| ccdconfig.8 (d5bd01d2136ab3597c686edfa5b63ba33312c4f8) | ccdconfig.8 (89a7b2b7140aff11a0c927c44f4c573dcc969434) |
|---|---|
| 1.\" $NetBSD: ccdconfig.8,v 1.1.2.1 1995/11/11 02:43:33 thorpej Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1995 Jason R. Thorpe. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. | 1.\" $NetBSD: ccdconfig.8,v 1.1.2.1 1995/11/11 02:43:33 thorpej Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1995 Jason R. Thorpe. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. |
| 14.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 15.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 16.\" This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project 17.\" by Jason R. Thorpe. |
|
| 14.\" 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products 15.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission. 16.\" 17.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 18.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES 19.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. 20.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, 21.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, 22.\" BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; 23.\" LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED 24.\" AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, 25.\" OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 26.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 27.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 28.\" | 18.\" 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products 19.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission. 20.\" 21.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES 23.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. 24.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, 25.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, 26.\" BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; 27.\" LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED 28.\" AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, 29.\" OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 30.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 31.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 32.\" |
| 29.\" $FreeBSD$ 30.\" | |
| 31.Dd July 17, 1995 32.Dt CCDCONFIG 8 | 33.Dd July 17, 1995 34.Dt CCDCONFIG 8 |
| 33.Os | 35.Os NetBSD |
| 34.Sh NAME 35.Nm ccdconfig 36.Nd configuration utility for the concatenated disk driver 37.Sh SYNOPSIS | 36.Sh NAME 37.Nm ccdconfig 38.Nd configuration utility for the concatenated disk driver 39.Sh SYNOPSIS |
| 38.Nm | 40.Nm ccdconfig |
| 39.Op Fl cv 40.Ar ccd 41.Ar ileave 42.Op Ar flags | 41.Op Fl cv 42.Ar ccd 43.Ar ileave 44.Op Ar flags |
| 43.Ar dev ... 44.Nm | 45.Ar dev 46.Op Ar ... 47.Nm ccdconfig |
| 45.Fl C 46.Op Fl v 47.Op Fl f Ar config_file | 48.Fl C 49.Op Fl v 50.Op Fl f Ar config_file |
| 48.Nm | 51.Nm ccdconfig |
| 49.Fl u 50.Op Fl v | 52.Fl u 53.Op Fl v |
| 51.Ar ccd ... 52.Nm | 54.Ar ccd 55.Op Ar ... 56.Nm ccdconfig |
| 53.Fl U 54.Op Fl v 55.Op Fl f Ar config_file | 57.Fl U 58.Op Fl v 59.Op Fl f Ar config_file |
| 56.Nm | 60.Nm ccdconfig |
| 57.Fl g | 61.Fl g |
| 58.Op Ar ccd ... | 62.Op Fl M Ar core 63.Op Fl N Ar system 64.Oo 65.Ar ccd Oo ... 66.Oc 67.Oc |
| 59.Sh DESCRIPTION | 68.Sh DESCRIPTION |
| 60The 61.Nm 62utility is used to dynamically configure and unconfigure concatenated disk 63devices, or ccds. 64For more information about the ccd, see | 69.Nm Ccdconfig 70is used to dynamically configure and unconfigure concatenated disk 71devices, or ccds. For more information about the ccd, see |
| 65.Xr ccd 4 . 66.Pp 67The options are as follows: 68.Bl -tag -width indent 69.It Fl c | 72.Xr ccd 4 . 73.Pp 74The options are as follows: 75.Bl -tag -width indent 76.It Fl c |
| 70Configure a ccd. 71This is the default behavior of 72.Nm . | 77Configure a ccd. This is the default behavior of 78.Nm ccdconfig . |
