xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/usbdump/usbdump.c (revision d37eb51047221dc3322b34db1038ff3aa533883f)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2010 Weongyo Jeong <weongyo@freebsd.org>
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer,
12  *    without modification.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce at minimum a disclaimer
14  *    similar to the "NO WARRANTY" disclaimer below ("Disclaimer") and any
15  *    redistribution must be conditioned upon including a substantially
16  *    similar Disclaimer requirement for further binary redistribution.
17  *
18  * NO WARRANTY
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
21  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF NONINFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTIBILITY
22  * AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL
23  * THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY,
24  * OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER
27  * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
29  * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/param.h>
33 #include <sys/endian.h>
34 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
35 #include <sys/socket.h>
36 #include <sys/stat.h>
37 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
38 #include <sys/utsname.h>
39 #include <sys/queue.h>
40 #include <net/if.h>
41 #include <net/bpf.h>
42 #include <dev/usb/usb.h>
43 #include <dev/usb/usb_pf.h>
44 #include <dev/usb/usbdi.h>
45 #include <errno.h>
46 #include <fcntl.h>
47 #include <limits.h>
48 #include <stdio.h>
49 #include <stdlib.h>
50 #include <stdint.h>
51 #include <string.h>
52 #include <time.h>
53 #include <unistd.h>
54 #include <sysexits.h>
55 #include <err.h>
56 
57 #define	BPF_STORE_JUMP(x,_c,_k,_jt,_jf) do {	\
58   (x).code = (_c);				\
59   (x).k = (_k);					\
60   (x).jt = (_jt);				\
61   (x).jf = (_jf);				\
62 } while (0)
63 
64 #define	BPF_STORE_STMT(x,_c,_k) do {		\
65   (x).code = (_c);				\
66   (x).k = (_k);					\
67   (x).jt = 0;					\
68   (x).jf = 0;					\
69 } while (0)
70 
71 struct usb_filt {
72 	STAILQ_ENTRY(usb_filt) entry;
73 	int unit;
74 	int endpoint;
75 };
76 
77 struct usbcap {
78 	int		fd;		/* fd for /dev/usbpf */
79 	uint32_t	bufsize;
80 	uint8_t		*buffer;
81 
82 	/* for -w option */
83 	int		wfd;
84 	/* for -r option */
85 	int		rfd;
86 	/* for -b option */
87 	int		bfd;
88 };
89 
90 struct usbcap_filehdr {
91 	uint32_t	magic;
92 #define	USBCAP_FILEHDR_MAGIC	0x9a90000e
93 	uint8_t   	major;
94 	uint8_t		minor;
95 	uint8_t		reserved[26];
96 } __packed;
97 
98 struct header_32 {
99 	/* capture timestamp */
100 	uint32_t ts_sec;
101 	uint32_t ts_usec;
102 	/* data length and alignment information */
103 	uint32_t caplen;
104 	uint32_t datalen;
105 	uint8_t hdrlen;
106 	uint8_t align;
107 } __packed;
108 
109 static int doexit;
110 static int pkt_captured;
111 static int verbose;
112 static int uf_minor;
113 static char *i_arg;
114 static char *r_arg;
115 static char *w_arg;
116 static char *b_arg;
117 static struct usbcap uc;
118 static const char *errstr_table[USB_ERR_MAX] = {
119 	[USB_ERR_NORMAL_COMPLETION]	= "0",
120 	[USB_ERR_PENDING_REQUESTS]	= "PENDING_REQUESTS",
121 	[USB_ERR_NOT_STARTED]		= "NOT_STARTED",
122 	[USB_ERR_INVAL]			= "INVAL",
123 	[USB_ERR_NOMEM]			= "NOMEM",
124 	[USB_ERR_CANCELLED]		= "CANCELLED",
125 	[USB_ERR_BAD_ADDRESS]		= "BAD_ADDRESS",
126 	[USB_ERR_BAD_BUFSIZE]		= "BAD_BUFSIZE",
127 	[USB_ERR_BAD_FLAG]		= "BAD_FLAG",
