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3 .\" Copyright 2018-2023,2024 Thomas E. Dickey *
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32 .TH curs_terminfo 3X 2024-04-13 "ncurses @NCURSES_MAJOR@.@NCURSES_MINOR@" "Library calls"
67 \fB\%vidputs\fP \-
68 \fIcurses\fR interfaces to \fI\%term\%info\fR database
105 \fBint tigetflag(const char *\fIcap-code\fP);
106 \fBint tigetnum(const char *\fIcap-code\fP);
107 \fBchar *tigetstr(const char *\fIcap-code\fP);
119 These low-level functions must be called by programs that deal directly
122 database to handle certain terminal capabilities,
130 multibyte character strings such as UTF-8.
135 they are strings of 8-bit characters.
139 The high-level
141 functions \fB\%initscr\fP and \fB\%newterm\fP call \fB\%setupterm\fP to
142 initialize the low-level set of terminal-dependent variables listed in
196 Parameterized strings should be passed through \fB\%tparm\fP to
202 should be sent to the terminal device with \fB\%tputs\fP or
204 Call \fB\%reset_shell_mode\fP to restore the terminal modes before
248 Higher-level applications use \fB\%newterm\fP(3X) to initialize the
260 points to an optional location where an error status can be returned to
269 and stores a status value in the integer pointed to by
303 applications to run.
311 .B \-1
331 which uses all the defaults and sends the output to
338 structure pointed to by the global variable \fB\%cur_term\fP.
343 making it not available to applications.
352 \fB\%set_curterm\fP sets \fB\%cur_term\fP to
362 \fB\%del_curterm\fP frees the space pointed to by
369 references to any of the
373 and string variables thereafter may refer to invalid memory locations
376 \fB\%restartterm\fP is similar to \fB\%setupterm\fP and \fB\%initscr\fP,
377 except that it is called after restoring memory to a previous state
393 A pointer is returned to the result of
413 The capability string is null-terminated.
418 rather than a fixed-parameter list.
426 Two extensions are provided as alternatives to deal with untrusted data.
430 because it allows the developer to tell the
432 library how many parameters to expect in the parameter list,
436 (up to 9)
441 The extension \fB\%tiscan_s\fP allows the application to inspect a
442 formatting capability to see what the
456 \fB\%tputs\fP interprets time-delay information in the string
474 which happens to share these function names with the
486 .IR \%putchar -like
487 function to which the characters are passed,
490 If \fB\%tputs\fP processes a time-delay,
498 The output of \fB\%putp\fP always goes to
508 The characters are passed to the
509 .IR \%putchar -like
519 correspond to
524 They use multiple parameters to represent the character attributes and
551 \fB\%mvcur\fP provides low-level cursor motion.
554 Unlike the other low-level output functions,
555 which either write to the standard output or pass an output function
560 While \fB\%putp\fP and \fB\%mvcur\fP are low-level functions that do not
561 use high-level
573 and \fB\%tigetstr\fP return the value of the capability corresponding to
576 .IR cap-code ,
579 passed to them.
581 .I cap-code
583 .I cap-code
586 These functions return special values to denote errors.
590 .B \-1
592 .I cap-code
601 .B \-2
603 .I cap-code
607 .B \-1
612 .B "(char *)\-1"
614 .I cap-code
622 These null-terminated arrays contain
644 Each successful call to \fB\%setupterm\fP allocates memory to hold the
647 it sets \fB\%cur_term\fP to point to this memory.
661 variables [a-z].
681 The higher-level \fB\%initscr\fP and \fB\%newterm\fP functions use
684 but it is possible to do that using the \fB\%delscreen\fP(3X) function.
699 fails if the associated call to \fB\%setupterm\fP returns an error.
736 wide-character API were developed,
737 and unlike the other wide-character functions,
738 is also provided in the non-wide-character configuration.
754 to be a pointer to
763 non-portable.
801 \fB\%setupterm\fP copies the terminal name to the array \fB\%ttytype\fP.
811 .RB \%\*(`` "@TIC@ \-x" \*('',
815 passed to \fB\%setupterm\fP from \fB\%initscr\fP or \fB\%newterm\fP uses
817 and would write to the corresponding stream.
818 In addition to the limitation that the terminal was left in
819 block-buffered mode on exit
824 did not allow a reliable way to clean up on receiving
830 Some of the low-level functions described in this manual page write
832 They are not signal-safe.
833 The high-level functions in
847 sometimes applying it needlessly to values that are already constant,
851 .IR \%const -qualified
852 parameters to functions that do not declare them
859 this implementation can be configured to change the function prototypes
872 but can be configured to use the fixed-parameter list.
876 In response to review comments by Thomas E. Dickey,
877 X/Open Curses Issue 7 proposed the \fB\%tiparm\fP function in mid-2009.
880 the older form is only available as a build-time configuration option.
886 Most of the calls to \fB\%tparm\fP use only one or two parameters.
891 for the numeric parameter type is a workaround to make the parameter use
893 That approach dates back to the mid-1980s,
897 (and pointers are not required to fit in a
919 If configured to use the terminal driver,
920 .\" XXX: as opposed to the Unix terminal driver, termio(s)?
936 A generic terminal is unsuitable for full-screen applications.
939 the windows console driver by checking if \fB$TERM\fP is set to
948 We have chosen to implement the X/Open Curses semantics.
986 \fB\%mvcur\fP to accommodate terminals that lack absolute cursor
990 allows the caller to use \-1 for either or both old coordinates.
991 The \-1 tells
1006 Its programming manual mentioned the following low-level functions.
1013 fixterm restore terminal to \*(``in \fIcurses\fP\*('' state
1016 putp use \fBtputs\fP to send characters via \fIputchar\fP
1017 resetterm set terminal modes to \*(``out of \fIcurses\fP\*(''\
1019 resetty reset terminal flags to stored value
1025 tputs apply padding information to a string
1028 write string to terminal, applying specified attributes
1047 tgoto apply parameters to given capability
1053 Early
1061 by adding functions to retrieve capability values
1104 The latter were needed to support padding,
1105 and to handle capabilities accessed by functions such as \fB\%vidattr\fP
1112 Some changes reflected incremental improvements to the SVr2 library.
1127 Other low-level functions are declared in the