| 73.It Fl C 74Configure all ccd devices listed in the ccd configuration file. 75.It Fl f Ar config_file 76When configuring or unconfiguring all devices, read the file 77.Pa config_file 78instead of the default 79.Pa /etc/ccd.conf . 80.It Fl g 81Dump the current ccd configuration in a format suitable for use as the | 79.It Fl C 80Configure all ccd devices listed in the ccd configuration file. 81.It Fl f Ar config_file 82When configuring or unconfiguring all devices, read the file 83.Pa config_file 84instead of the default 85.Pa /etc/ccd.conf . 86.It Fl g 87Dump the current ccd configuration in a format suitable for use as the |
| 82ccd configuration file. 83If no arguments are specified, every configured 84ccd is dumped. 85Otherwise, the configuration of each listed ccd is dumped. | 88ccd configuration file. If no arguments are specified, every configured 89ccd is dumped. Otherwise, the configuration of each listed ccd is dumped. 90.It Fl M Ar core 91Extract values associated with the name list from 92.Pa core 93instead of the default 94.Pa /dev/mem . 95.It Fl N Ar system 96Extract the name list from 97.Pa system 98instead of the default 99.Pa /netbsd . |
| 86.It Fl u 87Unconfigure a ccd. 88.It Fl U 89Unconfigure all ccd devices listed the ccd configuration file. 90.It Fl v | 100.It Fl u 101Unconfigure a ccd. 102.It Fl U 103Unconfigure all ccd devices listed the ccd configuration file. 104.It Fl v |
| 91Cause 92.Nm | 105Causes 106.Nm ccdconfig |
| 93to be verbose. 94.El 95.Pp 96A ccd is described on the command line and in the ccd configuration 97file by the name of the ccd, the interleave factor, the ccd configuration | 107to be verbose. 108.El 109.Pp 110A ccd is described on the command line and in the ccd configuration 111file by the name of the ccd, the interleave factor, the ccd configuration |
| 98flags, and a list of one or more devices. 99The flags may be represented | 112flags, and a list of one or more devices. The flags may be represented |
| 100as a decimal number, a hexadecimal number, a comma-separated list 101of strings, or the word 102.Dq none . 103The flags are as follows: | 113as a decimal number, a hexadecimal number, a comma-separated list 114of strings, or the word 115.Dq none . 116The flags are as follows: |
| 104.Bd -literal -offset indent | 117.Bd -unfilled -offset indent 118CCDF_SWAP 0x01 Interleave should be dmmax |
| 105CCDF_UNIFORM 0x02 Use uniform interleave | 119CCDF_UNIFORM 0x02 Use uniform interleave |
| 106CCDF_MIRROR 0x04 Support mirroring 107CCDF_NO_OFFSET 0x08 Do not use an offset 108CCDF_LINUX 0x0A Linux md(4) compatibility | |
| 109.Ed 110.Pp 111The format in the 112configuration file appears exactly as if it were entered on the command line. 113Note that on the command line and in the configuration file, the 114.Pa flags 115argument is optional. | 120.Ed 121.Pp 122The format in the 123configuration file appears exactly as if it were entered on the command line. 124Note that on the command line and in the configuration file, the 125.Pa flags 126argument is optional. |
| 116.Bd -literal -offset indent | 127.Bd -unfilled -offset indent |
| 117# 118# /etc/ccd.conf 119# Configuration file for concatenated disk devices 120# | 128# 129# /etc/ccd.conf 130# Configuration file for concatenated disk devices 131# |
| 121 | 132.Pp |
| 122# ccd ileave flags component devices | 133# ccd ileave flags component devices |
| 123ccd0 16 none /dev/da2s1 /dev/da3s1 | 134ccd0 16 none /dev/sd2e /dev/sd3e |
| 124.Ed 125.Pp | 135.Ed 136.Pp |
| 126The component devices need to name partitions of type 127.Li FS_BSDFFS 128(or 129.Dq 4.2BSD 130as shown by 131.Xr disklabel 8 ) . 132.Pp 133If you want to use the 134.Tn Linux 135.Xr md 4 136compatibility mode, please be sure 137to read the notes in 138.Xr ccd 4 . 139.Sh FILES 140.Bl -tag -width /etc/ccd.conf -compact 141.It Pa /etc/ccd.conf 142default ccd configuration file 143.El 144.Sh EXAMPLES 145A number of 146.Nm 147examples are shown below. 148The arguments passed 149to 150.Nm 151are exactly the same as you might place in the 152.Pa /etc/ccd.conf 153configuration file. 154The first example creates a 4-disk stripe out of 155four scsi disk partitions. 