128 	[USB_ERR_NO_CALLBACK]		= "NO_CALLBACK",
129 	[USB_ERR_IN_USE]		= "IN_USE",
130 	[USB_ERR_NO_ADDR]		= "NO_ADDR",
131 	[USB_ERR_NO_PIPE]		= "NO_PIPE",
132 	[USB_ERR_ZERO_NFRAMES]		= "ZERO_NFRAMES",
133 	[USB_ERR_ZERO_MAXP]		= "ZERO_MAXP",
134 	[USB_ERR_SET_ADDR_FAILED]	= "SET_ADDR_FAILED",
135 	[USB_ERR_NO_POWER]		= "NO_POWER",
136 	[USB_ERR_TOO_DEEP]		= "TOO_DEEP",
137 	[USB_ERR_IOERROR]		= "IOERROR",
138 	[USB_ERR_NOT_CONFIGURED]	= "NOT_CONFIGURED",
139 	[USB_ERR_TIMEOUT]		= "TIMEOUT",
140 	[USB_ERR_SHORT_XFER]		= "SHORT_XFER",
141 	[USB_ERR_STALLED]		= "STALLED",
142 	[USB_ERR_INTERRUPTED]		= "INTERRUPTED",
143 	[USB_ERR_DMA_LOAD_FAILED]	= "DMA_LOAD_FAILED",
144 	[USB_ERR_BAD_CONTEXT]		= "BAD_CONTEXT",
145 	[USB_ERR_NO_ROOT_HUB]		= "NO_ROOT_HUB",
146 	[USB_ERR_NO_INTR_THREAD]	= "NO_INTR_THREAD",
147 	[USB_ERR_NOT_LOCKED]		= "NOT_LOCKED",
148 };
149 
150 #define	USB_XFERTYPE_MAX 4
151 
152 static const char *xfertype_table[USB_XFERTYPE_MAX] = {
153 	[UE_CONTROL]			= "CTRL",
154 	[UE_ISOCHRONOUS]		= "ISOC",
155 	[UE_BULK]			= "BULK",
156 	[UE_INTERRUPT]			= "INTR"
157 };
158 
159 static const char *speed_table[USB_SPEED_MAX] = {
160 	[USB_SPEED_FULL] = "FULL",
161 	[USB_SPEED_HIGH] = "HIGH",
162 	[USB_SPEED_LOW] = "LOW",
163 	[USB_SPEED_VARIABLE] = "VARI",
164 	[USB_SPEED_SUPER] = "SUPER",
165 };
166 
167 static STAILQ_HEAD(,usb_filt) usb_filt_head =
168     STAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(usb_filt_head);
169 
170 static void
171 add_filter(int usb_filt_unit, int usb_filt_ep)
172 {
173 	struct usb_filt *puf;
174 
175 	puf = malloc(sizeof(struct usb_filt));
176 	if (puf == NULL)
177 		errx(EX_SOFTWARE, "Out of memory.");
178 
179 	puf->unit = usb_filt_unit;
180 	puf->endpoint = usb_filt_ep;
181 
182 	STAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&usb_filt_head, puf, entry);
183 }
184 
185 static void
186 make_filter(struct bpf_program *pprog, int snapshot)
187 {
188 	struct usb_filt *puf;
189 	struct bpf_insn *dynamic_insn;
190 	int len;
191 
192 	len = 0;
193 
194 	STAILQ_FOREACH(puf, &usb_filt_head, entry)
195 		len++;
196 
197 	dynamic_insn = malloc(((len * 5) + 1) * sizeof(struct bpf_insn));
198 
199 	if (dynamic_insn == NULL)
200 		errx(EX_SOFTWARE, "Out of memory.");
201 
202 	len++;
203 
204 	if (len == 1) {
205 		/* accept all packets */
206 
207 		BPF_STORE_STMT(dynamic_insn[0], BPF_RET | BPF_K, snapshot);
208 
209 		goto done;
210 	}
211 
212 	len = 0;
213 
214 	STAILQ_FOREACH(puf, &usb_filt_head, entry) {
215 		const int addr_off = (uintptr_t)&((struct usbpf_pkthdr *)0)->up_address;
216 		const int addr_ep = (uintptr_t)&((struct usbpf_pkthdr *)0)->up_endpoint;
217 
218 		if (puf->unit != -1) {
219 			if (puf->endpoint != -1) {
220 				BPF_STORE_STMT(dynamic_insn[len],
221 				    BPF_LD | BPF_B | BPF_ABS, addr_off);
222 				len++;
223 				BPF_STORE_JUMP(dynamic_insn[len],
224 				    BPF_JMP | BPF_JEQ | BPF_K, (uint8_t)puf->unit, 0, 3);
225 				len++;
226 				BPF_STORE_STMT(dynamic_insn[len],
227 				    BPF_LD | BPF_W | BPF_ABS, addr_ep);
228 				len++;
229 				BPF_STORE_JUMP(dynamic_insn[len],
230 				    BPF_JMP | BPF_JEQ | BPF_K, htobe32(puf->endpoint), 0, 1);
231 				len++;
232 			} else {
233 				BPF_STORE_STMT(dynamic_insn[len],
234 				    BPF_LD | BPF_B | BPF_ABS, addr_off);
235 				len++;
236 				BPF_STORE_JUMP(dynamic_insn[len],
237 				    BPF_JMP | BPF_JEQ | BPF_K, (uint8_t)puf->unit, 0, 1);
238 				len++;
239 			}
240 		} else {
241 			if (puf->endpoint != -1) {
242 				BPF_STORE_STMT(dynamic_insn[len],
