xref: /linux/fs/proc/base.c (revision 7f8998c7aef3ac9c5f3f2943e083dfa6302e90d0)
1 /*
2  *  linux/fs/proc/base.c
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
5  *
6  *  proc base directory handling functions
7  *
8  *  1999, Al Viro. Rewritten. Now it covers the whole per-process part.
9  *  Instead of using magical inumbers to determine the kind of object
10  *  we allocate and fill in-core inodes upon lookup. They don't even
11  *  go into icache. We cache the reference to task_struct upon lookup too.
12  *  Eventually it should become a filesystem in its own. We don't use the
13  *  rest of procfs anymore.
14  *
15  *
16  *  Changelog:
17  *  17-Jan-2005
18  *  Allan Bezerra
19  *  Bruna Moreira <bruna.moreira@indt.org.br>
20  *  Edjard Mota <edjard.mota@indt.org.br>
21  *  Ilias Biris <ilias.biris@indt.org.br>
22  *  Mauricio Lin <mauricio.lin@indt.org.br>
23  *
24  *  Embedded Linux Lab - 10LE Instituto Nokia de Tecnologia - INdT
25  *
26  *  A new process specific entry (smaps) included in /proc. It shows the
27  *  size of rss for each memory area. The maps entry lacks information
28  *  about physical memory size (rss) for each mapped file, i.e.,
29  *  rss information for executables and library files.
30  *  This additional information is useful for any tools that need to know
31  *  about physical memory consumption for a process specific library.
32  *
33  *  Changelog:
34  *  21-Feb-2005
35  *  Embedded Linux Lab - 10LE Instituto Nokia de Tecnologia - INdT
36  *  Pud inclusion in the page table walking.
37  *
38  *  ChangeLog:
39  *  10-Mar-2005
40  *  10LE Instituto Nokia de Tecnologia - INdT:
41  *  A better way to walks through the page table as suggested by Hugh Dickins.
42  *
43  *  Simo Piiroinen <simo.piiroinen@nokia.com>:
44  *  Smaps information related to shared, private, clean and dirty pages.
45  *
46  *  Paul Mundt <paul.mundt@nokia.com>:
47  *  Overall revision about smaps.
48  */
49 
50 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
51 
52 #include <linux/errno.h>
53 #include <linux/time.h>
54 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
55 #include <linux/stat.h>
56 #include <linux/task_io_accounting_ops.h>
57 #include <linux/init.h>
58 #include <linux/capability.h>
59 #include <linux/file.h>
60 #include <linux/fdtable.h>
61 #include <linux/string.h>
62 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
63 #include <linux/namei.h>
64 #include <linux/mnt_namespace.h>
65 #include <linux/mm.h>
66 #include <linux/swap.h>
67 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
68 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
69 #include <linux/stacktrace.h>
70 #include <linux/resource.h>
71 #include <linux/module.h>
72 #include <linux/mount.h>
73 #include <linux/security.h>
74 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
75 #include <linux/tracehook.h>
76 #include <linux/printk.h>
77 #include <linux/cgroup.h>
78 #include <linux/cpuset.h>
79 #include <linux/audit.h>
80 #include <linux/poll.h>
81 #include <linux/nsproxy.h>
82 #include <linux/oom.h>
83 #include <linux/elf.h>
84 #include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
85 #include <linux/user_namespace.h>
86 #include <linux/fs_struct.h>
87 #include <linux/slab.h>
88 #include <linux/flex_array.h>
89 #include <linux/posix-timers.h>
90 #ifdef CONFIG_HARDWALL
91 #include <asm/hardwall.h>
92 #endif
93 #include <trace/events/oom.h>
94 #include "internal.h"
95 #include "fd.h"
96 
97 /* NOTE:
98  *	Implementing inode permission operations in /proc is almost
99  *	certainly an error.  Permission checks need to happen during
100  *	each system call not at open time.  The reason is that most of
101  *	what we wish to check for permissions in /proc varies at runtime.
102  *
103  *	The classic example of a problem is opening file descriptors
104  *	in /proc for a task before it execs a suid executable.
105  */
106 
107 struct pid_entry {
108 	const char *name;
109 	int len;
110 	umode_t mode;
111 	const struct inode_operations *iop;
112 	const struct file_operations *fop;
113 	union proc_op op;
114 };
115 
116 #define NOD(NAME, MODE, IOP, FOP, OP) {			\
117 	.name = (NAME),					\
118 	.len  = sizeof(NAME) - 1,			\
119 	.mode = MODE,					\
120 	.iop  = IOP,					\
121 	.fop  = FOP,					\
122 	.op   = OP,					\
123 }
124 
125 #define DIR(NAME, MODE, iops, fops)	\
126 	NOD(NAME, (S_IFDIR|(MODE)), &iops, &fops, {} )
127 #define LNK(NAME, get_link)					\
128 	NOD(NAME, (S_IFLNK|S_IRWXUGO),				\
129 		&proc_pid_link_inode_operations, NULL,		\
130 		{ .proc_get_link = get_link } )
131 #define REG(NAME, MODE, fops)				\
132 	NOD(NAME, (S_IFREG|(MODE)), NULL, &fops, {})
133 #define ONE(NAME, MODE, show)				\
134 	NOD(NAME, (S_IFREG|(MODE)), 			\
135 		NULL, &proc_single_file_operations,	\
136 		{ .proc_show = show } )
137 
138 /*
139  * Count the number of hardlinks for the pid_entry table, excluding the .
140  * and .. links.
141  */
142 static unsigned int pid_entry_count_dirs(const struct pid_entry *entries,
143 	unsigned int n)
144 {
145 	unsigned int i;
146 	unsigned int count;
147 
148 	count = 0;
149 	for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
150 		if (S_ISDIR(entries[i].mode))
151 			++count;
152 	}
153 
154 	return count;
155 }
156 
157 static int get_task_root(struct task_struct *task, struct path *root)
158 {
159 	int result = -ENOENT;
160 
161 	task_lock(task);
162 	if (task->fs) {
163 		get_fs_root(task->fs, root);
164 		result = 0;
165 	}
166 	task_unlock(task);
167 	return result;
168 }
169 
170 static int proc_cwd_link(struct dentry *dentry, struct path *path)
171 {
172 	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(dentry->d_inode);
173 	int result = -ENOENT;
174 
175 	if (task) {
176 		task_lock(task);
177 		if (task->fs) {
178 			get_fs_pwd(task->fs, path);
179 			result = 0;
180 		}
181 		task_unlock(task);
182 		put_task_struct(task);
183 	}
184 	return result;
185 }
186 
187 static int proc_root_link(struct dentry *dentry, struct path *path)
188 {
189 	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(dentry->d_inode);
190 	int result = -ENOENT;
191 
192 	if (task) {
193 		result = get_task_root(task, path);
194 		put_task_struct(task);
195 	}
196 	return result;
197 }
198 
199 static int proc_pid_cmdline(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
200 			    struct pid *pid, struct task_struct *task)
201 {
202 	/*
203 	 * Rely on struct seq_operations::show() being called once
204 	 * per internal buffer allocation. See single_open(), traverse().
205 	 */
206 	BUG_ON(m->size < PAGE_SIZE);
207 	m->count += get_cmdline(task, m->buf, PAGE_SIZE);
208 	return 0;
209 }
210 
211 static int proc_pid_auxv(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
212 			 struct pid *pid, struct task_struct *task)
213 {
214 	struct mm_struct *mm = mm_access(task, PTRACE_MODE_READ);
215 	if (mm && !IS_ERR(mm)) {
216 		unsigned int nwords = 0;
217 		do {
218 			nwords += 2;
219 		} while (mm->saved_auxv[nwords - 2] != 0); /* AT_NULL */
220 		seq_write(m, mm->saved_auxv, nwords * sizeof(mm->saved_auxv[0]));
221 		mmput(mm);
222 		return 0;
223 	} else
224 		return PTR_ERR(mm);
225 }
226 
227 
228 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
229 /*
230  * Provides a wchan file via kallsyms in a proper one-value-per-file format.
231  * Returns the resolved symbol.  If that fails, simply return the address.
232  */
233 static int proc_pid_wchan(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
234 			  struct pid *pid, struct task_struct *task)
235 {
236 	unsigned long wchan;
237 	char symname[KSYM_NAME_LEN];
238 
239 	wchan = get_wchan(task);
240 
241 	if (lookup_symbol_name(wchan, symname) < 0)
242 		if (!ptrace_may_access(task, PTRACE_MODE_READ))
243 			return 0;
244 		else
245 			return seq_printf(m, "%lu", wchan);
246 	else
247 		return seq_printf(m, "%s", symname);
248 }
249 #endif /* CONFIG_KALLSYMS */
250 
251 static int lock_trace(struct task_struct *task)
252 {
253 	int err = mutex_lock_killable(&task->signal->cred_guard_mutex);
254 	if (err)
255 		return err;
256 	if (!ptrace_may_access(task, PTRACE_MODE_ATTACH)) {
257 		mutex_unlock(&task->signal->cred_guard_mutex);
258 		return -EPERM;
259 	}
260 	return 0;
261 }
262 
263 static void unlock_trace(struct task_struct *task)
264 {
265 	mutex_unlock(&task->signal->cred_guard_mutex);
266 }
267 
268 #ifdef CONFIG_STACKTRACE
269 
270 #define MAX_STACK_TRACE_DEPTH	64
271 
272 static int proc_pid_stack(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
273 			  struct pid *pid, struct task_struct *task)
274 {
275 	struct stack_trace trace;
276 	unsigned long *entries;
277 	int err;
278 	int i;
279 
280 	entries = kmalloc(MAX_STACK_TRACE_DEPTH * sizeof(*entries), GFP_KERNEL);
281 	if (!entries)
282 		return -ENOMEM;
283 
284 	trace.nr_entries	= 0;
285 	trace.max_entries	= MAX_STACK_TRACE_DEPTH;
286 	trace.entries		= entries;
287 	trace.skip		= 0;
288 
289 	err = lock_trace(task);
290 	if (!err) {
291 		save_stack_trace_tsk(task, &trace);
292 
293 		for (i = 0; i < trace.nr_entries; i++) {
294 			seq_printf(m, "[<%pK>] %pS\n",
295 				   (void *)entries[i], (void *)entries[i]);
296 		}
297 		unlock_trace(task);
298 	}
299 	kfree(entries);
300 
301 	return err;
302 }
303 #endif
304 
305 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS
306 /*
307  * Provides /proc/PID/schedstat
308  */
309 static int proc_pid_schedstat(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
310 			      struct pid *pid, struct task_struct *task)
311 {
312 	return seq_printf(m, "%llu %llu %lu\n",
313 			(unsigned long long)task->se.sum_exec_runtime,
314 			(unsigned long long)task->sched_info.run_delay,
315 			task->sched_info.pcount);
316 }
317 #endif
318 
319 #ifdef CONFIG_LATENCYTOP
320 static int lstats_show_proc(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
321 {
322 	int i;
323 	struct inode *inode = m->private;
324 	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(inode);
325 
326 	if (!task)
327 		return -ESRCH;
328 	seq_puts(m, "Latency Top version : v0.1\n");
329 	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
330 		struct latency_record *lr = &task->latency_record[i];
331 		if (lr->backtrace[0]) {
332 			int q;
333 			seq_printf(m, "%i %li %li",
334 				   lr->count, lr->time, lr->max);
335 			for (q = 0; q < LT_BACKTRACEDEPTH; q++) {
336 				unsigned long bt = lr->backtrace[q];
337 				if (!bt)
338 					break;
339 				if (bt == ULONG_MAX)
340 					break;
341 				seq_printf(m, " %ps", (void *)bt);
342 			}
343 			seq_putc(m, '\n');
344 		}
345 
346 	}
347 	put_task_struct(task);
348 	return 0;
349 }
350 
351 static int lstats_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
352 {
353 	return single_open(file, lstats_show_proc, inode);
354 }
355 
356 static ssize_t lstats_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
357 			    size_t count, loff_t *offs)
358 {
359 	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(file_inode(file));
360 
361 	if (!task)
362 		return -ESRCH;
363 	clear_all_latency_tracing(task);
364 	put_task_struct(task);
365 
366 	return count;
367 }
368 
369 static const struct file_operations proc_lstats_operations = {
370 	.open		= lstats_open,
371 	.read		= seq_read,
372 	.write		= lstats_write,
373 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
374 	.release	= single_release,
375 };
376 
377 #endif
378 
379 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUPS
380 static int cgroup_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
381 {
382 	struct pid *pid = PROC_I(inode)->pid;
383 	return single_open(file, proc_cgroup_show, pid);
384 }
385 
386 static const struct file_operations proc_cgroup_operations = {
387 	.open		= cgroup_open,
388 	.read		= seq_read,
389 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
390 	.release	= single_release,
391 };
392 #endif
393 
394 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_PID_CPUSET
395 
396 static int cpuset_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
397 {
398 	struct pid *pid = PROC_I(inode)->pid;
399 	return single_open(file, proc_cpuset_show, pid);
400 }
401 
402 static const struct file_operations proc_cpuset_operations = {
403 	.open		= cpuset_open,
404 	.read		= seq_read,
405 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
406 	.release	= single_release,
407 };
408 #endif
409 
410 static int proc_oom_score(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
411 			  struct pid *pid, struct task_struct *task)
412 {
413 	unsigned long totalpages = totalram_pages + total_swap_pages;
414 	unsigned long points = 0;
415 
416 	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
417 	if (pid_alive(task))
418 		points = oom_badness(task, NULL, NULL, totalpages) *
419 						1000 / totalpages;
420 	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
421 	return seq_printf(m, "%lu\n", points);
422 }
423 
424 struct limit_names {
425 	const char *name;
426 	const char *unit;
427 };
428 
429 static const struct limit_names lnames[RLIM_NLIMITS] = {
430 	[RLIMIT_CPU] = {"Max cpu time", "seconds"},
431 	[RLIMIT_FSIZE] = {"Max file size", "bytes"},
432 	[RLIMIT_DATA] = {"Max data size", "bytes"},
433 	[RLIMIT_STACK] = {"Max stack size", "bytes"},
434 	[RLIMIT_CORE] = {"Max core file size", "bytes"},
