xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/bhyve/bhyverun.c (revision 716fd348e01c5f2ba125f878a634a753436c2994)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2011 NetApp, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY NETAPP, INC ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL NETAPP, INC OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  *
28  * $FreeBSD$
29  */
30 
31 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
32 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
33 
34 #include <sys/types.h>
35 #ifndef WITHOUT_CAPSICUM
36 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
37 #endif
38 #include <sys/mman.h>
39 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
40 #include <sys/socket.h>
41 #include <sys/stat.h>
42 #endif
43 #include <sys/time.h>
44 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
45 #include <sys/un.h>
46 #endif
47 
48 #include <amd64/vmm/intel/vmcs.h>
49 
50 #include <machine/atomic.h>
51 #include <machine/segments.h>
52 
53 #ifndef WITHOUT_CAPSICUM
54 #include <capsicum_helpers.h>
55 #endif
56 #include <stdio.h>
57 #include <stdlib.h>
58 #include <string.h>
59 #include <err.h>
60 #include <errno.h>
61 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
62 #include <fcntl.h>
63 #endif
64 #include <libgen.h>
65 #include <unistd.h>
66 #include <assert.h>
67 #include <pthread.h>
68 #include <pthread_np.h>
69 #include <sysexits.h>
70 #include <stdbool.h>
71 #include <stdint.h>
72 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
73 #include <ucl.h>
74 #include <unistd.h>
75 
76 #include <libxo/xo.h>
77 #endif
78 
79 #include <machine/vmm.h>
80 #ifndef WITHOUT_CAPSICUM
81 #include <machine/vmm_dev.h>
82 #endif
83 #include <machine/vmm_instruction_emul.h>
84 #include <vmmapi.h>
85 
86 #include "bhyverun.h"
87 #include "acpi.h"
88 #include "atkbdc.h"
89 #include "bootrom.h"
90 #include "config.h"
91 #include "inout.h"
92 #include "debug.h"
93 #include "fwctl.h"
94 #include "gdb.h"
95 #include "ioapic.h"
96 #include "kernemu_dev.h"
97 #include "mem.h"
98 #include "mevent.h"
99 #include "mptbl.h"
100 #include "pci_emul.h"
101 #include "pci_irq.h"
102 #include "pci_lpc.h"
103 #include "smbiostbl.h"
104 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
105 #include "snapshot.h"
106 #endif
107 #include "xmsr.h"
108 #include "spinup_ap.h"
109 #include "rtc.h"
110 #include "vmgenc.h"
111 
112 #define GUEST_NIO_PORT		0x488	/* guest upcalls via i/o port */
113 
114 #define MB		(1024UL * 1024)
115 #define GB		(1024UL * MB)
116 
117 static const char * const vmx_exit_reason_desc[] = {
118 	[EXIT_REASON_EXCEPTION] = "Exception or non-maskable interrupt (NMI)",
119 	[EXIT_REASON_EXT_INTR] = "External interrupt",
120 	[EXIT_REASON_TRIPLE_FAULT] = "Triple fault",
121 	[EXIT_REASON_INIT] = "INIT signal",
122 	[EXIT_REASON_SIPI] = "Start-up IPI (SIPI)",
123 	[EXIT_REASON_IO_SMI] = "I/O system-management interrupt (SMI)",
124 	[EXIT_REASON_SMI] = "Other SMI",
125 	[EXIT_REASON_INTR_WINDOW] = "Interrupt window",
126 	[EXIT_REASON_NMI_WINDOW] = "NMI window",
127 	[EXIT_REASON_TASK_SWITCH] = "Task switch",
128 	[EXIT_REASON_CPUID] = "CPUID",
129 	[EXIT_REASON_GETSEC] = "GETSEC",
130 	[EXIT_REASON_HLT] = "HLT",
131 	[EXIT_REASON_INVD] = "INVD",
132 	[EXIT_REASON_INVLPG] = "INVLPG",
133 	[EXIT_REASON_RDPMC] = "RDPMC",
134 	[EXIT_REASON_RDTSC] = "RDTSC",
135 	[EXIT_REASON_RSM] = "RSM",
136 	[EXIT_REASON_VMCALL] = "VMCALL",
