Lines Matching +full:long +full:- +full:press +full:- +full:ms

4 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
11 # From Paul Eggert (2019-07-11):
30 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
64 # Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -
70 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
71 Rule	EUAsia	1981	max	-	Mar	lastSun	 1:00u	1:00	S
72 Rule	EUAsia	1979	1995	-	Sep	lastSun	 1:00u	0	-
73 Rule	EUAsia	1996	max	-	Oct	lastSun	 1:00u	0	-
74 Rule E-EurAsia	1981	max	-	Mar	lastSun	 0:00	1:00	-
75 Rule E-EurAsia	1979	1995	-	Sep	lastSun	 0:00	0	-
76 Rule E-EurAsia	1996	max	-	Oct	lastSun	 0:00	0	-
77 Rule RussiaAsia	1981	1984	-	Apr	1	 0:00	1:00	-
78 Rule RussiaAsia	1981	1983	-	Oct	1	 0:00	0	-
79 Rule RussiaAsia	1984	1995	-	Sep	lastSun	 2:00s	0	-
80 Rule RussiaAsia	1985	2010	-	Mar	lastSun	 2:00s	1:00	-
81 Rule RussiaAsia	1996	2010	-	Oct	lastSun	 2:00s	0	-
85 Zone	Asia/Kabul	4:36:48 -	LMT	1890
86 			4:00	-	%z	1945
87 			4:30	-	%z
90 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
94 # when they disagree with others.  Edgar Der-Danieliantz
95 # reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST
100 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15):
104 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-02-10):
114 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
115 Rule Armenia	2011	only	-	Mar	lastSun	 2:00s	1:00	-
116 Rule Armenia	2011	only	-	Oct	lastSun	 2:00s	0	-
118 Zone	Asia/Yerevan	2:58:00 -	LMT	1924 May  2
119 			3:00	-	%z	1957 Mar
122 			4:00	-	%z	1997
128 # From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23):
130 # From Paul Eggert (2015-09-17): It was Resolution No. 21 (1997-03-17).
133 # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-17):
137 # http://vestnikkavkaza.net/news/Azerbaijani-Cabinet-of-Ministers-cancels-daylight-saving-time.html
140 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
141 Rule	Azer	1997	2015	-	Mar	lastSun	 4:00	1:00	-
142 Rule	Azer	1997	2015	-	Oct	lastSun	 5:00	0	-
144 Zone	Asia/Baku	3:19:24 -	LMT	1924 May  2
145 			3:00	-	%z	1957 Mar
148 			4:00	-	%z	1996
153 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13):
169 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02):
174 # https://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601
177 # Our wrap-up:
178 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html
180 # From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15):
187 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25):
191 # Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday":
192 # "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1"
193 # http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021
196 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13):
197 # IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports:
203 # http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-ti…
205 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24):
209 # Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night.
210 # http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228
218 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-22):
224 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
225 Rule	Dhaka	2009	only	-	Jun	19	23:00	1:00	-
226 Rule	Dhaka	2009	only	-	Dec	31	24:00	0	-
229 Zone	Asia/Dhaka	6:01:40 -	LMT	1890
230 			5:53:20	-	HMT	1941 Oct    # Howrah Mean Time?
231 			6:30	-	%z	1942 May 15
232 			5:30	-	%z	1942 Sep
233 			6:30	-	%z	1951 Sep 30
234 			6:00	-	%z	2009
239 Zone	Asia/Thimphu	5:58:36 -	LMT	1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu
240 			5:30	-	%z	1987 Oct
241 			6:00	-	%z
250 Zone	Indian/Chagos	4:49:40	-	LMT	1907
251 			5:00	-	%z	1996
252 			6:00	-	%z
259 # From Paul Eggert (2017-04-20):
266 Zone	Asia/Yangon	6:24:47 -	LMT	1880        # or Rangoon
267 			6:24:47	-	RMT	1920        # Rangoon local time
268 			6:30	-	%z	1942 May
269 			9:00	-	%z	1945 May  3
270 			6:30	-	%z
274 # From Phake Nick (2020-04-15):
276 # http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2004-09-01/19524201403.shtml
284 # From Paul Eggert (2020-04-15):
291 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
292 Rule	Shang	1919	only	-	Apr	12	24:00	1:00	D
293 Rule	Shang	1919	only	-	Sep	30	24:00	0	S
295 # From Paul Eggert (2018-10-02):
298 # Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences. 2014;(2):144-50.
304 # From Phake Nick (2020-04-15):
306 # For the history of time in Shanghai between 1940-1942, the situation is
326 # business and log-keeping, although they did changed their office hour to
376 # From Phake Nick (2020-04-15):
378 # from around year 1941: http://www.tt-museum.jp/tairiku_0280_nan1941.html ,
384 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
385 Rule	Shang	1940	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00	1:00	D
386 Rule	Shang	1940	only	-	Oct	12	24:00	0	S
387 Rule	Shang	1941	only	-	Mar	15	 0:00	1:00	D
388 Rule	Shang	1941	only	-	Nov	 1	24:00	0	S
389 Rule	Shang	1942	only	-	Jan	31	 0:00	1:00	D
390 Rule	Shang	1945	only	-	Sep	 1	24:00	0	S
391 Rule	Shang	1946	only	-	May	15	 0:00	1:00	D
392 Rule	Shang	1946	only	-	Sep	30	24:00	0	S
393 Rule	Shang	1947	only	-	Apr	15	 0:00	1:00	D
394 Rule	Shang	1947	only	-	Oct	31	24:00	0	S
395 Rule	Shang	1948	1949	-	May	 1	 0:00	1:00	D
396 Rule	Shang	1948	1949	-	Sep	30	24:00	0	S #plan
401 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
402 # No they don't.  See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52.  Even though
405 # has two of 'em - Peking's and Ürümqi (named after the capital of
412 #     1986 May 4 - Sept 14
413 #     1987 mid-April - ??
415 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
417 # CHINA               9 H  AHEAD OF UTC  APR 17 - SEP 10
419 # From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11):
421 # time - sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05 ... [says] that China began
424 # From P Chan (2018-05-07):
429 # 1986-04-12 http://www.zj.gov.cn/attach/zfgb/198608.pdf p.21-22
433 # 1987-02-15 http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1987/gwyb198703.pdf p.114
436 # 1987-09-09 http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1987/gwyb198721.pdf p.709
437 # (From 1988, summer time to start from 2 am of the first Sunday of mid-April
438 # until 2 am of the first Sunday of mid-September)
440 # 1992-03-03 http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1992/gwyb199205.pdf p.152
447 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
448 Rule	PRC	1986	only	-	May	 4	 2:00	1:00	D
449 Rule	PRC	1986	1991	-	Sep	Sun>=11	 2:00	0	S
450 Rule	PRC	1987	1991	-	Apr	Sun>=11	 2:00	1:00	D
452 # From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20):
453 # BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five
457 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-07-14):
461 # counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border,
468 # From Paul Eggert (2017-01-05):
472 # Guo Qing-sheng (National Time-Service Center, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China)
475 # (Zhongguo ke ji shi liao, 中国科技史料). 2003;24(1):5-9.
487 # Guo Qing-sheng (Shaanxi Astronomical Observatory, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China)
506 #     Japanese-occupied territory.
507 #   * Japanese-occupied Manchuria was at UT+9, i.e., Japan time.
508 #   * The five-zone plan was resurrected after WWII and officially put into
514 # Lewiston (ME) Daily Sun (1939-05-29), p 17, said "Even the time is
515 # different - the occupied districts going by Tokyo time, an hour
526 # Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) UT +08:30
527 # Now part of Asia/Shanghai; its pre-1970 times are not recorded here.
536 # Long-shu Time (probably as Long and Shu were two names of the area) UT +07
537 # Now part of Asia/Shanghai; its pre-1970 times are not recorded here.
543 # Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") UT +06
557 # This region is now in the same status as Xin-zang Time (see above).
563 # From Luther Ma (2009-10-17):
581 # Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.)
589 # From Luther Ma (2009-11-19):
591 # English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols):
610 # From David Cochrane (2014-03-26):
614 # From Luther Ma (2014-04-22):
627 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30):
630 # Memories of life in Lhasa under Chinese Rule, Columbia U Press, ISBN
631 # 978-0231142861 (2008), translator's introduction by Matthew Akester, p x.
634 # Xinjiang Time is well-documented as being officially recognized.  E.g., see
635 # "The Working-Calendar for The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Government"
636 # <http://www.sinkiang.gov.cn/service/ourworking/> (2014-04-22).
646 # 1986-02-01 under the theory that the transition date to +08 is unknown and
653 Zone	Asia/Shanghai	8:05:43	-	LMT	1901
658 Zone	Asia/Urumqi	5:50:20	-	LMT	1928
659 			6:00	-	%z
665 # From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24):
673 # From Phake Nick (2018-10-27):
675 # http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/singfreepresswk19041102-1.2.37
678 # From Paul Eggert (2018-11-17):
684 # "From 1904 October 30 the time-ball at Hong Kong has been dropped by order
688 # 1905-02-10;65(4):405-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/65.4.382
690 # From Joseph Myers (2018-11-18):
694 # From Steve Allen (2018-11-17):
696 # page 4 <https://books.google.com/books?id=kgw5AQAAMAAJ&pg=RA4-PA4>
697 # ... the log of drop times in Table II shows that on Sunday 1904-10-30 the
701 # From Phake Nick (2018-11-18):
702 # According to The Hong Kong Weekly Press, 1904-10-29, p.324, the
706 # From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18):
709 # From Phake Nick (2018-10-26):
718 # the library doesn't seems to have any record stored about press during that
728 # * 1941-09-30, Ta Kung Pao (Hong Kong), "Winter Time start tomorrow".
730 # * 1941-09-29, South China Morning Post, Information on sunrise/sunset
733 # * 1942-02-05. The Hong Kong News, Radio Program Guide.
735 # * 1941-06-14. Hong Kong Daily Press, Daylight Saving from 3am Tomorrow.
737 # * 1941-09-30, Hong Kong Daily Press, Winter Time Warning.
740 # From Paul Eggert (2019-07-11):
745 # operated year round." -- Low Z. The longest day: when wartime Hong Kong
746 # introduced daylight saving. South China Morning Post. 2019-06-28.
747 # https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/short-reads/article/3016281/longest-day-when-wartime…
749 # From P Chan (2018-12-31):
750 # * According to the Hong Kong Daylight-Saving Regulations, 1941, the
751 #   1941 spring-forward transition was at 03:00.
755 #   resumed on 1945-11-18 at 02:00.
759 # * Some newspapers ... said the 1946 spring-forward transition was on
760 #   04-21 at 00:00.  The Kung Sheung Evening News 1946-04-20 (Chinese)
763 #   The Kung Sheung Daily News 1946-04-21 (Chinese)
780 #	https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr78-79/english/lc_sitg/hansard/h790509.pdf#page=39
782 # From Paul Eggert (2020-04-15):
785 # as of 2020-02-10:
829 # The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began 1941-12-25.
831 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
832 Rule	HK	1946	only	-	Apr	21	0:00	1:00	S
833 Rule	HK	1946	only	-	Dec	1	3:30s	0	-
834 Rule	HK	1947	only	-	Apr	13	3:30s	1:00	S
835 Rule	HK	1947	only	-	Nov	30	3:30s	0	-
836 Rule	HK	1948	only	-	May	2	3:30s	1:00	S
837 Rule	HK	1948	1952	-	Oct	Sun>=28	3:30s	0	-
838 Rule	HK	1949	1953	-	Apr	Sun>=1	3:30	1:00	S
839 Rule	HK	1953	1964	-	Oct	Sun>=31	3:30	0	-
840 Rule	HK	1954	1964	-	Mar	Sun>=18	3:30	1:00	S
841 Rule	HK	1965	1976	-	Apr	Sun>=16	3:30	1:00	S
842 Rule	HK	1965	1976	-	Oct	Sun>=16	3:30	0	-
843 Rule	HK	1973	only	-	Dec	30	3:30	1:00	S
844 Rule	HK	1979	only	-	May	13	3:30	1:00	S
845 Rule	HK	1979	only	-	Oct	21	3:30	0	-
848 Zone	Asia/Hong_Kong	7:36:42 -	LMT	1904 Oct 29 17:00u
849 			8:00	-	HKT	1941 Jun 15  3:00
852 			9:00	-	JST	1945 Nov 18  2:00
859 # From smallufo (2010-04-03):
864 # From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12):
888 # From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02):
919 # Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-03):
921 # Western Standard Time on Sep 21 in Taiwan.  It's Taiwan Governor-General
927 # top-level government in Taiwan. If you're going to quote any resource, this
929 # [1] Taiwan Governor-General Gazette, No. 1018, Sep 19, 1945:
932 # From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02):
954 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-03):
955 # As per Yu-Cheng Chuang, say that Taiwan was at UT +09 from 1937-10-01
956 # until 1945-09-21 at 01:00, overriding Shanks & Pottenger.