243 				    BPF_LD | BPF_W | BPF_ABS, addr_ep);
244 				len++;
245 				BPF_STORE_JUMP(dynamic_insn[len],
246 				    BPF_JMP | BPF_JEQ | BPF_K, htobe32(puf->endpoint), 0, 1);
247 				len++;
248 			}
249 		}
250 		BPF_STORE_STMT(dynamic_insn[len],
251 		    BPF_RET | BPF_K, snapshot);
252 		len++;
253 	}
254 
255 	BPF_STORE_STMT(dynamic_insn[len], BPF_RET | BPF_K, 0);
256 	len++;
257 
258 done:
259 	pprog->bf_len = len;
260 	pprog->bf_insns = dynamic_insn;
261 }
262 
263 static int
264 match_filter(int unit, int endpoint)
265 {
266 	struct usb_filt *puf;
267 
268 	if (STAILQ_FIRST(&usb_filt_head) == NULL)
269 		return (1);
270 
271 	STAILQ_FOREACH(puf, &usb_filt_head, entry) {
272 		if ((puf->unit == -1 || puf->unit == unit) &&
273 		    (puf->endpoint == -1 || puf->endpoint == endpoint))
274 			return (1);
275 	}
276 	return (0);
277 }
278 
279 static void
280 free_filter(struct bpf_program *pprog)
281 {
282 	struct usb_filt *puf;
283 
284 	while ((puf = STAILQ_FIRST(&usb_filt_head)) != NULL) {
285 		STAILQ_REMOVE_HEAD(&usb_filt_head, entry);
286 		free(puf);
287 	}
288 	free(pprog->bf_insns);
289 }
290 
291 static void
292 handle_sigint(int sig)
293 {
294 
295 	(void)sig;
296 	doexit = 1;
297 }
298 
299 #define	FLAGS(x, name)	\
300 	(((x) & USBPF_FLAG_##name) ? #name "|" : "")
301 
302 #define	STATUS(x, name) \
303 	(((x) & USBPF_STATUS_##name) ? #name "|" : "")
304 
305 static const char *
306 usb_errstr(uint32_t error)
307 {
308 	if (error >= USB_ERR_MAX || errstr_table[error] == NULL)
309 		return ("UNKNOWN");
310 	else
311 		return (errstr_table[error]);
312 }
313 
314 static const char *
315 usb_speedstr(uint8_t speed)
316 {
317 	if (speed >= USB_SPEED_MAX  || speed_table[speed] == NULL)
318 		return ("UNKNOWN");
319 	else
320 		return (speed_table[speed]);
321 }
322 
323 static const char *
324 usb_xferstr(uint8_t type)
325 {
326 	if (type >= USB_XFERTYPE_MAX  || xfertype_table[type] == NULL)
327 		return ("UNKN");
328 	else
329 		return (xfertype_table[type]);
330 }
331 
332 static void
333 print_flags(uint32_t flags)
334 {
335 	printf(" flags %#x <%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s0>\n",
336 	    flags,
337 	    FLAGS(flags, FORCE_SHORT_XFER),
338 	    FLAGS(flags, SHORT_XFER_OK),
339 	    FLAGS(flags, SHORT_FRAMES_OK),
340 	    FLAGS(flags, PIPE_BOF),
341 	    FLAGS(flags, PROXY_BUFFER),
342 	    FLAGS(flags, EXT_BUFFER),
343 	    FLAGS(flags, MANUAL_STATUS),
344 	    FLAGS(flags, NO_PIPE_OK),
345 	    FLAGS(flags, STALL_PIPE));
346 }
347 
348 static void
349 print_status(uint32_t status)
350 {
351 	printf(" status %#x <%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s0>\n",
352 	    status,
353 	    STATUS(status, OPEN),
354 	    STATUS(status, TRANSFERRING),
355 	    STATUS(status, DID_DMA_DELAY),
356 	    STATUS(status, DID_CLOSE),
357 	    STATUS(status, DRAINING),
358 	    STATUS(status, STARTED),
359 	    STATUS(status, BW_RECLAIMED),
360 	    STATUS(status, CONTROL_XFR),
361 	    STATUS(status, CONTROL_HDR),
362 	    STATUS(status, CONTROL_ACT),
363 	    STATUS(status, CONTROL_STALL),
364 	    STATUS(status, SHORT_FRAMES_OK),
365 	    STATUS(status, SHORT_XFER_OK),
366 	    STATUS(status, BDMA_ENABLE),
367 	    STATUS(status, BDMA_NO_POST_SYNC),
368 	    STATUS(status, BDMA_SETUP),
369 	    STATUS(status, ISOCHRONOUS_XFR),
370 	    STATUS(status, CURR_DMA_SET),
371 	    STATUS(status, CAN_CANCEL_IMMED),
372 	    STATUS(status, DOING_CALLBACK));
373 }
374 
375 /*
376  * Dump a byte into hex format.
