1 /* 2 * Copyright 2005 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 * Use is subject to license terms. 4 */ 5 6 /* 7 * Copyright (c) 1988, 1989, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997 8 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions 12 * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2) 13 * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and 14 * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials 15 * provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning 16 * features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement: 17 * ``This product includes software developed by the University of California, 18 * Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of 19 * the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse 20 * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior 21 * written permission. 22 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED 23 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 24 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 25 * 26 * 27 * @(#)$Header: traceroute.c,v 1.49 97/06/13 02:30:23 leres Exp $ (LBL) 28 */ 29 30 #pragma ident "%Z%%M% %I% %E% SMI" 31 32 #include <sys/param.h> 33 #include <sys/file.h> 34 #include <sys/ioctl.h> 35 #include <sys/socket.h> 36 #include <sys/time.h> 37 #include <sys/sysmacros.h> 38 39 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 40 #include <netinet/in.h> 41 #include <netinet/ip.h> 42 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 43 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 44 #include <netinet/udp.h> 45 #include <netinet/udp_var.h> 46 #include <netinet/ip6.h> 47 #include <netinet/icmp6.h> 48 49 #include <arpa/inet.h> 50 51 #include <ctype.h> 52 #include <errno.h> 53 #include <malloc.h> 54 #include <memory.h> 55 #include <netdb.h> 56 #include <stdio.h> 57 #include <stdlib.h> 58 #include <strings.h> 59 #include <unistd.h> 60 #include <libintl.h> 61 #include <locale.h> 62 #include <signal.h> 63 #include <setjmp.h> 64 #include <limits.h> 65 #include <zone.h> 66 67 #include <priv_utils.h> 68 69 70 #include <ifaddrlist.h> 71 #include "traceroute.h" 72 73 #define MAX_SEQ 65535 /* max sequence value for ICMP */ 74 #define MAX_TRAFFIC_CLASS 255 /* max traffic class for IPv6 */ 75 #define MAX_FLOW_LABEL 0xFFFFF /* max flow label for IPv6 */ 76 #define MAX_TOS 255 /* max type-of-service for IPv4 */ 77 #define STR_LEN 30 78 79 /* store the information about a host */ 80 struct hostinfo { 81 char *name; /* hostname */ 82 int family; /* address family of the IP addresses */ 83 int num_addr; /* number of IP addresses */ 84 union any_in_addr *addrs; /* list of IP addresses */ 85 }; 86 87 /* used to store a bunch of protocol specific values */ 88 struct pr_set { 89 int family; /* AF_INET or AF_INET6 */ 90 char name[STR_LEN]; /* "IPv4" or "IPv6" */ 91 char icmp[STR_LEN]; /* "icmp" or "ipv6-icmp" */ 92 int icmp_minlen; 93 int addr_len; 94 int ip_hdr_len; 95 int packlen; 96 int sock_size; /* size of sockaddr_in or sockaddr_in6 */ 97 struct sockaddr *to; 98 struct sockaddr *from; 99 void *from_sin_addr; 100 union any_in_addr *gwIPlist; 101 /* pointers to v4/v6 functions */ 102 struct ip *(*set_buffers_fn) (int); 103 int (*check_reply_fn)(struct msghdr *, int, int, uchar_t *, uchar_t *); 104 boolean_t (*print_icmp_other_fn)(uchar_t, uchar_t); 105 void (*print_addr_fn)(uchar_t *, int, struct sockaddr *); 106 107 }; 108 109 /* 110 * LBNL bug fixed: in LBNL traceroute 'uchar_t packet[512];' 111 * Not sufficient to hold the complete packet for ECHO REPLY of a big probe. 112 * Packet size is reported incorrectly in such a case. 113 * Also this buffer needs to be 32 bit aligned. In the future the alignment 114 * requirement will be increased to 64 bit. So, let's use 64 bit alignment now. 115 */ 116 static uint64_t packet[(IP_MAXPACKET + 1)/8]; /* received packet */ 117 118 static struct ip *outip4; /* output buffer to send as an IPv4 datagram */ 119 static struct ip *outip6; /* output buffer to send as an IPv6 datagram */ 120 121 /* Used to store the ancillary data that comes with the received packets */ 122 static uint64_t ancillary_data[(IP_MAXPACKET + 1)/8]; 123 124 /* first get the gw names, later you'll resolve them based on the family */ 125 static char *gwlist[MAXMAX_GWS]; /* gateway names list */ 126 static union any_in_addr gwIPlist[MAX_GWS]; /* gateway IPv4 address list */ 127 static union any_in_addr gwIP6list[MAX_GWS6]; /* gateway IPv6 address list */ 128 129 static int family_input = AF_UNSPEC; /* User supplied protocol family */ 130 static int rcvsock4; /* receive (icmp) socket file descriptor */ 131 static int sndsock4; /* send (udp/icmp) socket file descriptor */ 132 static int rcvsock6; /* receive (icmp6) socket file descriptor */ 133 static int sndsock6; /* send (udp6/icmp6) socket file descriptor */ 134 int gw_count = 0; /* number of gateways */ 135 static struct sockaddr_in whereto; /* Who to try to reach */ 136 static struct sockaddr_in6 whereto6; 137 static struct sockaddr_in wherefrom; /* Who we are */ 138 static struct sockaddr_in6 wherefrom6; 139 static int packlen_input = 0; /* user input for packlen */ 140 141 char *prog; 142 static char *source_input = NULL; /* this is user arg. source, doesn't change */ 143 static char *source = NULL; /* this gets modified after name lookup */ 144 char *hostname; 145 static char *device = NULL; /* interface name */ 146 static struct pr_set *pr4; /* protocol info for IPv4 */ 147 static struct pr_set *pr6; /* protocol info for IPv6 */ 148 static struct ifaddrlist *al4; /* list of interfaces */ 149 static struct ifaddrlist *al6; /* list of interfaces */ 150 static uint_t if_index = 0; /* interface index */ 151 static int num_v4 = 0; /* count of IPv4 addresses */ 152 static int num_v6 = 0; /* count of IPv6 addresses */ 153 static int num_ifs4 = 0; /* count of local IPv4 interfaces */ 154 static int num_ifs6 = 0; /* count of local IPv6 interfaces */ 155 156 static int nprobes = 3; /* number of probes */ 157 static int max_ttl = 30; /* max number of hops */ 158 static int first_ttl = 1; /* initial number of hops */ 159 ushort_t ident; /* used to authenticate replies */ 160 ushort_t port = 32768 + 666; /* start udp dest port # for probe packets */ 161 162 static int options = 0; /* socket options */ 163 boolean_t verbose = _B_FALSE; /* verbose output */ 164 static int waittime = 5; /* time to wait for response (in seconds) */ 165 static struct timeval delay = {0, 0}; /* delay between consecutive probe */ 166 boolean_t nflag = _B_FALSE; /* print addresses numerically */ 167 static boolean_t showttl = _B_FALSE; /* print the ttl(hop limit) of recvd pkt */ 168 boolean_t useicmp = _B_FALSE; /* use icmp echo instead of udp packets */ 169 boolean_t docksum = _B_TRUE; /* calculate checksums */ 170 static boolean_t collect_stat = _B_FALSE; /* print statistics */ 171 boolean_t settos = _B_FALSE; /* set type-of-service field */ 172 static int max_timeout = 5; /* quit after this consecutive timeouts */ 173 static boolean_t probe_all = _B_FALSE; /* probe all the IFs of the target */ 174 static boolean_t pick_src = _B_FALSE; /* traceroute picks the src address */ 175 176 /* 177 * flow and class are specific to IPv6, tos and off are specific to IPv4. 178 * Each protocol uses the ones that are specific to itself, and ignores 179 * others. 