957 # Likewise, use Yu-Cheng Chuang's data for DST in Taiwan.
959 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
960 Rule	Taiwan	1946	only	-	May	15	0:00	1:00	D
961 Rule	Taiwan	1946	only	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	S
962 Rule	Taiwan	1947	only	-	Apr	15	0:00	1:00	D
963 Rule	Taiwan	1947	only	-	Nov	1	0:00	0	S
964 Rule	Taiwan	1948	1951	-	May	1	0:00	1:00	D
965 Rule	Taiwan	1948	1951	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	S
966 Rule	Taiwan	1952	only	-	Mar	1	0:00	1:00	D
967 Rule	Taiwan	1952	1954	-	Nov	1	0:00	0	S
968 Rule	Taiwan	1953	1959	-	Apr	1	0:00	1:00	D
969 Rule	Taiwan	1955	1961	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	S
970 Rule	Taiwan	1960	1961	-	Jun	1	0:00	1:00	D
971 Rule	Taiwan	1974	1975	-	Apr	1	0:00	1:00	D
972 Rule	Taiwan	1974	1975	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	S
973 Rule	Taiwan	1979	only	-	Jul	1	0:00	1:00	D
974 Rule	Taiwan	1979	only	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	S
977 # Taipei or Taibei or T'ai-pei
978 Zone	Asia/Taipei	8:06:00 -	LMT	1896 Jan  1
979 			8:00	-	CST	1937 Oct  1
980 			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep 21  1:00
985 # From P Chan (2018-05-10):
1006 # [Decree Gazette-no. date; titles omitted in this quotation]
1065 #	PT 38-A/72 BO 14 1972.04.01
1066 #	PT 126-A/72 BO 41 1972.10.07
1081 # From Paul Eggert (2018-05-10):
1085 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1086 Rule	Macau	1942	1943	-	Apr	30	23:00	1:00	-
1087 Rule	Macau	1942	only	-	Nov	17	23:00	0	-
1088 Rule	Macau	1943	only	-	Sep	30	23:00	0	S
1089 Rule	Macau	1946	only	-	Apr	30	23:00s	1:00	D
1090 Rule	Macau	1946	only	-	Sep	30	23:00s	0	S
1091 Rule	Macau	1947	only	-	Apr	19	23:00s	1:00	D
1092 Rule	Macau	1947	only	-	Nov	30	23:00s	0	S
1093 Rule	Macau	1948	only	-	May	 2	23:00s	1:00	D
1094 Rule	Macau	1948	only	-	Oct	31	23:00s	0	S
1095 Rule	Macau	1949	1950	-	Apr	Sat>=1	23:00s	1:00	D
1096 Rule	Macau	1949	1950	-	Oct	lastSat	23:00s	0	S
1097 Rule	Macau	1951	only	-	Mar	31	23:00s	1:00	D
1098 Rule	Macau	1951	only	-	Oct	28	23:00s	0	S
1099 Rule	Macau	1952	1953	-	Apr	Sat>=1	23:00s	1:00	D
1100 Rule	Macau	1952	only	-	Nov	 1	23:00s	0	S
1101 Rule	Macau	1953	1954	-	Oct	lastSat	23:00s	0	S
1102 Rule	Macau	1954	1956	-	Mar	Sat>=17	23:00s	1:00	D
1103 Rule	Macau	1955	only	-	Nov	 5	23:00s	0	S
1104 Rule	Macau	1956	1964	-	Nov	Sun>=1	03:30	0	S
1105 Rule	Macau	1957	1964	-	Mar	Sun>=18	03:30	1:00	D
1106 Rule	Macau	1965	1973	-	Apr	Sun>=16	03:30	1:00	D
1107 Rule	Macau	1965	1966	-	Oct	Sun>=16	02:30	0	S
1108 Rule	Macau	1967	1976	-	Oct	Sun>=16	03:30	0	S
1109 Rule	Macau	1973	only	-	Dec	30	03:30	1:00	D
1110 Rule	Macau	1975	1976	-	Apr	Sun>=16	03:30	1:00	D
1111 Rule	Macau	1979	only	-	May	13	03:30	1:00	D
1112 Rule	Macau	1979	only	-	Oct	Sun>=16	03:30	0	S
1115 Zone	Asia/Macau	7:34:10 -	LMT	1904 Oct 30
1116 			8:00	-	CST	1941 Dec 21 23:00
1126 # IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time.
1128 # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-09):
1130 # lead and switched from +02/+03 to +03 year-round.
1131 # http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/09/08/two-time-zones-cyprus-turkey-will-not-turn-clocks-back-next-mon…
1133 # From Even Scharning (2016-10-31):
1135 # http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/10/30/cyprus-new-division-two-time-zones-now-reality/
1137 # From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18):
1140 # Cyprus to remain united in time.  Cyprus Mail 2017-10-17.
1141 # https://cyprus-mail.com/2017/10/17/cyprus-remain-united-time/
1143 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1144 Rule	Cyprus	1975	only	-	Apr	13	0:00	1:00	S
1145 Rule	Cyprus	1975	only	-	Oct	12	0:00	0	-
1146 Rule	Cyprus	1976	only	-	May	15	0:00	1:00	S
1147 Rule	Cyprus	1976	only	-	Oct	11	0:00	0	-
1148 Rule	Cyprus	1977	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
1149 Rule	Cyprus	1977	only	-	Sep	25	0:00	0	-
1150 Rule	Cyprus	1978	only	-	Oct	2	0:00	0	-
1151 Rule	Cyprus	1979	1997	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
1152 Rule	Cyprus	1981	1998	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
1154 Zone	Asia/Nicosia	2:13:28 -	LMT	1921 Nov 14
1157 Zone	Asia/Famagusta	2:15:48	-	LMT	1921 Nov 14
1160 			3:00	-	%z	2017 Oct 29 1:00u
1164 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19):
1170 # From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04):
1175 # From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27):
1180 # ahead.  The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia,
1184 # From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07):
1199 Zone	Asia/Tbilisi	2:59:11 -	LMT	1880
1200 			2:59:11	-	TBMT	1924 May  2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
1201 			3:00	-	%z	1957 Mar
1204 			3:00 E-EurAsia	%z	1994 Sep lastSun
1205 			4:00 E-EurAsia	%z	1996 Oct lastSun
1207 			4:00 E-EurAsia	%z	2004 Jun 27
1209 			4:00	-	%z
1213 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01):
1214 # The 1912-01-01 transition occurred at 00:00 new time, per the 1911-05-24
1217 # neighboring foreign colonies, [for] as long as they do not adopt the time
1224 # <https://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm> (1999-12-26/31):
1230 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1234 # From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General
1235 # http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/2000/00-08-16.undh.html
1236 # (2000-08-16):
1243 Zone	Asia/Dili	8:22:20 -	LMT	1911 Dec 31 16:00u
1244 			8:00	-	%z	1942 Feb 21 23:00
1245 			9:00	-	%z	1976 May  3
1246 			8:00	-	%z	2000 Sep 17  0:00
1247 			9:00	-	%z
1259 # 1905-02-10;65(4):405-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/65.4.382
1262 # https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/the-creation-of-modern-time/421419/
1263 # (2015-12-22):
1264 # In January 1906, several thousand cotton-mill workers rioted on the
1269 # From Paul Eggert (2017-04-20):
1274 # and distributed civil (local time)." -- Bartky IR. Selling the true time:
1275 # 19th-century timekeeping in america. Stanford U Press (2000), 247 note 19.
1279 # his city being the Capital of India, and - for a part of the year - the Seat
1282 # Presidency; while Madras, having for long given the standard time to the
1284 # place." -- Oldham RD. On Time in India: a suggestion for its improvement.
1285 # Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (April 1899), 49-55.
1287 # "In 1870 ... Madras time - 'now used by the telegraph and regulated from the
1288 # only government observatory' - was suggested as a standard railway time,
1291 # local time for civil purposes." - Prasad R. Tracks of Change: Railways and
1292 # Everyday Life in Colonial India. Cambridge University Press (2016), 145.
1294 # Reed S, Low F. The Indian Year Book 1936-37. Bennett, Coleman, pp 27-8.
1297 # 1906-01-01 railways and telegraphs in India switched to +0530.  Some
1305 # time for 1870-1941.  Shanks is our only (and dubious) source for the
1306 # 1941-1945 data.
1309 Zone	Asia/Kolkata	5:53:28 -	LMT	1854 Jun 28 # Kolkata
1310 			5:53:20	-	HMT	1870	    # Howrah Mean Time?
1311 			5:21:10	-	MMT	1906 Jan  1 # Madras local time
1312 			5:30	-	IST	1941 Oct
1314 			5:30	-	IST	1942 Sep
1316 			5:30	-	IST
1324 # From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
1328 # From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger:
1329 # http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime
1330 # says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01.  Looking at some
1334 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10):
1337 # Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and
1343 # from UT +09 to +07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura
1345 # switched on 1945-09-23.
1347 # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11):
1348 # Normally the tz database uses English-language abbreviations, but in
1349 # Indonesia it's typical to use Indonesian-language abbreviations even
1350 # when writing in English.  For example, see the English-language
1353 # Indonesia, <http://time.kim.lipi.go.id/time-eng.php> (2006-09-29).
1356 # WIB  - +07 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time)
1357 # WITA - +08 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time)
1358 # WIT  - +09 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time)
1363 Zone Asia/Jakarta	7:07:12 -	LMT	1867 Aug 10
1366 			7:07:12	-	BMT	1923 Dec 31 16:40u # Batavia
1367 			7:20	-	%z	1932 Nov
1368 			7:30	-	%z	1942 Mar 23
1369 			9:00	-	%z	1945 Sep 23
1370 			7:30	-	%z	1948 May
1371 			8:00	-	%z	1950 May
1372 			7:30	-	%z	1964
1373 			7:00	-	WIB
1375 Zone Asia/Pontianak	7:17:20	-	LMT	1908 May
1376 			7:17:20	-	PMT	1932 Nov    # Pontianak MT
1377 			7:30	-	%z	1942 Jan 29
1378 			9:00	-	%z	1945 Sep 23
1379 			7:30	-	%z	1948 May
1380 			8:00	-	%z	1950 May
1381 			7:30	-	%z	1964
1382 			8:00	-	WITA	1988 Jan  1
1383 			7:00	-	WIB
1385 Zone Asia/Makassar	7:57:36 -	LMT	1920
1386 			7:57:36	-	MMT	1932 Nov    # Macassar MT
1387 			8:00	-	%z	1942 Feb  9
1388 			9:00	-	%z	1945 Sep 23
1389 			8:00	-	WITA
1391 Zone Asia/Jayapura	9:22:48 -	LMT	1932 Nov
1392 			9:00	-	%z	1944 Sep  1
1393 			9:30	-	%z	1964
1394 			9:00	-	WIT
1398 # From Roozbeh Pournader (2022-05-30):
1408 # Approved 1314/03/22 [=1935-06-13]
1416 # From Paul Eggert (2022-06-05):
1417 # Although the above says Tehran was at +03:30 before 1935-06-13, we don't
1418 # know when it switched to +03:30.  For now, use 1935-06-13 as the switch date.
1421 # From Roozbeh Pournader (2022-06-01):
1427 # new year [=1978-03-24], clocks will be pulled forward, and people's daily
1429 # On the 1st day of the month Farvardin of this year [=1977-03-21], they had
1431 # [=1977-09-23], the clocks were pulled back by 30 minutes.