435 	[RLIMIT_RSS] = {"Max resident set", "bytes"},
436 	[RLIMIT_NPROC] = {"Max processes", "processes"},
437 	[RLIMIT_NOFILE] = {"Max open files", "files"},
438 	[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK] = {"Max locked memory", "bytes"},
439 	[RLIMIT_AS] = {"Max address space", "bytes"},
440 	[RLIMIT_LOCKS] = {"Max file locks", "locks"},
441 	[RLIMIT_SIGPENDING] = {"Max pending signals", "signals"},
442 	[RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE] = {"Max msgqueue size", "bytes"},
443 	[RLIMIT_NICE] = {"Max nice priority", NULL},
444 	[RLIMIT_RTPRIO] = {"Max realtime priority", NULL},
445 	[RLIMIT_RTTIME] = {"Max realtime timeout", "us"},
446 };
447 
448 /* Display limits for a process */
449 static int proc_pid_limits(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
450 			   struct pid *pid, struct task_struct *task)
451 {
452 	unsigned int i;
453 	unsigned long flags;
454 
455 	struct rlimit rlim[RLIM_NLIMITS];
456 
457 	if (!lock_task_sighand(task, &flags))
458 		return 0;
459 	memcpy(rlim, task->signal->rlim, sizeof(struct rlimit) * RLIM_NLIMITS);
460 	unlock_task_sighand(task, &flags);
461 
462 	/*
463 	 * print the file header
464 	 */
465        seq_printf(m, "%-25s %-20s %-20s %-10s\n",
466 			"Limit", "Soft Limit", "Hard Limit", "Units");
467 
468 	for (i = 0; i < RLIM_NLIMITS; i++) {
469 		if (rlim[i].rlim_cur == RLIM_INFINITY)
470 			seq_printf(m, "%-25s %-20s ",
471 					 lnames[i].name, "unlimited");
472 		else
473 			seq_printf(m, "%-25s %-20lu ",
474 					 lnames[i].name, rlim[i].rlim_cur);
475 
476 		if (rlim[i].rlim_max == RLIM_INFINITY)
477 			seq_printf(m, "%-20s ", "unlimited");
478 		else
479 			seq_printf(m, "%-20lu ", rlim[i].rlim_max);
480 
481 		if (lnames[i].unit)
482 			seq_printf(m, "%-10s\n", lnames[i].unit);
483 		else
484 			seq_putc(m, '\n');
485 	}
486 
487 	return 0;
488 }
489 
490 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK
491 static int proc_pid_syscall(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
492 			    struct pid *pid, struct task_struct *task)
493 {
494 	long nr;
495 	unsigned long args[6], sp, pc;
496 	int res = lock_trace(task);
497 	if (res)
498 		return res;
499 
500 	if (task_current_syscall(task, &nr, args, 6, &sp, &pc))
501 		seq_puts(m, "running\n");
502 	else if (nr < 0)
503 		seq_printf(m, "%ld 0x%lx 0x%lx\n", nr, sp, pc);
504 	else
505 		seq_printf(m,
506 		       "%ld 0x%lx 0x%lx 0x%lx 0x%lx 0x%lx 0x%lx 0x%lx 0x%lx\n",
507 		       nr,
508 		       args[0], args[1], args[2], args[3], args[4], args[5],
509 		       sp, pc);
510 	unlock_trace(task);
511 	return res;
512 }
513 #endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK */
514 
515 /************************************************************************/
516 /*                       Here the fs part begins                        */
517 /************************************************************************/
518 
519 /* permission checks */
520 static int proc_fd_access_allowed(struct inode *inode)
521 {
522 	struct task_struct *task;
523 	int allowed = 0;
524 	/* Allow access to a task's file descriptors if it is us or we
525 	 * may use ptrace attach to the process and find out that
526 	 * information.
527 	 */
528 	task = get_proc_task(inode);
529 	if (task) {
530 		allowed = ptrace_may_access(task, PTRACE_MODE_READ);
531 		put_task_struct(task);
532 	}
533 	return allowed;
534 }
535 
536 int proc_setattr(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *attr)
537 {
538 	int error;
539 	struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
540 
541 	if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_MODE)
542 		return -EPERM;
543 
544 	error = inode_change_ok(inode, attr);
545 	if (error)
546 		return error;
547 
548 	setattr_copy(inode, attr);
549 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
550 	return 0;
551 }
552 
553 /*
554  * May current process learn task's sched/cmdline info (for hide_pid_min=1)
555  * or euid/egid (for hide_pid_min=2)?
556  */
557 static bool has_pid_permissions(struct pid_namespace *pid,
558 				 struct task_struct *task,
559 				 int hide_pid_min)
560 {
561 	if (pid->hide_pid < hide_pid_min)
562 		return true;
563 	if (in_group_p(pid->pid_gid))
564 		return true;
565 	return ptrace_may_access(task, PTRACE_MODE_READ);
566 }
567 
568 
569 static int proc_pid_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask)
570 {
571 	struct pid_namespace *pid = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;
572 	struct task_struct *task;
573 	bool has_perms;
574 
575 	task = get_proc_task(inode);
576 	if (!task)
577 		return -ESRCH;
578 	has_perms = has_pid_permissions(pid, task, 1);
579 	put_task_struct(task);
580 
581 	if (!has_perms) {
582 		if (pid->hide_pid == 2) {
583 			/*
584 			 * Let's make getdents(), stat(), and open()
585 			 * consistent with each other.  If a process
586 			 * may not stat() a file, it shouldn't be seen
587 			 * in procfs at all.
588 			 */
589 			return -ENOENT;
590 		}
591 
592 		return -EPERM;
593 	}
594 	return generic_permission(inode, mask);
595 }
596 
597 
598 
599 static const struct inode_operations proc_def_inode_operations = {
600 	.setattr	= proc_setattr,
601 };
602 
603 static int proc_single_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
604 {
605 	struct inode *inode = m->private;
606 	struct pid_namespace *ns;
607 	struct pid *pid;
608 	struct task_struct *task;
609 	int ret;
610 
611 	ns = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;
612 	pid = proc_pid(inode);
613 	task = get_pid_task(pid, PIDTYPE_PID);
614 	if (!task)
615 		return -ESRCH;
616 
617 	ret = PROC_I(inode)->op.proc_show(m, ns, pid, task);
618 
619 	put_task_struct(task);
620 	return ret;
621 }
622 
623 static int proc_single_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
624 {
625 	return single_open(filp, proc_single_show, inode);
626 }
627 
628 static const struct file_operations proc_single_file_operations = {
629 	.open		= proc_single_open,
630 	.read		= seq_read,
631 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
632 	.release	= single_release,
633 };
634 
635 
636 struct mm_struct *proc_mem_open(struct inode *inode, unsigned int mode)
637 {
638 	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(inode);
639 	struct mm_struct *mm = ERR_PTR(-ESRCH);
640 
641 	if (task) {
642 		mm = mm_access(task, mode);
643 		put_task_struct(task);
644 
645 		if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(mm)) {
646 			/* ensure this mm_struct can't be freed */
647 			atomic_inc(&mm->mm_count);
648 			/* but do not pin its memory */
649 			mmput(mm);
650 		}
651 	}
652 
653 	return mm;
654 }
655 
656 static int __mem_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file, unsigned int mode)
657 {
658 	struct mm_struct *mm = proc_mem_open(inode, mode);
659 
660 	if (IS_ERR(mm))
661 		return PTR_ERR(mm);
662 
663 	file->private_data = mm;
664 	return 0;
665 }
666 
667 static int mem_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
668 {
669 	int ret = __mem_open(inode, file, PTRACE_MODE_ATTACH);
670 
671 	/* OK to pass negative loff_t, we can catch out-of-range */
672 	file->f_mode |= FMODE_UNSIGNED_OFFSET;
673 
674 	return ret;
675 }
676 
677 static ssize_t mem_rw(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
678 			size_t count, loff_t *ppos, int write)
679 {
680 	struct mm_struct *mm = file->private_data;
681 	unsigned long addr = *ppos;
682 	ssize_t copied;
683 	char *page;
684 
685 	if (!mm)
686 		return 0;
687 
688 	page = (char *)__get_free_page(GFP_TEMPORARY);
689 	if (!page)
690 		return -ENOMEM;
691 
692 	copied = 0;
693 	if (!atomic_inc_not_zero(&mm->mm_users))
694 		goto free;
695 
696 	while (count > 0) {
697 		int this_len = min_t(int, count, PAGE_SIZE);
698 
699 		if (write && copy_from_user(page, buf, this_len)) {
700 			copied = -EFAULT;
701 			break;
702 		}
703 
704 		this_len = access_remote_vm(mm, addr, page, this_len, write);
705 		if (!this_len) {
706 			if (!copied)
707 				copied = -EIO;
708 			break;
709 		}
710 
711 		if (!write && copy_to_user(buf, page, this_len)) {
712 			copied = -EFAULT;
713 			break;
714 		}
715 
716 		buf += this_len;
717 		addr += this_len;
718 		copied += this_len;
719 		count -= this_len;
720 	}
721 	*ppos = addr;
722 
723 	mmput(mm);
724 free:
725 	free_page((unsigned long) page);
726 	return copied;
727 }
728 
729 static ssize_t mem_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
730 			size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
731 {
732 	return mem_rw(file, buf, count, ppos, 0);
733 }
734 
735 static ssize_t mem_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
736 			 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
737 {
738 	return mem_rw(file, (char __user*)buf, count, ppos, 1);
739 }
740 
741 loff_t mem_lseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int orig)
742 {
743 	switch (orig) {
744 	case 0:
745 		file->f_pos = offset;
746 		break;
747 	case 1:
748 		file->f_pos += offset;
749 		break;
750 	default:
751 		return -EINVAL;
752 	}
753 	force_successful_syscall_return();
754 	return file->f_pos;
755 }
756 
757 static int mem_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
758 {
759 	struct mm_struct *mm = file->private_data;
760 	if (mm)
761 		mmdrop(mm);
762 	return 0;
763 }
764 
765 static const struct file_operations proc_mem_operations = {
766 	.llseek		= mem_lseek,
767 	.read		= mem_read,
768 	.write		= mem_write,
769 	.open		= mem_open,
770 	.release	= mem_release,
771 };
772 
773 static int environ_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
774 {
775 	return __mem_open(inode, file, PTRACE_MODE_READ);
776 }
777 
778 static ssize_t environ_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
779 			size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
780 {
781 	char *page;
782 	unsigned long src = *ppos;
783 	int ret = 0;
784 	struct mm_struct *mm = file->private_data;
785 
786 	if (!mm)
787 		return 0;
788 
789 	page = (char *)__get_free_page(GFP_TEMPORARY);
790 	if (!page)
791 		return -ENOMEM;
792 
793 	ret = 0;
794 	if (!atomic_inc_not_zero(&mm->mm_users))
795 		goto free;
796 	while (count > 0) {
797 		size_t this_len, max_len;
798 		int retval;
799 
800 		if (src >= (mm->env_end - mm->env_start))
801 			break;
802 
803 		this_len = mm->env_end - (mm->env_start + src);
804 
805 		max_len = min_t(size_t, PAGE_SIZE, count);
806 		this_len = min(max_len, this_len);
807 
808 		retval = access_remote_vm(mm, (mm->env_start + src),
809 			page, this_len, 0);
810 
811 		if (retval <= 0) {
812 			ret = retval;
813 			break;
814 		}
815 
816 		if (copy_to_user(buf, page, retval)) {
817 			ret = -EFAULT;
818 			break;
819 		}
820 
821 		ret += retval;
822 		src += retval;
823 		buf += retval;
824 		count -= retval;
825 	}
826 	*ppos = src;
827 	mmput(mm);
828 
829 free:
830 	free_page((unsigned long) page);
831 	return ret;
832 }
833 
834 static const struct file_operations proc_environ_operations = {
835 	.open		= environ_open,
836 	.read		= environ_read,
837 	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
838 	.release	= mem_release,
839 };
840 
841 static ssize_t oom_adj_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t count,
842 			    loff_t *ppos)
843 {
844 	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(file_inode(file));
845 	char buffer[PROC_NUMBUF];
846 	int oom_adj = OOM_ADJUST_MIN;
847 	size_t len;
848 	unsigned long flags;
849 
850 	if (!task)
851 		return -ESRCH;
852 	if (lock_task_sighand(task, &flags)) {
853 		if (task->signal->oom_score_adj == OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MAX)
854 			oom_adj = OOM_ADJUST_MAX;
855 		else
856 			oom_adj = (task->signal->oom_score_adj * -OOM_DISABLE) /
857 				  OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MAX;
858 		unlock_task_sighand(task, &flags);
859 	}
860 	put_task_struct(task);
861 	len = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%d\n", oom_adj);
862 	return simple_read_from_buffer(buf, count, ppos, buffer, len);
863 }
864 
865 static ssize_t oom_adj_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
866 			     size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
867 {
868 	struct task_struct *task;
869 	char buffer[PROC_NUMBUF];
870 	int oom_adj;
871 	unsigned long flags;
872 	int err;
873 
874 	memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
875 	if (count > sizeof(buffer) - 1)
876 		count = sizeof(buffer) - 1;
877 	if (copy_from_user(buffer, buf, count)) {
878 		err = -EFAULT;
879 		goto out;
880 	}
881 
882 	err = kstrtoint(strstrip(buffer), 0, &oom_adj);
883 	if (err)
884 		goto out;
885 	if ((oom_adj < OOM_ADJUST_MIN || oom_adj > OOM_ADJUST_MAX) &&
886 	     oom_adj != OOM_DISABLE) {
887 		err = -EINVAL;
888 		goto out;
889 	}
890 
891 	task = get_proc_task(file_inode(file));
892 	if (!task) {
893 		err = -ESRCH;
894 		goto out;
895 	}
896 
897 	task_lock(task);
898 	if (!task->mm) {
899 		err = -EINVAL;
900 		goto err_task_lock;
901 	}
902 
903 	if (!lock_task_sighand(task, &flags)) {
904 		err = -ESRCH;
905 		goto err_task_lock;
906 	}
907 
908 	/*
909 	 * Scale /proc/pid/oom_score_adj appropriately ensuring that a maximum
910 	 * value is always attainable.
