xref: /linux/scripts/mod/modpost.c (revision 7b12b9137930eb821b68e1bfa11e9de692208620)
1 /* Postprocess module symbol versions
2  *
3  * Copyright 2003       Kai Germaschewski
4  * Copyright 2002-2004  Rusty Russell, IBM Corporation
5  * Copyright 2006       Sam Ravnborg
6  * Based in part on module-init-tools/depmod.c,file2alias
7  *
8  * This software may be used and distributed according to the terms
9  * of the GNU General Public License, incorporated herein by reference.
10  *
11  * Usage: modpost vmlinux module1.o module2.o ...
12  */
13 
14 #include <ctype.h>
15 #include "modpost.h"
16 
17 /* Are we using CONFIG_MODVERSIONS? */
18 int modversions = 0;
19 /* Warn about undefined symbols? (do so if we have vmlinux) */
20 int have_vmlinux = 0;
21 /* Is CONFIG_MODULE_SRCVERSION_ALL set? */
22 static int all_versions = 0;
23 /* If we are modposting external module set to 1 */
24 static int external_module = 0;
25 
26 void fatal(const char *fmt, ...)
27 {
28 	va_list arglist;
29 
30 	fprintf(stderr, "FATAL: ");
31 
32 	va_start(arglist, fmt);
33 	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, arglist);
34 	va_end(arglist);
35 
36 	exit(1);
37 }
38 
39 void warn(const char *fmt, ...)
40 {
41 	va_list arglist;
42 
43 	fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: ");
44 
45 	va_start(arglist, fmt);
46 	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, arglist);
47 	va_end(arglist);
48 }
49 
50 static int is_vmlinux(const char *modname)
51 {
52 	const char *myname;
53 
54 	if ((myname = strrchr(modname, '/')))
55 		myname++;
56 	else
57 		myname = modname;
58 
59 	return strcmp(myname, "vmlinux") == 0;
60 }
61 
62 void *do_nofail(void *ptr, const char *expr)
63 {
64 	if (!ptr) {
65 		fatal("modpost: Memory allocation failure: %s.\n", expr);
66 	}
67 	return ptr;
68 }
69 
70 /* A list of all modules we processed */
71 
72 static struct module *modules;
73 
74 static struct module *find_module(char *modname)
75 {
76 	struct module *mod;
77 
78 	for (mod = modules; mod; mod = mod->next)
79 		if (strcmp(mod->name, modname) == 0)
80 			break;
81 	return mod;
82 }
83 
84 static struct module *new_module(char *modname)
85 {
86 	struct module *mod;
87 	char *p, *s;
88 
89 	mod = NOFAIL(malloc(sizeof(*mod)));
90 	memset(mod, 0, sizeof(*mod));
91 	p = NOFAIL(strdup(modname));
92 
93 	/* strip trailing .o */
94 	if ((s = strrchr(p, '.')) != NULL)
95 		if (strcmp(s, ".o") == 0)
96 			*s = '\0';
97 
98 	/* add to list */
99 	mod->name = p;
100 	mod->next = modules;
101 	modules = mod;
102 
103 	return mod;
104 }
105 
106 /* A hash of all exported symbols,
107  * struct symbol is also used for lists of unresolved symbols */
108 
109 #define SYMBOL_HASH_SIZE 1024
110 
111 struct symbol {
112 	struct symbol *next;
113 	struct module *module;
114 	unsigned int crc;
115 	int crc_valid;
116 	unsigned int weak:1;
117 	unsigned int vmlinux:1;    /* 1 if symbol is defined in vmlinux */
118 	unsigned int kernel:1;     /* 1 if symbol is from kernel
119 				    *  (only for external modules) **/
120 	unsigned int preloaded:1;  /* 1 if symbol from Module.symvers */
121 	char name[0];
122 };
123 
124 static struct symbol *symbolhash[SYMBOL_HASH_SIZE];
125 
126 /* This is based on the hash agorithm from gdbm, via tdb */
127 static inline unsigned int tdb_hash(const char *name)
128 {
129 	unsigned value;	/* Used to compute the hash value.  */
130 	unsigned   i;	/* Used to cycle through random values. */
131 
132 	/* Set the initial value from the key size. */
133 	for (value = 0x238F13AF * strlen(name), i=0; name[i]; i++)
134 		value = (value + (((unsigned char *)name)[i] << (i*5 % 24)));
135 
136 	return (1103515243 * value + 12345);
137 }
138 
139 /**
140  * Allocate a new symbols for use in the hash of exported symbols or
141  * the list of unresolved symbols per module
142  **/
143 static struct symbol *alloc_symbol(const char *name, unsigned int weak,
144 				   struct symbol *next)
145 {
146 	struct symbol *s = NOFAIL(malloc(sizeof(*s) + strlen(name) + 1));
147 
148 	memset(s, 0, sizeof(*s));
149 	strcpy(s->name, name);
150 	s->weak = weak;
151 	s->next = next;
152 	return s;
153 }
154 
155 /* For the hash of exported symbols */
156 static struct symbol *new_symbol(const char *name, struct module *module)
157 {
158 	unsigned int hash;
159 	struct symbol *new;
160 
161 	hash = tdb_hash(name) % SYMBOL_HASH_SIZE;
162 	new = symbolhash[hash] = alloc_symbol(name, 0, symbolhash[hash]);
163 	new->module = module;
164 	return new;
165 }
166 
167 static struct symbol *find_symbol(const char *name)
168 {
169 	struct symbol *s;
170 
171 	/* For our purposes, .foo matches foo.  PPC64 needs this. */
172 	if (name[0] == '.')