1443 # This is from the major Iranian newspaper Ettela'at, dated [1978-08-03]...,
1448 # At 1 o'clock in the forenoon of Saturday 14 Mordad [=1978-08-05], the
1452 # [=1978-07-16], [...]
1464 # long weekend in Iran).
1466 # From Roozbeh Pournader (2022-05-31):
1468 # to meddle in God's Time? Comp Stud Soc Hist. 1985;27(3):385-400]
1480 # Greenwich Mean Time plus three and one-half hours (plus four and one-half
1489 # daylight-saving time (DST) on 26 May 1979."
1498 # From Francis Santoni (2022-06-01):
1503 # From Roozbeh Pournader (2025-03-18):
1505 # 1357/8/19 AP=1978-11-10. Here's a newspaper clip from the Ettela'at
1506 # newspaper, dated 1357/8/14 AP=1978-11-05, translated from Persian
1510 #	announced today: At the hour 24 of Friday 19th of Aban (=1978-11-10),
1513 # From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15):
1517 #	Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16]
1518 #	No. 16760/T233 H				1370/6/10 [1991-09-01]
1522 #	The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14],
1523 #	based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13]
1526 #	and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and
1534 #	First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi
1541 # From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05):
1547 # From Paul Eggert (2022-06-30):
1554 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future
1555 # discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar:
1556 # For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for
1560 # 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT.  But the Gregorian year 2025 should give
1564 # vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT.  The Java version of
1566 # 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical).
1568 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22):
1570 # http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm
1572 # From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Nørgaard Welen:
1573 # ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce
1577 # From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05):
1580 # [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:...
1586 # From Ali Mirjamali (2022-05-10):
1590 # (i.e 2023-March-21) and forthcoming years.
1592 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1594 Rule	Iran	1910	only	-	Jan	 1	00:00	0	-
1596 Rule	Iran	1977	only	-	Mar	21	23:00	1:00	-
1597 Rule	Iran	1977	only	-	Oct	20	24:00	0	-
1598 Rule	Iran	1978	only	-	Mar	24	24:00	1:00	-
1599 Rule	Iran	1978	only	-	Aug	 5	01:00	0	-
1600 Rule	Iran	1979	only	-	May	26	24:00	1:00	-
1601 Rule	Iran	1979	only	-	Sep	18	24:00	0	-
1602 Rule	Iran	1980	only	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
1603 Rule	Iran	1980	only	-	Sep	22	24:00	0	-
1604 Rule	Iran	1991	only	-	May	 2	24:00	1:00	-
1605 Rule	Iran	1992	1995	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
1606 Rule	Iran	1991	1995	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
1607 Rule	Iran	1996	only	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
1608 Rule	Iran	1996	only	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
1609 Rule	Iran	1997	1999	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
1610 Rule	Iran	1997	1999	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
1611 Rule	Iran	2000	only	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
1612 Rule	Iran	2000	only	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
1613 Rule	Iran	2001	2003	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
1614 Rule	Iran	2001	2003	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
1615 Rule	Iran	2004	only	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
1616 Rule	Iran	2004	only	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
1617 Rule	Iran	2005	only	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
1618 Rule	Iran	2005	only	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
1619 Rule	Iran	2008	only	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
1620 Rule	Iran	2008	only	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
1621 Rule	Iran	2009	2011	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
1622 Rule	Iran	2009	2011	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
1623 Rule	Iran	2012	only	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
1624 Rule	Iran	2012	only	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
1625 Rule	Iran	2013	2015	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
1626 Rule	Iran	2013	2015	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
1627 Rule	Iran	2016	only	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
1628 Rule	Iran	2016	only	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
1629 Rule	Iran	2017	2019	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
1630 Rule	Iran	2017	2019	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
1631 Rule	Iran	2020	only	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	-
1632 Rule	Iran	2020	only	-	Sep	20	24:00	0	-
1633 Rule	Iran	2021	2022	-	Mar	21	24:00	1:00	-
1634 Rule	Iran	2021	2022	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	-
1637 Zone	Asia/Tehran	3:25:44	-	LMT	1916
1638 			3:25:44	-	TMT	1935 Jun 13 # Tehran Mean Time
1646 # From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12):
1647 # An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in
1652 # But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows:
1656 # in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq.
1660 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10):
1663 # http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html
1667 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html
1669 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1670 Rule	Iraq	1982	only	-	May	1	0:00	1:00	-
1671 Rule	Iraq	1982	1984	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	-
1672 Rule	Iraq	1983	only	-	Mar	31	0:00	1:00	-
1673 Rule	Iraq	1984	1985	-	Apr	1	0:00	1:00	-
1674 Rule	Iraq	1985	1990	-	Sep	lastSun	1:00s	0	-
1675 Rule	Iraq	1986	1990	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00s	1:00	-
1679 Rule	Iraq	1991	2007	-	Apr	 1	3:00s	1:00	-
1680 Rule	Iraq	1991	2007	-	Oct	 1	3:00s	0	-
1682 Zone	Asia/Baghdad	2:57:40	-	LMT	1890
1683 			2:57:36	-	BMT	1918     # Baghdad Mean Time?
1684 			3:00	-	%z	1982 May
1694 # 2020-08-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/13537121.2020.1806564
1696 # From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11):
1713 # high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's
1716 # From P Chan (2020-10-27), with corrections:
1718 # 1940-1946 Supplement No. 2 to the Palestine Gazette
1720 # 1 1010  729  67 of 1940 1940-05-22 1940-05-31* 1940-09-30* revoked by #2
1721 # 2 1013  758  73 of 1940 1940-05-31 1940-05-31  1940-09-30
1722 # 3 1055 1574 196 of 1940 1940-11-06 1940-11-16  1940-12-31
1723 # 4 1066 1811 208 of 1940 1940-12-17 1940-12-31  1941-12-31
1724 # 5 1156 1967 116 of 1941 1941-12-16 1941-12-31  1942-12-31* amended by #6
1725 # 6 1228 1608  86 of 1942 1942-10-14 1941-12-31  1942-10-31
1726 # 7 1256  279  21 of 1943 1943-03-18 1943-03-31  1943-10-31
1727 # 8 1323  249  19 of 1944 1944-03-13 1944-03-31  1944-10-31
1728 # 9 1402  328  20 of 1945 1945-04-05 1945-04-15  1945-10-31
1729 #10 1487  596  14 of 1946 1946-04-04 1946-04-15  1946-10-31
1733 #11 2             7 1948-05-20 1948-05-22 1948-10-31*
1734 #	^This moved timezone to +04, replaced by #12 from 1948-08-31 24:00 GMT.
1735 #12 17 (Annex B) 84 1948-08-22 1948-08-31 1948-10-31
1737 # 1949-2000 Kovetz HaTakanot (Collection of Regulations)
1739 #13    6  133 1949-03-23 1949-04-30  1949-10-31
1740 #14   80  755 1950-03-17 1950-04-15  1950-09-14
1741 #15  164  782 1951-03-22 1951-03-31  1951-09-29* amended by #16
1742 #16  206 1940 1951-09-23 ----------  1951-10-22* amended by #17
1743 #17  212   78 1951-10-19 ----------  1951-11-10
1744 #18  254  652 1952-03-03 1952-04-19  1952-09-27* amended by #19
1745 #19  300   11 1952-09-15 ----------  1952-10-18
1746 #20  348  817 1953-03-03 1953-04-11  1953-09-12
1747 #21  420  385 1954-02-17 1954-06-12  1954-09-11
1748 #22  497  548 1955-01-14 1955-06-11  1955-09-10
1749 #23  591  608 1956-03-12 1956-06-02  1956-09-29
1750 #24  680  957 1957-02-08 1957-04-27  1957-09-21
1751 #25 3192 1418 1974-06-28 1974-07-06  1974-10-12
1752 #26 3322 1389 1975-04-03 1975-04-19  1975-08-30
1753 #27 4146 2089 1980-07-15 1980-08-02  1980-09-13
1754 #28 4604 1081 1984-02-22 1984-05-05* 1984-08-25* revoked by #29
1755 #29 4619 1312 1984-04-06 1984-05-05  1984-08-25
1756 #30 4744  475 1984-12-23 1985-04-13  1985-09-14* amended by #31
1757 #31 4851 1848 1985-08-18 ----------  1985-08-31
1758 #32 4932  899 1986-04-22 1986-05-17  1986-09-06
1759 #33 5013  580 1987-02-15 1987-04-18* 1987-08-22* revoked by #34
1760 #34 5021  744 1987-03-30 1987-04-14  1987-09-12
1761 #35 5096  659 1988-02-14 1988-04-09  1988-09-03
1762 #36 5167  514 1989-02-03 1989-04-29  1989-09-02
1763 #37 5248  375 1990-01-23 1990-03-24  1990-08-25
1764 #38 5335  612 1991-02-10 1991-03-09* 1991-08-31	 amended by #39
1765 #			 1992-03-28  1992-09-05
1766 #39 5339  709 1991-03-04 1991-03-23  ----------
1767 #40 5506  503 1993-02-18 1993-04-02  1993-09-05
1768 #			 1994-04-01  1994-08-28
1769 #			 1995-03-31  1995-09-03
1770 #41 5731  438 1996-01-01 1996-03-14  1996-09-15
1771 #			 1997-03-13* 1997-09-18* overridden by 1997 Temp Prov
1772 #			 1998-03-19* 1998-09-17* revoked by #42
1773 #42 5853 1243 1997-09-18 1998-03-19  1998-09-05
1774 #43 5937   77 1998-10-18 1999-04-02  1999-09-03
1775 #			 2000-04-14* 2000-09-15* revoked by #44
1776 #			 2001-04-13* 2001-09-14* revoked by #44
1777 #44 6024   39 2000-03-14 2000-04-14  2000-10-22* overridden by 2000 Temp Prov
1778 #			 2001-04-06* 2001-10-10* overridden by 2000 Temp Prov
1779 #			 2002-03-29* 2002-10-29* overridden by 2000 Temp Prov
1784 # 1997 Temporary Provisions	1997-03-06	1997-03-20	1997-09-13
1785 # 2000 Temporary Provisions	2000-07-28	----------	2000-10-06
1786 #						2001-04-09	2001-09-24
1787 #						2002-03-29	2002-10-07
1788 #						2003-03-28	2003-10-03
1789 #						2004-04-07	2004-09-22
1791 # Transition times in 1940-1957 (#1-#24) were midnight GMT,
1792 # in 1974-1998 (#25-#42 and the 1997 Temporary Provisions) were midnight,
1793 # in 1999-April 2000 (#43,#44) were 02:00,
1796 # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1808 #11 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law12/er-002.pdf#page=3
1809 #12 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law12/er-017-t2.pdf#page=4
1810 #13 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0006.pdf#page=3
1811 #14 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0080.pdf#page=7
1812 #15 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0164.pdf#page=10
1813 #16 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0206.pdf#page=4
1814 #17 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0212.pdf#page=2
1815 #18 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0254.pdf#page=4
1816 #19 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0300.pdf#page=5
1817 #20 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0348.pdf#page=3
1818 #21 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0420.pdf#page=5
1819 #22 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0497.pdf#page=10
1820 #23 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0591.pdf#page=6
1821 #24 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0680.pdf#page=3
1822 #25 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-3192.pdf#page=2
1823 #26 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-3322.pdf#page=5
1824 #27 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4146.pdf#page=2
1825 #28 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4604.pdf#page=7
1826 #29 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4619.pdf#page=2
1827 #30 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4744.pdf#page=11
1828 #31 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4851.pdf#page=2
1829 #32 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4932.pdf#page=19
1830 #33 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5013.pdf#page=8
1831 #34 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5021.pdf#page=8
1832 #35 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5096.pdf#page=3
1833 #36 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5167.pdf#page=2