377  */
378 static void
379 hexbyte(char *buf, uint8_t temp)
380 {
381 	uint8_t lo;
382 	uint8_t hi;
383 
384 	lo = temp & 0xF;
385 	hi = temp >> 4;
386 
387 	if (hi < 10)
388 		buf[0] = '0' + hi;
389 	else
390 		buf[0] = 'A' + hi - 10;
391 
392 	if (lo < 10)
393 		buf[1] = '0' + lo;
394 	else
395 		buf[1] = 'A' + lo - 10;
396 }
397 
398 /*
399  * Display a region in traditional hexdump format.
400  */
401 static void
402 hexdump(const uint8_t *region, uint32_t len)
403 {
404 	const uint8_t *line;
405 	char linebuf[128];
406 	int i;
407 	int x;
408 	int c;
409 
410 	for (line = region; line < (region + len); line += 16) {
411 
412 		i = 0;
413 
414 		linebuf[i] = ' ';
415 		hexbyte(linebuf + i + 1, ((line - region) >> 8) & 0xFF);
416 		hexbyte(linebuf + i + 3, (line - region) & 0xFF);
417 		linebuf[i + 5] = ' ';
418 		linebuf[i + 6] = ' ';
419 		i += 7;
420 
421 		for (x = 0; x < 16; x++) {
422 		  if ((line + x) < (region + len)) {
423 			hexbyte(linebuf + i,
424 			    *(const u_int8_t *)(line + x));
425 		  } else {
426 			  linebuf[i] = '-';
427 			  linebuf[i + 1] = '-';
428 			}
429 			linebuf[i + 2] = ' ';
430 			if (x == 7) {
431 			  linebuf[i + 3] = ' ';
432 			  i += 4;
433 			} else {
434 			  i += 3;
435 			}
436 		}
437 		linebuf[i] = ' ';
438 		linebuf[i + 1] = '|';
439 		i += 2;
440 		for (x = 0; x < 16; x++) {
441 			if ((line + x) < (region + len)) {
442 				c = *(const u_int8_t *)(line + x);
443 				/* !isprint(c) */
444 				if ((c < ' ') || (c > '~'))
445 					c = '.';
446 				linebuf[i] = c;
447 			} else {
448 				linebuf[i] = ' ';
449 			}
450 			i++;
451 		}
452 		linebuf[i] = '|';
453 		linebuf[i + 1] = 0;
454 		i += 2;
455 		puts(linebuf);
456 	}
457 }
458 
459 static void
460 print_apacket(const struct header_32 *hdr, const uint8_t *ptr, int ptr_len)
461 {
462 	struct tm *tm;
463 	struct usbpf_pkthdr up_temp;
464 	struct usbpf_pkthdr *up;
465 	struct timeval tv;
466 	size_t len;
467 	uint32_t x;
468 	char buf[64];
469 
470 	ptr += USBPF_HDR_LEN;
471 	ptr_len -= USBPF_HDR_LEN;
472 	if (ptr_len < 0)
473 		return;
474 
475 	/* make sure we don't change the source buffer */
476 	memcpy(&up_temp, ptr - USBPF_HDR_LEN, sizeof(up_temp));
477 	up = &up_temp;
478 
479 	/*
480 	 * A packet from the kernel is based on little endian byte
481 	 * order.
482 	 */
483 	up->up_totlen = le32toh(up->up_totlen);
484 	up->up_busunit = le32toh(up->up_busunit);
485 	up->up_flags = le32toh(up->up_flags);
486 	up->up_status = le32toh(up->up_status);
487 	up->up_error = le32toh(up->up_error);
488 	up->up_interval = le32toh(up->up_interval);
489 	up->up_frames = le32toh(up->up_frames);
490 	up->up_packet_size = le32toh(up->up_packet_size);
491 	up->up_packet_count = le32toh(up->up_packet_count);
492 	up->up_endpoint = le32toh(up->up_endpoint);
493 
494 	if (!match_filter(up->up_address, up->up_endpoint))
495 		return;
496 
497 	tv.tv_sec = hdr->ts_sec;
498 	tv.tv_usec = hdr->ts_usec;
499 	tm = localtime(&tv.tv_sec);
500 
501 	len = strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%H:%M:%S", tm);
502 
503 	if (verbose >= 0) {
504 		printf("%.*s.%06ld usbus%d.%d %s-%s-EP=%08x,SPD=%s,NFR=%d,SLEN=%d,IVAL=%d%s%s\n",
505 		    (int)len, buf, tv.tv_usec,
506 		    (int)up->up_busunit, (int)up->up_address,
507 		    (up->up_type == USBPF_XFERTAP_SUBMIT) ? "SUBM" : "DONE",
508 		    usb_xferstr(up->up_xfertype),
509 		    (unsigned int)up->up_endpoint,
510 		    usb_speedstr(up->up_speed),
511 		    (int)up->up_frames,
512 		    (int)(up->up_totlen - USBPF_HDR_LEN -
513 		    (USBPF_FRAME_HDR_LEN * up->up_frames)),
514 		    (int)up->up_interval,
515 		    (up->up_type == USBPF_XFERTAP_DONE) ? ",ERR=" : "",
516 		    (up->up_type == USBPF_XFERTAP_DONE) ?