173 		name++;
174 
175 	for (s = symbolhash[tdb_hash(name) % SYMBOL_HASH_SIZE]; s; s=s->next) {
176 		if (strcmp(s->name, name) == 0)
177 			return s;
178 	}
179 	return NULL;
180 }
181 
182 /**
183  * Add an exported symbol - it may have already been added without a
184  * CRC, in this case just update the CRC
185  **/
186 static struct symbol *sym_add_exported(const char *name, struct module *mod)
187 {
188 	struct symbol *s = find_symbol(name);
189 
190 	if (!s) {
191 		s = new_symbol(name, mod);
192 	} else {
193 		if (!s->preloaded) {
194 			warn("%s: '%s' exported twice. Previous export "
195 			     "was in %s%s\n", mod->name, name,
196 			     s->module->name,
197 			     is_vmlinux(s->module->name) ?"":".ko");
198 		}
199 	}
200 	s->preloaded = 0;
201 	s->vmlinux   = is_vmlinux(mod->name);
202 	s->kernel    = 0;
203 	return s;
204 }
205 
206 static void sym_update_crc(const char *name, struct module *mod,
207 			   unsigned int crc)
208 {
209 	struct symbol *s = find_symbol(name);
210 
211 	if (!s)
212 		s = new_symbol(name, mod);
213 	s->crc = crc;
214 	s->crc_valid = 1;
215 }
216 
217 void *grab_file(const char *filename, unsigned long *size)
218 {
219 	struct stat st;
220 	void *map;
221 	int fd;
222 
223 	fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
224 	if (fd < 0 || fstat(fd, &st) != 0)
225 		return NULL;
226 
227 	*size = st.st_size;
228 	map = mmap(NULL, *size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
229 	close(fd);
230 
231 	if (map == MAP_FAILED)
232 		return NULL;
233 	return map;
234 }
235 
236 /**
237   * Return a copy of the next line in a mmap'ed file.
238   * spaces in the beginning of the line is trimmed away.
239   * Return a pointer to a static buffer.
240   **/
241 char* get_next_line(unsigned long *pos, void *file, unsigned long size)
242 {
243 	static char line[4096];
244 	int skip = 1;
245 	size_t len = 0;
246 	signed char *p = (signed char *)file + *pos;
247 	char *s = line;
248 
249 	for (; *pos < size ; (*pos)++)
250 	{
251 		if (skip && isspace(*p)) {
252 			p++;
253 			continue;
254 		}
255 		skip = 0;
256 		if (*p != '\n' && (*pos < size)) {
257 			len++;
258 			*s++ = *p++;
259 			if (len > 4095)
260 				break; /* Too long, stop */
261 		} else {
262 			/* End of string */
263 			*s = '\0';
264 			return line;
265 		}
266 	}
267 	/* End of buffer */
268 	return NULL;
269 }
270 
271 void release_file(void *file, unsigned long size)
272 {
273 	munmap(file, size);
274 }
275 
276 static void parse_elf(struct elf_info *info, const char *filename)
277 {
278 	unsigned int i;
279 	Elf_Ehdr *hdr = info->hdr;
280 	Elf_Shdr *sechdrs;
281 	Elf_Sym  *sym;
282 
283 	hdr = grab_file(filename, &info->size);
284 	if (!hdr) {
285 		perror(filename);
286 		abort();
287 	}
288 	info->hdr = hdr;
289 	if (info->size < sizeof(*hdr))
290 		goto truncated;
291 
292 	/* Fix endianness in ELF header */
293 	hdr->e_shoff    = TO_NATIVE(hdr->e_shoff);
294 	hdr->e_shstrndx = TO_NATIVE(hdr->e_shstrndx);
295 	hdr->e_shnum    = TO_NATIVE(hdr->e_shnum);
296 	hdr->e_machine  = TO_NATIVE(hdr->e_machine);
297 	sechdrs = (void *)hdr + hdr->e_shoff;
298 	info->sechdrs = sechdrs;
299 
300 	/* Fix endianness in section headers */
301 	for (i = 0; i < hdr->e_shnum; i++) {
302 		sechdrs[i].sh_type   = TO_NATIVE(sechdrs[i].sh_type);
303 		sechdrs[i].sh_offset = TO_NATIVE(sechdrs[i].sh_offset);
304 		sechdrs[i].sh_size   = TO_NATIVE(sechdrs[i].sh_size);
305 		sechdrs[i].sh_link   = TO_NATIVE(sechdrs[i].sh_link);
306 		sechdrs[i].sh_name   = TO_NATIVE(sechdrs[i].sh_name);
307 	}
308 	/* Find symbol table. */
309 	for (i = 1; i < hdr->e_shnum; i++) {
310 		const char *secstrings
311 			= (void *)hdr + sechdrs[hdr->e_shstrndx].sh_offset;
312 
313 		if (sechdrs[i].sh_offset > info->size)
314 			goto truncated;
315 		if (strcmp(secstrings+sechdrs[i].sh_name, ".modinfo") == 0) {
316 			info->modinfo = (void *)hdr + sechdrs[i].sh_offset;
317 			info->modinfo_len = sechdrs[i].sh_size;
318 		}
319 		if (sechdrs[i].sh_type != SHT_SYMTAB)
320 			continue;
321 
322 		info->symtab_start = (void *)hdr + sechdrs[i].sh_offset;
323 		info->symtab_stop  = (void *)hdr + sechdrs[i].sh_offset
324 			                         + sechdrs[i].sh_size;
325 		info->strtab       = (void *)hdr +
326 			             sechdrs[sechdrs[i].sh_link].sh_offset;
327 	}
328 	if (!info->symtab_start) {
329 		fatal("%s has no symtab?\n", filename);