137 	[EXIT_REASON_VMCLEAR] = "VMCLEAR",
138 	[EXIT_REASON_VMLAUNCH] = "VMLAUNCH",
139 	[EXIT_REASON_VMPTRLD] = "VMPTRLD",
140 	[EXIT_REASON_VMPTRST] = "VMPTRST",
141 	[EXIT_REASON_VMREAD] = "VMREAD",
142 	[EXIT_REASON_VMRESUME] = "VMRESUME",
143 	[EXIT_REASON_VMWRITE] = "VMWRITE",
144 	[EXIT_REASON_VMXOFF] = "VMXOFF",
145 	[EXIT_REASON_VMXON] = "VMXON",
146 	[EXIT_REASON_CR_ACCESS] = "Control-register accesses",
147 	[EXIT_REASON_DR_ACCESS] = "MOV DR",
148 	[EXIT_REASON_INOUT] = "I/O instruction",
149 	[EXIT_REASON_RDMSR] = "RDMSR",
150 	[EXIT_REASON_WRMSR] = "WRMSR",
151 	[EXIT_REASON_INVAL_VMCS] =
152 	    "VM-entry failure due to invalid guest state",
153 	[EXIT_REASON_INVAL_MSR] = "VM-entry failure due to MSR loading",
154 	[EXIT_REASON_MWAIT] = "MWAIT",
155 	[EXIT_REASON_MTF] = "Monitor trap flag",
156 	[EXIT_REASON_MONITOR] = "MONITOR",
157 	[EXIT_REASON_PAUSE] = "PAUSE",
158 	[EXIT_REASON_MCE_DURING_ENTRY] =
159 	    "VM-entry failure due to machine-check event",
160 	[EXIT_REASON_TPR] = "TPR below threshold",
161 	[EXIT_REASON_APIC_ACCESS] = "APIC access",
162 	[EXIT_REASON_VIRTUALIZED_EOI] = "Virtualized EOI",
163 	[EXIT_REASON_GDTR_IDTR] = "Access to GDTR or IDTR",
164 	[EXIT_REASON_LDTR_TR] = "Access to LDTR or TR",
165 	[EXIT_REASON_EPT_FAULT] = "EPT violation",
166 	[EXIT_REASON_EPT_MISCONFIG] = "EPT misconfiguration",
167 	[EXIT_REASON_INVEPT] = "INVEPT",
168 	[EXIT_REASON_RDTSCP] = "RDTSCP",
169 	[EXIT_REASON_VMX_PREEMPT] = "VMX-preemption timer expired",
170 	[EXIT_REASON_INVVPID] = "INVVPID",
171 	[EXIT_REASON_WBINVD] = "WBINVD",
172 	[EXIT_REASON_XSETBV] = "XSETBV",
173 	[EXIT_REASON_APIC_WRITE] = "APIC write",
174 	[EXIT_REASON_RDRAND] = "RDRAND",
175 	[EXIT_REASON_INVPCID] = "INVPCID",
176 	[EXIT_REASON_VMFUNC] = "VMFUNC",
177 	[EXIT_REASON_ENCLS] = "ENCLS",
178 	[EXIT_REASON_RDSEED] = "RDSEED",
179 	[EXIT_REASON_PM_LOG_FULL] = "Page-modification log full",
180 	[EXIT_REASON_XSAVES] = "XSAVES",
181 	[EXIT_REASON_XRSTORS] = "XRSTORS"
182 };
183 
184 typedef int (*vmexit_handler_t)(struct vmctx *, struct vm_exit *, int *vcpu);
185 extern int vmexit_task_switch(struct vmctx *, struct vm_exit *, int *vcpu);
186 
187 int guest_ncpus;
188 uint16_t cores, maxcpus, sockets, threads;
189 
190 int raw_stdio = 0;
191 
192 static char *progname;
193 static const int BSP = 0;
194 
195 static cpuset_t cpumask;
196 
197 static void vm_loop(struct vmctx *ctx, int vcpu, uint64_t rip);
198 
199 static struct vm_exit *vmexit;
200 
201 struct bhyvestats {
202 	uint64_t	vmexit_bogus;
203 	uint64_t	vmexit_reqidle;
204 	uint64_t	vmexit_hlt;
205 	uint64_t	vmexit_pause;
206 	uint64_t	vmexit_mtrap;
207 	uint64_t	vmexit_inst_emul;
208 	uint64_t	cpu_switch_rotate;
209 	uint64_t	cpu_switch_direct;
210 } stats;
211 
212 struct mt_vmm_info {
213 	pthread_t	mt_thr;
214 	struct vmctx	*mt_ctx;
215 	int		mt_vcpu;
216 } *mt_vmm_info;
217 
218 static cpuset_t **vcpumap;
219 
220 static void
221 usage(int code)
222 {
223 
224         fprintf(stderr,
225 		"Usage: %s [-AaCDeHhPSuWwxY]\n"
226 		"       %*s [-c [[cpus=]numcpus][,sockets=n][,cores=n][,threads=n]]\n"
227 		"       %*s [-G port] [-k config_file] [-l lpc] [-m mem] [-o var=value]\n"
228 		"       %*s [-p vcpu:hostcpu] [-r file] [-s pci] [-U uuid] vmname\n"
229 		"       -A: create ACPI tables\n"
230 		"       -a: local apic is in xAPIC mode (deprecated)\n"
231 		"       -C: include guest memory in core file\n"