517 		    usb_errstr(up->up_error) : "");
518 	}
519 
520 	if (verbose >= 1 || b_arg != NULL) {
521 		for (x = 0; x != up->up_frames; x++) {
522 			const struct usbpf_framehdr *uf;
523 			uint32_t framelen;
524 			uint32_t flags;
525 
526 			uf = (const struct usbpf_framehdr *)ptr;
527 			ptr += USBPF_FRAME_HDR_LEN;
528 			ptr_len -= USBPF_FRAME_HDR_LEN;
529 			if (ptr_len < 0)
530 				return;
531 
532 			framelen = le32toh(uf->length);
533 			flags = le32toh(uf->flags);
534 
535 			if (verbose >= 1) {
536 				printf(" frame[%u] %s %d bytes\n",
537 				    (unsigned int)x,
538 				    (flags & USBPF_FRAMEFLAG_READ) ? "READ" : "WRITE",
539 				    (int)framelen);
540 			}
541 
542 			if (flags & USBPF_FRAMEFLAG_DATA_FOLLOWS) {
543 
544 				int tot_frame_len;
545 
546 				tot_frame_len = USBPF_FRAME_ALIGN(framelen);
547 
548 				ptr_len -= tot_frame_len;
549 
550 				if (tot_frame_len < 0 ||
551 				    (int)framelen < 0 || (int)ptr_len < 0)
552 					break;
553 
554 				if (b_arg != NULL) {
555 					struct usbcap *p = &uc;
556 					int ret;
557 					ret = write(p->bfd, ptr, framelen);
558 					if (ret != (int)framelen)
559 						err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not write binary data");
560 				}
561 				if (verbose >= 1)
562 					hexdump(ptr, framelen);
563 
564 				ptr += tot_frame_len;
565 			}
566 		}
567 	}
568 	if (verbose >= 2)
569 		print_flags(up->up_flags);
570 	if (verbose >= 3)
571 		print_status(up->up_status);
572 }
573 
574 static void
575 fix_packets(uint8_t *data, const int datalen)
576 {
577 	struct header_32 temp;
578 	uint8_t *ptr;
579 	uint8_t *next;
580 	uint32_t hdrlen;
581 	uint32_t caplen;
582 
583 	for (ptr = data; ptr < (data + datalen); ptr = next) {
584 
585 		const struct bpf_hdr *hdr;
586 
587 		hdr = (const struct bpf_hdr *)ptr;
588 
589 		temp.ts_sec = htole32(hdr->bh_tstamp.tv_sec);
590 		temp.ts_usec = htole32(hdr->bh_tstamp.tv_usec);
591 		temp.caplen = htole32(hdr->bh_caplen);
592 		temp.datalen = htole32(hdr->bh_datalen);
593 		temp.hdrlen = hdr->bh_hdrlen;
594 		temp.align = BPF_WORDALIGN(1);
595 
596 		hdrlen = hdr->bh_hdrlen;
597 		caplen = hdr->bh_caplen;
598 
599 		if ((hdrlen >= sizeof(temp)) && (hdrlen <= 255) &&
600 		    ((ptr + hdrlen) <= (data + datalen))) {
601 			memcpy(ptr, &temp, sizeof(temp));
602 			memset(ptr + sizeof(temp), 0, hdrlen - sizeof(temp));
603 		} else {
604 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid header length %d", hdrlen);
605 		}
606 
607 		next = ptr + BPF_WORDALIGN(hdrlen + caplen);
608 
609 		if (next <= ptr)
610 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid length");
611 	}
612 }
613 
614 static void
615 print_packets(uint8_t *data, const int datalen)
616 {
617 	struct header_32 temp;
618 	uint8_t *ptr;
619 	uint8_t *next;
620 
621 	for (ptr = data; ptr < (data + datalen); ptr = next) {
622 
623 		const struct header_32 *hdr32;
624 
625 		hdr32 = (const struct header_32 *)ptr;
626 
627 		temp.ts_sec = le32toh(hdr32->ts_sec);
628 		temp.ts_usec = le32toh(hdr32->ts_usec);
629 		temp.caplen = le32toh(hdr32->caplen);
630 		temp.datalen = le32toh(hdr32->datalen);
631 		temp.hdrlen = hdr32->hdrlen;
632 		temp.align = hdr32->align;
633 
634 		next = ptr + roundup2(temp.hdrlen + temp.caplen, temp.align);
635 
636 		if (next <= ptr)
637 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid length");
638 
639 		if (verbose >= 0 || r_arg != NULL || b_arg != NULL) {
640 			print_apacket(&temp, ptr +
641 			    temp.hdrlen, temp.caplen);
642 		}
643 		pkt_captured++;
644 	}
645 }
646 
647 static void
648 write_packets(struct usbcap *p, const uint8_t *data, const int datalen)
649 {
650 	int len = htole32(datalen);
651 	int ret;
652 
653 	ret = write(p->wfd, &len, sizeof(int));
654 	if (ret != sizeof(int)) {