1834 #37 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5248.pdf#page=7
1835 #38 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5335.pdf#page=6
1836 #39 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5339.pdf#page=7
1837 #40 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5506.pdf#page=19
1838 #41 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5731.pdf#page=2
1839 #42 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5853.pdf#page=3
1840 #43 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5937.pdf#page=9
1841 #44 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-6024.pdf#page=4
1853 # From Paul Eggert (2020-10-27):
1859 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1860 Rule	Zion	1940	only	-	May	31	24:00u	1:00	D
1861 Rule	Zion	1940	only	-	Sep	30	24:00u	0	S
1862 Rule	Zion	1940	only	-	Nov	16	24:00u	1:00	D
1863 Rule	Zion	1942	1946	-	Oct	31	24:00u	0	S
1864 Rule	Zion	1943	1944	-	Mar	31	24:00u	1:00	D
1865 Rule	Zion	1945	1946	-	Apr	15	24:00u	1:00	D
1866 Rule	Zion	1948	only	-	May	22	24:00u	2:00	DD
1867 Rule	Zion	1948	only	-	Aug	31	24:00u	1:00	D
1868 Rule	Zion	1948	1949	-	Oct	31	24:00u	0	S
1869 Rule	Zion	1949	only	-	Apr	30	24:00u	1:00	D
1870 Rule	Zion	1950	only	-	Apr	15	24:00u	1:00	D
1871 Rule	Zion	1950	only	-	Sep	14	24:00u	0	S
1872 Rule	Zion	1951	only	-	Mar	31	24:00u	1:00	D
1873 Rule	Zion	1951	only	-	Nov	10	24:00u	0	S
1874 Rule	Zion	1952	only	-	Apr	19	24:00u	1:00	D
1875 Rule	Zion	1952	only	-	Oct	18	24:00u	0	S
1876 Rule	Zion	1953	only	-	Apr	11	24:00u	1:00	D
1877 Rule	Zion	1953	only	-	Sep	12	24:00u	0	S
1878 Rule	Zion	1954	only	-	Jun	12	24:00u	1:00	D
1879 Rule	Zion	1954	only	-	Sep	11	24:00u	0	S
1880 Rule	Zion	1955	only	-	Jun	11	24:00u	1:00	D
1881 Rule	Zion	1955	only	-	Sep	10	24:00u	0	S
1882 Rule	Zion	1956	only	-	Jun	 2	24:00u	1:00	D
1883 Rule	Zion	1956	only	-	Sep	29	24:00u	0	S
1884 Rule	Zion	1957	only	-	Apr	27	24:00u	1:00	D
1885 Rule	Zion	1957	only	-	Sep	21	24:00u	0	S
1886 Rule	Zion	1974	only	-	Jul	 6	24:00	1:00	D
1887 Rule	Zion	1974	only	-	Oct	12	24:00	0	S
1888 Rule	Zion	1975	only	-	Apr	19	24:00	1:00	D
1889 Rule	Zion	1975	only	-	Aug	30	24:00	0	S
1891 # From Alois Treindl (2019-03-06):
1892 # http://www.moin.gov.il/Documents/שעון%20קיץ/clock-50-years-7-2014.pdf
1893 # From Isaac Starkman (2019-03-06):
1895 # https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3951073,00.html
1899 # From Paul Eggert (2019-03-06):
1901 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-November/027194.html
1902 Rule	Zion	1980	only	-	Aug	 2	24:00s	1:00	D
1903 Rule	Zion	1980	only	-	Sep	13	24:00s	0	S
1904 Rule	Zion	1984	only	-	May	 5	24:00s	1:00	D
1905 Rule	Zion	1984	only	-	Aug	25	24:00s	0	S
1907 Rule	Zion	1985	only	-	Apr	13	24:00	1:00	D
1908 Rule	Zion	1985	only	-	Aug	31	24:00	0	S
1909 Rule	Zion	1986	only	-	May	17	24:00	1:00	D
1910 Rule	Zion	1986	only	-	Sep	 6	24:00	0	S
1911 Rule	Zion	1987	only	-	Apr	14	24:00	1:00	D
1912 Rule	Zion	1987	only	-	Sep	12	24:00	0	S
1914 # From Avigdor Finkelstein (2014-03-05):
1918 Rule	Zion	1988	only	-	Apr	 9	24:00	1:00	D
1919 Rule	Zion	1988	only	-	Sep	 3	24:00	0	S
1922 # (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22,
1923 # and 2005-02-17):
1926 # Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes.
1928 # days of daylight savings time annually.  From 1993-1998, the change to
1948 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1949 Rule	Zion	1989	only	-	Apr	29	24:00	1:00	D
1950 Rule	Zion	1989	only	-	Sep	 2	24:00	0	S
1951 Rule	Zion	1990	only	-	Mar	24	24:00	1:00	D
1952 Rule	Zion	1990	only	-	Aug	25	24:00	0	S
1953 Rule	Zion	1991	only	-	Mar	23	24:00	1:00	D
1954 Rule	Zion	1991	only	-	Aug	31	24:00	0	S
1955 Rule	Zion	1992	only	-	Mar	28	24:00	1:00	D
1956 Rule	Zion	1992	only	-	Sep	 5	24:00	0	S
1957 Rule	Zion	1993	only	-	Apr	 2	0:00	1:00	D
1958 Rule	Zion	1993	only	-	Sep	 5	0:00	0	S
1960 # The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the
1962 # calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448.
1964 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1965 Rule	Zion	1994	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1966 Rule	Zion	1994	only	-	Aug	28	0:00	0	S
1967 Rule	Zion	1995	only	-	Mar	31	0:00	1:00	D
1968 Rule	Zion	1995	only	-	Sep	 3	0:00	0	S
1971 # time, Haim Ramon.  The official announcement regarding 1996-1998
1972 # (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at:
1974 #   ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz
1976 # The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa.
1978 # The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at:
1984 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1985 Rule	Zion	1996	only	-	Mar	14	24:00	1:00	D
1986 Rule	Zion	1996	only	-	Sep	15	24:00	0	S
1987 Rule	Zion	1997	only	-	Mar	20	24:00	1:00	D
1988 Rule	Zion	1997	only	-	Sep	13	24:00	0	S
1989 Rule	Zion	1998	only	-	Mar	20	0:00	1:00	D
1990 Rule	Zion	1998	only	-	Sep	 6	0:00	0	S
1991 Rule	Zion	1999	only	-	Apr	 2	2:00	1:00	D
1992 Rule	Zion	1999	only	-	Sep	 3	2:00	0	S
1996 # years 2001-2004 as well.
2000 #	ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz
2003 # for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at:
2005 #	ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz
2007 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2008 Rule	Zion	2000	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
2009 Rule	Zion	2000	only	-	Oct	 6	1:00	0	S
2010 Rule	Zion	2001	only	-	Apr	 9	1:00	1:00	D
2011 Rule	Zion	2001	only	-	Sep	24	1:00	0	S
2012 Rule	Zion	2002	only	-	Mar	29	1:00	1:00	D
2013 Rule	Zion	2002	only	-	Oct	 7	1:00	0	S
2014 Rule	Zion	2003	only	-	Mar	28	1:00	1:00	D
2015 Rule	Zion	2003	only	-	Oct	 3	1:00	0	S
2016 Rule	Zion	2004	only	-	Apr	 7	1:00	1:00	D
2017 Rule	Zion	2004	only	-	Sep	22	1:00	0	S
2020 # 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the
2029 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2030 Rule	Zion	2005	2012	-	Apr	Fri<=1	2:00	1:00	D
2031 Rule	Zion	2005	only	-	Oct	 9	2:00	0	S
2032 Rule	Zion	2006	only	-	Oct	 1	2:00	0	S
2033 Rule	Zion	2007	only	-	Sep	16	2:00	0	S
2034 Rule	Zion	2008	only	-	Oct	 5	2:00	0	S
2035 Rule	Zion	2009	only	-	Sep	27	2:00	0	S
2036 Rule	Zion	2010	only	-	Sep	12	2:00	0	S
2037 Rule	Zion	2011	only	-	Oct	 2	2:00	0	S
2038 Rule	Zion	2012	only	-	Sep	23	2:00	0	S
2040 # From Ephraim Silverberg (2020-10-26):
2050 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2051 Rule	Zion	2013	max	-	Mar	Fri>=23	2:00	1:00	D
2052 Rule	Zion	2013	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2055 Zone	Asia/Jerusalem	2:20:54 -	LMT	1880
2056 			2:20:40	-	JMT	1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time?
2067 # From Paul Eggert (2020-01-19):
2071 # started requiring the use of a Western style 24-hour clock.  See:
2074 # data support only 24-hour clocks, its tables model timestamps before
2075 # 1873 using Western-style local mean time.
2077 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
2082 # JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
2083 # The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
2085 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
2098 # From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12):
2108 # From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06):
2113 # From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times:
2114 # http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm
2115 # Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on
2116 # [1948-05-01]....  But lack of prior debate and the execution of
2117 # daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated
2121 # of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who
2124 # From Takayuki Nikai (2018-01-19):
2131 # From Phake Nick (2018-09-27):
2144 # From Paul Eggert (2018-09-27):
2150 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2151 Rule	Japan	1948	only	-	May	Sat>=1	24:00	1:00	D
2152 Rule	Japan	1948	1951	-	Sep	Sat>=8	25:00	0	S
2153 Rule	Japan	1949	only	-	Apr	Sat>=1	24:00	1:00	D
2154 Rule	Japan	1950	1951	-	May	Sat>=1	24:00	1:00	D
2157 Zone	Asia/Tokyo	9:18:59	-	LMT	1887 Dec 31 15:00u
2161 # switch from +10 to +09 until 1941-04-01; see the 'australasia' file.
2166 # Jordan Week (1999-07-01) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
2172 # Jordan Week (1999-09-30) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09):
2178 # From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):
2181 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
2183 # about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year.
2185 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi:
2190 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02):
2191 # This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic):
2200 # So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002.
2202 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06):
2205 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-10-25):
2211 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-12-11):
2213 # UTC+2 on 2013-12-19 at midnight:
2214 # http://jordantimes.com/govt-decides-to-switch-back-to-wintertime
2218 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/jordan-reverses-dst-decision.html
2224 # From Paul Eggert (2013-12-11):
2225 # As Steffen suggested, consider the past 21-month experiment to be DST.
2227 # From Steffen Thorsen (2021-09-24):
2235 # From Issam Al-Zuwairi (2022-10-05):
2239 # From Brian Inglis (2022-10-06):
2242 # From Paul Eggert (2022-10-05):
2244 # (non-DST) at the point where DST would otherwise have ended.
2246 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2247 Rule	Jordan	1973	only	-	Jun	6	0:00	1:00	S
2248 Rule	Jordan	1973	1975	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	-
2249 Rule	Jordan	1974	1977	-	May	1	0:00	1:00	S
2250 Rule	Jordan	1976	only	-	Nov	1	0:00	0	-
2251 Rule	Jordan	1977	only	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	-
2252 Rule	Jordan	1978	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	S
2253 Rule	Jordan	1978	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	-
2254 Rule	Jordan	1985	only	-	Apr	1	0:00	1:00	S
2255 Rule	Jordan	1985	only	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	-
2256 Rule	Jordan	1986	1988	-	Apr	Fri>=1	0:00	1:00	S
2257 Rule	Jordan	1986	1990	-	Oct	Fri>=1	0:00	0	-
2258 Rule	Jordan	1989	only	-	May	8	0:00	1:00	S
2259 Rule	Jordan	1990	only	-	Apr	27	0:00	1:00	S
2260 Rule	Jordan	1991	only	-	Apr	17	0:00	1:00	S
2261 Rule	Jordan	1991	only	-	Sep	27	0:00	0	-
2262 Rule	Jordan	1992	only	-	Apr	10	0:00	1:00	S
2263 Rule	Jordan	1992	1993	-	Oct	Fri>=1	0:00	0	-
2264 Rule	Jordan	1993	1998	-	Apr	Fri>=1	0:00	1:00	S
2265 Rule	Jordan	1994	only	-	Sep	Fri>=15	0:00	0	-
2266 Rule	Jordan	1995	1998	-	Sep	Fri>=15	0:00s	0	-
2267 Rule	Jordan	1999	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00s	1:00	S
2268 Rule	Jordan	1999	2002	-	Sep	lastFri	0:00s	0	-
2269 Rule	Jordan	2000	2001	-	Mar	lastThu	0:00s	1:00	S
2270 Rule	Jordan	2002	2012	-	Mar	lastThu	24:00	1:00	S
2271 Rule	Jordan	2003	only	-	Oct	24	0:00s	0	-
2272 Rule	Jordan	2004	only	-	Oct	15	0:00s	0	-
2273 Rule	Jordan	2005	only	-	Sep	lastFri	0:00s	0	-
2274 Rule	Jordan	2006	2011	-	Oct	lastFri	0:00s	0	-
2275 Rule	Jordan	2013	only	-	Dec	20	0:00	0	-
2276 Rule	Jordan	2014	2021	-	Mar	lastThu	24:00	1:00	S
2277 Rule	Jordan	2014	2022	-	Oct	lastFri	0:00s	0	-
2278 Rule	Jordan	2022	only	-	Feb	lastThu	24:00	1:00	S
2280 Zone	Asia/Amman	2:23:44 -	LMT	1931
2282 			3:00	-	%z
2288 # <http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm> (2005-03-21):
2293 # From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28):
2303 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-27):
2305 # produced the following data for post-1991 Kazakhstan:
2308 # from 1991-02-04 No. 20
2315 # The 1992-01-13 act also refers to the act of the Cabinet of Ministers
2316 # of the Kazakh SSR from 1991-03-20 No. 170 "About the act of the Cabinet
2317 # of Ministers of the USSR from 1991-02-04 No. 20" but I didn't found its
2320 # According to Izvestia newspaper No. 68 (23334) from 1991-03-20
2321 # -- page 6; available at http://libinfo.org/newsr/newsr2574.djvu via
2322 # http://libinfo.org/index.php?id=58564 -- on 1991-03-31 at 2:00 during
2331 # When the "summer" time would end on 1991-09-29, clocks were to be
2339 # claims that Sovetskaya Rossiya newspaper on 1991-03-29 published that
2342 # forward; on 1991-09-29 Kazakhstan was to move clocks backwards.