911 	 */
912 	if (oom_adj == OOM_ADJUST_MAX)
913 		oom_adj = OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MAX;
914 	else
915 		oom_adj = (oom_adj * OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MAX) / -OOM_DISABLE;
916 
917 	if (oom_adj < task->signal->oom_score_adj &&
918 	    !capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE)) {
919 		err = -EACCES;
920 		goto err_sighand;
921 	}
922 
923 	/*
924 	 * /proc/pid/oom_adj is provided for legacy purposes, ask users to use
925 	 * /proc/pid/oom_score_adj instead.
926 	 */
927 	pr_warn_once("%s (%d): /proc/%d/oom_adj is deprecated, please use /proc/%d/oom_score_adj instead.\n",
928 		  current->comm, task_pid_nr(current), task_pid_nr(task),
929 		  task_pid_nr(task));
930 
931 	task->signal->oom_score_adj = oom_adj;
932 	trace_oom_score_adj_update(task);
933 err_sighand:
934 	unlock_task_sighand(task, &flags);
935 err_task_lock:
936 	task_unlock(task);
937 	put_task_struct(task);
938 out:
939 	return err < 0 ? err : count;
940 }
941 
942 static const struct file_operations proc_oom_adj_operations = {
943 	.read		= oom_adj_read,
944 	.write		= oom_adj_write,
945 	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
946 };
947 
948 static ssize_t oom_score_adj_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
949 					size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
950 {
951 	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(file_inode(file));
952 	char buffer[PROC_NUMBUF];
953 	short oom_score_adj = OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MIN;
954 	unsigned long flags;
955 	size_t len;
956 
957 	if (!task)
958 		return -ESRCH;
959 	if (lock_task_sighand(task, &flags)) {
960 		oom_score_adj = task->signal->oom_score_adj;
961 		unlock_task_sighand(task, &flags);
962 	}
963 	put_task_struct(task);
964 	len = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%hd\n", oom_score_adj);
965 	return simple_read_from_buffer(buf, count, ppos, buffer, len);
966 }
967 
968 static ssize_t oom_score_adj_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
969 					size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
970 {
971 	struct task_struct *task;
972 	char buffer[PROC_NUMBUF];
973 	unsigned long flags;
974 	int oom_score_adj;
975 	int err;
976 
977 	memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
978 	if (count > sizeof(buffer) - 1)
979 		count = sizeof(buffer) - 1;
980 	if (copy_from_user(buffer, buf, count)) {
981 		err = -EFAULT;
982 		goto out;
983 	}
984 
985 	err = kstrtoint(strstrip(buffer), 0, &oom_score_adj);
986 	if (err)
987 		goto out;
988 	if (oom_score_adj < OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MIN ||
989 			oom_score_adj > OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MAX) {
990 		err = -EINVAL;
991 		goto out;
992 	}
993 
994 	task = get_proc_task(file_inode(file));
995 	if (!task) {
996 		err = -ESRCH;
997 		goto out;
998 	}
999 
1000 	task_lock(task);
1001 	if (!task->mm) {
1002 		err = -EINVAL;
1003 		goto err_task_lock;
1004 	}
1005 
1006 	if (!lock_task_sighand(task, &flags)) {
1007 		err = -ESRCH;
1008 		goto err_task_lock;
1009 	}
1010 
1011 	if ((short)oom_score_adj < task->signal->oom_score_adj_min &&
1012 			!capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE)) {
1013 		err = -EACCES;
1014 		goto err_sighand;
1015 	}
1016 
1017 	task->signal->oom_score_adj = (short)oom_score_adj;
1018 	if (has_capability_noaudit(current, CAP_SYS_RESOURCE))
1019 		task->signal->oom_score_adj_min = (short)oom_score_adj;
1020 	trace_oom_score_adj_update(task);
1021 
1022 err_sighand:
1023 	unlock_task_sighand(task, &flags);
1024 err_task_lock:
1025 	task_unlock(task);
1026 	put_task_struct(task);
1027 out:
1028 	return err < 0 ? err : count;
1029 }
1030 
1031 static const struct file_operations proc_oom_score_adj_operations = {
1032 	.read		= oom_score_adj_read,
1033 	.write		= oom_score_adj_write,
1034 	.llseek		= default_llseek,
1035 };
1036 
1037 #ifdef CONFIG_AUDITSYSCALL
1038 #define TMPBUFLEN 21
1039 static ssize_t proc_loginuid_read(struct file * file, char __user * buf,
1040 				  size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
1041 {
1042 	struct inode * inode = file_inode(file);
1043 	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(inode);
1044 	ssize_t length;
1045 	char tmpbuf[TMPBUFLEN];
1046 
1047 	if (!task)
1048 		return -ESRCH;
1049 	length = scnprintf(tmpbuf, TMPBUFLEN, "%u",
1050 			   from_kuid(file->f_cred->user_ns,
1051 				     audit_get_loginuid(task)));
1052 	put_task_struct(task);
1053 	return simple_read_from_buffer(buf, count, ppos, tmpbuf, length);
1054 }
1055 
1056 static ssize_t proc_loginuid_write(struct file * file, const char __user * buf,
1057 				   size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
1058 {
1059 	struct inode * inode = file_inode(file);
1060 	char *page, *tmp;
1061 	ssize_t length;
1062 	uid_t loginuid;
1063 	kuid_t kloginuid;
1064 
1065 	rcu_read_lock();
1066 	if (current != pid_task(proc_pid(inode), PIDTYPE_PID)) {
1067 		rcu_read_unlock();
1068 		return -EPERM;
1069 	}
1070 	rcu_read_unlock();
1071 
1072 	if (count >= PAGE_SIZE)
1073 		count = PAGE_SIZE - 1;
1074 
1075 	if (*ppos != 0) {
1076 		/* No partial writes. */
1077 		return -EINVAL;
1078 	}
1079 	page = (char*)__get_free_page(GFP_TEMPORARY);
1080 	if (!page)
1081 		return -ENOMEM;
1082 	length = -EFAULT;
1083 	if (copy_from_user(page, buf, count))
1084 		goto out_free_page;
1085 
1086 	page[count] = '\0';
1087 	loginuid = simple_strtoul(page, &tmp, 10);
1088 	if (tmp == page) {
1089 		length = -EINVAL;
1090 		goto out_free_page;
1091 
1092 	}
1093 
1094 	/* is userspace tring to explicitly UNSET the loginuid? */
1095 	if (loginuid == AUDIT_UID_UNSET) {
1096 		kloginuid = INVALID_UID;
1097 	} else {
1098 		kloginuid = make_kuid(file->f_cred->user_ns, loginuid);
1099 		if (!uid_valid(kloginuid)) {
1100 			length = -EINVAL;
1101 			goto out_free_page;
1102 		}
1103 	}
1104 
1105 	length = audit_set_loginuid(kloginuid);
1106 	if (likely(length == 0))
1107 		length = count;
1108 
1109 out_free_page:
1110 	free_page((unsigned long) page);
1111 	return length;
1112 }
1113 
1114 static const struct file_operations proc_loginuid_operations = {
1115 	.read		= proc_loginuid_read,
1116 	.write		= proc_loginuid_write,
1117 	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
1118 };
1119 
1120 static ssize_t proc_sessionid_read(struct file * file, char __user * buf,
1121 				  size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
1122 {
1123 	struct inode * inode = file_inode(file);
1124 	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(inode);
1125 	ssize_t length;
1126 	char tmpbuf[TMPBUFLEN];
1127 
1128 	if (!task)
1129 		return -ESRCH;
1130 	length = scnprintf(tmpbuf, TMPBUFLEN, "%u",
1131 				audit_get_sessionid(task));
1132 	put_task_struct(task);
1133 	return simple_read_from_buffer(buf, count, ppos, tmpbuf, length);
1134 }
1135 
1136 static const struct file_operations proc_sessionid_operations = {
1137 	.read		= proc_sessionid_read,
1138 	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
1139 };
1140 #endif
1141 
1142 #ifdef CONFIG_FAULT_INJECTION
1143 static ssize_t proc_fault_inject_read(struct file * file, char __user * buf,
1144 				      size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
1145 {
1146 	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(file_inode(file));
1147 	char buffer[PROC_NUMBUF];
1148 	size_t len;
1149 	int make_it_fail;
1150 
1151 	if (!task)
1152 		return -ESRCH;
1153 	make_it_fail = task->make_it_fail;
1154 	put_task_struct(task);
1155 
1156 	len = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%i\n", make_it_fail);
1157 
1158 	return simple_read_from_buffer(buf, count, ppos, buffer, len);
1159 }
1160 
1161 static ssize_t proc_fault_inject_write(struct file * file,
1162 			const char __user * buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
1163 {
1164 	struct task_struct *task;
1165 	char buffer[PROC_NUMBUF], *end;
1166 	int make_it_fail;
1167 
1168 	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE))
1169 		return -EPERM;
1170 	memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
1171 	if (count > sizeof(buffer) - 1)
1172 		count = sizeof(buffer) - 1;
1173 	if (copy_from_user(buffer, buf, count))
1174 		return -EFAULT;
1175 	make_it_fail = simple_strtol(strstrip(buffer), &end, 0);
1176 	if (*end)
1177 		return -EINVAL;
1178 	if (make_it_fail < 0 || make_it_fail > 1)
1179 		return -EINVAL;
1180 
1181 	task = get_proc_task(file_inode(file));
1182 	if (!task)
1183 		return -ESRCH;
1184 	task->make_it_fail = make_it_fail;
1185 	put_task_struct(task);
1186 
1187 	return count;
1188 }
1189 
1190 static const struct file_operations proc_fault_inject_operations = {
1191 	.read		= proc_fault_inject_read,
1192 	.write		= proc_fault_inject_write,
1193 	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
1194 };
1195 #endif
1196 
1197 
1198 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG
1199 /*
1200  * Print out various scheduling related per-task fields:
1201  */
1202 static int sched_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
1203 {
1204 	struct inode *inode = m->private;
1205 	struct task_struct *p;
1206 
1207 	p = get_proc_task(inode);
1208 	if (!p)
1209 		return -ESRCH;
1210 	proc_sched_show_task(p, m);
1211 
1212 	put_task_struct(p);
1213 
1214 	return 0;
1215 }
1216 
1217 static ssize_t
1218 sched_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
1219 	    size_t count, loff_t *offset)
1220 {
1221 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
1222 	struct task_struct *p;
1223 
1224 	p = get_proc_task(inode);
1225 	if (!p)
1226 		return -ESRCH;
1227 	proc_sched_set_task(p);
1228 
1229 	put_task_struct(p);
1230 
1231 	return count;
1232 }
1233 
1234 static int sched_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
1235 {
1236 	return single_open(filp, sched_show, inode);
1237 }
1238 
1239 static const struct file_operations proc_pid_sched_operations = {
1240 	.open		= sched_open,
1241 	.read		= seq_read,
1242 	.write		= sched_write,
1243 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
1244 	.release	= single_release,
1245 };
1246 
1247 #endif
1248 
1249 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_AUTOGROUP
1250 /*
1251  * Print out autogroup related information:
1252  */
1253 static int sched_autogroup_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
1254 {
1255 	struct inode *inode = m->private;
1256 	struct task_struct *p;
1257 
1258 	p = get_proc_task(inode);
1259 	if (!p)
1260 		return -ESRCH;
1261 	proc_sched_autogroup_show_task(p, m);
1262 
1263 	put_task_struct(p);
1264 
1265 	return 0;
1266 }
1267 
1268 static ssize_t
1269 sched_autogroup_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
1270 	    size_t count, loff_t *offset)
1271 {
1272 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
1273 	struct task_struct *p;
1274 	char buffer[PROC_NUMBUF];
1275 	int nice;
1276 	int err;
1277 
1278 	memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