655 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not write length "
656 		    "field of USB data payload");
657 	}
658 	ret = write(p->wfd, data, datalen);
659 	if (ret != datalen) {
660 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not write "
661 		    "complete USB data payload");
662 	}
663 }
664 
665 static void
666 read_file(struct usbcap *p)
667 {
668 	int datalen;
669 	int ret;
670 	uint8_t *data;
671 
672 	while ((ret = read(p->rfd, &datalen, sizeof(int))) == sizeof(int)) {
673 		datalen = le32toh(datalen);
674 		data = malloc(datalen);
675 		if (data == NULL)
676 			errx(EX_SOFTWARE, "Out of memory.");
677 		ret = read(p->rfd, data, datalen);
678 		if (ret != datalen) {
679 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not read complete "
680 			    "USB data payload");
681 		}
682 		if (uf_minor == 2)
683 			fix_packets(data, datalen);
684 
685 		print_packets(data, datalen);
686 		free(data);
687 	}
688 }
689 
690 static void
691 do_loop(struct usbcap *p)
692 {
693 	int cc;
694 
695 	while (doexit == 0) {
696 		cc = read(p->fd, (uint8_t *)p->buffer, p->bufsize);
697 		if (cc < 0) {
698 			switch (errno) {
699 			case EINTR:
700 				break;
701 			default:
702 				fprintf(stderr, "read: %s\n", strerror(errno));
703 				return;
704 			}
705 			continue;
706 		}
707 		if (cc == 0)
708 			continue;
709 
710 		fix_packets(p->buffer, cc);
711 
712 		if (w_arg != NULL)
713 			write_packets(p, p->buffer, cc);
714 		print_packets(p->buffer, cc);
715 	}
716 }
717 
718 static void
719 init_rfile(struct usbcap *p)
720 {
721 	struct usbcap_filehdr uf;
722 	int ret;
723 
724 	p->rfd = open(r_arg, O_RDONLY);
725 	if (p->rfd < 0) {
726 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not open "
727 		    "'%s' for read", r_arg);
728 	}
729 	ret = read(p->rfd, &uf, sizeof(uf));
730 	if (ret != sizeof(uf)) {
731 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not read USB capture "
732 		    "file header");
733 	}
734 	if (le32toh(uf.magic) != USBCAP_FILEHDR_MAGIC) {
735 		errx(EX_SOFTWARE, "Invalid magic field(0x%08x) "
736 		    "in USB capture file header.",
737 		    (unsigned int)le32toh(uf.magic));
738 	}
739 	if (uf.major != 0) {
740 		errx(EX_SOFTWARE, "Invalid major version(%d) "
741 		    "field in USB capture file header.", (int)uf.major);
742 	}
743 
744 	uf_minor = uf.minor;
745 
746 	if (uf.minor != 3 && uf.minor != 2) {
747 		errx(EX_SOFTWARE, "Invalid minor version(%d) "
748 		    "field in USB capture file header.", (int)uf.minor);
749 	}
750 }
751 
752 static void
753 init_wfile(struct usbcap *p)
754 {
755 	struct usbcap_filehdr uf;
756 	int ret;
757 
758 	p->wfd = open(w_arg, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
759 	if (p->wfd < 0) {
760 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not open "
761 		    "'%s' for write", w_arg);
762 	}
763 	memset(&uf, 0, sizeof(uf));
764 	uf.magic = htole32(USBCAP_FILEHDR_MAGIC);
765 	uf.major = 0;
766 	uf.minor = 3;
767 	ret = write(p->wfd, (const void *)&uf, sizeof(uf));
768 	if (ret != sizeof(uf)) {
769 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not write "
770 		    "USB capture header");
771 	}
772 }
773 
774 static void
775 usage(void)
776 {
777 
778 #define FMT "    %-14s %s\n"
779 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: usbdump [options]\n");
780 	fprintf(stderr, FMT, "-d [ugen]B", "Listen on bus, B");
781 	fprintf(stderr, FMT, "-d [ugen]B.D", "Listen on bus, B and device, D");
782 	fprintf(stderr, FMT, "-d [ugen]B.D.E", "Listen on bus, B, device, D, and endpoint E");
783 	fprintf(stderr, FMT, "-i <usbusX>", "Listen on this bus interface");
784 	fprintf(stderr, FMT, "-f <unit[.endpoint]>", "Specify a device and endpoint filter");
785 	fprintf(stderr, FMT, "-r <file>", "Read the raw packets from file");