2344 # article claiming that Kaliningrad oblast decided on 1991-03-29 to not
2347 # This implies that on 1991-03-31 Asia/Oral remained on +04/+05 while
2350 # time belt. (By switching from +04/+05 to +05/+06 on 1991-09-29?) ...
2353 # from 1992-01-13 No. 28
2357 # 1992-01-08 act.  It specified that time would be calculated
2359 # on the whole territory of Kazakhstan 1 hour forward on 1992-01-19 at
2366 # This means switch on 1992-01-19 at 2:00 from +04/+05 to +05/+06 for
2371 # from 1992-03-27 No. 284
2378 # from 1994-09-23 No. 384
2386 # from 1996-05-08 No. 575
2388 # amends the 1992-01-13 act to end summer time in October instead
2389 # of September, mirroring identical Russian change from 1996-04-23 act.
2392 # from 1999-03-26 No. 305
2401 # from 2000-11-23 No. 1749
2414 # from 2003-12-29 No. 1342
2416 # modified the 2000-11-23 act.  No relevant changes, apparently.
2419 # from 2004-07-20 No. 775
2421 # modified the 2000-11-23 act to move Qostanay and Qyzylorda oblasts into
2429 # from 2004-09-15 No. 1059
2431 # modified the 2000-11-23 act to remove exceptions from the "decree time"
2433 # 2004-07-20 act to implement changes for Atyraū, West Kazakhstan,
2440 # and Asia/Qyzylorda on 2004-10-31 at 3:00....
2443 # from 2005-03-15 No. 231
2445 # removes DST provisions from the 2000-11-23 act, removes most of the
2446 # (already implemented) provisions from the 2004-07-20 and 2004-09-15
2452 # No. 23 from 1992-01-08 [See 'europe' file for details].
2453 # Kazakh 1992-01-13 act appears to provide the same rules and 1992-03-27
2456 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-08):
2464 # 1920-01-01 to the fourth time belt.  But I do not understand
2468 # (http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia-1919-02-08.html
2472 # From Alexander Konzurovski (2018-12-20):
2477 # From Zhanbolat Raimbekov (2024-01-19):
2479 # https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/mti/press/news/details/688998?lang=ru
2481 # (2024-01-20): https://primeminister.kz/ru/decisions/19012024-20
2483 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2024-01-19):
2486 # https://en.inform.kz/news/kazakhstan-to-switch-to-single-hour-zone-mar-1-54ad0b/
2490 # Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan
2491 # This includes Abai/Abay (ISO 3166-2 code KZ-10), Aqmola/Akmola (KZ-11),
2492 # Almaty (KZ-19), Almaty city (KZ-75), Astana city (KZ-71),
2493 # East Kazakhstan (KZ-63), Jambyl/Zhambyl (KZ-31), Jetisu/Zhetysu (KZ-33),
2494 # Karaganda (KZ-35), North Kazakhstan (KZ-59), Pavlodar (KZ-55),
2495 # Shymkent city (KZ-79), Turkistan (KZ-61), and Ulytau (KZ-62).
2496 Zone	Asia/Almaty	5:07:48 -	LMT	1924 May  2 # or Alma-Ata
2497 			5:00	-	%z	1930 Jun 21
2501 			6:00	-	%z	2024 Mar  1  0:00
2502 			5:00	-	%z
2503 # Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) (KZ-43)
2504 Zone	Asia/Qyzylorda	4:21:52 -	LMT	1924 May  2
2505 			4:00	-	%z	1930 Jun 21
2506 			5:00	-	%z	1981 Apr  1
2508 			6:00	-	%z	1982 Apr  1
2514 			6:00	-	%z	2018 Dec 21  0:00
2515 			5:00	-	%z
2516 # Qostanay (aka Kostanay, Kustanay) (KZ-39)
2519 Zone	Asia/Qostanay	4:14:28 -	LMT	1924 May  2
2520 			4:00	-	%z	1930 Jun 21
2521 			5:00	-	%z	1981 Apr  1
2523 			6:00	-	%z	1982 Apr  1
2527 			6:00	-	%z	2024 Mar  1  0:00
2528 			5:00	-	%z
2529 # Aqtöbe (aka Aktobe, formerly Aktyubinsk) (KZ-15)
2530 Zone	Asia/Aqtobe	3:48:40	-	LMT	1924 May  2
2531 			4:00	-	%z	1930 Jun 21
2532 			5:00	-	%z	1981 Apr  1
2534 			6:00	-	%z	1982 Apr  1
2538 			5:00	-	%z
2539 # Mangghystaū (KZ-47)
2542 Zone	Asia/Aqtau	3:21:04	-	LMT	1924 May  2
2543 			4:00	-	%z	1930 Jun 21
2544 			5:00	-	%z	1981 Oct  1
2545 			6:00	-	%z	1982 Apr  1
2550 			5:00	-	%z
2551 # Atyraū (KZ-23) is like Mangghystaū except it switched from
2553 Zone	Asia/Atyrau	3:27:44	-	LMT	1924 May  2
2554 			3:00	-	%z	1930 Jun 21
2555 			5:00	-	%z	1981 Oct  1
2556 			6:00	-	%z	1982 Apr  1
2561 			5:00	-	%z
2562 # West Kazakhstan (KZ-27)
2563 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
2564 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
2565 Zone	Asia/Oral	3:25:24	-	LMT	1924 May  2 # or Ural'sk
2566 			3:00	-	%z	1930 Jun 21
2567 			5:00	-	%z	1981 Apr  1
2569 			6:00	-	%z	1982 Apr  1
2574 			5:00	-	%z
2579 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15):
2581 # http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml
2584 # From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21):
2586 # From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving.
2588 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2589 Rule	Kyrgyz	1992	1996	-	Apr	Sun>=7	0:00s	1:00	-
2590 Rule	Kyrgyz	1992	1996	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
2591 Rule	Kyrgyz	1997	2005	-	Mar	lastSun	2:30	1:00	-
2592 Rule	Kyrgyz	1997	2004	-	Oct	lastSun	2:30	0	-
2594 Zone	Asia/Bishkek	4:58:24 -	LMT	1924 May  2
2595 			5:00	-	%z	1930 Jun 21
2599 			6:00	-	%z
2605 # From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10):
2607 # Korea ran a daylight saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it
2608 # during the 1950-53 Korean War.  The system was temporarily enforced
2611 # From Sanghyuk Jung (2014-10-29):
2612 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021830.html
2615 # [oldid=12896437 2014-09-04 08:03 UTC]
2622 # From Phake Nick (2018-10-27):
2625 # 1955-09-08 without specifying time
2627 # 1956-09-29 without specifying time
2629 # 1957-09-21 24 o'clock
2631 # 1958-09-20 24 o'clock
2633 # 1959-09-19 24 o'clock
2635 # 1960-09-17 24 o'clock
2644 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2645 Rule	ROK	1948	only	-	Jun	 1	 0:00	1:00	D
2646 Rule	ROK	1948	only	-	Sep	12	24:00	0	S
2647 Rule	ROK	1949	only	-	Apr	 3	 0:00	1:00	D
2648 Rule	ROK	1949	1951	-	Sep	Sat>=7	24:00	0	S
2649 Rule	ROK	1950	only	-	Apr	 1	 0:00	1:00	D
2650 Rule	ROK	1951	only	-	May	 6	 0:00	1:00	D
2651 Rule	ROK	1955	only	-	May	 5	 0:00	1:00	D
2652 Rule	ROK	1955	only	-	Sep	 8	24:00	0	S
2653 Rule	ROK	1956	only	-	May	20	 0:00	1:00	D
2654 Rule	ROK	1956	only	-	Sep	29	24:00	0	S
2655 Rule	ROK	1957	1960	-	May	Sun>=1	 0:00	1:00	D
2656 Rule	ROK	1957	1960	-	Sep	Sat>=17	24:00	0	S
2657 Rule	ROK	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=8	 2:00	1:00	D
2658 Rule	ROK	1987	1988	-	Oct	Sun>=8	 3:00	0	S
2660 # From Paul Eggert (2016-08-23):
2664 # 1912: Governor-General of Korea Official Gazette Issue No. 367
2666 # 1954: Presidential Decree No. 876 (1954-03-17)
2667 # 1961: Law No. 676 (1961-08-07)
2669 # (Another source "1987: Law No. 3919 (1986-12-31)" was in the 2014-10-30
2679 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-08-07):
2682 # http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-33815049
2684 # From Paul Eggert (2015-08-15):
2687 # http://news.yahoo.com/north-korea-celebrates-time-zone-pyongyang-time-164038128.html
2688 # There is no common English-language abbreviation for this time zone.
2689 # Use KST, as that's what we already use for 1954-1961 in ROK.
2691 # From Kang Seonghoon (2018-04-29):
2695 # From Seo Sanghyeon (2018-04-30):
2696 # Rodong Sinmun 2018-04-30 announced Pyongyang Time transition plan.
2697 # https://www.nknews.org/kcna/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2018/04/rodong-2018-04-30.pdf
2698 # ... the transition date is 2018-05-05 ...  Citation should be Decree
2701 # From Tim Parenti (2018-04-29):
2702 # It appears to be the front page story at the top in the right-most column.
2704 # From Paul Eggert (2018-05-04):
2706 # https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-44010705
2709 Zone	Asia/Seoul	8:27:52	-	LMT	1908 Apr  1
2710 			8:30	-	KST	1912 Jan  1
2711 			9:00	-	JST	1945 Sep  8
2715 Zone	Asia/Pyongyang	8:23:00 -	LMT	1908 Apr  1
2716 			8:30	-	KST	1912 Jan  1
2717 			9:00	-	JST	1945 Aug 24
2718 			9:00	-	KST	2015 Aug 15 00:00
2719 			8:30	-	KST	2018 May  4 23:30
2720 			9:00	-	KST
2725 # From Saadallah Itani (2023-03-23):
2728 # From Paul Eggert (2023-03-27):
2730 # https://www.mtv.com.lb/en/News/Local/1352516/lebanon-postpones-daylight-saving-time-adoption
2736 # The change was controversial and led to a partly-sectarian divide.