330 	}
331 	/* Fix endianness in symbols */
332 	for (sym = info->symtab_start; sym < info->symtab_stop; sym++) {
333 		sym->st_shndx = TO_NATIVE(sym->st_shndx);
334 		sym->st_name  = TO_NATIVE(sym->st_name);
335 		sym->st_value = TO_NATIVE(sym->st_value);
336 		sym->st_size  = TO_NATIVE(sym->st_size);
337 	}
338 	return;
339 
340  truncated:
341 	fatal("%s is truncated.\n", filename);
342 }
343 
344 static void parse_elf_finish(struct elf_info *info)
345 {
346 	release_file(info->hdr, info->size);
347 }
348 
349 #define CRC_PFX     MODULE_SYMBOL_PREFIX "__crc_"
350 #define KSYMTAB_PFX MODULE_SYMBOL_PREFIX "__ksymtab_"
351 
352 static void handle_modversions(struct module *mod, struct elf_info *info,
353 			       Elf_Sym *sym, const char *symname)
354 {
355 	unsigned int crc;
356 
357 	switch (sym->st_shndx) {
358 	case SHN_COMMON:
359 		warn("\"%s\" [%s] is COMMON symbol\n", symname, mod->name);
360 		break;
361 	case SHN_ABS:
362 		/* CRC'd symbol */
363 		if (memcmp(symname, CRC_PFX, strlen(CRC_PFX)) == 0) {
364 			crc = (unsigned int) sym->st_value;
365 			sym_update_crc(symname + strlen(CRC_PFX), mod, crc);
366 		}
367 		break;
368 	case SHN_UNDEF:
369 		/* undefined symbol */
370 		if (ELF_ST_BIND(sym->st_info) != STB_GLOBAL &&
371 		    ELF_ST_BIND(sym->st_info) != STB_WEAK)
372 			break;
373 		/* ignore global offset table */
374 		if (strcmp(symname, "_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_") == 0)
375 			break;
376 		/* ignore __this_module, it will be resolved shortly */
377 		if (strcmp(symname, MODULE_SYMBOL_PREFIX "__this_module") == 0)
378 			break;
379 /* cope with newer glibc (2.3.4 or higher) STT_ definition in elf.h */
380 #if defined(STT_REGISTER) || defined(STT_SPARC_REGISTER)
381 /* add compatibility with older glibc */
382 #ifndef STT_SPARC_REGISTER
383 #define STT_SPARC_REGISTER STT_REGISTER
384 #endif
385 		if (info->hdr->e_machine == EM_SPARC ||
386 		    info->hdr->e_machine == EM_SPARCV9) {
387 			/* Ignore register directives. */
388 			if (ELF_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info) == STT_SPARC_REGISTER)
389 				break;
390 			if (symname[0] == '.') {
391 				char *munged = strdup(symname);
392 				munged[0] = '_';
393 				munged[1] = toupper(munged[1]);
394 				symname = munged;
395 			}
396 		}
397 #endif
398 
399 		if (memcmp(symname, MODULE_SYMBOL_PREFIX,
400 			   strlen(MODULE_SYMBOL_PREFIX)) == 0)
401 			mod->unres = alloc_symbol(symname +
402 						  strlen(MODULE_SYMBOL_PREFIX),
403 						  ELF_ST_BIND(sym->st_info) == STB_WEAK,
404 						  mod->unres);
405 		break;
406 	default:
407 		/* All exported symbols */
408 		if (memcmp(symname, KSYMTAB_PFX, strlen(KSYMTAB_PFX)) == 0) {
409 			sym_add_exported(symname + strlen(KSYMTAB_PFX), mod);
410 		}
411 		if (strcmp(symname, MODULE_SYMBOL_PREFIX "init_module") == 0)
412 			mod->has_init = 1;
413 		if (strcmp(symname, MODULE_SYMBOL_PREFIX "cleanup_module") == 0)
414 			mod->has_cleanup = 1;
415 		break;
416 	}
417 }
418 
419 /**
420  * Parse tag=value strings from .modinfo section
421  **/
422 static char *next_string(char *string, unsigned long *secsize)
423 {
424 	/* Skip non-zero chars */
425 	while (string[0]) {
426 		string++;
427 		if ((*secsize)-- <= 1)
428 			return NULL;
429 	}
430 
431 	/* Skip any zero padding. */
432 	while (!string[0]) {
433 		string++;
434 		if ((*secsize)-- <= 1)
435 			return NULL;
436 	}
437 	return string;
438 }
439 
440 static char *get_modinfo(void *modinfo, unsigned long modinfo_len,
441 			 const char *tag)
442 {
443 	char *p;
444 	unsigned int taglen = strlen(tag);
445 	unsigned long size = modinfo_len;
446 
447 	for (p = modinfo; p; p = next_string(p, &size)) {
448 		if (strncmp(p, tag, taglen) == 0 && p[taglen] == '=')
449 			return p + taglen + 1;
450 	}
451 	return NULL;
452 }
453 
454 /**
455  * Test if string s ends in string sub
456  * return 0 if match
457  **/
458 static int strrcmp(const char *s, const char *sub)
459 {
460         int slen, sublen;
461 
462 	if (!s || !sub)
463 		return 1;
464 
465 	slen = strlen(s);
466         sublen = strlen(sub);
467 
468 	if ((slen == 0) || (sublen == 0))
469 		return 1;
470 
471         if (sublen > slen)
472                 return 1;
473 
474         return memcmp(s + slen - sublen, sub, sublen);
475 }
476 
477 /**
478  * Whitelist to allow certain references to pass with no warning.