786 	fprintf(stderr, FMT, "-s <snaplen>", "Snapshot bytes from each packet");
787 	fprintf(stderr, FMT, "-v", "Increase the verbose level");
788 	fprintf(stderr, FMT, "-b <file>", "Save raw version of all recorded data to file");
789 	fprintf(stderr, FMT, "-w <file>", "Write the raw packets to file");
790 	fprintf(stderr, FMT, "-h", "Display summary of command line options");
791 #undef FMT
792 	exit(EX_USAGE);
793 }
794 
795 static void
796 check_usb_pf_sysctl(void)
797 {
798 	int error;
799 	int no_pf_val = 0;
800 	size_t no_pf_len = sizeof(int);
801 
802 	/* check "hw.usb.no_pf" sysctl for 8- and 9- stable */
803 
804 	error = sysctlbyname("hw.usb.no_pf", &no_pf_val,
805 	    &no_pf_len, NULL, 0);
806 	if (error == 0 && no_pf_val != 0) {
807 		warnx("The USB packet filter might be disabled.");
808 		warnx("See the \"hw.usb.no_pf\" sysctl for more information.");
809 	}
810 }
811 
812 int
813 main(int argc, char *argv[])
814 {
815 	struct timeval tv;
816 	struct bpf_program total_prog;
817 	struct bpf_stat us;
818 	struct bpf_version bv;
819 	struct usbcap *p = &uc;
820 	struct ifreq ifr;
821 	long snapshot = 192;
822 	uint32_t v;
823 	int fd;
824 	int o;
825 	int filt_unit;
826 	int filt_ep;
827 	int s;
828 	int ifindex;
829 	const char *optstring;
830 	char *pp;
831 
832 	optstring = "b:d:hi:r:s:vw:f:";
833 	while ((o = getopt(argc, argv, optstring)) != -1) {
834 		switch (o) {
835 		case 'b':
836 			b_arg = optarg;
837 			break;
838 		case 'd':
839 			pp = optarg;
840 			if (pp[0] == 'u' && pp[1] == 'g' && pp[2] == 'e' && pp[3] == 'n')
841 				pp += 4;
842 			ifindex = strtol(pp, &pp, 10);
843 			/* Must be same bus when using -d option. */
844 			if (i_arg != NULL) {
845 				if (atoi(i_arg + 5) != ifindex)
846 					usage();
847 			} else {
848 				asprintf(&i_arg, "usbus%d", ifindex);
849 			}
850 			/* Parse unit and endpoint, if any. */
851 			if (pp != NULL) {
852 				if (*pp == '.') {
853 					filt_unit = strtol(pp + 1, &pp, 10);
854 					filt_ep = -1;
855 					if (pp != NULL) {
856 						if (*pp == '.') {
857 							filt_ep = strtol(pp + 1, &pp, 10);
858 							if (pp != NULL && *pp != 0)
859 								usage();
860 						} else if (*pp != 0) {
861 							usage();
862 						}
863 					}
864 					add_filter(filt_unit, filt_ep);
865 				} else if (*pp != 0) {
866 					usage();
867 				}
868 			}
869 			break;
870 		case 'f':
871 			filt_unit = strtol(optarg, &pp, 10);
872 			filt_ep = -1;
873 			if (pp != NULL) {
874 				if (*pp == '.') {
875 					filt_ep = strtol(pp + 1, &pp, 10);
876 					if (pp != NULL && *pp != 0)
877 						usage();
878 				} else if (*pp != 0) {
879 					usage();
880 				}
881 			}
882 			add_filter(filt_unit, filt_ep);
883 			break;
884 		case 'i':
885 			i_arg = optarg;
886 			break;
887 		case 'r':
888 			r_arg = optarg;
889 			init_rfile(p);
890 			break;
891 		case 's':
892 			snapshot = strtol(optarg, &pp, 10);
893 			errno = 0;
894 			if (pp != NULL && *pp != 0)
895 				usage();
896 			if (snapshot == 0 && errno == EINVAL)
897 				usage();
898 			/* snapeshot == 0 is special */
899 			if (snapshot == 0)
900 				snapshot = -1;
901 			break;
902 		case 'v':
903 			verbose++;
904 			break;
905 		case 'w':
906 			w_arg = optarg;
907 			init_wfile(p);
908 			break;
909 		default:
910 			usage();
911 			/* NOTREACHED */
912 		}
913 	}
914 
915 	if (i_arg == NULL)
916 		i_arg = "usbus0";
917 
918 	if (b_arg != NULL) {
919 		p->bfd = open(b_arg, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC |
920 		    O_WRONLY, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
921 		if (p->bfd < 0) {
922 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not open "
923 			    "'%s' for write", b_arg);
924 		}
925 	}
926 
927 	/*
928 	 * Require more verbosity to print anything when -w or -b is