232 		"       -c: number of CPUs and/or topology specification\n"
233 		"       -D: destroy on power-off\n"
234 		"       -e: exit on unhandled I/O access\n"
235 		"       -G: start a debug server\n"
236 		"       -H: vmexit from the guest on HLT\n"
237 		"       -h: help\n"
238 		"       -k: key=value flat config file\n"
239 		"       -K: PS2 keyboard layout\n"
240 		"       -l: LPC device configuration\n"
241 		"       -m: memory size\n"
242 		"       -o: set config 'var' to 'value'\n"
243 		"       -P: vmexit from the guest on pause\n"
244 		"       -p: pin 'vcpu' to 'hostcpu'\n"
245 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
246 		"       -r: path to checkpoint file\n"
247 #endif
248 		"       -S: guest memory cannot be swapped\n"
249 		"       -s: <slot,driver,configinfo> PCI slot config\n"
250 		"       -U: UUID\n"
251 		"       -u: RTC keeps UTC time\n"
252 		"       -W: force virtio to use single-vector MSI\n"
253 		"       -w: ignore unimplemented MSRs\n"
254 		"       -x: local APIC is in x2APIC mode\n"
255 		"       -Y: disable MPtable generation\n",
256 		progname, (int)strlen(progname), "", (int)strlen(progname), "",
257 		(int)strlen(progname), "");
258 
259 	exit(code);
260 }
261 
262 /*
263  * XXX This parser is known to have the following issues:
264  * 1.  It accepts null key=value tokens ",," as setting "cpus" to an
265  *     empty string.
266  *
267  * The acceptance of a null specification ('-c ""') is by design to match the
268  * manual page syntax specification, this results in a topology of 1 vCPU.
269  */
270 static int
271 topology_parse(const char *opt)
272 {
273 	char *cp, *str, *tofree;
274 
275 	if (*opt == '\0') {
276 		set_config_value("sockets", "1");
277 		set_config_value("cores", "1");
278 		set_config_value("threads", "1");
279 		set_config_value("cpus", "1");
280 		return (0);
281 	}
282 
283 	tofree = str = strdup(opt);
284 	if (str == NULL)
285 		errx(4, "Failed to allocate memory");
286 
287 	while ((cp = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
288 		if (strncmp(cp, "cpus=", strlen("cpus=")) == 0)
289 			set_config_value("cpus", cp + strlen("cpus="));
290 		else if (strncmp(cp, "sockets=", strlen("sockets=")) == 0)
291 			set_config_value("sockets", cp + strlen("sockets="));
292 		else if (strncmp(cp, "cores=", strlen("cores=")) == 0)
293 			set_config_value("cores", cp + strlen("cores="));
294 		else if (strncmp(cp, "threads=", strlen("threads=")) == 0)
295 			set_config_value("threads", cp + strlen("threads="));
296 #ifdef notyet  /* Do not expose this until vmm.ko implements it */
297 		else if (strncmp(cp, "maxcpus=", strlen("maxcpus=")) == 0)
298 			set_config_value("maxcpus", cp + strlen("maxcpus="));
299 #endif
300 		else if (strchr(cp, '=') != NULL)
301 			goto out;
302 		else
303 			set_config_value("cpus", cp);
304 	}
305 	free(tofree);
306 	return (0);
307 
308 out:
309 	free(tofree);
310 	return (-1);
311 }
312 
313 static int
314 parse_int_value(const char *key, const char *value, int minval, int maxval)
315 {
316 	char *cp;
317 	long lval;
318 
319 	errno = 0;
320 	lval = strtol(value, &cp, 0);
321 	if (errno != 0 || *cp != '\0' || cp == value || lval < minval ||
322 	    lval > maxval)
323 		errx(4, "Invalid value for %s: '%s'", key, value);
324 	return (lval);
325 }
326 
327 /*
328  * Set the sockets, cores, threads, and guest_cpus variables based on
329  * the configured topology.