180 */ 181 static uint_t flow = 0; /* IPv6 flow info */ 182 static uint_t class = 0; /* IPv6 class */ 183 uchar_t tos = 0; /* IPv4 type-of-service */ 184 ushort_t off = 0; /* set DF bit */ 185 186 static jmp_buf env; /* stack environment for longjmp() */ 187 boolean_t raw_req; /* if sndsock for IPv4 must be raw */ 188 189 /* Forwards */ 190 static uint_t calc_packetlen(int, struct pr_set *); 191 extern int check_reply(struct msghdr *, int, int, uchar_t *, uchar_t *); 192 extern int check_reply6(struct msghdr *, int, int, uchar_t *, uchar_t *); 193 static double deltaT(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 194 static char *device_name(struct ifaddrlist *, int, union any_in_addr *, 195 struct pr_set *); 196 extern void *find_ancillary_data(struct msghdr *, int, int); 197 static boolean_t has_addr(struct addrinfo *, union any_in_addr *); 198 static struct ifaddrlist *find_device(struct ifaddrlist *, int, char *); 199 static struct ifaddrlist *find_ifaddr(struct ifaddrlist *, int, 200 union any_in_addr *, int); 201 static void get_gwaddrs(char **, int, union any_in_addr *, 202 union any_in_addr *, int *, int *); 203 static void get_hostinfo(char *, int, struct addrinfo **); 204 char *inet_name(union any_in_addr *, int); 205 ushort_t in_cksum(ushort_t *, int); 206 extern int ip_hdr_length_v6(ip6_t *, int, uint8_t *); 207 extern char *pr_type(uchar_t); 208 extern char *pr_type6(uchar_t); 209 extern void print_addr(uchar_t *, int, struct sockaddr *); 210 extern void print_addr6(uchar_t *, int, struct sockaddr *); 211 extern boolean_t print_icmp_other(uchar_t, uchar_t); 212 extern boolean_t print_icmp_other6(uchar_t, uchar_t); 213 static void print_stats(int, int, double, double, double, double); 214 static void print_unknown_host_msg(const char *, const char *); 215 static void record_stats(double, int *, double *, double *, double *, double *); 216 static void resolve_nodes(int *, struct addrinfo **); 217 static void select_src_addr(union any_in_addr *, union any_in_addr *, int); 218 extern void send_probe(int, struct sockaddr *, struct ip *, int, int, 219 struct timeval *, int); 220 extern void send_probe6(int, struct msghdr *, struct ip *, int, int, 221 struct timeval *, int); 222 extern void set_ancillary_data(struct msghdr *, int, union any_in_addr *, int, 223 uint_t); 224 extern struct ip *set_buffers(int); 225 extern struct ip *set_buffers6(int); 226 extern void set_IPv4opt_sourcerouting(int, union any_in_addr *, 227 union any_in_addr *); 228 static void set_sin(struct sockaddr *, union any_in_addr *, int); 229 static int set_src_addr(struct pr_set *, struct ifaddrlist **); 230 static void setup_protocol(struct pr_set *, int); 231 static void setup_socket(struct pr_set *, int); 232 static void sig_handler(int); 233 static int str2int(const char *, const char *, int, int); 234 static double str2dbl(const char *, const char *, double, double); 235 static void trace_it(struct addrinfo *); 236 static void traceroute(union any_in_addr *, struct msghdr *, struct pr_set *, 237 int, struct ifaddrlist *); 238 static void tv_sub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 239 static void usage(void); 240 static int wait_for_reply(int, struct msghdr *, struct timeval *); 241 static double xsqrt(double); 242 243 /* 244 * main 245 */ 246 int 247 main(int argc, char **argv) 248 { 249 struct addrinfo *ai_dst = NULL; /* destination host */ 250 /* 251 * "probing_successful" indicates if we could successfully send probes, 252 * not necessarily received reply from the target (this behavior is from 253 * the original traceroute). It's _B_FALSE if packlen is invalid, or no 254 * interfaces found. 255 */ 256 boolean_t probing_successful = _B_FALSE; 257 int longjmp_return; /* return value from longjump */ 258 int i = 0; 259 char *cp; 260 int op; 261 char *ep; 262 char temp_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN]; /* use for inet_ntop() */ 263 double pause; 264 265 /* 266 * A raw socket will be used for IPv4 if there is sufficient 267 * privilege. 268 */ 269 raw_req = priv_ineffect(PRIV_NET_RAWACCESS); 270 271 /* 272 * We'll need the privilege only when we open the sockets; that's 273 * when we'll fail if the program has insufficient privileges. 274 */ 275 (void) __init_suid_priv(PU_CLEARLIMITSET, PRIV_NET_ICMPACCESS, 276 raw_req ? PRIV_NET_RAWACCESS : NULL, NULL); 277 278 (void) setlinebuf(stdout); 279 280 if ((cp = strrchr(argv[0], '/')) != NULL) 281 prog = cp + 1; 282 else 283 prog = argv[0]; 284 285 opterr = 0; 286 while ((op = getopt(argc, argv, "adFIlnrSvxA:c:f:g:i:L:m:P:p:Q:q:s:" 287 "t:w:")) != EOF) { 288 switch (op) { 289 case 'A': 290 if (strcmp(optarg, "inet") == 0) { 291 family_input = AF_INET; 292 } else if (strcmp(optarg, "inet6") == 0) { 293 family_input = AF_INET6; 294 } else { 295 Fprintf(stderr, 296 "%s: unknown address family %s\n", 297 prog, optarg); 298 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 299 } 300 break; 301 302 case 'a': 303 probe_all = _B_TRUE; 304 break; 305 306 case 'c': 307 class = str2int(optarg, "traffic class", 0, 308 MAX_TRAFFIC_CLASS); 309 break; 310 311 case 'd': 312 options |= SO_DEBUG; 313 break; 314 315 case 'f': 316 first_ttl = str2int(optarg, "first ttl", 1, MAXTTL); 317 break; 318 319 case 'F': 320 off = IP_DF; 321 break; 322 323 case 'g': 324 if (!raw_req) { 325 Fprintf(stderr, 326 "%s: privilege to specify a loose source " 327 "route gateway is unavailable\n", 328 prog); 329 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 330 } 331 if (gw_count >= MAXMAX_GWS) { 332 Fprintf(stderr, 333 "%s: Too many gateways\n", prog); 334 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 335 } 336 gwlist[gw_count] = strdup(optarg); 337 if (gwlist[gw_count] == NULL) { 338 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: strdup %s\n", prog, 339 strerror(errno)); 340 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 341 } 342 343 ++gw_count; 344 break; 345 346 case 'l': 347 showttl = _B_TRUE; 348 break; 349 350 case 'i': 351 /* this can be IF name or IF index */ 352 if_index = (uint_t)strtol(optarg, &ep, 10); 353 354 /* convert IF index <--> IF name */ 355 if (errno != 0 || *ep != '\0') { 356 device = optarg; 357 if_index = if_nametoindex((const char *)device); 358 359 /* 360 * In case it fails, check to see if the problem 361 * is other than "IF not found". 362 */ 363 if (if_index == 0 && errno != ENXIO) { 364 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: if_nametoindex:" 365 "%s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 366 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 367 } 368 } else { 369 device = (char *)malloc(LIFNAMSIZ + 1); 370 if (device == NULL) { 371 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: malloc: %s\n", 372 prog, strerror(errno)); 373 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 374 } 375 376 device = if_indextoname(if_index, device); 377 if (device != NULL) { 378 device[LIFNAMSIZ] = '\0'; 379 } else if (errno != ENXIO) { 380 /* 381 * The problem was other than "index 382 * not found". 383 */ 384 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: if_indextoname:" 385 "%s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 386 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 387 } 388 } 389 390 if (device == NULL || if_index == 0) { 391 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: interface %s " 392 "doesn't match any actual interfaces\n", 393 prog, optarg); 394 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 395 } 396 break; 397 398 case 'I': 399 useicmp = _B_TRUE; 400 break; 401 402 case 'L': 403 flow = str2int(optarg, "flow label", 0, MAX_FLOW_LABEL); 404 break; 405 406 case 'm': 407 max_ttl = str2int(optarg, "max ttl(hop limit)", 1, 408 MAXTTL); 409 break; 410 411 case 'n': 412 nflag = _B_TRUE; 413 break; 414 415 case 'P': 416 pause = str2dbl(optarg, "pause", 0, INT_MAX); 417 delay.tv_sec = (time_t)pause; 418 delay.tv_usec = (suseconds_t)((pause - delay.tv_sec) * 419 1000000); 420 break; 421 422 case 'p': 423 port = str2int(optarg, "port", 1, MAX_PORT); 424 break; 425 426 case 'Q': 427 max_timeout = str2int(optarg, "max timeout", 1, -1); 428 break; 429 430 case 'q': 431 nprobes = str2int(optarg, "nprobes", 1, -1); 432 break; 433 434 case 'r': 435 options |= SO_DONTROUTE; 436 break; 437 438 case 'S': 439 collect_stat = _B_TRUE; 440 break; 441 442 case 's': 443 /* 444 * set the ip source address of the outbound 445 * probe (e.g., on a multi-homed host). 446 */ 447 source_input = optarg; 448 break; 449 450 case 't': 451 tos = (uchar_t)str2int(optarg, "tos", 0, MAX_TOS); 452 settos = _B_TRUE; 453 break; 454 455 case 'v': 456 verbose = _B_TRUE; 457 break; 458 459 case 'x': 460 docksum = _B_FALSE; 461 break; 462 463 case 'w': 464 waittime = str2int(optarg, "wait time", 2, -1); 465 break; 466 467 default: 468 usage(); 469 break; 470 } 471 } 472 473 /* 474 * If it's probe_all, SIGQUIT makes traceroute exit(). But we set the 475 * address to jump back to in traceroute(). Until then, we'll need to 476 * temporarily specify one. 477 */ 478 if (probe_all) { 479 if ((longjmp_return = setjmp(env)) != 0) { 480 if (longjmp_return == SIGQUIT) { 481 Printf("(exiting)\n"); 482 exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); 483 } else { /* should never happen */ 484 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 485 } 486 } 487 (void) signal(SIGQUIT, sig_handler); 488 } 489 490 if ((gw_count > 0) && (options & SO_DONTROUTE)) { 491 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: loose source route gateways (-g)" 492 " cannot be specified when probe packets are sent" 493 " directly to a host on an attached network (-r)\n", 494 prog); 495 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 496 } 497 498 i = argc - optind; 499 if (i == 1 || i == 2) { 500 hostname = argv[optind]; 501 502 if (i == 2) { 503 /* accept any length now, we'll check it later */ 504 packlen_input = str2int(argv[optind + 1], 505 "packet length", 0, -1); 506 } 507 } else { 508 usage(); 509 } 510 511 if (first_ttl > max_ttl) { 512 Fprintf(stderr, 513 "%s: first ttl(hop limit) (%d) may not be greater" 514 " than max ttl(hop limit) (%d)\n", 515 prog, first_ttl, max_ttl); 516 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 517 } 518 519 /* resolve hostnames */ 520 resolve_nodes(&family_input, &ai_dst); 521 if (ai_dst == NULL) { 522 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 523 } 524 525 /* 526 * If it's probe_all, SIGINT makes traceroute skip to probing next IP 527 * address of the target. The new interrupt handler is assigned in 528 * traceroute() function. Until then let's ignore the signal. 