479  * Pattern 1:
480  *   If a module parameter is declared __initdata and permissions=0
481  *   then this is legal despite the warning generated.
482  *   We cannot see value of permissions here, so just ignore
483  *   this pattern.
484  *   The pattern is identified by:
485  *   tosec   = .init.data
486  *   fromsec = .data*
487  *   atsym   =__param*
488  *
489  * Pattern 2:
490  *   Many drivers utilise a *_driver container with references to
491  *   add, remove, probe functions etc.
492  *   These functions may often be marked __init and we do not want to
493  *   warn here.
494  *   the pattern is identified by:
495  *   tosec   = .init.text | .exit.text | .init.data
496  *   fromsec = .data
497  *   atsym = *_driver, *_template, *_sht, *_ops, *_probe, *probe_one
498  **/
499 static int secref_whitelist(const char *tosec, const char *fromsec,
500 			    const char *atsym)
501 {
502 	int f1 = 1, f2 = 1;
503 	const char **s;
504 	const char *pat2sym[] = {
505 		"_driver",
506 		"_template", /* scsi uses *_template a lot */
507 		"_sht",      /* scsi also used *_sht to some extent */
508 		"_ops",
509 		"_probe",
510 		"_probe_one",
511 		NULL
512 	};
513 
514 	/* Check for pattern 1 */
515 	if (strcmp(tosec, ".init.data") != 0)
516 		f1 = 0;
517 	if (strncmp(fromsec, ".data", strlen(".data")) != 0)
518 		f1 = 0;
519 	if (strncmp(atsym, "__param", strlen("__param")) != 0)
520 		f1 = 0;
521 
522 	if (f1)
523 		return f1;
524 
525 	/* Check for pattern 2 */
526 	if ((strcmp(tosec, ".init.text") != 0) &&
527 	    (strcmp(tosec, ".exit.text") != 0) &&
528 	    (strcmp(tosec, ".init.data") != 0))
529 		f2 = 0;
530 	if (strcmp(fromsec, ".data") != 0)
531 		f2 = 0;
532 
533 	for (s = pat2sym; *s; s++)
534 		if (strrcmp(atsym, *s) == 0)
535 			f1 = 1;
536 
537 	return f1 && f2;
538 }
539 
540 /**
541  * Find symbol based on relocation record info.
542  * In some cases the symbol supplied is a valid symbol so
543  * return refsym. If st_name != 0 we assume this is a valid symbol.
544  * In other cases the symbol needs to be looked up in the symbol table
545  * based on section and address.
546  *  **/
547 static Elf_Sym *find_elf_symbol(struct elf_info *elf, Elf_Addr addr,
548 				Elf_Sym *relsym)
549 {
550 	Elf_Sym *sym;
551 
552 	if (relsym->st_name != 0)
553 		return relsym;
554 	for (sym = elf->symtab_start; sym < elf->symtab_stop; sym++) {
555 		if (sym->st_shndx != relsym->st_shndx)
556 			continue;
557 		if (sym->st_value == addr)
558 			return sym;
559 	}
560 	return NULL;
561 }
562 
563 /*
564  * Find symbols before or equal addr and after addr - in the section sec.
565  * If we find two symbols with equal offset prefer one with a valid name.
566  * The ELF format may have a better way to detect what type of symbol
567  * it is, but this works for now.
568  **/
569 static void find_symbols_between(struct elf_info *elf, Elf_Addr addr,
570 				 const char *sec,
571 			         Elf_Sym **before, Elf_Sym **after)
572 {
573 	Elf_Sym *sym;
574 	Elf_Ehdr *hdr = elf->hdr;
575 	Elf_Addr beforediff = ~0;
576 	Elf_Addr afterdiff = ~0;
577 	const char *secstrings = (void *)hdr +
578 				 elf->sechdrs[hdr->e_shstrndx].sh_offset;
579 
580 	*before = NULL;
581 	*after = NULL;
582 
583 	for (sym = elf->symtab_start; sym < elf->symtab_stop; sym++) {
584 		const char *symsec;
585 
586 		if (sym->st_shndx >= SHN_LORESERVE)
587 			continue;
588 		symsec = secstrings + elf->sechdrs[sym->st_shndx].sh_name;
589 		if (strcmp(symsec, sec) != 0)
590 			continue;
591 		if (sym->st_value <= addr) {
592 			if ((addr - sym->st_value) < beforediff) {
593 				beforediff = addr - sym->st_value;
594 				*before = sym;
595 			}
596 			else if ((addr - sym->st_value) == beforediff) {
597 				/* equal offset, valid name? */
598 				const char *name = elf->strtab + sym->st_name;
599 				if (name && strlen(name))
600 					*before = sym;
601 			}
602 		}
603 		else
604 		{
605 			if ((sym->st_value - addr) < afterdiff) {
606 				afterdiff = sym->st_value - addr;
607 				*after = sym;
608 			}
609 			else if ((sym->st_value - addr) == afterdiff) {
610 				/* equal offset, valid name? */
611 				const char *name = elf->strtab + sym->st_name;
612 				if (name && strlen(name))
613 					*after = sym;
614 			}
615 		}
616 	}
617 }
618 
619 /**
620  * Print a warning about a section mismatch.