330  *
331  * The limits of UINT16_MAX are due to the types passed to
332  * vm_set_topology().  vmm.ko may enforce tighter limits.
333  */
334 static void
335 calc_topolopgy(void)
336 {
337 	const char *value;
338 	bool explicit_cpus;
339 	uint64_t ncpus;
340 
341 	value = get_config_value("cpus");
342 	if (value != NULL) {
343 		guest_ncpus = parse_int_value("cpus", value, 1, UINT16_MAX);
344 		explicit_cpus = true;
345 	} else {
346 		guest_ncpus = 1;
347 		explicit_cpus = false;
348 	}
349 	value = get_config_value("cores");
350 	if (value != NULL)
351 		cores = parse_int_value("cores", value, 1, UINT16_MAX);
352 	else
353 		cores = 1;
354 	value = get_config_value("threads");
355 	if (value != NULL)
356 		threads = parse_int_value("threads", value, 1, UINT16_MAX);
357 	else
358 		threads = 1;
359 	value = get_config_value("sockets");
360 	if (value != NULL)
361 		sockets = parse_int_value("sockets", value, 1, UINT16_MAX);
362 	else
363 		sockets = guest_ncpus;
364 
365 	/*
366 	 * Compute sockets * cores * threads avoiding overflow.  The
367 	 * range check above insures these are 16 bit values.
368 	 */
369 	ncpus = (uint64_t)sockets * cores * threads;
370 	if (ncpus > UINT16_MAX)
371 		errx(4, "Computed number of vCPUs too high: %ju",
372 		    (uintmax_t)ncpus);
373 
374 	if (explicit_cpus) {
375 		if (guest_ncpus != ncpus)
376 			errx(4, "Topology (%d sockets, %d cores, %d threads) "
377 			    "does not match %d vCPUs", sockets, cores, threads,
378 			    guest_ncpus);
379 	} else
380 		guest_ncpus = ncpus;
381 }
382 
383 static int
384 pincpu_parse(const char *opt)
385 {
386 	const char *value;
387 	char *newval;
388 	char key[16];
389 	int vcpu, pcpu;
390 
391 	if (sscanf(opt, "%d:%d", &vcpu, &pcpu) != 2) {
392 		fprintf(stderr, "invalid format: %s\n", opt);
393 		return (-1);
394 	}
395 
396 	if (vcpu < 0) {
397 		fprintf(stderr, "invalid vcpu '%d'\n", vcpu);
398 		return (-1);
399 	}
400 
401 	if (pcpu < 0 || pcpu >= CPU_SETSIZE) {
402 		fprintf(stderr, "hostcpu '%d' outside valid range from "
403 		    "0 to %d\n", pcpu, CPU_SETSIZE - 1);
404 		return (-1);
405 	}
406 
407 	snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "vcpu.%d.cpuset", vcpu);
408 	value = get_config_value(key);
409 
410 	if (asprintf(&newval, "%s%s%d", value != NULL ? value : "",
411 	    value != NULL ? "," : "", pcpu) == -1) {
412 		perror("failed to build new cpuset string");
413 		return (-1);
414 	}
415 
416 	set_config_value(key, newval);
417 	free(newval);
418 	return (0);
419 }
420 
421 static void
422 parse_cpuset(int vcpu, const char *list, cpuset_t *set)
423 {
424 	char *cp, *token;
425 	int pcpu, start;
426 
427 	CPU_ZERO(set);
428 	start = -1;
429 	token = __DECONST(char *, list);
430 	for (;;) {
431 		pcpu = strtoul(token, &cp, 0);
432 		if (cp == token)
433 			errx(4, "invalid cpuset for vcpu %d: '%s'", vcpu, list);
434 		if (pcpu < 0 || pcpu >= CPU_SETSIZE)
435 			errx(4, "hostcpu '%d' outside valid range from 0 to %d",
436 			    pcpu, CPU_SETSIZE - 1);
437 		switch (*cp) {
438 		case ',':
439 		case '\0':
440 			if (start >= 0) {
441 				if (start > pcpu)
442 					errx(4, "Invalid hostcpu range %d-%d",
443 					    start, pcpu);
444 				while (start < pcpu) {
445 					CPU_SET(start, vcpumap[vcpu]);
446 					start++;
447 				}
448 				start = -1;
449 			}
450 			CPU_SET(pcpu, vcpumap[vcpu]);