156The stripe uses a 64 sector interleave. 157The second example is an example of a complex stripe/mirror combination. 158It reads as a two disk stripe of da4 and da5 which is mirrored 159to a two disk stripe of da6 and da7. 160The last example is a simple 161mirror. 162The 2nd slice of /dev/da8 is mirrored with the 3rd slice of /dev/da9 163and assigned to ccd0. 164.Pp 165.Bd -literal 166# ccdconfig ccd0 64 none /dev/da0s1 /dev/da1s1 /dev/da2s1 /dev/da3s1 167# ccdconfig ccd0 128 CCDF_MIRROR /dev/da4 /dev/da5 /dev/da6 /dev/da7 168# ccdconfig ccd0 128 CCDF_MIRROR /dev/da8s2 /dev/da9s3 | 137.Sh EXAMPLE 138The following command, executed from the command line, would configure ccd0 139with 4 components (/dev/sd2e, /dev/sd3e, /dev/sd4e, /dev/sd5e), and an 140interleave factor of 32 blocks. 141.Bd -unfilled -offset indent 142# ccdconfig ccd0 32 0 /dev/sd2e /dev/sd3e /dev/sd4e /dev/sd5e |
| 169.Ed 170.Pp | 143.Ed 144.Pp |
| 171The following are matching commands in 172.Tn Linux 173and 174.Fx 175to create a RAID-0 in 176.Tn Linux 177and read it from 178.Fx . 179.Bd -literal 180# Create a RAID-0 on Linux: 181mdadm --create --chunk=32 --level=0 --raid-devices=2 /dev/md0 \\ 182 /dev/hda1 /dev/hdb1 183# Make the RAID-0 just created available on FreeBSD: 184ccdconfig -c /dev/ccd0 32 linux /dev/ad0s1 /dev/ad0s2 185.Ed 186.Pp 187When you create a new ccd disk you generally want to 188.Xr fdisk 8 189and 190.Xr disklabel 8 191it before doing anything else. 192Once you create the initial label you can 193edit it, adding additional partitions. 194The label itself takes up the first 19516 sectors of the ccd disk. 196If all you are doing is creating file systems 197with newfs, you do not have to worry about this as newfs will skip the 198label area. 199However, if you intend to 200.Xr dd 1 201to or from a ccd partition it is usually a good idea to construct the 202partition such that it does not overlap the label area. 203For example, if 204you have A ccd disk with 10000 sectors you might create a 'd' partition 205with offset 16 and size 9984. 206.Pp 207.Bd -literal 208# disklabel ccd0 > /tmp/disklabel.ccd0 209# disklabel -Rr ccd0 /tmp/disklabel.ccd0 210# disklabel -e ccd0 211.Ed 212.Pp 213The disklabeling of a ccd disk is usually a one-time affair. 214If you reboot the machine and reconfigure the ccd disk, 215the disklabel you 216had created before will still be there and not require reinitialization. 217Beware that changing any ccd parameters: interleave, flags, or the 218device list making up the ccd disk, will usually destroy any prior 219data on that ccd disk. 220If this occurs it is usually a good idea to 221reinitialize the label before [re]constructing your ccd disk. 222.Sh RECOVERY 223An error on a ccd disk is usually unrecoverable unless you are using the 224mirroring option. 225But mirroring has its own perils: It assumes that 226both copies of the data at any given sector are the same. 227This holds true 228until a write error occurs or until you replace either side of the mirror. 229This is a poor-man's mirroring implementation. 230It works well enough that if 231you begin to get disk errors you should be able to backup the ccd disk, 232replace the broken hardware, and then regenerate the ccd disk. 233If you need 234more than this you should look into external hardware RAID SCSI boxes, 235RAID controllers (see GENERIC), 236or software RAID systems such as 237.Xr geom 8 238and 239.Xr vinum 8 . | 145.Sh FILES 146/etc/ccd.conf - default ccd configuration file. |
| 240.Sh SEE ALSO | 147.Sh SEE ALSO |
| 241.Xr dd 1 , | |
| 242.Xr ccd 4 , | 148.Xr ccd 4 , |
| 243.Xr disklabel 8 , 244.Xr fdisk 8 , 245.Xr rc 8 , 246.Xr vinum 8 | 149.Xr rc 8 . |
| 247.Sh HISTORY 248The | 150.Sh HISTORY 151The |
| 249.Nm 250utility first appeared in | 152.Nm ccdconfig 153command first appeared in |
| 251.Nx 1.0a . | 154.Nx 1.0a . |
| 252.Sh BUGS 253The initial disklabel returned by 254.Xr ccd 4 255specifies only 3 partitions. 256One needs to change the number of partitions to 8 using 257.Dq Nm disklabel Fl e 258to get the usual 259.Bx 260expectations. | |