529 */ 530 if (probe_all) 531 (void) signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 532 533 ident = (getpid() & 0xffff) | 0x8000; 534 535 /* 536 * We KNOW that probe_all == TRUE if family is AF_UNSPEC, 537 * since family is set to the specific AF found unless it's 538 * probe_all. So if family == AF_UNSPEC, we need to init pr4 and pr6. 539 */ 540 switch (family_input) { 541 case AF_UNSPEC: 542 pr4 = (struct pr_set *)malloc(sizeof (struct pr_set)); 543 if (pr4 == NULL) { 544 Fprintf(stderr, 545 "%s: malloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 546 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 547 } 548 pr6 = (struct pr_set *)malloc(sizeof (struct pr_set)); 549 if (pr6 == NULL) { 550 Fprintf(stderr, 551 "%s: malloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 552 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 553 } 554 setup_protocol(pr6, AF_INET6); 555 setup_protocol(pr4, AF_INET); 556 outip6 = (*pr6->set_buffers_fn)(pr6->packlen); 557 setup_socket(pr6, pr6->packlen); 558 559 outip4 = (*pr4->set_buffers_fn)(pr4->packlen); 560 setup_socket(pr4, pr4->packlen); 561 num_ifs6 = set_src_addr(pr6, &al6); 562 num_ifs4 = set_src_addr(pr4, &al4); 563 break; 564 case AF_INET6: 565 pr6 = (struct pr_set *)malloc(sizeof (struct pr_set)); 566 if (pr6 == NULL) { 567 Fprintf(stderr, 568 "%s: malloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 569 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 570 } 571 setup_protocol(pr6, AF_INET6); 572 outip6 = (*pr6->set_buffers_fn)(pr6->packlen); 573 setup_socket(pr6, pr6->packlen); 574 num_ifs6 = set_src_addr(pr6, &al6); 575 break; 576 case AF_INET: 577 pr4 = (struct pr_set *)malloc(sizeof (struct pr_set)); 578 if (pr4 == NULL) { 579 Fprintf(stderr, 580 "%s: malloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 581 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 582 } 583 setup_protocol(pr4, AF_INET); 584 outip4 = (*pr4->set_buffers_fn)(pr4->packlen); 585 setup_socket(pr4, pr4->packlen); 586 num_ifs4 = set_src_addr(pr4, &al4); 587 break; 588 default: 589 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknow address family.\n", prog); 590 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 591 } 592 593 if (num_v4 + num_v6 > 1 && !probe_all) { 594 if (ai_dst->ai_family == AF_INET) { 595 Fprintf(stderr, 596 "%s: Warning: %s has multiple addresses;" 597 " using %s\n", prog, hostname, 598 inet_ntop(AF_INET, 599 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 600 (void *)&((struct sockaddr_in *) 601 ai_dst->ai_addr)->sin_addr, 602 temp_buf, sizeof (temp_buf))); 603 } else { 604 Fprintf(stderr, 605 "%s: Warning: %s has multiple addresses;" 606 " using %s\n", prog, hostname, 607 inet_ntop(AF_INET6, 608 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 609 (void *)&((struct sockaddr_in6 *) 610 ai_dst->ai_addr)->sin6_addr, 611 temp_buf, sizeof (temp_buf))); 612 } 613 } 614 615 if (num_ifs4 + num_ifs6 > 0) { 616 trace_it(ai_dst); 617 probing_successful = _B_TRUE; 618 } 619 620 (void) close(rcvsock4); 621 (void) close(sndsock4); 622 (void) close(rcvsock6); 623 (void) close(sndsock6); 624 625 /* 626 * if we could probe any of the IP addresses of the target, that means 627 * this was a successful operation 628 */ 629 if (probing_successful) 630 return (EXIT_SUCCESS); 631 else 632 return (EXIT_FAILURE); 633 } 634 635 /* 636 * print "unknown host" message 637 */ 638 static void 639 print_unknown_host_msg(const char *protocol, const char *host) 640 { 641 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown%s host %s\n", prog, protocol, host); 642 } 643 644 /* 645 * resolve destination host and gateways 646 */ 647 static void 648 resolve_nodes(int *family, struct addrinfo **ai_dstp) 649 { 650 struct addrinfo *ai_dst = NULL; 651 struct addrinfo *aip = NULL; 652 int num_resolved_gw = 0; 653 int num_resolved_gw6 = 0; 654 655 get_hostinfo(hostname, *family, &ai_dst); 656 if (ai_dst == NULL) { 657 print_unknown_host_msg("", hostname); 658 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 659 } 660 /* Get a count of the v4 & v6 addresses */ 661 for (aip = ai_dst; aip != NULL; aip = aip->ai_next) { 662 switch (aip->ai_family) { 663 case AF_INET: 664 num_v4++; 665 break; 666 case AF_INET6: 667 num_v6++; 668 break; 669 } 670 } 671 672 if (*family == AF_UNSPEC && !probe_all) { 673 *family = ai_dst->ai_family; 674 } 675 676 /* resolve gateways */ 677 if (gw_count > 0) { 678 get_gwaddrs(gwlist, *family, gwIPlist, gwIP6list, 679 &num_resolved_gw, &num_resolved_gw6); 680 681 /* we couldn't resolve a gateway as an IPv6 host */ 682 if (num_resolved_gw6 != gw_count && num_v6 != 0) { 683 if (*family == AF_INET6 || *family == AF_UNSPEC) 684 print_unknown_host_msg(" IPv6", 685 gwlist[num_resolved_gw6]); 686 num_v6 = 0; 687 } 688 689 /* we couldn't resolve a gateway as an IPv4 host */ 690 if (num_resolved_gw != gw_count && num_v4 != 0) { 691 if (*family == AF_INET || *family == AF_UNSPEC) 692 print_unknown_host_msg(" IPv4", 693 gwlist[num_resolved_gw]); 694 num_v4 = 0; 695 } 696 } 697 698 *ai_dstp = (num_v4 + num_v6 > 0) ? ai_dst : NULL; 699 } 700 701 /* 702 * Given IP address or hostname, return v4 and v6 hostinfo lists. 703 * Assumes that hostinfo ** ptrs are non-null. 704 */ 705 static void 706 get_hostinfo(char *host, int family, struct addrinfo **aipp) 707 { 708 struct addrinfo hints, *ai; 709 struct in6_addr addr6; 710 struct in_addr addr; 711 char temp_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN]; /* use for inet_ntop() */ 712 int rc; 713 714 /* 715 * Take care of v4-mapped addresses. It should run same as v4, after 716 * chopping off the prefix, leaving the IPv4 address 717 */ 718 if ((inet_pton(AF_INET6, host, &addr6) > 0) && 719 IN6_IS_ADDR_V4MAPPED(&addr6)) { 720 /* peel off the "mapping" stuff, leaving 32 bit IPv4 address */ 721 IN6_V4MAPPED_TO_INADDR(&addr6, &addr); 722 723 /* convert it back to a string */ 724 (void) inet_ntop(AF_INET, (void *)&addr, temp_buf, 725 sizeof (temp_buf)); 726 727 /* now the host is an IPv4 address */ 728 (void) strcpy(host, temp_buf); 729 730 /* 731 * If it's a mapped address, we convert it into IPv4 732 * address because traceroute will send and receive IPv4 733 * packets for that address. Therefore, it's a failure case to 734 * ask get_hostinfo() to treat a mapped address as an IPv6 735 * address. 736 */ 737 if (family == AF_INET6) { 738 return; 739 } 740 } 741 742 (void) memset(&hints, 0, sizeof (hints)); 743 hints.ai_family = family; 744 hints.ai_flags = AI_ADDRCONFIG; 745 rc = getaddrinfo(host, NULL, &hints, &ai); 746 if (rc != 0) { 747 if (rc != EAI_NONAME) 748 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: getaddrinfo: %s\n", prog, 749 gai_strerror(rc)); 750 *aipp = NULL; 751 return; 752 } 753 *aipp = ai; 754 } 755 756 /* 757 * Calculate the packet length to be used, and check against the valid range. 758 * Returns -1 if range check fails. 