2739 # went ahead with the long-scheduled spring-forward on March 25/26, some
2748 # https://www.nna-leb.gov.lb/en/miscellaneous/604093/lebanon-has-two-times-of-day-amid-daylight-sav…
2749 # https://www.cnbc.com/2023/03/27/lebanon-in-two-different-time-zones-as-government-disagrees-on-da…
2753 # computer-based timestamps ignored the announcement, stick with official
2758 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2759 Rule	Lebanon	1920	only	-	Mar	28	0:00	1:00	S
2760 Rule	Lebanon	1920	only	-	Oct	25	0:00	0	-
2761 Rule	Lebanon	1921	only	-	Apr	3	0:00	1:00	S
2762 Rule	Lebanon	1921	only	-	Oct	3	0:00	0	-
2763 Rule	Lebanon	1922	only	-	Mar	26	0:00	1:00	S
2764 Rule	Lebanon	1922	only	-	Oct	8	0:00	0	-
2765 Rule	Lebanon	1923	only	-	Apr	22	0:00	1:00	S
2766 Rule	Lebanon	1923	only	-	Sep	16	0:00	0	-
2767 Rule	Lebanon	1957	1961	-	May	1	0:00	1:00	S
2768 Rule	Lebanon	1957	1961	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	-
2769 Rule	Lebanon	1972	only	-	Jun	22	0:00	1:00	S
2770 Rule	Lebanon	1972	1977	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	-
2771 Rule	Lebanon	1973	1977	-	May	1	0:00	1:00	S
2772 Rule	Lebanon	1978	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	S
2773 Rule	Lebanon	1978	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	-
2774 Rule	Lebanon	1984	1987	-	May	1	0:00	1:00	S
2775 Rule	Lebanon	1984	1991	-	Oct	16	0:00	0	-
2776 Rule	Lebanon	1988	only	-	Jun	1	0:00	1:00	S
2777 Rule	Lebanon	1989	only	-	May	10	0:00	1:00	S
2778 Rule	Lebanon	1990	1992	-	May	1	0:00	1:00	S
2779 Rule	Lebanon	1992	only	-	Oct	4	0:00	0	-
2780 Rule	Lebanon	1993	max	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
2781 Rule	Lebanon	1993	1998	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
2782 Rule	Lebanon	1999	max	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	-
2783 # This one-time rule, announced by the prime minister first for April 21
2785 #Rule	Lebanon	2023	only	-	Mar	30	0:00	1:00	S
2788 Zone	Asia/Beirut	2:22:00 -	LMT	1880
2794 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2795 Rule	NBorneo	1935	1941	-	Sep	14	0:00	0:20	-
2796 Rule	NBorneo	1935	1941	-	Dec	14	0:00	0	-
2801 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12):
2805 Zone Asia/Kuching	7:21:20	-	LMT	1926 Mar
2806 			7:30	-	%z	1933
2808 			9:00	-	%z	1945 Sep 12
2809 			8:00	-	%z
2813 Zone	Indian/Maldives	4:54:00 -	LMT	1880 # Malé
2814 			4:54:00	-	MMT	1960 # Malé Mean Time
2815 			5:00	-	%z
2820 # The USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World
2821 # (2005-03) both say that it has just one.
2823 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11):
2825 # <http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm> (1999-09)
2827 # Bayan-Ölgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and
2831 # From Rives McDow (1999-12-13):
2840 # From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15):
2843 # the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us,
2847 # From Rives McDow (2001-05-13):
2849 # (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28),
2852 # Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-Ölgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai
2859 # From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17):
2864 # From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17):
2868 # From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
2870 # Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says
2872 # Windows XP as the source.  Risto Nykänen (2005-05-16) reports that
2874 # Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in
2879 # (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones.
2886 # From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26):
2887 # Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February.
2888 # They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time....
2891 # From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30):
2902 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31):
2909 # about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the
2910 # direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khovd takes 2 hours in the Eastern
2915 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
2918 # From Heitor David Pinto (2024-06-23):
2922 # of Bayan-Ölgii, Khovd and Uvs in UTC+7, and the rest of the country in
2924 # 2001, lists Bayan-Ölgii, Khovd, Uvs, Govi-Altai and Zavkhan in UTC+7, Dornod
2936 # (Dornod) and Altai (Govi-Altai) are in the same time zone as Ulaanbaatar,
2942 # https://ais.mn/files/aip/eAIP/2023-12-25/html/eSUP/ZM-eSUP-23-04-en-MN.html
2949 # From Ganbold Tsagaankhuu (2015-03-10):
2956 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2957 Rule	Mongol	1983	1984	-	Apr	1	0:00	1:00	-
2958 Rule	Mongol	1983	only	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	-
2961 # (1996-09) says 1996-10-25.  Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998.
2970 # From Ganbold Tsagaankhuu (2017-02-09):
2974 Rule	Mongol	1985	1998	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00	1:00	-
2975 Rule	Mongol	1984	1998	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	-
2976 # IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST.
2977 Rule	Mongol	2001	only	-	Apr	lastSat	2:00	1:00	-
2978 Rule	Mongol	2001	2006	-	Sep	lastSat	2:00	0	-
2979 Rule	Mongol	2002	2006	-	Mar	lastSat	2:00	1:00	-
2980 Rule	Mongol	2015	2016	-	Mar	lastSat	2:00	1:00	-
2981 Rule	Mongol	2015	2016	-	Sep	lastSat	0:00	0	-
2984 # Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta
2985 Zone	Asia/Hovd	6:06:36 -	LMT	1905 Aug
2986 			6:00	-	%z	1978
2989 Zone	Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 -	LMT	1905 Aug
2990 			7:00	-	%z	1978
2995 Zone	Asia/Kathmandu	5:41:16 -	LMT	1920
2996 			5:30	-	%z	1986
2997 			5:45	-	%z
3001 # From Rives McDow (2002-03-13):
3008 # From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15):
3011 # (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to
3014 # 15th October each year".  This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00,
3018 # transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02.
3020 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09):
3021 # DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05
3024 # From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14):
3036 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15):
3046 # http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008\05\15\story_15-5-2008_pg1_4
3048 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
3049 # XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess.
3051 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28):
3052 # Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced
3053 # for another 2 months - plan to return to Standard Time on October 31
3059 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08):
3066 # recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to
3069 # FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan
3080 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17):
3088 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28):
3089 # According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that
3097 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29):
3111 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html
3113 # From Christoph Göhre (2009-10-01):
3117 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-26):
3119 # > On Thursday (2010-03-25) it was announced that DST would start in
3120 # > Pakistan on 2010-04-01.
3124 # > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but
3129 # http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041
3134 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3135 Rule Pakistan	2002	only	-	Apr	Sun>=2	0:00	1:00	S
3136 Rule Pakistan	2002	only	-	Oct	Sun>=2	0:00	0	-
3137 Rule Pakistan	2008	only	-	Jun	1	0:00	1:00	S
3138 Rule Pakistan	2008	2009	-	Nov	1	0:00	0	-
3139 Rule Pakistan	2009	only	-	Apr	15	0:00	1:00	S
3142 Zone	Asia/Karachi	4:28:12 -	LMT	1907
3143 			5:30	-	%z	1942 Sep
3145 			5:30	-	%z	1951 Sep 30
3146 			5:00	-	%z	1971 Mar 26
3151 # From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15):
3153 # From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now
3157 # The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05
3158 # (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no
3165 # Trans-Jordan").  So the rules for Jordan for that time apply.  Major
3166 # towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and
3172 # of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer
3184 # Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996-
3185 # ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------
3193 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
3204 # From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time,
3209 # one-hour forward at this time.  As a sign of independence from Israeli rule,
3212 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
3214 # http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html
3215 # (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that
3216 # the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15.
3221 # From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):
3224 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
3228 # earlier - the same goes for Jordan.
3230 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
3238 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26):
3239 # according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19):
3247 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-09-18):
3251 # From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20):
3258 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28):
3268 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26):
3279 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31):
3281 # winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04.
3285 # (Palestinian press agency, Arabic),
3293 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html
3295 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02):
3306 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-19):
3315 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-24):
3325 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11):
3328 # the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in
3331 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html
3333 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26):
3335 # August, and will now enter daylight saving time again on 2011-08-30
3341 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html
3343 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27):
3349 # the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..."
3355 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-09-30):
3356 # West Bank did end Daylight Saving Time this morning/midnight (2011-09-30
3363 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26):
3365 # on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00).
3369 # http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/بدء-التوقيت-الصيفي-بالضفة-وغزة-ليلة-الجمعة.html
3372 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html
3374 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26):
3379 # http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/رام-الله-بدء-التوقيت-الصيفي-29-الجاري.html
3381 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-24):
3383 # (2013-09-27 00:00:00) (one hour earlier than last year...).
3390 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-03-03):
3393 # start DST on 2015-03-28 00:00 which is one day later than expected.
3395 # From Paul Eggert (2015-03-03):
3396 # https://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/west-bank/ramallah?year=2014
3399 # From Hannah Kreitem (2016-03-09):
3403 # 2016-03-26, to provide the clock 60 minutes ahead."
3405 # From Sharef Mustafa (2016-10-19):
3410 # From Sharef Mustafa (2018-03-16):
3412 # http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/Website/AR/NDecrees/ViewFile.ashx?ID=e7a42ab7-ee23-435a-b9c8-a…
3414 # From Even Scharning (2019-03-23):
3418 # From Sharif Mustafa (2019-03-26):
3421 # http://palestinecabinet.gov.ps/Website/AR/NDecrees/ViewFile.ashx?ID=e54e9ea1-50ee-4137-84df-0d6c7…
3423 # From Even Scharning (2019-04-10):
3426 # From Sharef Mustafa (2019-10-18):
3429 # From Steffen Thorsen (2020-10-20):
3434 # From Tim Parenti (2020-10-20):
3435 # The report of the Palestinian Cabinet meeting of 2019-10-14 confirms
3441 # From Sharef Mustafa (2020-10-20):
3446 # From Pierre Cashon (2020-10-20):
3454 # From P Chan (2021-10-18):
3456 # Palestine winter time will start from midnight 2021-10-29 (Thursday-Friday).
3458 # From Heba Hemad, Palestine Ministry of Telecom & IT (2021-10-20):
3459 # ... winter time will begin in Palestine from Friday 10-29, 01:00 AM
3462 # From Tim Parenti (2021-10-25), per Paul Eggert (2021-10-24):
3466 # From Heba Hamad (2022-03-10):
3467 # summer time will begin in Palestine from Sunday 03-27-2022, 00:00 AM.