621  * Try to find symbols near it so user can find it.
622  * Check whitelist before warning - it may be a false positive.
623  **/
624 static void warn_sec_mismatch(const char *modname, const char *fromsec,
625 			      struct elf_info *elf, Elf_Sym *sym, Elf_Rela r)
626 {
627 	const char *refsymname = "";
628 	Elf_Sym *before, *after;
629 	Elf_Sym *refsym;
630 	Elf_Ehdr *hdr = elf->hdr;
631 	Elf_Shdr *sechdrs = elf->sechdrs;
632 	const char *secstrings = (void *)hdr +
633 				 sechdrs[hdr->e_shstrndx].sh_offset;
634 	const char *secname = secstrings + sechdrs[sym->st_shndx].sh_name;
635 
636 	find_symbols_between(elf, r.r_offset, fromsec, &before, &after);
637 
638 	refsym = find_elf_symbol(elf, r.r_addend, sym);
639 	if (refsym && strlen(elf->strtab + refsym->st_name))
640 		refsymname = elf->strtab + refsym->st_name;
641 
642 	/* check whitelist - we may ignore it */
643 	if (before &&
644 	    secref_whitelist(secname, fromsec, elf->strtab + before->st_name))
645 		return;
646 
647 	if (before && after) {
648 		warn("%s - Section mismatch: reference to %s:%s from %s "
649 		     "between '%s' (at offset 0x%llx) and '%s'\n",
650 		     modname, secname, refsymname, fromsec,
651 		     elf->strtab + before->st_name,
652 		     (long long)r.r_offset,
653 		     elf->strtab + after->st_name);
654 	} else if (before) {
655 		warn("%s - Section mismatch: reference to %s:%s from %s "
656 		     "after '%s' (at offset 0x%llx)\n",
657 		     modname, secname, refsymname, fromsec,
658 		     elf->strtab + before->st_name,
659 		     (long long)r.r_offset);
660 	} else if (after) {
661 		warn("%s - Section mismatch: reference to %s:%s from %s "
662 		     "before '%s' (at offset -0x%llx)\n",
663 		     modname, secname, refsymname, fromsec,
664 		     elf->strtab + after->st_name,
665 		     (long long)r.r_offset);
666 	} else {
667 		warn("%s - Section mismatch: reference to %s:%s from %s "
668 		     "(offset 0x%llx)\n",
669 		     modname, secname, fromsec, refsymname,
670 		     (long long)r.r_offset);
671 	}
672 }
673 
674 /**
675  * A module includes a number of sections that are discarded
676  * either when loaded or when used as built-in.
677  * For loaded modules all functions marked __init and all data
678  * marked __initdata will be discarded when the module has been intialized.
679  * Likewise for modules used built-in the sections marked __exit
680  * are discarded because __exit marked function are supposed to be called
681  * only when a moduel is unloaded which never happes for built-in modules.
682  * The check_sec_ref() function traverses all relocation records
683  * to find all references to a section that reference a section that will
684  * be discarded and warns about it.
685  **/
686 static void check_sec_ref(struct module *mod, const char *modname,
687 			  struct elf_info *elf,
688 			  int section(const char*),
689 			  int section_ref_ok(const char *))
690 {
691 	int i;
692 	Elf_Sym  *sym;
693 	Elf_Ehdr *hdr = elf->hdr;
694 	Elf_Shdr *sechdrs = elf->sechdrs;
695 	const char *secstrings = (void *)hdr +
696 				 sechdrs[hdr->e_shstrndx].sh_offset;
697 
698 	/* Walk through all sections */
699 	for (i = 0; i < hdr->e_shnum; i++) {
700 		Elf_Rela *rela;
701 		Elf_Rela *start = (void *)hdr + sechdrs[i].sh_offset;
702 		Elf_Rela *stop  = (void*)start + sechdrs[i].sh_size;
703 		const char *name = secstrings + sechdrs[i].sh_name +
704 						strlen(".rela");
705 		/* We want to process only relocation sections and not .init */
706 		if (section_ref_ok(name) || (sechdrs[i].sh_type != SHT_RELA))
707 			continue;
708 
709 		for (rela = start; rela < stop; rela++) {
710 			Elf_Rela r;
711 			const char *secname;
712 			r.r_offset = TO_NATIVE(rela->r_offset);
713 			r.r_info   = TO_NATIVE(rela->r_info);
714 			r.r_addend = TO_NATIVE(rela->r_addend);
715 			sym = elf->symtab_start + ELF_R_SYM(r.r_info);
716 			/* Skip special sections */
717 			if (sym->st_shndx >= SHN_LORESERVE)
718 				continue;
719 
720 			secname = secstrings + sechdrs[sym->st_shndx].sh_name;
721 			if (section(secname))
722 				warn_sec_mismatch(modname, name, elf, sym, r);
723 		}
724 	}
725 }
726 
727 /**
728  * Functions used only during module init is marked __init and is stored in
729  * a .init.text section. Likewise data is marked __initdata and stored in
730  * a .init.data section.
731  * If this section is one of these sections return 1
732  * See include/linux/init.h for the details
733  **/
734 static int init_section(const char *name)
735 {
736 	if (strcmp(name, ".init") == 0)
737 		return 1;
738 	if (strncmp(name, ".init.", strlen(".init.")) == 0)
739 		return 1;
740 	return 0;
741 }
742 
743 /**
744  * Identify sections from which references to a .init section is OK.