759 */ 760 static uint_t 761 calc_packetlen(int plen_input, struct pr_set *pr) 762 { 763 int minpacket; /* min ip packet size */ 764 int optlen; /* length of ip options */ 765 int plen; 766 767 /* 768 * LBNL bug fixed: miscalculation of optlen 769 */ 770 if (gw_count > 0) { 771 /* 772 * IPv4: 773 * ---- 774 * 5 (NO OPs) + 3 (code, len, ptr) + gateways 775 * IP options field can hold up to 9 gateways. But the API 776 * allows you to specify only 8, because the last one is the 777 * destination host. When this packet is sent, on the wire 778 * you see one gateway replaced by 4 NO OPs. The other 1 NO 779 * OP is for alignment 780 * 781 * IPv6: 782 * ---- 783 * Well, formula is different, but the result is same. 784 * 8 byte fixed part for Type 0 Routing header, followed by 785 * gateway addresses 786 */ 787 optlen = 8 + gw_count * pr->addr_len; 788 } else { 789 optlen = 0; 790 } 791 792 /* take care of the packet length calculations and checks */ 793 minpacket = pr->ip_hdr_len + sizeof (struct outdata) + optlen; 794 if (useicmp) 795 minpacket += pr->icmp_minlen; /* minimum ICMP header size */ 796 else 797 minpacket += sizeof (struct udphdr); 798 plen = plen_input; 799 if (plen == 0) { 800 plen = minpacket; /* minimum sized packet */ 801 } else if (minpacket > plen || plen > IP_MAXPACKET) { 802 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s packet size must be >= %d and <= %d\n", 803 prog, pr->name, minpacket, IP_MAXPACKET); 804 return (0); 805 } 806 807 return (plen); 808 } 809 810 /* 811 * Sets the source address by resolving -i and -s arguments, or if -i and -s 812 * don't dictate any, it sets the pick_src to make sure traceroute uses the 813 * kernel's pick of the source address. 814 * Returns number of interfaces configured on the source host, 0 on error or 815 * there's no interface which is up amd not a loopback. 816 */ 817 static int 818 set_src_addr(struct pr_set *pr, struct ifaddrlist **alp) 819 { 820 union any_in_addr *ap; 821 struct ifaddrlist *al = NULL; 822 struct ifaddrlist *tmp1_al = NULL; 823 struct ifaddrlist *tmp2_al = NULL; 824 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 825 struct sockaddr_in *sin_from = (struct sockaddr_in *)pr->from; 826 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 827 struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6_from = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)pr->from; 828 struct addrinfo *aip; 829 char errbuf[ERRBUFSIZE]; 830 char temp_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN]; /* use for inet_ntop() */ 831 int num_ifs; /* all the interfaces */ 832 int num_src_ifs; /* exclude loopback and down */ 833 int i; 834 835 source = source_input; 836 837 /* get the interface address list */ 838 num_ifs = ifaddrlist(&al, pr->family, errbuf); 839 if (num_ifs < 0) { 840 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: ifaddrlist: %s\n", prog, errbuf); 841 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 842 } 843 844 num_src_ifs = 0; 845 for (i = 0; i < num_ifs; i++) { 846 if (!(al[i].flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) && (al[i].flags & IFF_UP)) 847 num_src_ifs++; 848 } 849 850 if (num_src_ifs == 0) { 851 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't find any %s network interfaces\n", 852 prog, pr->name); 853 return (0); 854 } 855 856 /* verify the device */ 857 if (device != NULL) { 858 tmp1_al = find_device(al, num_ifs, device); 859 860 if (tmp1_al == NULL) { 861 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s (index %d) is an invalid %s" 862 " interface\n", prog, device, if_index, pr->name); 863 free(al); 864 return (0); 865 } 866 } 867 868 /* verify the source address */ 869 if (source != NULL) { 870 get_hostinfo(source, pr->family, &aip); 871 if (aip == NULL) { 872 Fprintf(stderr, 873 "%s: %s is an invalid %s source address\n", 874 prog, source, pr->name); 875 876 free(al); 877 return (0); 878 } 879 880 source = aip->ai_canonname; 881 ap = (union any_in_addr *) 882 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 883 &((struct sockaddr_in6 *) 884 aip->ai_addr)->sin6_addr; 885 886 /* 887 * LBNL bug fixed: used to accept any src address 888 */ 889 tmp2_al = find_ifaddr(al, num_ifs, ap, pr->family); 890 891 if (tmp2_al == NULL) { 892 Fprintf(stderr, 893 "%s: %s is an invalid %s source address\n", prog, 894 inet_ntop(pr->family, (const void *)ap, 895 temp_buf, sizeof (temp_buf)), 896 pr->name); 897 898 free(al); 899 freeaddrinfo(aip); 900 return (0); 901 } 902 } 903 904 pick_src = _B_FALSE; 905 906 if (source == NULL) { /* no -s used */ 907 if (device == NULL) { /* no -i used, no -s used */ 908 pick_src = _B_TRUE; 909 } else { /* -i used, no -s used */ 910 /* 911 * -i used, but not -s, and it's IPv4: set the source 912 * address to whatever the interface has configured on 913 * it. 914 */ 915 if (pr->family == AF_INET) 916 set_sin(pr->from, &(tmp1_al->addr), pr->family); 917 else 918 pick_src = _B_TRUE; 919 } 920 } else { /* -s used */ 921 if (device == NULL) { /* no -i used, -s used */ 922 set_sin(pr->from, ap, pr->family); 923 924 if (aip->ai_next != NULL) { 925 Fprintf(stderr, 926 "%s: Warning: %s has multiple " 927 "addresses; using %s\n", 928 prog, source, 929 inet_ntop(pr->family, 930 (const void *)pr->from_sin_addr, 931 temp_buf, sizeof (temp_buf))); 932 } 933 } else { /* -i and -s used */ 934 /* 935 * Make sure the source specified matches the 936 * interface address. You only care about this for IPv4 937 * IPv6 can handle IF not matching src address 938 */ 939 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 940 if (!has_addr(aip, &tmp1_al->addr)) { 941 Fprintf(stderr, 942 "%s: %s is not on interface %s\n", 943 prog, source, device); 944 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 945 } 946 /* 947 * make sure we use the one matching the 948 * interface's address 949 */ 950 *ap = tmp1_al->addr; 951 } 952 953 set_sin(pr->from, ap, pr->family); 954 } 955 } 956 957 /* 958 * Binding at this point will set the source address to be used 959 * for both IPv4 (when raw IP datagrams are not required) and 960 * IPv6. If the address being bound to is zero, then the kernel 961 * will end up choosing the source address when the datagram is 962 * sent. 963 * 964 * For raw IPv4 datagrams, the source address is initialized 965 * within traceroute() along with the outbound destination 966 * address. 967 */ 968 if (pr->family == AF_INET && !raw_req) { 969 sin_from->sin_family = AF_INET; 970 sin_from->sin_port = htons(ident); 971 if (bind(sndsock4, (struct sockaddr *)pr->from, 972 sizeof (struct sockaddr_in)) < 0) { 973 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: bind: %s\n", prog, 974 strerror(errno)); 975 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 976 } 977 } else if (pr->family == AF_INET6) { 978 sin6_from->sin6_family = AF_INET6; 979 sin6_from->sin6_port = htons(ident); 980 if (bind(sndsock6, (struct sockaddr *)pr->from, 981 sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6)) < 0) { 982 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: bind: %s\n", prog, 983 strerror(errno)); 984 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 985 } 986 987 whereto6.sin6_flowinfo = htonl((class << 20) | flow); 988 } 989 *alp = al; 990 return (num_ifs); 991 } 992 993 /* 994 * Returns the complete ifaddrlist structure matching the desired interface 995 * address. Ignores interfaces which are either down or loopback. 996 */ 997 static struct ifaddrlist * 998 find_ifaddr(struct ifaddrlist *al, int len, union any_in_addr *addr, 999 int family) 1000 { 1001 struct ifaddrlist *tmp_al = al; 1002 int i; 1003 size_t addr_len = (family == AF_INET) ? sizeof (struct in_addr) : 1004 sizeof (struct in6_addr); 1005 1006 for (i = 0; i < len; i++, tmp_al++) { 1007 if ((!(tmp_al->flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) && 1008 (tmp_al->flags & IFF_UP)) && 1009 (memcmp(&tmp_al->addr, addr, addr_len) == 0)) 1010 break; 1011 } 1012 1013 if (i < len) { 1014 return (tmp_al); 1015 } else { 1016 return (NULL); 1017 } 1018 } 1019 1020 /* 1021 * Returns the complete ifaddrlist structure matching the desired interface name 1022 * Ignores interfaces which are either down or loopback. 1023 */ 1024 static struct ifaddrlist * 1025 find_device(struct ifaddrlist *al, int len, char *device) 1026 { 1027 struct ifaddrlist *tmp_al = al; 1028 int i; 1029 1030 for (i = 0; i < len; i++, tmp_al++) { 1031 if ((!(tmp_al->flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) && 1032 (tmp_al->flags & IFF_UP)) && 1033 (strcmp(tmp_al->device, device) == 0)) 1034 break; 1035 } 1036 1037 if (i < len) { 1038 return (tmp_al); 1039 } else { 1040 return (NULL); 1041 } 1042 } 1043 1044 /* 1045 * returns _B_TRUE if given hostinfo contains the given address 1046 */ 1047 static boolean_t 1048 has_addr(struct addrinfo *ai, union any_in_addr *addr) 1049 { 1050 struct addrinfo *ai_tmp = NULL; 1051 union any_in_addr *ap; 1052 1053 for (ai_tmp = ai; ai_tmp != NULL; ai_tmp = ai_tmp->ai_next) { 1054 if (ai_tmp->ai_family == AF_INET6) 1055 continue; 1056 ap = (union any_in_addr *) 1057 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1058 &((struct sockaddr_in *)ai_tmp->ai_addr)->sin_addr; 1059 if (memcmp(ap, addr, sizeof (struct in_addr)) == 0) 1060 break; 1061 } 1062 1063 if (ai_tmp != NULL) { 1064 return (_B_TRUE); 1065 } else { 1066 return (_B_FALSE); 1067 } 1068 } 1069 1070 /* 1071 * Resolve the gateway names, splitting results into v4 and v6 lists. 