3469 # From Heba Hamad (2022-08-30):
3470 # winter time will begin in Palestine from Saturday 10-29, 02:00 AM by
3473 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/attachments/20220830/9f024566/Time-0001.pdf
3474 # (2022-08-31): ... the Saturday before the last Sunday in March and October
3476 # (2022-09-05): https://mtit.pna.ps/Site/New/1453
3478 # From Heba Hamad (2023-03-22):
3479 # ... summer time will begin in Palestine from Saturday 04-29-2023,
3481 # From Heba Hemad (2023-10-09):
3482 # ... winter time will begin in Palestine from Saturday 10-28-2023,
3485 # From Heba Hamad (2024-01-25):
3489 # 2024 2024-04-20
3490 # 2025 2025-04-12
3492 # From Paul Eggert (2024-01-25):
3497 # if the normal spring-forward or fall-back transition occurs during
3499 # To implement this, I predicted Ramadan-oriented transition dates for
3504 # (let ((islamic-year 1447))
3505 #   (require 'cal-islam)
3506 #   (while (< islamic-year 1510)
3507 #     (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year)))
3508 #           (b (+ 1 (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year))))
3510 #       (while (/= saturday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7)))
3514 #       (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a))
3515 #       (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b))
3518 #         (concat "Rule Palestine\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t2:00\t0\t-\n"
3519 #                 "Rule Palestine\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t2:00\t1:00\tS\n")
3520 #         (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a))
3521 #         (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b)))))
3522 #     (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year))))
3524 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3525 Rule EgyptAsia	1957	only	-	May	10	0:00	1:00	S
3526 Rule EgyptAsia	1957	1958	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
3527 Rule EgyptAsia	1958	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	S
3528 Rule EgyptAsia	1959	1967	-	May	 1	1:00	1:00	S
3529 Rule EgyptAsia	1959	1965	-	Sep	30	3:00	0	-
3530 Rule EgyptAsia	1966	only	-	Oct	 1	3:00	0	-
3532 Rule Palestine	1999	2005	-	Apr	Fri>=15	0:00	1:00	S
3533 Rule Palestine	1999	2003	-	Oct	Fri>=15	0:00	0	-
3534 Rule Palestine	2004	only	-	Oct	 1	1:00	0	-
3535 Rule Palestine	2005	only	-	Oct	 4	2:00	0	-
3536 Rule Palestine	2006	2007	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
3537 Rule Palestine	2006	only	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	-
3538 Rule Palestine	2007	only	-	Sep	13	2:00	0	-
3539 Rule Palestine	2008	2009	-	Mar	lastFri	0:00	1:00	S
3540 Rule Palestine	2008	only	-	Sep	 1	0:00	0	-
3541 Rule Palestine	2009	only	-	Sep	 4	1:00	0	-
3542 Rule Palestine	2010	only	-	Mar	26	0:00	1:00	S
3543 Rule Palestine	2010	only	-	Aug	11	0:00	0	-
3544 Rule Palestine	2011	only	-	Apr	 1	0:01	1:00	S
3545 Rule Palestine	2011	only	-	Aug	 1	0:00	0	-
3546 Rule Palestine	2011	only	-	Aug	30	0:00	1:00	S
3547 Rule Palestine	2011	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	-
3548 Rule Palestine	2012	2014	-	Mar	lastThu	24:00	1:00	S
3549 Rule Palestine	2012	only	-	Sep	21	1:00	0	-
3550 Rule Palestine	2013	only	-	Sep	27	0:00	0	-
3551 Rule Palestine	2014	only	-	Oct	24	0:00	0	-
3552 Rule Palestine	2015	only	-	Mar	28	0:00	1:00	S
3553 Rule Palestine	2015	only	-	Oct	23	1:00	0	-
3554 Rule Palestine	2016	2018	-	Mar	Sat<=30	1:00	1:00	S
3555 Rule Palestine	2016	2018	-	Oct	Sat<=30	1:00	0	-
3556 Rule Palestine	2019	only	-	Mar	29	0:00	1:00	S
3557 Rule Palestine	2019	only	-	Oct	Sat<=30	0:00	0	-
3558 Rule Palestine	2020	2021	-	Mar	Sat<=30	0:00	1:00	S
3559 Rule Palestine	2020	only	-	Oct	24	1:00	0	-
3560 Rule Palestine	2021	only	-	Oct	29	1:00	0	-
3561 Rule Palestine	2022	only	-	Mar	27	0:00	1:00	S
3562 Rule Palestine	2022	2035	-	Oct	Sat<=30	2:00	0	-
3563 Rule Palestine	2023	only	-	Apr	29	2:00	1:00	S
3564 Rule Palestine	2024	only	-	Apr	20	2:00	1:00	S
3565 Rule Palestine	2025	only	-	Apr	12	2:00	1:00	S
3566 Rule Palestine	2026	2054	-	Mar	Sat<=30	2:00	1:00	S
3567 Rule Palestine	2036	only	-	Oct	18	2:00	0	-
3568 Rule Palestine	2037	only	-	Oct	10	2:00	0	-
3569 Rule Palestine	2038	only	-	Sep	25	2:00	0	-
3570 Rule Palestine	2039	only	-	Sep	17	2:00	0	-
3571 Rule Palestine	2040	only	-	Sep	 1	2:00	0	-
3572 Rule Palestine	2040	only	-	Oct	20	2:00	1:00	S
3573 Rule Palestine	2040	2067	-	Oct	Sat<=30	2:00	0	-
3574 Rule Palestine	2041	only	-	Aug	24	2:00	0	-
3575 Rule Palestine	2041	only	-	Oct	 5	2:00	1:00	S
3576 Rule Palestine	2042	only	-	Aug	16	2:00	0	-
3577 Rule Palestine	2042	only	-	Sep	27	2:00	1:00	S
3578 Rule Palestine	2043	only	-	Aug	 1	2:00	0	-
3579 Rule Palestine	2043	only	-	Sep	19	2:00	1:00	S
3580 Rule Palestine	2044	only	-	Jul	23	2:00	0	-
3581 Rule Palestine	2044	only	-	Sep	 3	2:00	1:00	S
3582 Rule Palestine	2045	only	-	Jul	15	2:00	0	-
3583 Rule Palestine	2045	only	-	Aug	26	2:00	1:00	S
3584 Rule Palestine	2046	only	-	Jun	30	2:00	0	-
3585 Rule Palestine	2046	only	-	Aug	18	2:00	1:00	S
3586 Rule Palestine	2047	only	-	Jun	22	2:00	0	-
3587 Rule Palestine	2047	only	-	Aug	 3	2:00	1:00	S
3588 Rule Palestine	2048	only	-	Jun	 6	2:00	0	-
3589 Rule Palestine	2048	only	-	Jul	25	2:00	1:00	S
3590 Rule Palestine	2049	only	-	May	29	2:00	0	-
3591 Rule Palestine	2049	only	-	Jul	10	2:00	1:00	S
3592 Rule Palestine	2050	only	-	May	21	2:00	0	-
3593 Rule Palestine	2050	only	-	Jul	 2	2:00	1:00	S
3594 Rule Palestine	2051	only	-	May	 6	2:00	0	-
3595 Rule Palestine	2051	only	-	Jun	24	2:00	1:00	S
3596 Rule Palestine	2052	only	-	Apr	27	2:00	0	-
3597 Rule Palestine	2052	only	-	Jun	 8	2:00	1:00	S
3598 Rule Palestine	2053	only	-	Apr	12	2:00	0	-
3599 Rule Palestine	2053	only	-	May	31	2:00	1:00	S
3600 Rule Palestine	2054	only	-	Apr	 4	2:00	0	-
3601 Rule Palestine	2054	only	-	May	23	2:00	1:00	S
3602 Rule Palestine	2055	only	-	May	 8	2:00	1:00	S
3603 Rule Palestine	2056	only	-	Apr	29	2:00	1:00	S
3604 Rule Palestine	2057	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	S
3605 Rule Palestine	2058	only	-	Apr	 6	2:00	1:00	S
3606 Rule Palestine	2059	max	-	Mar	Sat<=30	2:00	1:00	S
3607 Rule Palestine	2068	only	-	Oct	20	2:00	0	-
3608 Rule Palestine	2069	only	-	Oct	12	2:00	0	-
3609 Rule Palestine	2070	only	-	Oct	 4	2:00	0	-
3610 Rule Palestine	2071	only	-	Sep	19	2:00	0	-
3611 Rule Palestine	2072	only	-	Sep	10	2:00	0	-
3612 Rule Palestine	2072	only	-	Oct	22	2:00	1:00	S
3613 Rule Palestine	2072	max	-	Oct	Sat<=30	2:00	0	-
3614 Rule Palestine	2073	only	-	Sep	 2	2:00	0	-
3615 Rule Palestine	2073	only	-	Oct	14	2:00	1:00	S
3616 Rule Palestine	2074	only	-	Aug	18	2:00	0	-
3617 Rule Palestine	2074	only	-	Oct	 6	2:00	1:00	S
3618 Rule Palestine	2075	only	-	Aug	10	2:00	0	-
3619 Rule Palestine	2075	only	-	Sep	21	2:00	1:00	S
3620 Rule Palestine	2076	only	-	Jul	25	2:00	0	-
3621 Rule Palestine	2076	only	-	Sep	12	2:00	1:00	S
3622 Rule Palestine	2077	only	-	Jul	17	2:00	0	-
3623 Rule Palestine	2077	only	-	Sep	 4	2:00	1:00	S
3624 Rule Palestine	2078	only	-	Jul	 9	2:00	0	-
3625 Rule Palestine	2078	only	-	Aug	20	2:00	1:00	S
3626 Rule Palestine	2079	only	-	Jun	24	2:00	0	-
3627 Rule Palestine	2079	only	-	Aug	12	2:00	1:00	S
3628 Rule Palestine	2080	only	-	Jun	15	2:00	0	-
3629 Rule Palestine	2080	only	-	Jul	27	2:00	1:00	S
3630 Rule Palestine	2081	only	-	Jun	 7	2:00	0	-
3631 Rule Palestine	2081	only	-	Jul	19	2:00	1:00	S
3632 Rule Palestine	2082	only	-	May	23	2:00	0	-
3633 Rule Palestine	2082	only	-	Jul	11	2:00	1:00	S
3634 Rule Palestine	2083	only	-	May	15	2:00	0	-
3635 Rule Palestine	2083	only	-	Jun	26	2:00	1:00	S
3636 Rule Palestine	2084	only	-	Apr	29	2:00	0	-
3637 Rule Palestine	2084	only	-	Jun	17	2:00	1:00	S
3638 Rule Palestine	2085	only	-	Apr	21	2:00	0	-
3639 Rule Palestine	2085	only	-	Jun	 9	2:00	1:00	S
3640 Rule Palestine	2086	only	-	Apr	13	2:00	0	-
3641 Rule Palestine	2086	only	-	May	25	2:00	1:00	S
3644 Zone	Asia/Gaza	2:17:52	-	LMT	1900 Oct
3650 			2:00	-	EET	2008 Sep
3652 			2:00	-	EET	2010 Mar 27  0:01
3654 			2:00	-	EET	2012
3657 Zone	Asia/Hebron	2:20:23	-	LMT	1900 Oct
3669 # From Paul Eggert (2024-01-21):
3670 # The Spanish initially used American (west-of-Greenwich) time.
3672 # 1762-10-06 through 1764-04; for now assume it kept American time.
3673 # On 1844-08-16, Narciso Clavería, governor-general of the
3674 # Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to
3675 # be immediately followed by 1845-01-01; see R.H. van Gent's
3679 # From P Chan (2021-05-10):
3682 # (2021-05-16):
3686 # 1936-10-31 24:00 to 1937-01-15 24:00
3688 # 1941-12-15 24:00 to 1945-11-30 24:00
3690 # 1954-04-11 24:00 to 1954-06-04 24:00
3692 # 1977-03-27 24:00 to 1977-09-21 24:00
3694 # 1990-05-21 00:00 to 1990-07-28 24:00
3698 #  https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1936/10/30/proclamation-no-104-s-1936/
3700 #  https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1937/01/15/proclamation-no-126-s-1937/
3702 #  https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1941/12/13/proclamation-no-789-s-1941/
3704 #  https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1945/11/11/proclamation-no-20-s-1945/
3706 #  https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1954/04/06/proclamation-no-13-s-1954/
3708 #  https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1954/06/03/proclamation-no-33-s-1954/
3710 #  https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1977/03/25/proclamation-no-1629-s-1977/
3712 #  https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1977/05/26/proclamation-no-1641-s-1977/
3714 #  https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1990/05/02/national-emergency-memorandum-order-no-17-s-1990/
3716 #  https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1990/07/20/executive-order-no-415-s-1990/
3722 # For the date of the adoption of standard time, Shank[s] gives 1899-05-11.
3725 #	https://books.google.com/books?id=JZ1PAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA3-PA8
3728 # 1899-09-06.  Also, the LMT was GMT+8:03:52
3732 # From Paul Eggert (2024-09-05):
3735 # Proc Pan-Pacific Science Congress. Vol. 1 (1923), 519-532.
3743 # From Paul Goyette (2018-06-15) with URLs updated by Guy Harris (2024-02-15):
3749 # [1] https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/05/15/republic-act-no-10535/
3750 # [2] https://prsd.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/index.php/28-astronomy/302-philippine-standard-time
3752 # From Paul Eggert (2018-06-19):
3754 # more popular among reliable English-language news sources.  This is
3759 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3760 Rule	Phil	1936	only	-	Oct	31	24:00	1:00	D
3761 Rule	Phil	1937	only	-	Jan	15	24:00	0	S
3762 Rule	Phil	1941	only	-	Dec	15	24:00	1:00	D
3764 #Rule	Phil	1942	only	-	Jan	31	24:00	0	S
3765 #Rule	Phil	1942	only	-	Mar	 1	 0:00	1:00	D
3766 #Rule	Phil	1942	only	-	Jun	30	24:00	0	S
3767 Rule	Phil	1945	only	-	Nov	30	24:00	0	S
3768 Rule	Phil	1954	only	-	Apr	11	24:00	1:00	D
3769 Rule	Phil	1954	only	-	Jun	 4	24:00	0	S
3770 Rule	Phil	1977	only	-	Mar	27	24:00	1:00	D
3771 Rule	Phil	1977	only	-	Sep	21	24:00	0	S
3772 Rule	Phil	1990	only	-	May	21	 0:00	1:00	D
3773 Rule	Phil	1990	only	-	Jul	28	24:00	0	S
3775 Zone	Asia/Manila	-15:56:08 -	LMT	1844 Dec 31
3776 			8:03:52 -	LMT	1899 Sep  6  4:00u
3778 			9:00	-	JST	1945 Mar  4
3784 Zone	Asia/Qatar	3:26:08 -	LMT	1920     # Al Dawhah / Doha
3785 			4:00	-	%z	1972 Jun
3786 			3:00	-	%z
3792 # Japan's year-round bases in Antarctica match this since 1970.