1279 	if (count > sizeof(buffer) - 1)
1280 		count = sizeof(buffer) - 1;
1281 	if (copy_from_user(buffer, buf, count))
1282 		return -EFAULT;
1283 
1284 	err = kstrtoint(strstrip(buffer), 0, &nice);
1285 	if (err < 0)
1286 		return err;
1287 
1288 	p = get_proc_task(inode);
1289 	if (!p)
1290 		return -ESRCH;
1291 
1292 	err = proc_sched_autogroup_set_nice(p, nice);
1293 	if (err)
1294 		count = err;
1295 
1296 	put_task_struct(p);
1297 
1298 	return count;
1299 }
1300 
1301 static int sched_autogroup_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
1302 {
1303 	int ret;
1304 
1305 	ret = single_open(filp, sched_autogroup_show, NULL);
1306 	if (!ret) {
1307 		struct seq_file *m = filp->private_data;
1308 
1309 		m->private = inode;
1310 	}
1311 	return ret;
1312 }
1313 
1314 static const struct file_operations proc_pid_sched_autogroup_operations = {
1315 	.open		= sched_autogroup_open,
1316 	.read		= seq_read,
1317 	.write		= sched_autogroup_write,
1318 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
1319 	.release	= single_release,
1320 };
1321 
1322 #endif /* CONFIG_SCHED_AUTOGROUP */
1323 
1324 static ssize_t comm_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
1325 				size_t count, loff_t *offset)
1326 {
1327 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
1328 	struct task_struct *p;
1329 	char buffer[TASK_COMM_LEN];
1330 	const size_t maxlen = sizeof(buffer) - 1;
1331 
1332 	memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
1333 	if (copy_from_user(buffer, buf, count > maxlen ? maxlen : count))
1334 		return -EFAULT;
1335 
1336 	p = get_proc_task(inode);
1337 	if (!p)
1338 		return -ESRCH;
1339 
1340 	if (same_thread_group(current, p))
1341 		set_task_comm(p, buffer);
1342 	else
1343 		count = -EINVAL;
1344 
1345 	put_task_struct(p);
1346 
1347 	return count;
1348 }
1349 
1350 static int comm_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
1351 {
1352 	struct inode *inode = m->private;
1353 	struct task_struct *p;
1354 
1355 	p = get_proc_task(inode);
1356 	if (!p)
1357 		return -ESRCH;
1358 
1359 	task_lock(p);
1360 	seq_printf(m, "%s\n", p->comm);
1361 	task_unlock(p);
1362 
1363 	put_task_struct(p);
1364 
1365 	return 0;
1366 }
1367 
1368 static int comm_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
1369 {
1370 	return single_open(filp, comm_show, inode);
1371 }
1372 
1373 static const struct file_operations proc_pid_set_comm_operations = {
1374 	.open		= comm_open,
1375 	.read		= seq_read,
1376 	.write		= comm_write,
1377 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
1378 	.release	= single_release,
1379 };
1380 
1381 static int proc_exe_link(struct dentry *dentry, struct path *exe_path)
1382 {
1383 	struct task_struct *task;
1384 	struct mm_struct *mm;
1385 	struct file *exe_file;
1386 
1387 	task = get_proc_task(dentry->d_inode);
1388 	if (!task)
1389 		return -ENOENT;
1390 	mm = get_task_mm(task);
1391 	put_task_struct(task);
1392 	if (!mm)
1393 		return -ENOENT;
1394 	exe_file = get_mm_exe_file(mm);
1395 	mmput(mm);
1396 	if (exe_file) {
1397 		*exe_path = exe_file->f_path;
1398 		path_get(&exe_file->f_path);
1399 		fput(exe_file);
1400 		return 0;
1401 	} else
1402 		return -ENOENT;
1403 }
1404 
1405 static void *proc_pid_follow_link(struct dentry *dentry, struct nameidata *nd)
1406 {
1407 	struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
1408 	struct path path;
1409 	int error = -EACCES;
1410 
1411 	/* Are we allowed to snoop on the tasks file descriptors? */
1412 	if (!proc_fd_access_allowed(inode))
1413 		goto out;
1414 
1415 	error = PROC_I(inode)->op.proc_get_link(dentry, &path);
1416 	if (error)
1417 		goto out;
1418 
1419 	nd_jump_link(nd, &path);
1420 	return NULL;
1421 out:
1422 	return ERR_PTR(error);
1423 }
1424 
1425 static int do_proc_readlink(struct path *path, char __user *buffer, int buflen)
1426 {
1427 	char *tmp = (char*)__get_free_page(GFP_TEMPORARY);
1428 	char *pathname;
1429 	int len;
1430 
1431 	if (!tmp)
1432 		return -ENOMEM;
1433 
1434 	pathname = d_path(path, tmp, PAGE_SIZE);
1435 	len = PTR_ERR(pathname);
1436 	if (IS_ERR(pathname))
1437 		goto out;
1438 	len = tmp + PAGE_SIZE - 1 - pathname;
1439 
1440 	if (len > buflen)
1441 		len = buflen;
1442 	if (copy_to_user(buffer, pathname, len))
1443 		len = -EFAULT;
1444  out:
1445 	free_page((unsigned long)tmp);
1446 	return len;
1447 }
1448 
1449 static int proc_pid_readlink(struct dentry * dentry, char __user * buffer, int buflen)
1450 {
1451 	int error = -EACCES;
1452 	struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
1453 	struct path path;
1454 
1455 	/* Are we allowed to snoop on the tasks file descriptors? */
1456 	if (!proc_fd_access_allowed(inode))
1457 		goto out;
1458 
1459 	error = PROC_I(inode)->op.proc_get_link(dentry, &path);
1460 	if (error)
1461 		goto out;
1462 
1463 	error = do_proc_readlink(&path, buffer, buflen);
1464 	path_put(&path);
1465 out:
1466 	return error;
1467 }
1468 
1469 const struct inode_operations proc_pid_link_inode_operations = {
1470 	.readlink	= proc_pid_readlink,
1471 	.follow_link	= proc_pid_follow_link,
1472 	.setattr	= proc_setattr,
1473 };
1474 
1475 
1476 /* building an inode */
1477 
1478 struct inode *proc_pid_make_inode(struct super_block * sb, struct task_struct *task)
1479 {
1480 	struct inode * inode;
1481 	struct proc_inode *ei;
1482 	const struct cred *cred;
1483 
1484 	/* We need a new inode */
1485 
1486 	inode = new_inode(sb);
1487 	if (!inode)
1488 		goto out;
1489 
1490 	/* Common stuff */
1491 	ei = PROC_I(inode);
1492 	inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
1493 	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME;
1494 	inode->i_op = &proc_def_inode_operations;
1495 
1496 	/*
1497 	 * grab the reference to task.
1498 	 */
1499 	ei->pid = get_task_pid(task, PIDTYPE_PID);
1500 	if (!ei->pid)
1501 		goto out_unlock;
1502 
1503 	if (task_dumpable(task)) {
1504 		rcu_read_lock();
1505 		cred = __task_cred(task);
1506 		inode->i_uid = cred->euid;
1507 		inode->i_gid = cred->egid;
1508 		rcu_read_unlock();
1509 	}
1510 	security_task_to_inode(task, inode);
1511 
1512 out:
1513 	return inode;
1514 
1515 out_unlock:
1516 	iput(inode);
1517 	return NULL;
1518 }
1519 
1520 int pid_getattr(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry, struct kstat *stat)
1521 {
1522 	struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
1523 	struct task_struct *task;
1524 	const struct cred *cred;
1525 	struct pid_namespace *pid = dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
1526 
1527 	generic_fillattr(inode, stat);
1528 
1529 	rcu_read_lock();
1530 	stat->uid = GLOBAL_ROOT_UID;
1531 	stat->gid = GLOBAL_ROOT_GID;
1532 	task = pid_task(proc_pid(inode), PIDTYPE_PID);
1533 	if (task) {
1534 		if (!has_pid_permissions(pid, task, 2)) {
1535 			rcu_read_unlock();
1536 			/*
1537 			 * This doesn't prevent learning whether PID exists,
1538 			 * it only makes getattr() consistent with readdir().
1539 			 */
1540 			return -ENOENT;
1541 		}
1542 		if ((inode->i_mode == (S_IFDIR|S_IRUGO|S_IXUGO)) ||
1543 		    task_dumpable(task)) {
1544 			cred = __task_cred(task);
1545 			stat->uid = cred->euid;
1546 			stat->gid = cred->egid;
1547 		}
1548 	}
1549 	rcu_read_unlock();
1550 	return 0;
1551 }
1552 
1553 /* dentry stuff */
1554 
1555 /*
1556  *	Exceptional case: normally we are not allowed to unhash a busy
1557  * directory. In this case, however, we can do it - no aliasing problems
1558  * due to the way we treat inodes.
1559  *
1560  * Rewrite the inode's ownerships here because the owning task may have
1561  * performed a setuid(), etc.
1562  *
1563  * Before the /proc/pid/status file was created the only way to read
1564  * the effective uid of a /process was to stat /proc/pid.  Reading
1565  * /proc/pid/status is slow enough that procps and other packages
1566  * kept stating /proc/pid.  To keep the rules in /proc simple I have
1567  * made this apply to all per process world readable and executable
1568  * directories.
1569  */
1570 int pid_revalidate(struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
1571 {
1572 	struct inode *inode;
1573 	struct task_struct *task;
1574 	const struct cred *cred;
1575 
1576 	if (flags & LOOKUP_RCU)
1577 		return -ECHILD;
1578 
1579 	inode = dentry->d_inode;
1580 	task = get_proc_task(inode);
1581 
1582 	if (task) {
1583 		if ((inode->i_mode == (S_IFDIR|S_IRUGO|S_IXUGO)) ||
1584 		    task_dumpable(task)) {
1585 			rcu_read_lock();
1586 			cred = __task_cred(task);
1587 			inode->i_uid = cred->euid;
1588 			inode->i_gid = cred->egid;
1589 			rcu_read_unlock();
1590 		} else {
1591 			inode->i_uid = GLOBAL_ROOT_UID;
1592 			inode->i_gid = GLOBAL_ROOT_GID;
1593 		}
1594 		inode->i_mode &= ~(S_ISUID | S_ISGID);
1595 		security_task_to_inode(task, inode);
1596 		put_task_struct(task);
1597 		return 1;
1598 	}
1599 	d_drop(dentry);
1600 	return 0;
1601 }
1602 
1603 static inline bool proc_inode_is_dead(struct inode *inode)
1604 {
1605 	return !proc_pid(inode)->tasks[PIDTYPE_PID].first;
1606 }
1607 
1608 int pid_delete_dentry(const struct dentry *dentry)
1609 {
1610 	/* Is the task we represent dead?
1611 	 * If so, then don't put the dentry on the lru list,
1612 	 * kill it immediately.
1613 	 */
1614 	return proc_inode_is_dead(dentry->d_inode);
1615 }
1616 
1617 const struct dentry_operations pid_dentry_operations =
1618 {
1619 	.d_revalidate	= pid_revalidate,
1620 	.d_delete	= pid_delete_dentry,
1621 };
1622 
1623 /* Lookups */
1624 
1625 /*
1626  * Fill a directory entry.
1627  *
1628  * If possible create the dcache entry and derive our inode number and
1629  * file type from dcache entry.
1630  *
1631  * Since all of the proc inode numbers are dynamically generated, the inode
1632  * numbers do not exist until the inode is cache.  This means creating the
1633  * the dcache entry in readdir is necessary to keep the inode numbers
1634  * reported by readdir in sync with the inode numbers reported
1635  * by stat.
1636  */
1637 bool proc_fill_cache(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx,
1638 	const char *name, int len,
1639 	instantiate_t instantiate, struct task_struct *task, const void *ptr)
1640 {
1641 	struct dentry *child, *dir = file->f_path.dentry;
1642 	struct qstr qname = QSTR_INIT(name, len);
1643 	struct inode *inode;
1644 	unsigned type;
1645 	ino_t ino;
1646 
1647 	child = d_hash_and_lookup(dir, &qname);
1648 	if (!child) {
1649 		child = d_alloc(dir, &qname);
1650 		if (!child)
1651 			goto end_instantiate;
1652 		if (instantiate(dir->d_inode, child, task, ptr) < 0) {
1653 			dput(child);
1654 			goto end_instantiate;
1655 		}
1656 	}
1657 	inode = child->d_inode;
1658 	ino = inode->i_ino;
1659 	type = inode->i_mode >> 12;
1660 	dput(child);
1661 	return dir_emit(ctx, name, len, ino, type);
1662 
1663 end_instantiate:
1664 	return dir_emit(ctx, name, len, 1, DT_UNKNOWN);
1665 }
1666 
1667 #ifdef CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE
1668 
1669 /*
1670  * dname_to_vma_addr - maps a dentry name into two unsigned longs
1671  * which represent vma start and end addresses.