1072 * Gateway addresses are added to the appropriate passed-in array; the 1073 * number of resolved gateways for each af is returned in resolved[6]. 1074 * Assumes that passed-in arrays are large enough for MAX_GWS[6] addrs 1075 * and resolved[6] ptrs are non-null; ignores array and counter if the 1076 * address family param makes them irrelevant. 1077 */ 1078 static void 1079 get_gwaddrs(char **gwlist, int family, union any_in_addr *gwIPlist, 1080 union any_in_addr *gwIPlist6, int *resolved, int *resolved6) 1081 { 1082 int i; 1083 boolean_t check_v4 = _B_TRUE, check_v6 = _B_TRUE; 1084 struct addrinfo *ai = NULL; 1085 struct addrinfo *aip = NULL; 1086 1087 *resolved = *resolved6 = 0; 1088 switch (family) { 1089 case AF_UNSPEC: 1090 break; 1091 case AF_INET: 1092 check_v6 = _B_FALSE; 1093 break; 1094 case AF_INET6: 1095 check_v4 = _B_FALSE; 1096 break; 1097 default: 1098 return; 1099 } 1100 1101 if (check_v4 && gw_count >= MAX_GWS) { 1102 check_v4 = _B_FALSE; 1103 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: too many IPv4 gateways\n", prog); 1104 num_v4 = 0; 1105 } 1106 if (check_v6 && gw_count >= MAX_GWS6) { 1107 check_v6 = _B_FALSE; 1108 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: too many IPv6 gateways\n", prog); 1109 num_v6 = 0; 1110 } 1111 1112 for (i = 0; i < gw_count; i++) { 1113 if (!check_v4 && !check_v6) 1114 return; 1115 get_hostinfo(gwlist[i], family, &ai); 1116 if (ai == NULL) 1117 return; 1118 if (check_v4 && num_v4 != 0) { 1119 check_v4 = _B_FALSE; 1120 for (aip = ai; aip != NULL; aip = aip->ai_next) { 1121 if (aip->ai_family == AF_INET) { 1122 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1123 bcopy(&((struct sockaddr_in *) 1124 aip->ai_addr)->sin_addr, 1125 &gwIPlist[i].addr, 1126 aip->ai_addrlen); 1127 (*resolved)++; 1128 check_v4 = _B_TRUE; 1129 break; 1130 } 1131 } 1132 } else if (check_v4) { 1133 check_v4 = _B_FALSE; 1134 } 1135 if (check_v6 && num_v6 != 0) { 1136 check_v6 = _B_FALSE; 1137 for (aip = ai; aip != NULL; aip = aip->ai_next) { 1138 if (aip->ai_family == AF_INET6) { 1139 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1140 bcopy(&((struct sockaddr_in6 *) 1141 aip->ai_addr)->sin6_addr, 1142 &gwIPlist6[i].addr6, 1143 aip->ai_addrlen); 1144 (*resolved6)++; 1145 check_v6 = _B_TRUE; 1146 break; 1147 } 1148 } 1149 } else if (check_v6) { 1150 check_v6 = _B_FALSE; 1151 } 1152 } 1153 freeaddrinfo(ai); 1154 } 1155 1156 /* 1157 * set protocol specific values here 1158 */ 1159 static void 1160 setup_protocol(struct pr_set *pr, int family) 1161 { 1162 /* 1163 * Set the global variables for each AF. This is going to save us lots 1164 * of "if (family == AF_INET)... else .." 1165 */ 1166 pr->family = family; 1167 1168 if (family == AF_INET) { 1169 if (!docksum) { 1170 Fprintf(stderr, 1171 "%s: Warning: checksums disabled\n", prog); 1172 } 1173 (void) strcpy(pr->name, "IPv4"); 1174 (void) strcpy(pr->icmp, "icmp"); 1175 pr->icmp_minlen = ICMP_MINLEN; 1176 pr->addr_len = sizeof (struct in_addr); 1177 pr->ip_hdr_len = sizeof (struct ip); 1178 pr->sock_size = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in); 1179 pr->to = (struct sockaddr *)&whereto; 1180 pr->from = (struct sockaddr *)&wherefrom; 1181 pr->from_sin_addr = (void *)&wherefrom.sin_addr; 1182 pr->gwIPlist = gwIPlist; 1183 pr->set_buffers_fn = set_buffers; 1184 pr->check_reply_fn = check_reply; 1185 pr->print_icmp_other_fn = print_icmp_other; 1186 pr->print_addr_fn = print_addr; 1187 pr->packlen = calc_packetlen(packlen_input, pr); 1188 } else { 1189 (void) strcpy(pr->name, "IPv6"); 1190 (void) strcpy(pr->icmp, "ipv6-icmp"); 1191 pr->icmp_minlen = ICMP6_MINLEN; 1192 pr->addr_len = sizeof (struct in6_addr); 1193 pr->ip_hdr_len = sizeof (struct ip6_hdr); 1194 pr->sock_size = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6); 1195 pr->to = (struct sockaddr *)&whereto6; 1196 pr->from = (struct sockaddr *)&wherefrom6; 1197 pr->from_sin_addr = (void *)&wherefrom6.sin6_addr; 1198 pr->gwIPlist = gwIP6list; 1199 pr->set_buffers_fn = set_buffers6; 1200 pr->check_reply_fn = check_reply6; 1201 pr->print_icmp_other_fn = print_icmp_other6; 1202 pr->print_addr_fn = print_addr6; 1203 pr->packlen = calc_packetlen(packlen_input, pr); 1204 } 1205 if (pr->packlen == 0) 1206 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1207 } 1208 1209 /* 1210 * setup the sockets for the given protocol's address family 1211 */ 1212 static void 1213 setup_socket(struct pr_set *pr, int packet_len) 1214 { 1215 int on = 1; 1216 struct protoent *pe; 1217 int type; 1218 int proto; 1219 int int_op; 1220 int rsock; 1221 int ssock; 1222 1223 if ((pe = getprotobyname(pr->icmp)) == NULL) { 1224 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown protocol %s\n", prog, pr->icmp); 1225 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1226 } 1227 1228 /* privilege bracketing */ 1229 (void) __priv_bracket(PRIV_ON); 1230 1231 if ((rsock = socket(pr->family, SOCK_RAW, pe->p_proto)) < 0) { 1232 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: icmp socket: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 1233 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1234 } 1235 1236 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 1237 if (setsockopt(rsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&on, 1238 sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1239 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_DEBUG: %s\n", prog, 1240 strerror(errno)); 1241 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1242 } 1243 } 1244 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 1245 if (setsockopt(rsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&on, 1246 sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1247 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_DONTROUTE: %s\n", prog, 1248 strerror(errno)); 1249 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1250 } 1251 } 1252 1253 if (pr->family == AF_INET6) { 1254 /* Enable receipt of destination address info */ 1255 if (setsockopt(rsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVPKTINFO, 1256 (char *)&on, sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1257 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IPV6_RECVPKTINFO: %s\n", prog, 1258 strerror(errno)); 1259 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1260 } 1261 /* Enable receipt of hoplimit info */ 1262 if (setsockopt(rsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT, 1263 (char *)&on, sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1264 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT: %s\n", prog, 1265 strerror(errno)); 1266 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1267 } 1268 1269 } 1270 1271 /* 1272 * Initialize the socket type and protocol based on the address 1273 * family, whether or not a raw IP socket is required (for IPv4) 1274 * or whether ICMP will be used instead of UDP. 1275 * 1276 * For historical reasons, the datagrams sent out by 1277 * traceroute(1M) do not have the "don't fragment" flag set. For 1278 * this reason as well as the ability to set the Loose Source and 1279 * Record Route (LSRR) option, a raw IP socket will be used for 1280 * IPv4 when run in the global zone. Otherwise, the actual 1281 * datagram that will be sent will be a regular UDP or ICMP echo 1282 * request packet. However for convenience and for future options 1283 * when other IP header information may be specified using 1284 * traceroute, the buffer including the raw IP and UDP or ICMP 1285 * header is always filled in. When the probe is actually sent, 1286 * the size of the request and the start of the packet is set 1287 * according to the type of datagram to send. 1288 */ 1289 if (pr->family == AF_INET && raw_req) { 1290 type = SOCK_RAW; 1291 proto = IPPROTO_RAW; 1292 } else if (useicmp) { 1293 type = SOCK_RAW; 1294 if (pr->family == AF_INET) 1295 proto = IPPROTO_ICMP; 1296 else 1297 proto = IPPROTO_ICMPV6; 1298 } else { 1299 type = SOCK_DGRAM; 1300 proto = IPPROTO_UDP; 1301 } 1302 ssock = socket(pr->family, type, proto); 1303 1304 if (ssock < 0) { 1305 if (proto == IPPROTO_RAW) { 1306 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: raw socket: %s\n", prog, 1307 strerror(errno)); 1308 } else if (proto == IPPROTO_UDP) { 1309 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: udp socket: %s\n", prog, 1310 strerror(errno)); 1311 } else { 1312 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: icmp