745  *
746  * Unfortunately references to read only data that referenced .init
747  * sections had to be excluded. Almost all of these are false
748  * positives, they are created by gcc. The downside of excluding rodata
749  * is that there really are some user references from rodata to
750  * init code, e.g. drivers/video/vgacon.c:
751  *
752  * const struct consw vga_con = {
753  *        con_startup:            vgacon_startup,
754  *
755  * where vgacon_startup is __init.  If you want to wade through the false
756  * positives, take out the check for rodata.
757  **/
758 static int init_section_ref_ok(const char *name)
759 {
760 	const char **s;
761 	/* Absolute section names */
762 	const char *namelist1[] = {
763 		".init",
764 		".opd",   /* see comment [OPD] at exit_section_ref_ok() */
765 		".toc1",  /* used by ppc64 */
766 		".stab",
767 		".rodata",
768 		".text.lock",
769 		"__bug_table", /* used by powerpc for BUG() */
770 		".pci_fixup_header",
771 		".pci_fixup_final",
772 		".pdr",
773 		"__param",
774 		NULL
775 	};
776 	/* Start of section names */
777 	const char *namelist2[] = {
778 		".init.",
779 		".altinstructions",
780 		".eh_frame",
781 		".debug",
782 		NULL
783 	};
784 	/* part of section name */
785 	const char *namelist3 [] = {
786 		".unwind",  /* sample: IA_64.unwind.init.text */
787 		NULL
788 	};
789 
790 	for (s = namelist1; *s; s++)
791 		if (strcmp(*s, name) == 0)
792 			return 1;
793 	for (s = namelist2; *s; s++)
794 		if (strncmp(*s, name, strlen(*s)) == 0)
795 			return 1;
796 	for (s = namelist3; *s; s++)
797 		if (strstr(name, *s) != NULL)
798 			return 1;
799 	return 0;
800 }
801 
802 /*
803  * Functions used only during module exit is marked __exit and is stored in
804  * a .exit.text section. Likewise data is marked __exitdata and stored in
805  * a .exit.data section.
806  * If this section is one of these sections return 1
807  * See include/linux/init.h for the details
808  **/
809 static int exit_section(const char *name)
810 {
811 	if (strcmp(name, ".exit.text") == 0)
812 		return 1;
813 	if (strcmp(name, ".exit.data") == 0)
814 		return 1;
815 	return 0;
816 
817 }
818 
819 /*
820  * Identify sections from which references to a .exit section is OK.
821  *
822  * [OPD] Keith Ownes <kaos@sgi.com> commented:
823  * For our future {in}sanity, add a comment that this is the ppc .opd
824  * section, not the ia64 .opd section.
825  * ia64 .opd should not point to discarded sections.
826  * [.rodata] like for .init.text we ignore .rodata references -same reason
827  **/
828 static int exit_section_ref_ok(const char *name)
829 {
830 	const char **s;
831 	/* Absolute section names */
832 	const char *namelist1[] = {
833 		".exit.text",
834 		".exit.data",
835 		".init.text",
836 		".rodata",
837 		".opd", /* See comment [OPD] */
838 		".toc1",  /* used by ppc64 */
839 		".altinstructions",
840 		".pdr",
841 		"__bug_table", /* used by powerpc for BUG() */
842 		".exitcall.exit",
843 		".eh_frame",
844 		".stab",
845 		NULL
846 	};
847 	/* Start of section names */
848 	const char *namelist2[] = {
849 		".debug",
850 		NULL
851 	};
852 	/* part of section name */
853 	const char *namelist3 [] = {
854 		".unwind",  /* Sample: IA_64.unwind.exit.text */
855 		NULL
856 	};
857 
858 	for (s = namelist1; *s; s++)
859 		if (strcmp(*s, name) == 0)
860 			return 1;
861 	for (s = namelist2; *s; s++)
862 		if (strncmp(*s, name, strlen(*s)) == 0)
863 			return 1;
864 	for (s = namelist3; *s; s++)
865 		if (strstr(name, *s) != NULL)
866 			return 1;
867 	return 0;
868 }
869 
870 static void read_symbols(char *modname)
871 {
872 	const char *symname;
873 	char *version;
874 	struct module *mod;
875 	struct elf_info info = { };
876 	Elf_Sym *sym;
877 
878 	parse_elf(&info, modname);
879 
880 	mod = new_module(modname);
881 
882 	/* When there's no vmlinux, don't print warnings about
883 	 * unresolved symbols (since there'll be too many ;) */
884 	if (is_vmlinux(modname)) {
885 		have_vmlinux = 1;
886 		mod->skip = 1;
887 	}
888 
889 	for (sym = info.symtab_start; sym < info.symtab_stop; sym++) {
890 		symname = info.strtab + sym->st_name;
891 
892 		handle_modversions(mod, &info, sym, symname);
893 		handle_moddevtable(mod, &info, sym, symname);
894 	}
895 	check_sec_ref(mod, modname, &info, init_section, init_section_ref_ok);
896 	check_sec_ref(mod, modname, &info, exit_section, exit_section_ref_ok);
897 
898 	version = get_modinfo(info.modinfo, info.modinfo_len, "version");
899 	if (version)
900 		maybe_frob_rcs_version(modname, version, info.modinfo,
901 				       version - (char *)info.hdr);
902 	if (version || (all_versions && !is_vmlinux(modname)))
903 		get_src_version(modname, mod->srcversion,
904 				sizeof(mod->srcversion)-1);
905 
906 	parse_elf_finish(&info);
907 
908 	/* Our trick to get versioning for struct_module - it's
909 	 * never passed as an argument to an exported function, so
910 	 * the automatic versioning doesn't pick it up, but it's really
911 	 * important anyhow */
912 	if (modversions)
913 		mod->unres = alloc_symbol("struct_module", 0, mod->unres);
914 }
915 
916 #define SZ 500
917 
918 /* We first write the generated file into memory using the
919  * following helper, then compare to the file on disk and
920  * only update the later if anything changed */
921 
922 void __attribute__((format(printf, 2, 3))) buf_printf(struct buffer *buf,
923 						      const char *fmt, ...)