1672  */
1673 static int dname_to_vma_addr(struct dentry *dentry,
1674 			     unsigned long *start, unsigned long *end)
1675 {
1676 	if (sscanf(dentry->d_name.name, "%lx-%lx", start, end) != 2)
1677 		return -EINVAL;
1678 
1679 	return 0;
1680 }
1681 
1682 static int map_files_d_revalidate(struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
1683 {
1684 	unsigned long vm_start, vm_end;
1685 	bool exact_vma_exists = false;
1686 	struct mm_struct *mm = NULL;
1687 	struct task_struct *task;
1688 	const struct cred *cred;
1689 	struct inode *inode;
1690 	int status = 0;
1691 
1692 	if (flags & LOOKUP_RCU)
1693 		return -ECHILD;
1694 
1695 	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) {
1696 		status = -EPERM;
1697 		goto out_notask;
1698 	}
1699 
1700 	inode = dentry->d_inode;
1701 	task = get_proc_task(inode);
1702 	if (!task)
1703 		goto out_notask;
1704 
1705 	mm = mm_access(task, PTRACE_MODE_READ);
1706 	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(mm))
1707 		goto out;
1708 
1709 	if (!dname_to_vma_addr(dentry, &vm_start, &vm_end)) {
1710 		down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
1711 		exact_vma_exists = !!find_exact_vma(mm, vm_start, vm_end);
1712 		up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
1713 	}
1714 
1715 	mmput(mm);
1716 
1717 	if (exact_vma_exists) {
1718 		if (task_dumpable(task)) {
1719 			rcu_read_lock();
1720 			cred = __task_cred(task);
1721 			inode->i_uid = cred->euid;
1722 			inode->i_gid = cred->egid;
1723 			rcu_read_unlock();
1724 		} else {
1725 			inode->i_uid = GLOBAL_ROOT_UID;
1726 			inode->i_gid = GLOBAL_ROOT_GID;
1727 		}
1728 		security_task_to_inode(task, inode);
1729 		status = 1;
1730 	}
1731 
1732 out:
1733 	put_task_struct(task);
1734 
1735 out_notask:
1736 	if (status <= 0)
1737 		d_drop(dentry);
1738 
1739 	return status;
1740 }
1741 
1742 static const struct dentry_operations tid_map_files_dentry_operations = {
1743 	.d_revalidate	= map_files_d_revalidate,
1744 	.d_delete	= pid_delete_dentry,
1745 };
1746 
1747 static int proc_map_files_get_link(struct dentry *dentry, struct path *path)
1748 {
1749 	unsigned long vm_start, vm_end;
1750 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
1751 	struct task_struct *task;
1752 	struct mm_struct *mm;
1753 	int rc;
1754 
1755 	rc = -ENOENT;
1756 	task = get_proc_task(dentry->d_inode);
1757 	if (!task)
1758 		goto out;
1759 
1760 	mm = get_task_mm(task);
1761 	put_task_struct(task);
1762 	if (!mm)
1763 		goto out;
1764 
1765 	rc = dname_to_vma_addr(dentry, &vm_start, &vm_end);
1766 	if (rc)
1767 		goto out_mmput;
1768 
1769 	rc = -ENOENT;
1770 	down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
1771 	vma = find_exact_vma(mm, vm_start, vm_end);
1772 	if (vma && vma->vm_file) {
1773 		*path = vma->vm_file->f_path;
1774 		path_get(path);
1775 		rc = 0;
1776 	}
1777 	up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
1778 
1779 out_mmput:
1780 	mmput(mm);
1781 out:
1782 	return rc;
1783 }
1784 
1785 struct map_files_info {
1786 	fmode_t		mode;
1787 	unsigned long	len;
1788 	unsigned char	name[4*sizeof(long)+2]; /* max: %lx-%lx\0 */
1789 };
1790 
1791 static int
1792 proc_map_files_instantiate(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
1793 			   struct task_struct *task, const void *ptr)
1794 {
1795 	fmode_t mode = (fmode_t)(unsigned long)ptr;
1796 	struct proc_inode *ei;
1797 	struct inode *inode;
1798 
1799 	inode = proc_pid_make_inode(dir->i_sb, task);
1800 	if (!inode)
1801 		return -ENOENT;
1802 
1803 	ei = PROC_I(inode);
1804 	ei->op.proc_get_link = proc_map_files_get_link;
1805 
1806 	inode->i_op = &proc_pid_link_inode_operations;
1807 	inode->i_size = 64;
1808 	inode->i_mode = S_IFLNK;
1809 
1810 	if (mode & FMODE_READ)
1811 		inode->i_mode |= S_IRUSR;
1812 	if (mode & FMODE_WRITE)
1813 		inode->i_mode |= S_IWUSR;
1814 
1815 	d_set_d_op(dentry, &tid_map_files_dentry_operations);
1816 	d_add(dentry, inode);
1817 
1818 	return 0;
1819 }
1820 
1821 static struct dentry *proc_map_files_lookup(struct inode *dir,
1822 		struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
1823 {
1824 	unsigned long vm_start, vm_end;
1825 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
1826 	struct task_struct *task;
1827 	int result;
1828 	struct mm_struct *mm;
1829 
1830 	result = -EPERM;
1831 	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
1832 		goto out;
1833 
1834 	result = -ENOENT;
1835 	task = get_proc_task(dir);
1836 	if (!task)
1837 		goto out;
1838 
1839 	result = -EACCES;
1840 	if (!ptrace_may_access(task, PTRACE_MODE_READ))
1841 		goto out_put_task;
1842 
1843 	result = -ENOENT;
1844 	if (dname_to_vma_addr(dentry, &vm_start, &vm_end))
1845 		goto out_put_task;
1846 
1847 	mm = get_task_mm(task);
1848 	if (!mm)
1849 		goto out_put_task;
1850 
1851 	down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
1852 	vma = find_exact_vma(mm, vm_start, vm_end);
1853 	if (!vma)
1854 		goto out_no_vma;
1855 
1856 	if (vma->vm_file)
1857 		result = proc_map_files_instantiate(dir, dentry, task,
1858 				(void *)(unsigned long)vma->vm_file->f_mode);
1859 
1860 out_no_vma:
1861 	up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
1862 	mmput(mm);
1863 out_put_task:
1864 	put_task_struct(task);
1865 out:
1866 	return ERR_PTR(result);
1867 }
1868 
1869 static const struct inode_operations proc_map_files_inode_operations = {
1870 	.lookup		= proc_map_files_lookup,
1871 	.permission	= proc_fd_permission,
1872 	.setattr	= proc_setattr,
1873 };
1874 
1875 static int
1876 proc_map_files_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
1877 {
1878 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
1879 	struct task_struct *task;
1880 	struct mm_struct *mm;
1881 	unsigned long nr_files, pos, i;
1882 	struct flex_array *fa = NULL;
1883 	struct map_files_info info;
1884 	struct map_files_info *p;
1885 	int ret;
1886 
1887 	ret = -EPERM;
1888 	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
1889 		goto out;
1890 
1891 	ret = -ENOENT;
1892 	task = get_proc_task(file_inode(file));
1893 	if (!task)
1894 		goto out;
1895 
1896 	ret = -EACCES;
1897 	if (!ptrace_may_access(task, PTRACE_MODE_READ))
1898 		goto out_put_task;
1899 
1900 	ret = 0;
1901 	if (!dir_emit_dots(file, ctx))
1902 		goto out_put_task;
1903 
1904 	mm = get_task_mm(task);
1905 	if (!mm)
1906 		goto out_put_task;
1907 	down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
1908 
1909 	nr_files = 0;
1910 
1911 	/*
1912 	 * We need two passes here:
1913 	 *
1914 	 *  1) Collect vmas of mapped files with mmap_sem taken
1915 	 *  2) Release mmap_sem and instantiate entries
1916 	 *
1917 	 * otherwise we get lockdep complained, since filldir()
1918 	 * routine might require mmap_sem taken in might_fault().
1919 	 */
1920 
1921 	for (vma = mm->mmap, pos = 2; vma; vma = vma->vm_next) {
1922 		if (vma->vm_file && ++pos > ctx->pos)
1923 			nr_files++;
1924 	}
1925 
1926 	if (nr_files) {
1927 		fa = flex_array_alloc(sizeof(info), nr_files,
1928 					GFP_KERNEL);
1929 		if (!fa || flex_array_prealloc(fa, 0, nr_files,
1930 						GFP_KERNEL)) {
1931 			ret = -ENOMEM;
1932 			if (fa)
1933 				flex_array_free(fa);
1934 			up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
1935 			mmput(mm);
1936 			goto out_put_task;
1937 		}
1938 		for (i = 0, vma = mm->mmap, pos = 2; vma;
1939 				vma = vma->vm_next) {
1940 			if (!vma->vm_file)
1941 				continue;
1942 			if (++pos <= ctx->pos)
1943 				continue;
1944 
1945 			info.mode = vma->vm_file->f_mode;
1946 			info.len = snprintf(info.name,
1947 					sizeof(info.name), "%lx-%lx",
1948 					vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end);
1949 			if (flex_array_put(fa, i++, &info, GFP_KERNEL))
1950 				BUG();
1951 		}
1952 	}
1953 	up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
1954 
1955 	for (i = 0; i < nr_files; i++) {
1956 		p = flex_array_get(fa, i);
1957 		if (!proc_fill_cache(file, ctx,
1958 				      p->name, p->len,
1959 				      proc_map_files_instantiate,
1960 				      task,
1961 				      (void *)(unsigned long)p->mode))
1962 			break;
1963 		ctx->pos++;
1964 	}
1965 	if (fa)
1966 		flex_array_free(fa);
1967 	mmput(mm);
1968 
1969 out_put_task:
1970 	put_task_struct(task);
1971 out:
1972 	return ret;
1973 }
1974 
1975 static const struct file_operations proc_map_files_operations = {
1976 	.read		= generic_read_dir,
1977 	.iterate	= proc_map_files_readdir,
1978 	.llseek		= default_llseek,
1979 };
1980 
1981 struct timers_private {
1982 	struct pid *pid;
1983 	struct task_struct *task;
1984 	struct sighand_struct *sighand;
1985 	struct pid_namespace *ns;
1986 	unsigned long flags;
1987 };
1988 
1989 static void *timers_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
1990 {
1991 	struct timers_private *tp = m->private;
1992 
1993 	tp->task = get_pid_task(tp->pid, PIDTYPE_PID);
1994 	if (!tp->task)
1995 		return ERR_PTR(-ESRCH);
1996 
1997 	tp->sighand = lock_task_sighand(tp->task, &tp->flags);
1998 	if (!tp->sighand)
1999 		return ERR_PTR(-ESRCH);
2000 
2001 	return seq_list_start(&tp->task->signal->posix_timers, *pos);
2002 }
2003 
2004 static void *timers_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *pos)
2005 {
2006 	struct timers_private *tp = m->private;
2007 	return seq_list_next(v, &tp->task->signal->posix_timers, pos);
2008 }
2009 
2010 static void timers_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
2011 {
2012 	struct timers_private *tp = m->private;
2013 
2014 	if (tp->sighand) {
2015 		unlock_task_sighand(tp->task, &tp->flags);
2016 		tp->sighand = NULL;
2017 	}
2018 
2019 	if (tp->task) {
2020 		put_task_struct(tp->task);
2021 		tp->task = NULL;
2022 	}
2023 }
2024 
2025 static int show_timer(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
2026 {
2027 	struct k_itimer *timer;
2028 	struct timers_private *tp = m->private;
2029 	int notify;
2030 	static const char * const nstr[] = {
2031 		[SIGEV_SIGNAL] = "signal",
2032 		[SIGEV_NONE] = "none",
2033 		[SIGEV_THREAD] = "thread",
2034 	};
2035 
2036 	timer = list_entry((struct list_head *)v, struct k_itimer, list);
2037 	notify = timer->it_sigev_notify;
2038 
2039 	seq_printf(m, "ID: %d\n", timer->it_id);
2040 	seq_printf(m, "signal: %d/%p\n", timer->sigq->info.si_signo,
2041 			timer->sigq->info.si_value.sival_ptr);
2042 	seq_printf(m, "notify: %s/%s.%d\n",
2043 		nstr[notify & ~SIGEV_THREAD_ID],
2044 		(notify & SIGEV_THREAD_ID) ? "tid" : "pid",
2045 		pid_nr_ns(timer->it_pid, tp->ns));
2046 	seq_printf(m, "ClockID: %d\n", timer->it_clock);
2047 
2048 	return 0;
2049 }
2050 
2051 static const struct seq_operations proc_timers_seq_ops = {
2052 	.start	= timers_start,
2053 	.next	= timers_next,
2054 	.stop	= timers_stop,
2055 	.show	= show_timer,
2056 };
2057 
2058 static int proc_timers_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
2059 {
2060 	struct timers_private *tp;
2061 
2062 	tp = __seq_open_private(file, &proc_timers_seq_ops,
2063 			sizeof(struct timers_private));
2064 	if (!tp)
2065 		return -ENOMEM;
2066 
2067 	tp->pid = proc_pid(inode);
2068 	tp->ns = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;
2069 	return 0;
2070 }
2071 
2072 static const struct file_operations proc_timers_operations = {
2073 	.open		= proc_timers_open,
2074 	.read		= seq_read,
2075 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
2076 	.release	= seq_release_private,
2077 };
2078 #endif /* CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE */
2079 
2080 static int proc_pident_instantiate(struct inode *dir,
2081 	struct dentry *dentry, struct task_struct *task, const void *ptr)
2082 {
2083 	const struct pid_entry *p = ptr;
2084 	struct inode *inode;
2085 	struct proc_inode *ei;
2086 
2087 	inode = proc_pid_make_inode(dir->i_sb, task);
2088 	if (!inode)
2089 		goto out;
2090 
2091 	ei = PROC_I(inode);
2092 	inode->i_mode = p->mode;
2093 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
2094 		set_nlink(inode, 2);	/* Use getattr to fix if necessary */
2095 	if (p->iop)
2096 		inode->i_op = p->iop;
2097 	if (p->fop)
2098 		inode->i_fop = p->fop;
2099 	ei->op = p->op;
2100 	d_set_d_op(dentry, &pid_dentry_operations);
2101 	d_add(dentry, inode);
2102 	/* Close the race of the process dying before we return the dentry */
2103 	if (pid_revalidate(dentry, 0))
2104 		return 0;
2105 out:
2106 	return -ENOENT;
2107 }
2108 
2109 static struct dentry *proc_pident_lookup(struct inode *dir,
2110 					 struct dentry *dentry,
2111 					 const struct pid_entry *ents,
2112 					 unsigned int nents)
2113 {
2114 	int error;
2115 	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(dir);
2116 	const struct pid_entry *p, *last;
2117 
2118 	error = -ENOENT;
2119 
2120 	if (!task)
2121 		goto out_no_task;
2122 
2123 	/*
2124 	 * Yes, it does not scale. And it should not. Don't add
2125 	 * new entries into /proc/<tgid>/ without very good reasons.
