xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/bsdconfig/usermgmt/include/usermgmt.hlp (revision cfe30d02adda7c3b5c76156ac52d50d8cab325d9)
1*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeThese screens allow you to add groups and users to your system.
2*724b4bfdSDevin Teske
3*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeMany of the settings get reasonable defaults if you leave them blank.
4*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeThe first time you have entered the name of the new group or user, the
5*724b4bfdSDevin Teskesystem will show you what it would chose for most of these fields.
6*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeYou are free to change them, of course.
7*724b4bfdSDevin Teske
8*724b4bfdSDevin Teske
9*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeUser groups
10*724b4bfdSDevin Teske===========
11*724b4bfdSDevin Teske
12*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeIt's certainly almost generally a good idea to first create a new
13*724b4bfdSDevin Teskegroup for your users.  Common names for such a group are "users", or
14*724b4bfdSDevin Teskeeven simply "other".  Group names are used to control file access
15*724b4bfdSDevin Teskepermissions for users that belong to the same group.  Several group
16*724b4bfdSDevin Teskenames are already used for system files.
17*724b4bfdSDevin Teske
18*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeThe numerical user or group IDs are often nothing you want to care for
19*724b4bfdSDevin Teskeexplicitly.  If you don't fill in these fields, the system will choose
20*724b4bfdSDevin Teskereasonable defaults.  However, these numbers (rather than the
21*724b4bfdSDevin Teskeassociated names) are what the operating system actually uses to
22*724b4bfdSDevin Teskedistinguish users and groups -- hence they should normally be unique
23*724b4bfdSDevin Tesketo each person or group, respectively.
24*724b4bfdSDevin Teske
25*724b4bfdSDevin Teske
26*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeUsers
27*724b4bfdSDevin Teske=====
28*724b4bfdSDevin Teske
29*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeThe user's login ID is a short (up to 15 characters) alphanumeric ID
30*724b4bfdSDevin Teskethat the user must enter when logging into the system.  It's often the
31*724b4bfdSDevin Teskeinitial letters of the user's name, and commonly used in lower case.
32*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeIt's also the local mail name for this user (though it's possible to
33*724b4bfdSDevin Teskealso set up more descriptive mail alias names later).
34*724b4bfdSDevin Teske
35*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeThe user's login group determines which group access rights the user
36*724b4bfdSDevin Teskewill initially get when logging in.  If an additional list of groups is
37*724b4bfdSDevin Teskeprovided which the user will become a member of, (s)he will also be
38*724b4bfdSDevin Teskeable to access files of those groups later without providing any
39*724b4bfdSDevin Teskeadditional password etc.  Except for the "wheel" case mentioned below,
40*724b4bfdSDevin Teskethe additional group membership list should normally not contain the
41*724b4bfdSDevin Teskelogin group again.
42*724b4bfdSDevin Teske
43*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeThe user's password can also be set here, and should be chosen with
44*724b4bfdSDevin Teskecare - 6 or more characters, intermixing punctuation and numerics, and
45*724b4bfdSDevin Teske*not* a word from the dictionary or related to the username is a good
46*724b4bfdSDevin Teskepassword choice.
47*724b4bfdSDevin Teske
48*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeSome of the system's groups have a special meaning.  In particular,
49*724b4bfdSDevin Teskemembers of group "wheel" are the only people who are later allowed to
50*724b4bfdSDevin Teskebecome superuser using the command su(1).  So if you're going to add a
51*724b4bfdSDevin Teskenew user who should later perform administrative tasks, don't forget
52*724b4bfdSDevin Tesketo add him to this group!  (Well, ``he'' will most likely be yourself
53*724b4bfdSDevin Teskein the very first place. :)
54*724b4bfdSDevin Teske
55*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeAlso, members of group "operator" will by default get permissions for
56*724b4bfdSDevin Teskeminor administrative operations, like performing system backups, or
57*724b4bfdSDevin Teskeshutting down the system -- without first becoming superuser!  So,
58*724b4bfdSDevin Tesketake care when adding people to this group.
59*724b4bfdSDevin Teske
60*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeThe ``full name'' field serves as a comment only.  It is also used by
61*724b4bfdSDevin Teskemail front ends to determine the real name of the user, hence you
62*724b4bfdSDevin Teskeshould actually fill in the first and last name of this user.  By
63*724b4bfdSDevin Teskeconvention, this field can be divided into comma-separated subfields,
64*724b4bfdSDevin Teskewhere the office location, the work phone number, and the home phone
65*724b4bfdSDevin Teskenumber follow the full name of the user.
66*724b4bfdSDevin Teske
67*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeThe home directory is the directory in the filesystem where the user
68*724b4bfdSDevin Teskeis being logged into, and where his personalized setup files (``dot
69*724b4bfdSDevin Teskefiles'', since they usually begin with a `.' and are not displayed by
70*724b4bfdSDevin Teskethe ls(1) command by default) will be looked up.  It is often created
71*724b4bfdSDevin Teskeunder /usr/home/ or /home/.
72*724b4bfdSDevin Teske
73*724b4bfdSDevin TeskeFinally, the shell is the user's initial command interpreter.  The
74*724b4bfdSDevin Teskedefault shell is /bin/sh, some users prefer the more historic
75*724b4bfdSDevin Teske/bin/csh.  Other, often more user-friendly and comfortable shells can
76*724b4bfdSDevin Teskebe found in the ports and packages collection.
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