socket: %s\n", prog, 1313 strerror(errno)); 1314 } 1315 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1316 } 1317 1318 if (setsockopt(ssock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&packet_len, 1319 sizeof (packet_len)) < 0) { 1320 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_SNDBUF: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 1321 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1322 } 1323 1324 if (pr->family == AF_INET && raw_req) { 1325 if (setsockopt(ssock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, (char *)&on, 1326 sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1327 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IP_HDRINCL: %s\n", prog, 1328 strerror(errno)); 1329 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1330 } 1331 } 1332 1333 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 1334 if (setsockopt(ssock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&on, 1335 sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1336 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_DEBUG: %s\n", prog, 1337 strerror(errno)); 1338 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1339 } 1340 } 1341 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 1342 if (setsockopt(ssock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 1343 (char *)&on, sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1344 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_DONTROUTE: %s\n", prog, 1345 strerror(errno)); 1346 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1347 } 1348 } 1349 1350 /* 1351 * If a raw IPv4 packet is going to be sent, the Type of Service 1352 * field in the packet will be initialized in set_buffers(). 1353 * Otherwise, it is initialized here using the IPPROTO_IP level 1354 * socket option. 1355 */ 1356 if (settos && !raw_req) { 1357 int_op = tos; 1358 if (setsockopt(ssock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS, (char *)&int_op, 1359 sizeof (int_op)) < 0) { 1360 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IP_TOS: %s\n", prog, 1361 strerror(errno)); 1362 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1363 } 1364 } 1365 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 1366 rcvsock4 = rsock; 1367 sndsock4 = ssock; 1368 } else { 1369 rcvsock6 = rsock; 1370 sndsock6 = ssock; 1371 } 1372 /* Revert to non-privileged user after configuring sockets */ 1373 (void) __priv_bracket(PRIV_OFF); 1374 } 1375 1376 /* 1377 * If we are "probing all", this function calls traceroute() for each IP address 1378 * of the target, otherwise calls only once. Returns _B_FALSE if traceroute() 1379 * fails. 1380 */ 1381 static void 1382 trace_it(struct addrinfo *ai_dst) 1383 { 1384 struct msghdr msg6; 1385 int num_dst_IPaddrs; 1386 struct addrinfo *aip; 1387 int i; 1388 1389 if (!probe_all) 1390 num_dst_IPaddrs = 1; 1391 else 1392 num_dst_IPaddrs = num_v4 + num_v6; 1393 1394 /* 1395 * Initialize the msg6 structure using the hoplimit for the first 1396 * probe packet, gateway addresses and the outgoing interface index. 1397 */ 1398 if (ai_dst->ai_family == AF_INET6 || (probe_all && num_v6)) { 1399 msg6.msg_control = NULL; 1400 msg6.msg_controllen = 0; 1401 set_ancillary_data(&msg6, first_ttl, pr6->gwIPlist, gw_count, 1402 if_index); 1403 } 1404 1405 /* run traceroute for all the IP addresses of the multihomed dest */ 1406 for (aip = ai_dst, i = 0; i < num_dst_IPaddrs && aip != NULL; i++) { 1407 union any_in_addr *addrp; 1408 if (aip->ai_family == AF_INET) { 1409 addrp = (union any_in_addr *) 1410 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1411 &((struct sockaddr_in *) 1412 aip->ai_addr)->sin_addr; 1413 set_sin((struct sockaddr *)pr4->to, addrp, 1414 aip->ai_family); 1415 traceroute(addrp, &msg6, pr4, num_ifs4, al4); 1416 } else { 1417 addrp = (union any_in_addr *) 1418 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1419 &((struct sockaddr_in6 *) 1420 aip->ai_addr)->sin6_addr; 1421 set_sin((struct sockaddr *)pr6->to, addrp, 1422 aip->ai_family); 1423 traceroute(addrp, &msg6, pr6, num_ifs6, al6); 1424 } 1425 aip = aip->ai_next; 1426 if (i < (num_dst_IPaddrs - 1)) 1427 (void) putchar('\n'); 1428 } 1429 } 1430 1431 /* 1432 * set the IP address in a sockaddr struct 1433 */ 1434 static void 1435 set_sin(struct sockaddr *sock, union any_in_addr *addr, int family) 1436 { 1437 sock->sa_family = family; 1438 1439 if (family == AF_INET) 1440 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1441 ((struct sockaddr_in *)sock)->sin_addr = addr->addr; 1442 else 1443 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1444 ((struct sockaddr_in6 *)sock)->sin6_addr = addr->addr6; 1445 } 1446 1447 /* 1448 * returns the IF name on which the given IP address is configured 1449 */ 1450 static char * 1451 device_name(struct ifaddrlist *al, int len, union any_in_addr *ip_addr, 1452 struct pr_set *pr) 1453 { 1454 int i; 1455 struct ifaddrlist *tmp_al; 1456 1457 tmp_al = al; 1458 1459 for (i = 0; i < len; i++, tmp_al++) { 1460 if (memcmp(&tmp_al->addr, ip_addr, pr->addr_len) == 0) { 1461 return (tmp_al->device); 1462 } 1463 } 1464 1465 return (NULL); 1466 } 1467 1468 /* 1469 * Trace the route to the host with given IP address. 1470 */ 1471 static void 1472 traceroute(union any_in_addr *ip_addr, struct msghdr *msg6, struct pr_set *pr, 1473 int num_ifs, struct ifaddrlist *al) 1474 { 1475 int ttl; 1476 int probe; 1477 uchar_t type; /* icmp type */ 1478 uchar_t code; /* icmp code */ 1479 int reply; 1480 int seq = 0; 1481 char temp_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN]; /* use for inet_ntop() */ 1482 int longjmp_return; /* return value from longjump */ 1483 struct ip *ip = (struct ip *)packet; 1484 boolean_t got_there = _B_FALSE; /* we hit the destination */ 1485 static boolean_t first_pkt = _B_TRUE; 1486 int hoplimit; /* hoplimit for IPv6 packets */ 1487 struct in6_addr addr6; 1488 int num_src_ifs; /* excludes down and loopback */ 1489 struct msghdr in_msg; 1490 struct iovec iov; 1491 int *intp; 1492 int sndsock; 1493 int rcvsock; 1494 1495 msg6->msg_name = pr->to; 1496 msg6->msg_namelen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6); 1497 sndsock = (pr->family == AF_INET) ? sndsock4 : sndsock6; 1498 rcvsock = (pr->family == AF_INET) ? rcvsock4 : rcvsock6; 1499 1500 /* carry out the source address selection */ 1501 if (pick_src) { 1502 union any_in_addr src_addr; 1503 char *dev_name; 1504 int i; 1505 1506 /* 1507 * If there's a gateway, a routing header as a consequence, our 1508 * kernel picks the source address based on the first hop 1509 * address, rather than final destination address. 1510 */ 1511 if (gw_count > 0) { 1512 (void) select_src_addr(pr->gwIPlist, &src_addr, 1513 pr->family); 1514 } else { 1515 (void) select_src_addr(ip_addr, &src_addr, pr->family); 1516 } 1517 set_sin(pr->from, &src_addr, pr->family); 1518 1519 /* filter out down and loopback interfaces */ 1520 num_src_ifs = 0; 1521 for (i = 0; i < num_ifs; i++) { 1522 if (!(al[i].flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) && 1523 (al[i].flags & IFF_UP)) 1524 num_src_ifs++; 1525 } 1526 1527 if (num_src_ifs > 1) { 1528 dev_name = device_name(al, num_ifs, &src_addr, pr); 1529 if (dev_name == NULL) 1530 dev_name = "?"; 1531 1532 Fprintf(stderr, 1533 "%s: Warning: Multiple interfaces found;" 1534 " using %s @ %s\n", 1535 prog, inet_ntop(pr->family, 1536 (const void *)pr->from_sin_addr, 1537 temp_buf, sizeof (temp_buf)), 1538 dev_name); 1539 } 1540 } 1541 1542 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 1543 outip4->ip_src = *(struct in_addr *)pr->from_sin_addr; 1544 outip4->ip_dst = ip_addr->addr; 1545 } 1546 1547 /* 1548 * If the hostname is an IPv6 literal address, let's not print it twice. 1549 */ 1550 if (pr->family == AF_INET6 && 1551 inet_pton(AF_INET6, hostname, &addr6) > 0) { 1552 Fprintf(stderr, "%s to %s", prog, hostname); 1553 } else { 1554 Fprintf(stderr, "%s to %s (%s)", prog, hostname, 1555 inet_ntop(pr->family, (const void *)ip_addr, temp_buf, 1556 sizeof (temp_buf))); 1557 } 1558 1559 if (source) 1560 Fprintf(stderr, " from %s", source); 1561 Fprintf(stderr, ", %d hops max, %d byte packets\n", max_ttl, 1562 pr->packlen); 1563 (void) fflush(stderr); 1564 1565 /* 1566 * Setup the source routing for IPv4. For IPv6, we did the required 1567 * setup in the caller function, trace_it(), because it's independent 1568 * from the IP address of target. 