929 	 * specified on the command line:
930 	 */
931 	if (w_arg != NULL || b_arg != NULL)
932 		verbose--;
933 
934 	if (r_arg != NULL) {
935 		read_file(p);
936 		exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
937 	}
938 
939 	check_usb_pf_sysctl();
940 
941 	p->fd = fd = open("/dev/bpf", O_RDONLY);
942 	if (p->fd < 0)
943 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not open BPF device");
944 
945 	if (ioctl(fd, BIOCVERSION, (caddr_t)&bv) < 0)
946 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "BIOCVERSION ioctl failed");
947 
948 	if (bv.bv_major != BPF_MAJOR_VERSION ||
949 	    bv.bv_minor < BPF_MINOR_VERSION)
950 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Kernel BPF filter out of date");
951 
952 	/* USB transfers can be greater than 64KByte */
953 	v = 1U << 16;
954 
955 	/* clear ifr structure */
956 	memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
957 
958 	/* Try to create usbusN interface if it is not available. */
959 	s = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
960 	if (s < 0)
961 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not open a socket");
962 	ifindex = if_nametoindex(i_arg);
963 	if (ifindex == 0) {
964 		(void)strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, i_arg, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
965 		if (ioctl(s, SIOCIFCREATE2, &ifr) < 0)
966 			errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Invalid bus interface: %s", i_arg);
967 	}
968 
969 	for ( ; v >= USBPF_HDR_LEN; v >>= 1) {
970 		(void)ioctl(fd, BIOCSBLEN, (caddr_t)&v);
971 		(void)strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, i_arg, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
972 		if (ioctl(fd, BIOCSETIF, (caddr_t)&ifr) >= 0)
973 			break;
974 	}
975 	if (v == 0)
976 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "No buffer size worked.");
977 
978 	if (ioctl(fd, BIOCGBLEN, (caddr_t)&v) < 0)
979 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "BIOCGBLEN ioctl failed");
980 
981 	p->bufsize = v;
982 	p->buffer = (uint8_t *)malloc(p->bufsize);
983 	if (p->buffer == NULL)
984 		errx(EX_SOFTWARE, "Out of memory.");
985 
986 	make_filter(&total_prog, snapshot);
987 
988 	if (ioctl(p->fd, BIOCSETF, (caddr_t)&total_prog) < 0)
989 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "BIOCSETF ioctl failed");
990 
991 	free_filter(&total_prog);
992 
993 	/* 1 second read timeout */
994 	tv.tv_sec = 1;
995 	tv.tv_usec = 0;
996 	if (ioctl(p->fd, BIOCSRTIMEOUT, (caddr_t)&tv) < 0)
997 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "BIOCSRTIMEOUT ioctl failed");
998 
999 	(void)signal(SIGINT, handle_sigint);
1000 
1001 	do_loop(p);
1002 
1003 	if (ioctl(fd, BIOCGSTATS, (caddr_t)&us) < 0)
1004 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "BIOCGSTATS ioctl failed");
1005 
1006 	/* XXX what's difference between pkt_captured and us.us_recv? */
1007 	printf("\n");
1008 	printf("%d packets captured\n", pkt_captured);
1009 	printf("%d packets received by filter\n", us.bs_recv);
1010 	printf("%d packets dropped by kernel\n", us.bs_drop);
1011 
1012 	/*
1013 	 * Destroy the usbusN interface only if it was created by
1014 	 * usbdump(8).  Ignore when it was already destroyed.
1015 	 */
1016 	if (ifindex == 0 && if_nametoindex(i_arg) > 0) {
1017 		(void)strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, i_arg, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
1018 		if (ioctl(s, SIOCIFDESTROY, &ifr) < 0)
1019 			warn("SIOCIFDESTROY ioctl failed");
1020 	}
1021 	close(s);
1022 
1023 	if (p->fd > 0)
1024 		close(p->fd);
1025 	if (p->rfd > 0)
1026 		close(p->rfd);
1027 	if (p->wfd > 0)
1028 		close(p->wfd);
1029 	if (p->bfd > 0)
1030 		close(p->bfd);
1031 
1032 	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
1033 }
1034