2126 	 */
2127 	last = &ents[nents - 1];
2128 	for (p = ents; p <= last; p++) {
2129 		if (p->len != dentry->d_name.len)
2130 			continue;
2131 		if (!memcmp(dentry->d_name.name, p->name, p->len))
2132 			break;
2133 	}
2134 	if (p > last)
2135 		goto out;
2136 
2137 	error = proc_pident_instantiate(dir, dentry, task, p);
2138 out:
2139 	put_task_struct(task);
2140 out_no_task:
2141 	return ERR_PTR(error);
2142 }
2143 
2144 static int proc_pident_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx,
2145 		const struct pid_entry *ents, unsigned int nents)
2146 {
2147 	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(file_inode(file));
2148 	const struct pid_entry *p;
2149 
2150 	if (!task)
2151 		return -ENOENT;
2152 
2153 	if (!dir_emit_dots(file, ctx))
2154 		goto out;
2155 
2156 	if (ctx->pos >= nents + 2)
2157 		goto out;
2158 
2159 	for (p = ents + (ctx->pos - 2); p <= ents + nents - 1; p++) {
2160 		if (!proc_fill_cache(file, ctx, p->name, p->len,
2161 				proc_pident_instantiate, task, p))
2162 			break;
2163 		ctx->pos++;
2164 	}
2165 out:
2166 	put_task_struct(task);
2167 	return 0;
2168 }
2169 
2170 #ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
2171 static ssize_t proc_pid_attr_read(struct file * file, char __user * buf,
2172 				  size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
2173 {
2174 	struct inode * inode = file_inode(file);
2175 	char *p = NULL;
2176 	ssize_t length;
2177 	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(inode);
2178 
2179 	if (!task)
2180 		return -ESRCH;
2181 
2182 	length = security_getprocattr(task,
2183 				      (char*)file->f_path.dentry->d_name.name,
2184 				      &p);
2185 	put_task_struct(task);
2186 	if (length > 0)
2187 		length = simple_read_from_buffer(buf, count, ppos, p, length);
2188 	kfree(p);
2189 	return length;
2190 }
2191 
2192 static ssize_t proc_pid_attr_write(struct file * file, const char __user * buf,
2193 				   size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
2194 {
2195 	struct inode * inode = file_inode(file);
2196 	char *page;
2197 	ssize_t length;
2198 	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(inode);
2199 
2200 	length = -ESRCH;
2201 	if (!task)
2202 		goto out_no_task;
2203 	if (count > PAGE_SIZE)
2204 		count = PAGE_SIZE;
2205 
2206 	/* No partial writes. */
2207 	length = -EINVAL;
2208 	if (*ppos != 0)
2209 		goto out;
2210 
2211 	length = -ENOMEM;
2212 	page = (char*)__get_free_page(GFP_TEMPORARY);
2213 	if (!page)
2214 		goto out;
2215 
2216 	length = -EFAULT;
2217 	if (copy_from_user(page, buf, count))
2218 		goto out_free;
2219 
2220 	/* Guard against adverse ptrace interaction */
2221 	length = mutex_lock_interruptible(&task->signal->cred_guard_mutex);
2222 	if (length < 0)
2223 		goto out_free;
2224 
2225 	length = security_setprocattr(task,
2226 				      (char*)file->f_path.dentry->d_name.name,
2227 				      (void*)page, count);
2228 	mutex_unlock(&task->signal->cred_guard_mutex);
2229 out_free:
2230 	free_page((unsigned long) page);
2231 out:
2232 	put_task_struct(task);
2233 out_no_task:
2234 	return length;
2235 }
2236 
2237 static const struct file_operations proc_pid_attr_operations = {
2238 	.read		= proc_pid_attr_read,
2239 	.write		= proc_pid_attr_write,
2240 	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
2241 };
2242 
2243 static const struct pid_entry attr_dir_stuff[] = {
2244 	REG("current",    S_IRUGO|S_IWUGO, proc_pid_attr_operations),
2245 	REG("prev",       S_IRUGO,	   proc_pid_attr_operations),
2246 	REG("exec",       S_IRUGO|S_IWUGO, proc_pid_attr_operations),
2247 	REG("fscreate",   S_IRUGO|S_IWUGO, proc_pid_attr_operations),
2248 	REG("keycreate",  S_IRUGO|S_IWUGO, proc_pid_attr_operations),
2249 	REG("sockcreate", S_IRUGO|S_IWUGO, proc_pid_attr_operations),
2250 };
2251 
2252 static int proc_attr_dir_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
2253 {
2254 	return proc_pident_readdir(file, ctx,
2255 				   attr_dir_stuff, ARRAY_SIZE(attr_dir_stuff));
2256 }
2257 
2258 static const struct file_operations proc_attr_dir_operations = {
2259 	.read		= generic_read_dir,
2260 	.iterate	= proc_attr_dir_readdir,
2261 	.llseek		= default_llseek,
2262 };
2263 
2264 static struct dentry *proc_attr_dir_lookup(struct inode *dir,
2265 				struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
2266 {
2267 	return proc_pident_lookup(dir, dentry,
2268 				  attr_dir_stuff, ARRAY_SIZE(attr_dir_stuff));
2269 }
2270 
2271 static const struct inode_operations proc_attr_dir_inode_operations = {
2272 	.lookup		= proc_attr_dir_lookup,
2273 	.getattr	= pid_getattr,
2274 	.setattr	= proc_setattr,
2275 };
2276 
2277 #endif
2278 
2279 #ifdef CONFIG_ELF_CORE
2280 static ssize_t proc_coredump_filter_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
2281 					 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
2282 {
2283 	struct task_struct *task = get_proc_task(file_inode(file));
2284 	struct mm_struct *mm;
2285 	char buffer[PROC_NUMBUF];
2286 	size_t len;
2287 	int ret;
2288 
2289 	if (!task)
2290 		return -ESRCH;
2291 
2292 	ret = 0;
2293 	mm = get_task_mm(task);
2294 	if (mm) {
2295 		len = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%08lx\n",
2296 			       ((mm->flags & MMF_DUMP_FILTER_MASK) >>
2297 				MMF_DUMP_FILTER_SHIFT));
2298 		mmput(mm);
2299 		ret = simple_read_from_buffer(buf, count, ppos, buffer, len);
2300 	}
2301 
2302 	put_task_struct(task);
2303 
2304 	return ret;
2305 }
2306 
2307 static ssize_t proc_coredump_filter_write(struct file *file,
2308 					  const char __user *buf,
2309 					  size_t count,
2310 					  loff_t *ppos)
2311 {
2312 	struct task_struct *task;
2313 	struct mm_struct *mm;
2314 	char buffer[PROC_NUMBUF], *end;
2315 	unsigned int val;
2316 	int ret;
2317 	int i;
2318 	unsigned long mask;
2319 
2320 	ret = -EFAULT;
2321 	memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
2322 	if (count > sizeof(buffer) - 1)
2323 		count = sizeof(buffer) - 1;
2324 	if (copy_from_user(buffer, buf, count))
2325 		goto out_no_task;
2326 
2327 	ret = -EINVAL;
2328 	val = (unsigned int)simple_strtoul(buffer, &end, 0);
2329 	if (*end == '\n')
2330 		end++;
2331 	if (end - buffer == 0)
2332 		goto out_no_task;
2333 
2334 	ret = -ESRCH;
2335 	task = get_proc_task(file_inode(file));
2336 	if (!task)
2337 		goto out_no_task;
2338 
2339 	ret = end - buffer;
2340 	mm = get_task_mm(task);
2341 	if (!mm)
2342 		goto out_no_mm;
2343 
2344 	for (i = 0, mask = 1; i < MMF_DUMP_FILTER_BITS; i++, mask <<= 1) {
2345 		if (val & mask)
2346 			set_bit(i + MMF_DUMP_FILTER_SHIFT, &mm->flags);
2347 		else
2348 			clear_bit(i + MMF_DUMP_FILTER_SHIFT, &mm->flags);
2349 	}
2350 
2351 	mmput(mm);
2352  out_no_mm:
2353 	put_task_struct(task);
2354  out_no_task:
2355 	return ret;
2356 }
2357 
2358 static const struct file_operations proc_coredump_filter_operations = {
2359 	.read		= proc_coredump_filter_read,
2360 	.write		= proc_coredump_filter_write,
2361 	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
2362 };
2363 #endif
2364 
2365 #ifdef CONFIG_TASK_IO_ACCOUNTING
2366 static int do_io_accounting(struct task_struct *task, struct seq_file *m, int whole)
2367 {
2368 	struct task_io_accounting acct = task->ioac;
2369 	unsigned long flags;
2370 	int result;
2371 
2372 	result = mutex_lock_killable(&task->signal->cred_guard_mutex);
2373 	if (result)
2374 		return result;
2375 
2376 	if (!ptrace_may_access(task, PTRACE_MODE_READ)) {
2377 		result = -EACCES;
2378 		goto out_unlock;
2379 	}
2380 
2381 	if (whole && lock_task_sighand(task, &flags)) {
2382 		struct task_struct *t = task;
2383 
2384 		task_io_accounting_add(&acct, &task->signal->ioac);
2385 		while_each_thread(task, t)
2386 			task_io_accounting_add(&acct, &t->ioac);
2387 
2388 		unlock_task_sighand(task, &flags);
2389 	}
2390 	result = seq_printf(m,
2391 			"rchar: %llu\n"
2392 			"wchar: %llu\n"
2393 			"syscr: %llu\n"
2394 			"syscw: %llu\n"
2395 			"read_bytes: %llu\n"
2396 			"write_bytes: %llu\n"
2397 			"cancelled_write_bytes: %llu\n",
2398 			(unsigned long long)acct.rchar,
2399 			(unsigned long long)acct.wchar,
2400 			(unsigned long long)acct.syscr,
2401 			(unsigned long long)acct.syscw,
2402 			(unsigned long long)acct.read_bytes,
2403 			(unsigned long long)acct.write_bytes,
2404 			(unsigned long long)acct.cancelled_write_bytes);
2405 out_unlock:
2406 	mutex_unlock(&task->signal->cred_guard_mutex);
2407 	return result;
2408 }
2409 
2410 static int proc_tid_io_accounting(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
2411 				  struct pid *pid, struct task_struct *task)
2412 {
2413 	return do_io_accounting(task, m, 0);
2414 }
2415 
2416 static int proc_tgid_io_accounting(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
2417 				   struct pid *pid, struct task_struct *task)
2418 {
2419 	return do_io_accounting(task, m, 1);
2420 }
2421 #endif /* CONFIG_TASK_IO_ACCOUNTING */
2422 
2423 #ifdef CONFIG_USER_NS
2424 static int proc_id_map_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
2425 	const struct seq_operations *seq_ops)
2426 {
2427 	struct user_namespace *ns = NULL;
2428 	struct task_struct *task;
2429 	struct seq_file *seq;
2430 	int ret = -EINVAL;
2431 
2432 	task = get_proc_task(inode);
2433 	if (task) {
2434 		rcu_read_lock();
2435 		ns = get_user_ns(task_cred_xxx(task, user_ns));
2436 		rcu_read_unlock();
2437 		put_task_struct(task);
2438 	}
2439 	if (!ns)
2440 		goto err;
2441 
2442 	ret = seq_open(file, seq_ops);
2443 	if (ret)
2444 		goto err_put_ns;
2445 
2446 	seq = file->private_data;
2447 	seq->private = ns;
2448 
2449 	return 0;
2450 err_put_ns:
2451 	put_user_ns(ns);
2452 err:
2453 	return ret;
2454 }
2455 
2456 static int proc_id_map_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
2457 {
2458 	struct seq_file *seq = file->private_data;
2459 	struct user_namespace *ns = seq->private;
2460 	put_user_ns(ns);
2461 	return seq_release(inode, file);
2462 }
2463 
2464 static int proc_uid_map_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
2465 {
2466 	return proc_id_map_open(inode, file, &proc_uid_seq_operations);
2467 }
2468 
2469 static int proc_gid_map_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
2470 {
2471 	return proc_id_map_open(inode, file, &proc_gid_seq_operations);
2472 }
2473 
2474 static int proc_projid_map_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
2475 {
2476 	return proc_id_map_open(inode, file, &proc_projid_seq_operations);
2477 }
2478 
2479 static const struct file_operations proc_uid_map_operations = {
2480 	.open		= proc_uid_map_open,
2481 	.write		= proc_uid_map_write,
2482 	.read		= seq_read,
2483 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
2484 	.release	= proc_id_map_release,
2485 };
2486 
2487 static const struct file_operations proc_gid_map_operations = {
2488 	.open		= proc_gid_map_open,
2489 	.write		= proc_gid_map_write,
2490 	.read		= seq_read,
2491 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
2492 	.release	= proc_id_map_release,
2493 };
2494 
2495 static const struct file_operations proc_projid_map_operations = {
2496 	.open		= proc_projid_map_open,
2497 	.write		= proc_projid_map_write,
2498 	.read		= seq_read,
2499 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
2500 	.release	= proc_id_map_release,
2501 };
2502 #endif /* CONFIG_USER_NS */
2503 
2504 static int proc_pid_personality(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
2505 				struct pid *pid, struct task_struct *task)
2506 {
2507 	int err = lock_trace(task);
2508 	if (!err) {