924 {
925 	char tmp[SZ];
926 	int len;
927 	va_list ap;
928 
929 	va_start(ap, fmt);
930 	len = vsnprintf(tmp, SZ, fmt, ap);
931 	buf_write(buf, tmp, len);
932 	va_end(ap);
933 }
934 
935 void buf_write(struct buffer *buf, const char *s, int len)
936 {
937 	if (buf->size - buf->pos < len) {
938 		buf->size += len + SZ;
939 		buf->p = realloc(buf->p, buf->size);
940 	}
941 	strncpy(buf->p + buf->pos, s, len);
942 	buf->pos += len;
943 }
944 
945 /**
946  * Header for the generated file
947  **/
948 static void add_header(struct buffer *b, struct module *mod)
949 {
950 	buf_printf(b, "#include <linux/module.h>\n");
951 	buf_printf(b, "#include <linux/vermagic.h>\n");
952 	buf_printf(b, "#include <linux/compiler.h>\n");
953 	buf_printf(b, "\n");
954 	buf_printf(b, "MODULE_INFO(vermagic, VERMAGIC_STRING);\n");
955 	buf_printf(b, "\n");
956 	buf_printf(b, "struct module __this_module\n");
957 	buf_printf(b, "__attribute__((section(\".gnu.linkonce.this_module\"))) = {\n");
958 	buf_printf(b, " .name = KBUILD_MODNAME,\n");
959 	if (mod->has_init)
960 		buf_printf(b, " .init = init_module,\n");
961 	if (mod->has_cleanup)
962 		buf_printf(b, "#ifdef CONFIG_MODULE_UNLOAD\n"
963 			      " .exit = cleanup_module,\n"
964 			      "#endif\n");
965 	buf_printf(b, "};\n");
966 }
967 
968 /**
969  * Record CRCs for unresolved symbols
970  **/
971 static void add_versions(struct buffer *b, struct module *mod)
972 {
973 	struct symbol *s, *exp;
974 
975 	for (s = mod->unres; s; s = s->next) {
976 		exp = find_symbol(s->name);
977 		if (!exp || exp->module == mod) {
978 			if (have_vmlinux && !s->weak)
979 				warn("\"%s\" [%s.ko] undefined!\n",
980 				     s->name, mod->name);
981 			continue;
982 		}
983 		s->module = exp->module;
984 		s->crc_valid = exp->crc_valid;
985 		s->crc = exp->crc;
986 	}
987 
988 	if (!modversions)
989 		return;
990 
991 	buf_printf(b, "\n");
992 	buf_printf(b, "static const struct modversion_info ____versions[]\n");
993 	buf_printf(b, "__attribute_used__\n");
994 	buf_printf(b, "__attribute__((section(\"__versions\"))) = {\n");
995 
996 	for (s = mod->unres; s; s = s->next) {
997 		if (!s->module) {
998 			continue;
999 		}
1000 		if (!s->crc_valid) {
1001 			warn("\"%s\" [%s.ko] has no CRC!\n",
1002 				s->name, mod->name);
1003 			continue;
1004 		}
1005 		buf_printf(b, "\t{ %#8x, \"%s\" },\n", s->crc, s->name);
1006 	}
1007 
1008 	buf_printf(b, "};\n");
1009 }
1010 
1011 static void add_depends(struct buffer *b, struct module *mod,
1012 			struct module *modules)
1013 {
1014 	struct symbol *s;
1015 	struct module *m;
1016 	int first = 1;
1017 
1018 	for (m = modules; m; m = m->next) {
1019 		m->seen = is_vmlinux(m->name);
1020 	}
1021 
1022 	buf_printf(b, "\n");
1023 	buf_printf(b, "static const char __module_depends[]\n");
1024 	buf_printf(b, "__attribute_used__\n");
1025 	buf_printf(b, "__attribute__((section(\".modinfo\"))) =\n");
1026 	buf_printf(b, "\"depends=");
1027 	for (s = mod->unres; s; s = s->next) {
1028 		if (!s->module)
1029 			continue;
1030 
1031 		if (s->module->seen)
1032 			continue;
1033 
1034 		s->module->seen = 1;
1035 		buf_printf(b, "%s%s", first ? "" : ",",
1036 			   strrchr(s->module->name, '/') + 1);
1037 		first = 0;
1038 	}
1039 	buf_printf(b, "\";\n");
1040 }
1041 
1042 static void add_srcversion(struct buffer *b, struct module *mod)
1043 {
1044 	if (mod->srcversion[0]) {
1045 		buf_printf(b, "\n");
1046 		buf_printf(b, "MODULE_INFO(srcversion, \"%s\");\n",
1047 			   mod->srcversion);
1048 	}
1049 }
1050 
1051 static void write_if_changed(struct buffer *b, const char *fname)
1052 {
1053 	char *tmp;
1054 	FILE *file;
1055 	struct stat st;
1056 
1057 	file = fopen(fname, "r");
1058 	if (!file)
1059 		goto write;
1060 
1061 	if (fstat(fileno(file), &st) < 0)
1062 		goto close_write;
1063 
1064 	if (st.st_size != b->pos)
1065 		goto close_write;
1066 
1067 	tmp = NOFAIL(malloc(b->pos));
1068 	if (fread(tmp, 1, b->pos, file) != b->pos)