1569 */ 1570 if (pr->family == AF_INET && gw_count > 0) 1571 set_IPv4opt_sourcerouting(sndsock, ip_addr, pr->gwIPlist); 1572 1573 if (probe_all) { 1574 /* interrupt handler sig_handler() jumps back to here */ 1575 if ((longjmp_return = setjmp(env)) != 0) { 1576 switch (longjmp_return) { 1577 case SIGINT: 1578 Printf("(skipping)\n"); 1579 return; 1580 case SIGQUIT: 1581 Printf("(exiting)\n"); 1582 exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); 1583 default: /* should never happen */ 1584 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1585 } 1586 } 1587 (void) signal(SIGINT, sig_handler); 1588 } 1589 1590 for (ttl = first_ttl; ttl <= max_ttl; ++ttl) { 1591 union any_in_addr lastaddr; 1592 int timeouts = 0; 1593 double rtt; /* for statistics */ 1594 int nreceived = 0; 1595 double rttmin, rttmax; 1596 double rttsum, rttssq; 1597 int unreachable; 1598 1599 got_there = _B_FALSE; 1600 unreachable = 0; 1601 1602 /* 1603 * The following line clears both IPv4 and IPv6 address stored 1604 * in the union. 1605 */ 1606 lastaddr.addr6 = in6addr_any; 1607 1608 if ((ttl == (first_ttl + 1)) && (options & SO_DONTROUTE)) { 1609 Fprintf(stderr, 1610 "%s: host %s is not on a directly-attached" 1611 " network\n", prog, hostname); 1612 break; 1613 } 1614 1615 Printf("%2d ", ttl); 1616 (void) fflush(stdout); 1617 1618 for (probe = 0; (probe < nprobes) && (timeouts < max_timeout); 1619 ++probe) { 1620 int cc; 1621 struct timeval t1, t2; 1622 1623 /* 1624 * Put a delay before sending this probe packet. Don't 1625 * delay it if it's the very first packet. 1626 */ 1627 if (!first_pkt) { 1628 if (delay.tv_sec > 0) 1629 (void) sleep((uint_t)delay.tv_sec); 1630 if (delay.tv_usec > 0) 1631 (void) usleep(delay.tv_usec); 1632 } else { 1633 first_pkt = _B_FALSE; 1634 } 1635 1636 (void) gettimeofday(&t1, NULL); 1637 1638 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 1639 send_probe(sndsock, pr->to, outip4, seq, ttl, 1640 &t1, pr->packlen); 1641 } else { 1642 send_probe6(sndsock, msg6, outip6, seq, ttl, 1643 &t1, pr->packlen); 1644 } 1645 1646 /* prepare msghdr for recvmsg() */ 1647 in_msg.msg_name = pr->from; 1648 in_msg.msg_namelen = pr->sock_size; 1649 1650 iov.iov_base = (char *)packet; 1651 iov.iov_len = sizeof (packet); 1652 1653 in_msg.msg_iov = &iov; 1654 in_msg.msg_iovlen = 1; 1655 1656 in_msg.msg_control = ancillary_data; 1657 in_msg.msg_controllen = sizeof (ancillary_data); 1658 1659 while ((cc = wait_for_reply(rcvsock, &in_msg, 1660 &t1)) != 0) { 1661 (void) gettimeofday(&t2, NULL); 1662 1663 reply = (*pr->check_reply_fn) (&in_msg, cc, seq, 1664 &type, &code); 1665 1666 in_msg.msg_controllen = 1667 sizeof (ancillary_data); 1668 /* Skip short packet */ 1669 if (reply == REPLY_SHORT_PKT) { 1670 continue; 1671 } 1672 1673 timeouts = 0; 1674 1675 /* 1676 * if reply comes from a different host, print 1677 * the hostname 1678 */ 1679 if (memcmp(pr->from_sin_addr, &lastaddr, 1680 pr->addr_len) != 0) { 1681 (*pr->print_addr_fn) ((uchar_t *)packet, 1682 cc, pr->from); 1683 /* store the address response */ 1684 (void) memcpy(&lastaddr, 1685 pr->from_sin_addr, pr->addr_len); 1686 } 1687 1688 rtt = deltaT(&t1, &t2); 1689 if (collect_stat) { 1690 record_stats(rtt, &nreceived, &rttmin, 1691 &rttmax, &rttsum, &rttssq); 1692 } else { 1693 Printf(" %.3f ms", rtt); 1694 } 1695 1696 if (pr->family == AF_INET6) { 1697 intp = 1698 (int *)find_ancillary_data(&in_msg, 1699 IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_HOPLIMIT); 1700 if (intp == NULL) { 1701 Fprintf(stderr, 1702 "%s: can't find " 1703 "IPV6_HOPLIMIT ancillary " 1704 "data\n", prog); 1705 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1706 } 1707 hoplimit = *intp; 1708 } 1709 1710 if (reply == REPLY_GOT_TARGET) { 1711 got_there = _B_TRUE; 1712 1713 if (((pr->family == AF_INET) && 1714 (ip->ip_ttl <= 1)) || 1715 ((pr->family == AF_INET6) && 1716 (hoplimit <= 1))) 1717 Printf(" !"); 1718 } 1719 1720 if (!collect_stat && showttl) { 1721 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 1722 Printf(" (ttl=%d)", 1723 (int)ip->ip_ttl); 1724 } else if (hoplimit != -1) { 1725 Printf(" (hop limit=%d)", 1726 hoplimit); 1727 } 1728 } 1729 1730 if (reply == REPLY_GOT_OTHER) { 1731 if ((*pr->print_icmp_other_fn) 1732 (type, code)) { 1733 unreachable++; 1734 } 1735 } 1736 1737 /* special case */ 1738 if (pr->family == AF_INET && 1739 type == ICMP_UNREACH && 1740 code == ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL) 1741 got_there = _B_TRUE; 1742 1743 break; 1744 } 1745 1746 seq = (seq + 1) % (MAX_SEQ + 1); 1747 1748 if (cc == 0) { 1749 Printf(" *"); 1750 timeouts++; 1751 } 1752 1753 (void) fflush(stdout); 1754 } 1755 1756 if (collect_stat) { 1757 print_stats(probe, nreceived, rttmin, rttmax, rttsum, 1758 rttssq); 1759 } 1760 1761 (void) putchar('\n'); 1762 1763 /* either we hit the target or received too many unreachables */ 1764 if (got_there || 1765 (unreachable > 0 && unreachable >= nprobes - 1)) 1766 break; 1767 } 1768 1769 /* Ignore the SIGINT between traceroute() runs */ 1770 if (probe_all) 1771 (void) signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 1772 } 1773 1774 /* 1775 * for a given destination address and address family, it finds out what 1776 * source address kernel is going to pick 1777 */ 1778 static void 1779 select_src_addr(union any_in_addr *dst_addr, union any_in_addr *src_addr, 1780 int family) 1781 { 1782 int tmp_fd; 1783 struct sockaddr *sock; 1784 struct sockaddr_in *sin; 1785 struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6; 1786 size_t sock_len; 1787 1788 sock = (struct sockaddr *)malloc(sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6)); 1789 if (sock == NULL) { 1790 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: malloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 1791 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1792 } 1793 (void) bzero(sock, sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6)); 1794 1795 if (family == AF_INET) { 1796 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1797 sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)sock; 1798 sin->sin_family = AF_INET; 1799 sin->sin_addr = dst_addr->addr; 1800 sin->sin_port = IPPORT_ECHO; /* port shouldn't be 0 */ 1801 sock_len = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in); 1802 } else { 1803 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1804 sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)sock; 1805 sin6->sin6_family = AF_INET6; 1806 sin6->sin6_addr = dst_addr->addr6; 1807 sin6->sin6_port = IPPORT_ECHO; /* port shouldn't be 0 */ 1808 sock_len = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6); 1809 } 1810 1811 /* open a UDP socket */ 1812 if ((tmp_fd = socket(family, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) { 1813 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: udp socket: %s\n", prog, 1814 strerror(errno)); 1815 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1816 } 1817 1818 /* connect it */ 1819 if (connect(tmp_fd, sock, sock_len) < 0) { 1820 /* 1821 * If there's no route to the destination, this connect() call 1822 * fails. We just return all-zero (wildcard) as the source 1823 * address, so that user can get to see "no route to dest" 1824 * message, as it'll try to send the probe packet out and will 1825 * receive ICMP unreachable. 1826 */ 1827 if (family == AF_INET) 1828 src_addr->addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; 1829 else 1830 src_addr->addr6 = in6addr_any; 1831 free(sock); 1832 return; 1833 } 1834 1835 /* get the local sock info */ 1836 if (getsockname(tmp_fd, sock, &sock_len) < 0) { 1837 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: getsockname: %s\n", prog, 1838 strerror(errno)); 1839 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1840 } 1841 1842 if (family == AF_INET) { 1843 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1844 sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)sock; 1845 src_addr->addr = sin->sin_addr; 1846 } else { 1847 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1848 sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)sock; 1849 src_addr->addr6 = sin6->sin6_addr; 1850 } 1851 1852 free(sock); 1853 (void) close(tmp_fd); 1854 } 1855 1856 /* 1857 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) 1858 */ 1859 ushort_t 1860 in_cksum(ushort_t *addr, int len) 1861 { 1862 int nleft = len; 1863 ushort_t *w = addr; 1864 ushort_t answer; 1865 int sum = 0; 1866 1867 /* 1868 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), 1869 * we add sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold 1870 * back all the carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 1871 * 16 bits. 1872 */ 1873 while (nleft > 1) { 