2509 		seq_printf(m, "%08x\n", task->personality);
2510 		unlock_trace(task);
2511 	}
2512 	return err;
2513 }
2514 
2515 /*
2516  * Thread groups
2517  */
2518 static const struct file_operations proc_task_operations;
2519 static const struct inode_operations proc_task_inode_operations;
2520 
2521 static const struct pid_entry tgid_base_stuff[] = {
2522 	DIR("task",       S_IRUGO|S_IXUGO, proc_task_inode_operations, proc_task_operations),
2523 	DIR("fd",         S_IRUSR|S_IXUSR, proc_fd_inode_operations, proc_fd_operations),
2524 #ifdef CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE
2525 	DIR("map_files",  S_IRUSR|S_IXUSR, proc_map_files_inode_operations, proc_map_files_operations),
2526 #endif
2527 	DIR("fdinfo",     S_IRUSR|S_IXUSR, proc_fdinfo_inode_operations, proc_fdinfo_operations),
2528 	DIR("ns",	  S_IRUSR|S_IXUGO, proc_ns_dir_inode_operations, proc_ns_dir_operations),
2529 #ifdef CONFIG_NET
2530 	DIR("net",        S_IRUGO|S_IXUGO, proc_net_inode_operations, proc_net_operations),
2531 #endif
2532 	REG("environ",    S_IRUSR, proc_environ_operations),
2533 	ONE("auxv",       S_IRUSR, proc_pid_auxv),
2534 	ONE("status",     S_IRUGO, proc_pid_status),
2535 	ONE("personality", S_IRUSR, proc_pid_personality),
2536 	ONE("limits",	  S_IRUGO, proc_pid_limits),
2537 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG
2538 	REG("sched",      S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_pid_sched_operations),
2539 #endif
2540 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_AUTOGROUP
2541 	REG("autogroup",  S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_pid_sched_autogroup_operations),
2542 #endif
2543 	REG("comm",      S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_pid_set_comm_operations),
2544 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK
2545 	ONE("syscall",    S_IRUSR, proc_pid_syscall),
2546 #endif
2547 	ONE("cmdline",    S_IRUGO, proc_pid_cmdline),
2548 	ONE("stat",       S_IRUGO, proc_tgid_stat),
2549 	ONE("statm",      S_IRUGO, proc_pid_statm),
2550 	REG("maps",       S_IRUGO, proc_pid_maps_operations),
2551 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
2552 	REG("numa_maps",  S_IRUGO, proc_pid_numa_maps_operations),
2553 #endif
2554 	REG("mem",        S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR, proc_mem_operations),
2555 	LNK("cwd",        proc_cwd_link),
2556 	LNK("root",       proc_root_link),
2557 	LNK("exe",        proc_exe_link),
2558 	REG("mounts",     S_IRUGO, proc_mounts_operations),
2559 	REG("mountinfo",  S_IRUGO, proc_mountinfo_operations),
2560 	REG("mountstats", S_IRUSR, proc_mountstats_operations),
2561 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_PAGE_MONITOR
2562 	REG("clear_refs", S_IWUSR, proc_clear_refs_operations),
2563 	REG("smaps",      S_IRUGO, proc_pid_smaps_operations),
2564 	REG("pagemap",    S_IRUSR, proc_pagemap_operations),
2565 #endif
2566 #ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
2567 	DIR("attr",       S_IRUGO|S_IXUGO, proc_attr_dir_inode_operations, proc_attr_dir_operations),
2568 #endif
2569 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
2570 	ONE("wchan",      S_IRUGO, proc_pid_wchan),
2571 #endif
2572 #ifdef CONFIG_STACKTRACE
2573 	ONE("stack",      S_IRUSR, proc_pid_stack),
2574 #endif
2575 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS
2576 	ONE("schedstat",  S_IRUGO, proc_pid_schedstat),
2577 #endif
2578 #ifdef CONFIG_LATENCYTOP
2579 	REG("latency",  S_IRUGO, proc_lstats_operations),
2580 #endif
2581 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_PID_CPUSET
2582 	REG("cpuset",     S_IRUGO, proc_cpuset_operations),
2583 #endif
2584 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUPS
2585 	REG("cgroup",  S_IRUGO, proc_cgroup_operations),
2586 #endif
2587 	ONE("oom_score",  S_IRUGO, proc_oom_score),
2588 	REG("oom_adj",    S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_oom_adj_operations),
2589 	REG("oom_score_adj", S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_oom_score_adj_operations),
2590 #ifdef CONFIG_AUDITSYSCALL
2591 	REG("loginuid",   S_IWUSR|S_IRUGO, proc_loginuid_operations),
2592 	REG("sessionid",  S_IRUGO, proc_sessionid_operations),
2593 #endif
2594 #ifdef CONFIG_FAULT_INJECTION
2595 	REG("make-it-fail", S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_fault_inject_operations),
2596 #endif
2597 #ifdef CONFIG_ELF_CORE
2598 	REG("coredump_filter", S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_coredump_filter_operations),
2599 #endif
2600 #ifdef CONFIG_TASK_IO_ACCOUNTING
2601 	ONE("io",	S_IRUSR, proc_tgid_io_accounting),
2602 #endif
2603 #ifdef CONFIG_HARDWALL
2604 	ONE("hardwall",   S_IRUGO, proc_pid_hardwall),
2605 #endif
2606 #ifdef CONFIG_USER_NS
2607 	REG("uid_map",    S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_uid_map_operations),
2608 	REG("gid_map",    S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_gid_map_operations),
2609 	REG("projid_map", S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_projid_map_operations),
2610 #endif
2611 #ifdef CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE
2612 	REG("timers",	  S_IRUGO, proc_timers_operations),
2613 #endif
2614 };
2615 
2616 static int proc_tgid_base_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
2617 {
2618 	return proc_pident_readdir(file, ctx,
2619 				   tgid_base_stuff, ARRAY_SIZE(tgid_base_stuff));
2620 }
2621 
2622 static const struct file_operations proc_tgid_base_operations = {
2623 	.read		= generic_read_dir,
2624 	.iterate	= proc_tgid_base_readdir,
2625 	.llseek		= default_llseek,
2626 };
2627 
2628 static struct dentry *proc_tgid_base_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
2629 {
2630 	return proc_pident_lookup(dir, dentry,
2631 				  tgid_base_stuff, ARRAY_SIZE(tgid_base_stuff));
2632 }
2633 
2634 static const struct inode_operations proc_tgid_base_inode_operations = {
2635 	.lookup		= proc_tgid_base_lookup,
2636 	.getattr	= pid_getattr,
2637 	.setattr	= proc_setattr,
2638 	.permission	= proc_pid_permission,
2639 };
2640 
2641 static void proc_flush_task_mnt(struct vfsmount *mnt, pid_t pid, pid_t tgid)
2642 {
2643 	struct dentry *dentry, *leader, *dir;
2644 	char buf[PROC_NUMBUF];
2645 	struct qstr name;
2646 
2647 	name.name = buf;
2648 	name.len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", pid);
2649 	/* no ->d_hash() rejects on procfs */
2650 	dentry = d_hash_and_lookup(mnt->mnt_root, &name);
2651 	if (dentry) {
2652 		shrink_dcache_parent(dentry);
2653 		d_drop(dentry);
2654 		dput(dentry);
2655 	}
2656 
2657 	name.name = buf;
2658 	name.len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", tgid);
2659 	leader = d_hash_and_lookup(mnt->mnt_root, &name);
2660 	if (!leader)
2661 		goto out;
2662 
2663 	name.name = "task";
2664 	name.len = strlen(name.name);
2665 	dir = d_hash_and_lookup(leader, &name);
2666 	if (!dir)
2667 		goto out_put_leader;
2668 
2669 	name.name = buf;
2670 	name.len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", pid);
2671 	dentry = d_hash_and_lookup(dir, &name);
2672 	if (dentry) {
2673 		shrink_dcache_parent(dentry);
2674 		d_drop(dentry);
2675 		dput(dentry);
2676 	}
2677 
2678 	dput(dir);
2679 out_put_leader:
2680 	dput(leader);
2681 out:
2682 	return;
2683 }
2684 
2685 /**
2686  * proc_flush_task -  Remove dcache entries for @task from the /proc dcache.
2687  * @task: task that should be flushed.
2688  *
2689  * When flushing dentries from proc, one needs to flush them from global
2690  * proc (proc_mnt) and from all the namespaces' procs this task was seen
2691  * in. This call is supposed to do all of this job.
2692  *
2693  * Looks in the dcache for
2694  * /proc/@pid
2695  * /proc/@tgid/task/@pid
2696  * if either directory is present flushes it and all of it'ts children
2697  * from the dcache.
2698  *
2699  * It is safe and reasonable to cache /proc entries for a task until
2700  * that task exits.  After that they just clog up the dcache with
2701  * useless entries, possibly causing useful dcache entries to be
2702  * flushed instead.  This routine is proved to flush those useless
2703  * dcache entries at process exit time.
2704  *
2705  * NOTE: This routine is just an optimization so it does not guarantee
2706  *       that no dcache entries will exist at process exit time it
2707  *       just makes it very unlikely that any will persist.
2708  */
2709 
2710 void proc_flush_task(struct task_struct *task)
2711 {
2712 	int i;
2713 	struct pid *pid, *tgid;
2714 	struct upid *upid;
2715 
2716 	pid = task_pid(task);
2717 	tgid = task_tgid(task);
2718 
2719 	for (i = 0; i <= pid->level; i++) {
2720 		upid = &pid->numbers[i];
2721 		proc_flush_task_mnt(upid->ns->proc_mnt, upid->nr,
2722 					tgid->numbers[i].nr);
2723 	}
2724 }
2725 
2726 static int proc_pid_instantiate(struct inode *dir,
2727 				   struct dentry * dentry,
2728 				   struct task_struct *task, const void *ptr)
2729 {
2730 	struct inode *inode;
2731 
2732 	inode = proc_pid_make_inode(dir->i_sb, task);
2733 	if (!inode)
2734 		goto out;
2735 
2736 	inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR|S_IRUGO|S_IXUGO;
2737 	inode->i_op = &proc_tgid_base_inode_operations;
2738 	inode->i_fop = &proc_tgid_base_operations;
2739 	inode->i_flags|=S_IMMUTABLE;
2740 
2741 	set_nlink(inode, 2 + pid_entry_count_dirs(tgid_base_stuff,
2742 						  ARRAY_SIZE(tgid_base_stuff)));
2743 
2744 	d_set_d_op(dentry, &pid_dentry_operations);
2745 
2746 	d_add(dentry, inode);
2747 	/* Close the race of the process dying before we return the dentry */
2748 	if (pid_revalidate(dentry, 0))
2749 		return 0;
2750 out:
2751 	return -ENOENT;
2752 }
2753 
2754 struct dentry *proc_pid_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry * dentry, unsigned int flags)
2755 {
2756 	int result = -ENOENT;
2757 	struct task_struct *task;
2758 	unsigned tgid;
2759 	struct pid_namespace *ns;
2760 
2761 	tgid = name_to_int(&dentry->d_name);
2762 	if (tgid == ~0U)
2763 		goto out;
2764 
2765 	ns = dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
2766 	rcu_read_lock();
2767 	task = find_task_by_pid_ns(tgid, ns);
2768 	if (task)
2769 		get_task_struct(task);
2770 	rcu_read_unlock();
2771 	if (!task)
2772 		goto out;
2773 
2774 	result = proc_pid_instantiate(dir, dentry, task, NULL);
2775 	put_task_struct(task);
2776 out:
2777 	return ERR_PTR(result);
2778 }
2779 
2780 /*
2781  * Find the first task with tgid >= tgid
2782  *
2783  */
2784 struct tgid_iter {
2785 	unsigned int tgid;
2786 	struct task_struct *task;
2787 };
2788 static struct tgid_iter next_tgid(struct pid_namespace *ns, struct tgid_iter iter)
2789 {
2790 	struct pid *pid;
2791 
2792 	if (iter.task)
2793 		put_task_struct(iter.task);
2794 	rcu_read_lock();
2795 retry:
2796 	iter.task = NULL;
2797 	pid = find_ge_pid(iter.tgid, ns);
2798 	if (pid) {
2799 		iter.tgid = pid_nr_ns(pid, ns);
2800 		iter.task = pid_task(pid, PIDTYPE_PID);
2801 		/* What we to know is if the pid we have find is the
2802 		 * pid of a thread_group_leader.  Testing for task
2803 		 * being a thread_group_leader is the obvious thing
2804 		 * todo but there is a window when it fails, due to
2805 		 * the pid transfer logic in de_thread.
2806 		 *
2807 		 * So we perform the straight forward test of seeing
2808 		 * if the pid we have found is the pid of a thread
2809 		 * group leader, and don't worry if the task we have
2810 		 * found doesn't happen to be a thread group leader.
2811 		 * As we don't care in the case of readdir.