3794 # From Paul Eggert (2018-08-29):
3798 # modern times", New York Times (1961-04-09), p 20, wrote that only airlines
3799 # observed standard time, and that people in Jeddah mostly observed quasi-solar
3805 # practice had been to set one's watch to 12:00 (i.e., midnight) at sunset -
3807 # the time on the other side - many foreigners set their watches to 6pm
3809 # used UTC +04), Aramco used UTC +03 with DST, and the Trans-Arabian Pipe Line
3817 # Antar E. Dinner at When? Saudi Aramco World, 1969 March/April. 2-3.
3820 # Port Angeles (WA) Evening News. 1965-03-10. page 3.
3822 # The TZ database cannot represent quasi-solar time; airline time is the best
3825 # a weekly Dhahran-Cairo service, via the Saudi Arabian cities of Riyadh and
3829 # Shanks & Pottenger also state that until 1968-05-01 Saudi Arabia had two
3835 Zone	Asia/Riyadh	3:06:52 -	LMT	1947 Mar 14
3836 			3:00	-	%z
3839 # taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
3842 Zone	Asia/Singapore	6:55:25 -	LMT	1901 Jan  1
3843 			6:55:25	-	SMT	1905 Jun  1 # Singapore M.T.
3844 			7:00	-	%z	1933 Jan  1
3846 			7:20	-	%z	1941 Sep  1
3847 			7:30	-	%z	1942 Feb 16
3848 			9:00	-	%z	1945 Sep 12
3849 			7:30	-	%z	1981 Dec 31 16:00u
3850 			8:00	-	%z
3857 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
3863 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
3865 # (<http://www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html>, 1996-05-24,
3866 # no longer available as of 1999-08-17)
3870 # From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted
3871 # by Shamindra in Daily News - Hot News Section
3872 # <news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net> (1996-10-26):
3876 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online
3877 # <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13):
3881 # From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in:
3882 …newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILAN…
3886 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18):
3890 # From Sadika Sumanapala (2016-10-19):
3895 # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-18):
3901 # other English-language news sources.  Our old abbreviation "LKT" is
3906 Zone	Asia/Colombo	5:19:24 -	LMT	1880
3907 			5:19:32	-	MMT	1906        # Moratuwa Mean Time
3908 			5:30	-	%z	1942 Jan  5
3911 			5:30	-	%z	1996 May 25  0:00
3912 			6:30	-	%z	1996 Oct 26  0:30
3913 			6:00	-	%z	2006 Apr 15  0:30
3914 			5:30	-	%z
3917 # Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3918 Rule	Syria	1920	1923	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	S
3919 Rule	Syria	1920	1923	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00	0	-
3920 Rule	Syria	1962	only	-	Apr	29	2:00	1:00	S
3921 Rule	Syria	1962	only	-	Oct	1	2:00	0	-
3922 Rule	Syria	1963	1965	-	May	1	2:00	1:00	S
3923 Rule	Syria	1963	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	-
3924 Rule	Syria	1964	only	-	Oct	1	2:00	0	-
3925 Rule	Syria	1965	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	-
3926 Rule	Syria	1966	only	-	Apr	24	2:00	1:00	S
3927 Rule	Syria	1966	1976	-	Oct	1	2:00	0	-
3928 Rule	Syria	1967	1978	-	May	1	2:00	1:00	S
3929 Rule	Syria	1977	1978	-	Sep	1	2:00	0	-
3930 Rule	Syria	1983	1984	-	Apr	9	2:00	1:00	S
3931 Rule	Syria	1983	1984	-	Oct	1	2:00	0	-
3932 Rule	Syria	1986	only	-	Feb	16	2:00	1:00	S
3933 Rule	Syria	1986	only	-	Oct	9	2:00	0	-
3934 Rule	Syria	1987	only	-	Mar	1	2:00	1:00	S
3935 Rule	Syria	1987	1988	-	Oct	31	2:00	0	-
3936 Rule	Syria	1988	only	-	Mar	15	2:00	1:00	S
3937 Rule	Syria	1989	only	-	Mar	31	2:00	1:00	S
3938 Rule	Syria	1989	only	-	Oct	1	2:00	0	-
3939 Rule	Syria	1990	only	-	Apr	1	2:00	1:00	S
3940 Rule	Syria	1990	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	-
3941 Rule	Syria	1991	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
3942 Rule	Syria	1991	1992	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
3943 Rule	Syria	1992	only	-	Apr	 8	0:00	1:00	S
3944 Rule	Syria	1993	only	-	Mar	26	0:00	1:00	S
3945 Rule	Syria	1993	only	-	Sep	25	0:00	0	-
3946 # IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02;
3947 # (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02,
3948 # 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31;
3949 # (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22;
3951 # except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan).
3952 Rule	Syria	1994	1996	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
3953 Rule	Syria	1994	2005	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
3954 Rule	Syria	1997	1998	-	Mar	lastMon	0:00	1:00	S
3955 Rule	Syria	1999	2006	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	S
3956 # From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18):
3959 Rule	Syria	2006	only	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	-
3960 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29):
3962 # http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php
3963 Rule	Syria	2007	only	-	Mar	lastFri	0:00	1:00	S
3964 # From Jesper Nørgaard (2007-10-27):
3972 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27):
3978 # I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic):
3985 Rule	Syria	2007	only	-	Nov	 Fri>=1	0:00	0	-
3987 # From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17):
3990 # Country     Time Standard   --- DST Start ---   --- DST End ---  DST
3998 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17):
3999 # Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News
4008 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18):
4014 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07):
4015 # Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year,
4019 # winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting
4024 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19):
4025 # Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources,
4031 # (Arabic, gov-site)
4036 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html
4038 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27):
4039 # The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will
4041 # 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30:
4044 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28):
4049 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-17):
4050 # The "Syrian News Station" reported on 2010-03-16 that the Council of
4052 # 2010-04-01: (midnight between Thursday and Friday):
4055 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26):
4063 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html
4065 # From Steffen Thorsen (2022-10-05):
4066 # Syria is adopting year-round DST, starting this autumn....
4071 # From Paul Eggert (2022-10-05):
4073 # (non-DST) at the point where DST would otherwise have ended.
4075 Rule	Syria	2008	only	-	Apr	Fri>=1	0:00	1:00	S
4076 Rule	Syria	2008	only	-	Nov	1	0:00	0	-
4077 Rule	Syria	2009	only	-	Mar	lastFri	0:00	1:00	S
4078 Rule	Syria	2010	2011	-	Apr	Fri>=1	0:00	1:00	S
4079 Rule	Syria	2012	2022	-	Mar	lastFri	0:00	1:00	S
4080 Rule	Syria	2009	2022	-	Oct	lastFri	0:00	0	-
4083 Zone	Asia/Damascus	2:25:12 -	LMT	1920 # Dimashq
4085 			3:00	-	%z
4090 Zone	Asia/Dushanbe	4:35:12 -	LMT	1924 May  2
4091 			5:00	-	%z	1930 Jun 21
4094 			5:00	-	%z
4102 Zone	Asia/Bangkok	6:42:04	-	LMT	1880
4103 			6:42:04	-	BMT	1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time
4104 			7:00	-	%z
4109 Zone	Asia/Ashgabat	3:53:32 -	LMT	1924 May  2 # or Ashkhabad
4110 			4:00	-	%z	1930 Jun 21
4113 			5:00	-	%z
4122 Zone	Asia/Dubai	3:41:12 -	LMT	1920
4123 			4:00	-	%z
4128 Zone	Asia/Samarkand	4:27:53 -	LMT	1924 May  2
4129 			4:00	-	%z	1930 Jun 21
4130 			5:00	-	%z	1981 Apr  1
4132 			6:00	-	%z	1982 Apr  1
4134 			5:00	-	%z
4137 Zone	Asia/Tashkent	4:37:11 -	LMT	1924 May  2
4138 			5:00	-	%z	1930 Jun 21
4141 			5:00	-	%z
4145 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-04):
4151 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18):
4152 # The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Minh
4155 # From Paul Eggert (2024-01-14) after a 2014 heads-up from Trần Ngọc Quân
4156 # and a 2024-01-14 heads-up from Đoàn Trần Công Danh:
4157 # Trần Tiến Bình's authoritative book "Lịch Việt Nam: thế kỷ XX-XXI (1901-2100)"
4158 # (Nhà xuất bản Văn Hoá - Thông Tin, Hanoi, 2005), pp 49-50,
4162 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021654.html
4169 # 07:06:30.1333... to 07:06:30.13 as the legal spec used 66 2/3 ms precision.
4170 # which is used below even though the modern-day Phù Liễn Observatory
4175 # To 07:00 on 1911-05-01.
4176 # To 08:00 on 1942-12-31 at 23:00.
4177 # To 09:00 on 1945-03-14 at 23:00.
4178 # To 07:00 on 1945-09-02 in Vietnam.
4179 # To 08:00 on 1947-04-01 in French-controlled Indochina.
4180 # To 07:00 on 1955-07-01 in South Vietnam.
4181 # To 08:00 on 1959-12-31 at 23:00 in South Vietnam.
4182 # To 07:00 on 1975-06-13 in South Vietnam.
4189 #   Lê Thành Lân: "Lịch và niên biểu lịch sử hai mươi thế kỷ (0001-2010)",
4192 #   Lê Thành Lân: "Lịch hai thế kỷ (1802-2010) và các lịch vĩnh cửu",
4196 # Võ Nguyên Giáp, Việt Nam Dân Quốc Công Báo, No. 1 (1945-09-29), page 13
4197 # http://baochi.nlv.gov.vn/baochi/cgi-bin/baochi?a=d&d=JwvzO19450929.2.5&dliv=none
4198 # It says that on 1945-09-01 at 24:00, Vietnam moved back two hours, to +07.
4199 # It also mentions a 1945-03-29 decree (by a Japanese Governor-General)
4204 # Ngô Đình Diệm, Công Báo Việt Nam, No. 92 (1955-07-02), page 1780-1781
4205 # Ordinance (Dụ) No. 46 (1955-06-25)
4206 # http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/32341#?c=0&m=29&s=0&cv=4&r=0&xywh=-89%2C342%2C1724%2C1216
4207 # It says that on 1955-07-01 at 01:00, South Vietnam moved back 1 hour (to +07).
4210 # Ngô Đình Diệm, Công Báo Việt Nam Cộng Hòa, 1960 part 1 (1960-01-02), page 62
4211 # Decree (Sắc lệnh) No. 362-TTP (1959-12-30)
4212 # http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/32341#?c=0&m=138&s=0&cv=793&r=0&xywh=-54%2C1504%2C1705%2C1202
4213 # It says that on 1959-12-31 at 23:00, South Vietnam moved forward 1 hour (to +08).
4218 Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh	7:06:30 -	LMT	1906 Jul  1
4219 			7:06:30	-	PLMT	1911 May  1 # Phù Liễn MT
4220 			7:00	-	%z	1942 Dec 31 23:00
4221 			8:00	-	%z	1945 Mar 14 23:00
4222 			9:00	-	%z	1945 Sep  1 24:00
4223 			7:00	-	%z	1947 Apr  1
4224 			8:00	-	%z	1955 Jul  1 01:00
4225 			7:00	-	%z	1959 Dec 31 23:00
4226 			8:00	-	%z	1975 Jun 13
4227 			7:00	-	%z
4229 # From Paul Eggert (2019-02-19):
4232 # Vietnam since 1975-06-13.  Presumably clocks often changed in south Vietnam