1874 sum += *w++; 1875 nleft -= 2; 1876 } 1877 1878 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ 1879 if (nleft == 1) 1880 sum += *(uchar_t *)w; 1881 1882 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ 1883 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ 1884 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ 1885 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ 1886 return (answer); 1887 } 1888 1889 /* 1890 * Wait until a reply arrives or timeout occurs. If packet arrived, read it 1891 * return the size of the packet read. 1892 */ 1893 static int 1894 wait_for_reply(int sock, struct msghdr *msg, struct timeval *tp) 1895 { 1896 fd_set fds; 1897 struct timeval now, wait; 1898 int cc = 0; 1899 int result; 1900 1901 (void) FD_ZERO(&fds); 1902 FD_SET(sock, &fds); 1903 1904 wait.tv_sec = tp->tv_sec + waittime; 1905 wait.tv_usec = tp->tv_usec; 1906 (void) gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 1907 tv_sub(&wait, &now); 1908 1909 if (wait.tv_sec < 0 || wait.tv_usec < 0) 1910 return (0); 1911 1912 result = select(sock + 1, &fds, (fd_set *)NULL, (fd_set *)NULL, &wait); 1913 1914 if (result == -1) { 1915 if (errno != EINTR) { 1916 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: select: %s\n", prog, 1917 strerror(errno)); 1918 } 1919 } else if (result > 0) 1920 cc = recvmsg(sock, msg, 0); 1921 1922 return (cc); 1923 } 1924 1925 /* 1926 * Construct an Internet address representation. If the nflag has been supplied, 1927 * give numeric value, otherwise try for symbolic name. 1928 */ 1929 char * 1930 inet_name(union any_in_addr *in, int family) 1931 { 1932 char *cp; 1933 static boolean_t first = _B_TRUE; 1934 static char domain[NI_MAXHOST + 1]; 1935 static char line[NI_MAXHOST + 1]; /* assuming */ 1936 /* (NI_MAXHOST + 1) >= INET6_ADDRSTRLEN */ 1937 char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST]; 1938 socklen_t slen; 1939 struct sockaddr_in sin; 1940 struct sockaddr_in6 sin6; 1941 struct sockaddr *sa; 1942 int flags; 1943 1944 switch (family) { 1945 case AF_INET: 1946 slen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in); 1947 sin.sin_addr = in->addr; 1948 sin.sin_port = 0; 1949 sa = (struct sockaddr *)&sin; 1950 break; 1951 case AF_INET6: 1952 slen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6); 1953 sin6.sin6_addr = in->addr6; 1954 sin6.sin6_port = 0; 1955 sa = (struct sockaddr *)&sin6; 1956 break; 1957 deafult: 1958 (void) snprintf(line, sizeof (line), 1959 "<invalid address family>"); 1960 return (line); 1961 } 1962 sa->sa_family = family; 1963 1964 if (first && !nflag) { 1965 /* find out the domain name */ 1966 first = _B_FALSE; 1967 if (gethostname(domain, MAXHOSTNAMELEN) == 0 && 1968 (cp = strchr(domain, '.')) != NULL) { 1969 (void) strncpy(domain, cp + 1, sizeof (domain) - 1); 1970 domain[sizeof (domain) - 1] = '\0'; 1971 } else { 1972 domain[0] = '\0'; 1973 } 1974 } 1975 1976 flags = (nflag) ? NI_NUMERICHOST : NI_NAMEREQD; 1977 if (getnameinfo(sa, slen, hbuf, sizeof (hbuf), NULL, 0, flags) != 0) { 1978 if (inet_ntop(family, (const void *)&in->addr6, 1979 hbuf, sizeof (hbuf)) == NULL) 1980 hbuf[0] = 0; 1981 } else if (!nflag && (cp = strchr(hbuf, '.')) != NULL && 1982 strcmp(cp + 1, domain) == 0) { 1983 *cp = '\0'; 1984 } 1985 (void) strlcpy(line, hbuf, sizeof (line)); 1986 1987 return (line); 1988 } 1989 1990 /* 1991 * return the difference (in msec) between two time values 1992 */ 1993 static double 1994 deltaT(struct timeval *t1p, struct timeval *t2p) 1995 { 1996 double dt; 1997 1998 dt = (double)(t2p->tv_sec - t1p->tv_sec) * 1000.0 + 1999 (double)(t2p->tv_usec - t1p->tv_usec) / 1000.0; 2000 return (dt); 2001 } 2002 2003 /* 2004 * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. 2005 * Out is assumed to be >= in. 2006 */ 2007 static void 2008 tv_sub(struct timeval *out, struct timeval *in) 2009 { 2010 if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) { 2011 --out->tv_sec; 2012 out->tv_usec += 1000000; 2013 } 2014 out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec; 2015 } 2016 2017 /* 2018 * record statistics 2019 */ 2020 static void 2021 record_stats(double rtt, int *nreceived, double *rttmin, double *rttmax, 2022 double *rttsum, double *rttssq) 2023 { 2024 if (*nreceived == 0) { 2025 *rttmin = rtt; 2026 *rttmax = rtt; 2027 *rttsum = rtt; 2028 *rttssq = rtt * rtt; 2029 } else { 2030 if (rtt < *rttmin) 2031 *rttmin = rtt; 2032 2033 if (rtt > *rttmax) 2034 *rttmax = rtt; 2035 2036 *rttsum += rtt; 2037 *rttssq += rtt * rtt; 2038 } 2039 2040 (*nreceived)++; 2041 } 2042 2043 /* 2044 * display statistics 2045 */ 2046 static void 2047 print_stats(int ntransmitted, int nreceived, double rttmin, double rttmax, 2048 double rttsum, double rttssq) 2049 { 2050 double rttavg; /* average round-trip time */ 2051 double rttstd; /* rtt standard deviation */ 2052 2053 if (ntransmitted > 0 && ntransmitted >= nreceived) { 2054 int missed = ntransmitted - nreceived; 2055 double loss = 100 * (double)missed / (double)ntransmitted; 2056 2057 if (nreceived > 0) { 2058 rttavg = rttsum / nreceived; 2059 rttstd = rttssq - (rttavg * rttsum); 2060 rttstd = xsqrt(rttstd / nreceived); 2061 2062 Printf(" %.3f", rttmin); 2063 Printf("/%.3f", rttavg); 2064 Printf("/%.3f", rttmax); 2065 2066 Printf(" (%.3f) ms ", rttstd); 2067 } 2068 2069 Printf(" %d/%d pkts", nreceived, ntransmitted); 2070 2071 if (nreceived == 0) 2072 Printf(" (100%% loss)"); 2073 else 2074 Printf(" (%.2g%% loss)", loss); 2075 } 2076 } 2077 2078 /* 2079 * square root function 2080 */ 2081 double 2082 xsqrt(double y) 2083 { 2084 double t, x; 2085 2086 if (y <= 0) { 2087 return (0.0); 2088 } 2089 2090 x = (y < 1.0) ? 1.0 : y; 2091 do { 2092 t = x; 2093 x = (t + (y/t))/2.0; 2094 } while (0 < x && x < t); 2095 2096 return (x); 2097 } 2098 2099 /* 2100 * String to double with optional min and max. 2101 */ 2102 static double 2103 str2dbl(const char *str, const char *what, double mi, double ma) 2104 { 2105 double val; 2106 char *ep; 2107 2108 errno = 0; 2109 2110 val = strtod(str, &ep); 2111 if (errno != 0 || *ep != '\0') { 2112 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: \"%s\" bad value for %s \n", 2113 prog, str, what); 2114 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2115 } 2116 if (val < mi && mi >= 0) { 2117 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be >= %f\n", prog, what, mi); 2118 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2119 } 2120 if (val > ma && ma >= 0) { 2121 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be <= %f\n", prog, what, ma); 2122 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2123 } 2124 return (val); 2125 } 2126 2127 /* 2128 * String to int with optional min and max. Handles decimal and hex. 2129 */ 2130 static int 2131 str2int(const char *str, const char *what, int mi, int ma) 2132 { 2133 const char *cp; 2134 int val; 2135 char *ep; 2136 2137 errno = 0; 2138 2139 if (str[0] == '0' && (str[1] == 'x' || str[1] == 'X')) { 2140 cp = str + 2; 2141 val = (int)strtol(cp, &ep, 16); 2142 } else { 2143 val = (int)strtol(str, &ep, 10); 2144 } 2145 if (errno != 0 || *ep != '\0') { 2146 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: \"%s\" bad value for %s \n", 2147 prog, str, what); 2148 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2149 } 2150 if (val < mi && mi >= 0) { 2151 if (mi == 0) { 2152 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be >= %d\n", 2153 prog, what, mi); 2154 } else { 2155 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be > %d\n", 2156 prog, what, mi - 1); 2157 } 2158 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2159 } 2160 if (val > ma && ma >= 0) { 2161 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be <= %d\n", prog, what, ma); 2162 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2163 } 2164 return (val); 2165 } 2166 2167 /* 2168 * This is the interrupt handler for SIGINT and SIGQUIT. It's completely handled 2169 * where it jumps to. 2170 */ 2171 static void 2172 sig_handler(int sig) 2173 { 2174 longjmp(env, sig); 2175 } 2176 2177 /* 2178 * display the usage of traceroute 2179 */ 2180 static void 2181 usage(void) 2182 { 2183 Fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-adFIlnSvx] [-A address_family] " 2184 "[-c traffic_class] \n" 2185 "\t[-f first_hop] [-g gateway [-g gateway ...]| -r] [-i iface]\n" 2186 "\t[-L flow_label] [-m max_hop] [-P pause_sec] [-p port] [-Q max_timeout]\n" 2187 "\t[-q nqueries] [-s src_addr] [-t tos] [-w wait_time] host [packetlen]\n", 2188 prog); 2189 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2190 } 2191