2812 		 */
2813 		if (!iter.task || !has_group_leader_pid(iter.task)) {
2814 			iter.tgid += 1;
2815 			goto retry;
2816 		}
2817 		get_task_struct(iter.task);
2818 	}
2819 	rcu_read_unlock();
2820 	return iter;
2821 }
2822 
2823 #define TGID_OFFSET (FIRST_PROCESS_ENTRY + 2)
2824 
2825 /* for the /proc/ directory itself, after non-process stuff has been done */
2826 int proc_pid_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
2827 {
2828 	struct tgid_iter iter;
2829 	struct pid_namespace *ns = file->f_dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
2830 	loff_t pos = ctx->pos;
2831 
2832 	if (pos >= PID_MAX_LIMIT + TGID_OFFSET)
2833 		return 0;
2834 
2835 	if (pos == TGID_OFFSET - 2) {
2836 		struct inode *inode = ns->proc_self->d_inode;
2837 		if (!dir_emit(ctx, "self", 4, inode->i_ino, DT_LNK))
2838 			return 0;
2839 		ctx->pos = pos = pos + 1;
2840 	}
2841 	if (pos == TGID_OFFSET - 1) {
2842 		struct inode *inode = ns->proc_thread_self->d_inode;
2843 		if (!dir_emit(ctx, "thread-self", 11, inode->i_ino, DT_LNK))
2844 			return 0;
2845 		ctx->pos = pos = pos + 1;
2846 	}
2847 	iter.tgid = pos - TGID_OFFSET;
2848 	iter.task = NULL;
2849 	for (iter = next_tgid(ns, iter);
2850 	     iter.task;
2851 	     iter.tgid += 1, iter = next_tgid(ns, iter)) {
2852 		char name[PROC_NUMBUF];
2853 		int len;
2854 		if (!has_pid_permissions(ns, iter.task, 2))
2855 			continue;
2856 
2857 		len = snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%d", iter.tgid);
2858 		ctx->pos = iter.tgid + TGID_OFFSET;
2859 		if (!proc_fill_cache(file, ctx, name, len,
2860 				     proc_pid_instantiate, iter.task, NULL)) {
2861 			put_task_struct(iter.task);
2862 			return 0;
2863 		}
2864 	}
2865 	ctx->pos = PID_MAX_LIMIT + TGID_OFFSET;
2866 	return 0;
2867 }
2868 
2869 /*
2870  * Tasks
2871  */
2872 static const struct pid_entry tid_base_stuff[] = {
2873 	DIR("fd",        S_IRUSR|S_IXUSR, proc_fd_inode_operations, proc_fd_operations),
2874 	DIR("fdinfo",    S_IRUSR|S_IXUSR, proc_fdinfo_inode_operations, proc_fdinfo_operations),
2875 	DIR("ns",	 S_IRUSR|S_IXUGO, proc_ns_dir_inode_operations, proc_ns_dir_operations),
2876 #ifdef CONFIG_NET
2877 	DIR("net",        S_IRUGO|S_IXUGO, proc_net_inode_operations, proc_net_operations),
2878 #endif
2879 	REG("environ",   S_IRUSR, proc_environ_operations),
2880 	ONE("auxv",      S_IRUSR, proc_pid_auxv),
2881 	ONE("status",    S_IRUGO, proc_pid_status),
2882 	ONE("personality", S_IRUSR, proc_pid_personality),
2883 	ONE("limits",	 S_IRUGO, proc_pid_limits),
2884 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG
2885 	REG("sched",     S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_pid_sched_operations),
2886 #endif
2887 	REG("comm",      S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_pid_set_comm_operations),
2888 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK
2889 	ONE("syscall",   S_IRUSR, proc_pid_syscall),
2890 #endif
2891 	ONE("cmdline",   S_IRUGO, proc_pid_cmdline),
2892 	ONE("stat",      S_IRUGO, proc_tid_stat),
2893 	ONE("statm",     S_IRUGO, proc_pid_statm),
2894 	REG("maps",      S_IRUGO, proc_tid_maps_operations),
2895 #ifdef CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE
2896 	REG("children",  S_IRUGO, proc_tid_children_operations),
2897 #endif
2898 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
2899 	REG("numa_maps", S_IRUGO, proc_tid_numa_maps_operations),
2900 #endif
2901 	REG("mem",       S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR, proc_mem_operations),
2902 	LNK("cwd",       proc_cwd_link),
2903 	LNK("root",      proc_root_link),
2904 	LNK("exe",       proc_exe_link),
2905 	REG("mounts",    S_IRUGO, proc_mounts_operations),
2906 	REG("mountinfo",  S_IRUGO, proc_mountinfo_operations),
2907 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_PAGE_MONITOR
2908 	REG("clear_refs", S_IWUSR, proc_clear_refs_operations),
2909 	REG("smaps",     S_IRUGO, proc_tid_smaps_operations),
2910 	REG("pagemap",    S_IRUSR, proc_pagemap_operations),
2911 #endif
2912 #ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
2913 	DIR("attr",      S_IRUGO|S_IXUGO, proc_attr_dir_inode_operations, proc_attr_dir_operations),
2914 #endif
2915 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
2916 	ONE("wchan",     S_IRUGO, proc_pid_wchan),
2917 #endif
2918 #ifdef CONFIG_STACKTRACE
2919 	ONE("stack",      S_IRUSR, proc_pid_stack),
2920 #endif
2921 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS
2922 	ONE("schedstat", S_IRUGO, proc_pid_schedstat),
2923 #endif
2924 #ifdef CONFIG_LATENCYTOP
2925 	REG("latency",  S_IRUGO, proc_lstats_operations),
2926 #endif
2927 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_PID_CPUSET
2928 	REG("cpuset",    S_IRUGO, proc_cpuset_operations),
2929 #endif
2930 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUPS
2931 	REG("cgroup",  S_IRUGO, proc_cgroup_operations),
2932 #endif
2933 	ONE("oom_score", S_IRUGO, proc_oom_score),
2934 	REG("oom_adj",   S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_oom_adj_operations),
2935 	REG("oom_score_adj", S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_oom_score_adj_operations),
2936 #ifdef CONFIG_AUDITSYSCALL
2937 	REG("loginuid",  S_IWUSR|S_IRUGO, proc_loginuid_operations),
2938 	REG("sessionid",  S_IRUGO, proc_sessionid_operations),
2939 #endif
2940 #ifdef CONFIG_FAULT_INJECTION
2941 	REG("make-it-fail", S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_fault_inject_operations),
2942 #endif
2943 #ifdef CONFIG_TASK_IO_ACCOUNTING
2944 	ONE("io",	S_IRUSR, proc_tid_io_accounting),
2945 #endif
2946 #ifdef CONFIG_HARDWALL
2947 	ONE("hardwall",   S_IRUGO, proc_pid_hardwall),
2948 #endif
2949 #ifdef CONFIG_USER_NS
2950 	REG("uid_map",    S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_uid_map_operations),
2951 	REG("gid_map",    S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_gid_map_operations),
2952 	REG("projid_map", S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR, proc_projid_map_operations),
2953 #endif
2954 };
2955 
2956 static int proc_tid_base_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
2957 {
2958 	return proc_pident_readdir(file, ctx,
2959 				   tid_base_stuff, ARRAY_SIZE(tid_base_stuff));
2960 }
2961 
2962 static struct dentry *proc_tid_base_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
2963 {
2964 	return proc_pident_lookup(dir, dentry,
2965 				  tid_base_stuff, ARRAY_SIZE(tid_base_stuff));
2966 }
2967 
2968 static const struct file_operations proc_tid_base_operations = {
2969 	.read		= generic_read_dir,
2970 	.iterate	= proc_tid_base_readdir,
2971 	.llseek		= default_llseek,
2972 };
2973 
2974 static const struct inode_operations proc_tid_base_inode_operations = {
2975 	.lookup		= proc_tid_base_lookup,
2976 	.getattr	= pid_getattr,
2977 	.setattr	= proc_setattr,
2978 };
2979 
2980 static int proc_task_instantiate(struct inode *dir,
2981 	struct dentry *dentry, struct task_struct *task, const void *ptr)
2982 {
2983 	struct inode *inode;
2984 	inode = proc_pid_make_inode(dir->i_sb, task);
2985 
2986 	if (!inode)
2987 		goto out;
2988 	inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR|S_IRUGO|S_IXUGO;
2989 	inode->i_op = &proc_tid_base_inode_operations;
2990 	inode->i_fop = &proc_tid_base_operations;
2991 	inode->i_flags|=S_IMMUTABLE;
2992 
2993 	set_nlink(inode, 2 + pid_entry_count_dirs(tid_base_stuff,
2994 						  ARRAY_SIZE(tid_base_stuff)));
2995 
2996 	d_set_d_op(dentry, &pid_dentry_operations);
2997 
2998 	d_add(dentry, inode);
2999 	/* Close the race of the process dying before we return the dentry */
3000 	if (pid_revalidate(dentry, 0))
3001 		return 0;
3002 out:
3003 	return -ENOENT;
3004 }
3005 
3006 static struct dentry *proc_task_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry * dentry, unsigned int flags)
3007 {
3008 	int result = -ENOENT;
3009 	struct task_struct *task;
3010 	struct task_struct *leader = get_proc_task(dir);
3011 	unsigned tid;
3012 	struct pid_namespace *ns;
3013 
3014 	if (!leader)
3015 		goto out_no_task;
3016 
3017 	tid = name_to_int(&dentry->d_name);
3018 	if (tid == ~0U)
3019 		goto out;
3020 
3021 	ns = dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
3022 	rcu_read_lock();
3023 	task = find_task_by_pid_ns(tid, ns);
3024 	if (task)
3025 		get_task_struct(task);
3026 	rcu_read_unlock();
3027 	if (!task)
3028 		goto out;
3029 	if (!same_thread_group(leader, task))
3030 		goto out_drop_task;
3031 
3032 	result = proc_task_instantiate(dir, dentry, task, NULL);
3033 out_drop_task:
3034 	put_task_struct(task);
3035 out:
3036 	put_task_struct(leader);
3037 out_no_task:
3038 	return ERR_PTR(result);
3039 }
3040 
3041 /*
3042  * Find the first tid of a thread group to return to user space.
3043  *
3044  * Usually this is just the thread group leader, but if the users
3045  * buffer was too small or there was a seek into the middle of the
3046  * directory we have more work todo.
3047  *
3048  * In the case of a short read we start with find_task_by_pid.
3049  *
3050  * In the case of a seek we start with the leader and walk nr
3051  * threads past it.
3052  */
3053 static struct task_struct *first_tid(struct pid *pid, int tid, loff_t f_pos,
3054 					struct pid_namespace *ns)
3055 {
3056 	struct task_struct *pos, *task;
3057 	unsigned long nr = f_pos;
3058 
3059 	if (nr != f_pos)	/* 32bit overflow? */
3060 		return NULL;
3061 
3062 	rcu_read_lock();
3063 	task = pid_task(pid, PIDTYPE_PID);
3064 	if (!task)
3065 		goto fail;
3066 
3067 	/* Attempt to start with the tid of a thread */
3068 	if (tid && nr) {
3069 		pos = find_task_by_pid_ns(tid, ns);
3070 		if (pos && same_thread_group(pos, task))
3071 			goto found;
3072 	}
3073 
3074 	/* If nr exceeds the number of threads there is nothing todo */
3075 	if (nr >= get_nr_threads(task))
3076 		goto fail;
3077 
3078 	/* If we haven't found our starting place yet start
3079 	 * with the leader and walk nr threads forward.
3080 	 */
3081 	pos = task = task->group_leader;
3082 	do {
3083 		if (!nr--)
3084 			goto found;
3085 	} while_each_thread(task, pos);
3086 fail:
3087 	pos = NULL;
3088 	goto out;
3089 found:
3090 	get_task_struct(pos);
3091 out:
3092 	rcu_read_unlock();
3093 	return pos;
3094 }
3095 
3096 /*
3097  * Find the next thread in the thread list.
3098  * Return NULL if there is an error or no next thread.
3099  *
3100  * The reference to the input task_struct is released.
3101  */
3102 static struct task_struct *next_tid(struct task_struct *start)
3103 {
3104 	struct task_struct *pos = NULL;
3105 	rcu_read_lock();
3106 	if (pid_alive(start)) {
3107 		pos = next_thread(start);
3108 		if (thread_group_leader(pos))
3109 			pos = NULL;
3110 		else
3111 			get_task_struct(pos);
3112 	}
3113 	rcu_read_unlock();
3114 	put_task_struct(start);
3115 	return pos;
3116 }
3117 
3118 /* for the /proc/TGID/task/ directories */
3119 static int proc_task_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
3120 {
3121 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
3122 	struct task_struct *task;
3123 	struct pid_namespace *ns;
3124 	int tid;
3125 
3126 	if (proc_inode_is_dead(inode))
3127 		return -ENOENT;
3128 
3129 	if (!dir_emit_dots(file, ctx))
3130 		return 0;
3131 
3132 	/* f_version caches the tgid value that the last readdir call couldn't
3133 	 * return. lseek aka telldir automagically resets f_version to 0.
3134 	 */
3135 	ns = file->f_dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
3136 	tid = (int)file->f_version;
3137 	file->f_version = 0;
3138 	for (task = first_tid(proc_pid(inode), tid, ctx->pos - 2, ns);
3139 	     task;
3140 	     task = next_tid(task), ctx->pos++) {
3141 		char name[PROC_NUMBUF];
3142 		int len;
3143 		tid = task_pid_nr_ns(task, ns);
3144 		len = snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%d", tid);
3145 		if (!proc_fill_cache(file, ctx, name, len,
3146 				proc_task_instantiate, task, NULL)) {
3147 			/* returning this tgid failed, save it as the first
3148 			 * pid for the next readir call */
3149 			file->f_version = (u64)tid;
3150 			put_task_struct(task);
3151 			break;
3152 		}
3153 	}
3154 
3155 	return 0;
3156 }
3157 
3158 static int proc_task_getattr(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry, struct kstat *stat)
3159 {
3160 	struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
3161 	struct task_struct *p = get_proc_task(inode);
3162 	generic_fillattr(inode, stat);
3163 
3164 	if (p) {
3165 		stat->nlink += get_nr_threads(p);
3166 		put_task_struct(p);
3167 	}
3168 
3169 	return 0;
3170 }
3171 
3172 static const struct inode_operations proc_task_inode_operations = {
3173 	.lookup		= proc_task_lookup,
3174 	.getattr	= proc_task_getattr,
3175 	.setattr	= proc_setattr,
3176 	.permission	= proc_pid_permission,
3177 };
3178 
3179 static const struct file_operations proc_task_operations = {
3180 	.read		= generic_read_dir,
3181 	.iterate	= proc_task_readdir,
3182 	.llseek		= default_llseek,
3183 };
3184