1069 		goto free_write;
1070 
1071 	if (memcmp(tmp, b->p, b->pos) != 0)
1072 		goto free_write;
1073 
1074 	free(tmp);
1075 	fclose(file);
1076 	return;
1077 
1078  free_write:
1079 	free(tmp);
1080  close_write:
1081 	fclose(file);
1082  write:
1083 	file = fopen(fname, "w");
1084 	if (!file) {
1085 		perror(fname);
1086 		exit(1);
1087 	}
1088 	if (fwrite(b->p, 1, b->pos, file) != b->pos) {
1089 		perror(fname);
1090 		exit(1);
1091 	}
1092 	fclose(file);
1093 }
1094 
1095 static void read_dump(const char *fname, unsigned int kernel)
1096 {
1097 	unsigned long size, pos = 0;
1098 	void *file = grab_file(fname, &size);
1099 	char *line;
1100 
1101         if (!file)
1102 		/* No symbol versions, silently ignore */
1103 		return;
1104 
1105 	while ((line = get_next_line(&pos, file, size))) {
1106 		char *symname, *modname, *d;
1107 		unsigned int crc;
1108 		struct module *mod;
1109 		struct symbol *s;
1110 
1111 		if (!(symname = strchr(line, '\t')))
1112 			goto fail;
1113 		*symname++ = '\0';
1114 		if (!(modname = strchr(symname, '\t')))
1115 			goto fail;
1116 		*modname++ = '\0';
1117 		if (strchr(modname, '\t'))
1118 			goto fail;
1119 		crc = strtoul(line, &d, 16);
1120 		if (*symname == '\0' || *modname == '\0' || *d != '\0')
1121 			goto fail;
1122 
1123 		if (!(mod = find_module(modname))) {
1124 			if (is_vmlinux(modname)) {
1125 				have_vmlinux = 1;
1126 			}
1127 			mod = new_module(NOFAIL(strdup(modname)));
1128 			mod->skip = 1;
1129 		}
1130 		s = sym_add_exported(symname, mod);
1131 		s->kernel    = kernel;
1132 		s->preloaded = 1;
1133 		sym_update_crc(symname, mod, crc);
1134 	}
1135 	return;
1136 fail:
1137 	fatal("parse error in symbol dump file\n");
1138 }
1139 
1140 /* For normal builds always dump all symbols.
1141  * For external modules only dump symbols
1142  * that are not read from kernel Module.symvers.
1143  **/
1144 static int dump_sym(struct symbol *sym)
1145 {
1146 	if (!external_module)
1147 		return 1;
1148 	if (sym->vmlinux || sym->kernel)
1149 		return 0;
1150 	return 1;
1151 }
1152 
1153 static void write_dump(const char *fname)
1154 {
1155 	struct buffer buf = { };
1156 	struct symbol *symbol;
1157 	int n;
1158 
1159 	for (n = 0; n < SYMBOL_HASH_SIZE ; n++) {
1160 		symbol = symbolhash[n];
1161 		while (symbol) {
1162 			if (dump_sym(symbol))
1163 				buf_printf(&buf, "0x%08x\t%s\t%s\n",
1164 					symbol->crc, symbol->name,
1165 					symbol->module->name);
1166 			symbol = symbol->next;
1167 		}
1168 	}
1169 	write_if_changed(&buf, fname);
1170 }
1171 
1172 int main(int argc, char **argv)
1173 {
1174 	struct module *mod;
1175 	struct buffer buf = { };
1176 	char fname[SZ];
1177 	char *kernel_read = NULL, *module_read = NULL;
1178 	char *dump_write = NULL;
1179 	int opt;
1180 
1181 	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "i:I:mo:a")) != -1) {
1182 		switch(opt) {
1183 			case 'i':
1184 				kernel_read = optarg;
1185 				break;
1186 			case 'I':
1187 				module_read = optarg;
1188 				external_module = 1;
1189 				break;
1190 			case 'm':
1191 				modversions = 1;
1192 				break;
1193 			case 'o':
1194 				dump_write = optarg;
1195 				break;
1196 			case 'a':
1197 				all_versions = 1;
1198 				break;
1199 			default:
1200 				exit(1);
1201 		}
1202 	}
1203 
1204 	if (kernel_read)
1205 		read_dump(kernel_read, 1);
1206 	if (module_read)
1207 		read_dump(module_read, 0);
1208 
1209 	while (optind < argc) {
1210 		read_symbols(argv[optind++]);
1211 	}
1212 
1213 	for (mod = modules; mod; mod = mod->next) {
1214 		if (mod->skip)
1215 			continue;
1216 
1217 		buf.pos = 0;
1218 
1219 		add_header(&buf, mod);
1220 		add_versions(&buf, mod);
1221 		add_depends(&buf, mod, modules);
1222 		add_moddevtable(&buf, mod);
1223 		add_srcversion(&buf, mod);
1224 
1225 		sprintf(fname, "%s.mod.c", mod->name);
1226 		write_if_changed(&buf, fname);
1227 	}
1228 
1229 	if (dump_write)
1230 		write_dump(dump_write);
1231 
1232 	return 0;
1233 }
1234