451 			break;
452 		case '-':
453 			if (start >= 0)
454 				errx(4, "invalid cpuset for vcpu %d: '%s'",
455 				    vcpu, list);
456 			start = pcpu;
457 			break;
458 		default:
459 			errx(4, "invalid cpuset for vcpu %d: '%s'", vcpu, list);
460 		}
461 		if (*cp == '\0')
462 			break;
463 		token = cp + 1;
464 	}
465 }
466 
467 static void
468 build_vcpumaps(void)
469 {
470 	char key[16];
471 	const char *value;
472 	int vcpu;
473 
474 	vcpumap = calloc(guest_ncpus, sizeof(*vcpumap));
475 	for (vcpu = 0; vcpu < guest_ncpus; vcpu++) {
476 		snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "vcpu.%d.cpuset", vcpu);
477 		value = get_config_value(key);
478 		if (value == NULL)
479 			continue;
480 		vcpumap[vcpu] = malloc(sizeof(cpuset_t));
481 		if (vcpumap[vcpu] == NULL)
482 			err(4, "Failed to allocate cpuset for vcpu %d", vcpu);
483 		parse_cpuset(vcpu, value, vcpumap[vcpu]);
484 	}
485 }
486 
487 void
488 vm_inject_fault(void *arg, int vcpu, int vector, int errcode_valid,
489     int errcode)
490 {
491 	struct vmctx *ctx;
492 	int error, restart_instruction;
493 
494 	ctx = arg;
495 	restart_instruction = 1;
496 
497 	error = vm_inject_exception(ctx, vcpu, vector, errcode_valid, errcode,
498 	    restart_instruction);
499 	assert(error == 0);
500 }
501 
502 void *
503 paddr_guest2host(struct vmctx *ctx, uintptr_t gaddr, size_t len)
504 {
505 
506 	return (vm_map_gpa(ctx, gaddr, len));
507 }
508 
509 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
510 uintptr_t
511 paddr_host2guest(struct vmctx *ctx, void *addr)
512 {
513 	return (vm_rev_map_gpa(ctx, addr));
514 }
515 #endif
516 
517 int
518 fbsdrun_virtio_msix(void)
519 {
520 
521 	return (get_config_bool_default("virtio_msix", true));
522 }
523 
524 static void *
525 fbsdrun_start_thread(void *param)
526 {
527 	char tname[MAXCOMLEN + 1];
528 	struct mt_vmm_info *mtp;
529 	int vcpu;
530 
531 	mtp = param;
532 	vcpu = mtp->mt_vcpu;
533 
534 	snprintf(tname, sizeof(tname), "vcpu %d", vcpu);
535 	pthread_set_name_np(mtp->mt_thr, tname);
536 
537 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
538 	checkpoint_cpu_add(vcpu);
539 #endif
540 	gdb_cpu_add(vcpu);
541 
542 	vm_loop(mtp->mt_ctx, vcpu, vmexit[vcpu].rip);
543 
544 	/* not reached */
545 	exit(1);
546 	return (NULL);
547 }
548 
549 void
550 fbsdrun_addcpu(struct vmctx *ctx, int fromcpu, int newcpu, uint64_t rip)
551 {
552 	int error;
553 
554 	assert(fromcpu == BSP);
555 
556 	/*
557 	 * The 'newcpu' must be activated in the context of 'fromcpu'. If
558 	 * vm_activate_cpu() is delayed until newcpu's pthread starts running
559 	 * then vmm.ko is out-of-sync with bhyve and this can create a race
560 	 * with vm_suspend().
561 	 */
562 	error = vm_activate_cpu(ctx, newcpu);
563 	if (error != 0)
564 		err(EX_OSERR, "could not activate CPU %d", newcpu);
565 
566 	CPU_SET_ATOMIC(newcpu, &cpumask);
567 
568 	/*
569 	 * Set up the vmexit struct to allow execution to start
570 	 * at the given RIP
571 	 */
572 	vmexit[newcpu].rip = rip;
573 	vmexit[newcpu].inst_length = 0;
574 
575 	mt_vmm_info[newcpu].mt_ctx = ctx;
576 	mt_vmm_info[newcpu].mt_vcpu = newcpu;
577 
578 	error = pthread_create(&mt_vmm_info[newcpu].mt_thr, NULL,
579 	    fbsdrun_start_thread, &mt_vmm_info[newcpu]);
580 	assert(error == 0);
581 }
582 
583 static int
584 fbsdrun_deletecpu(struct vmctx *ctx, int vcpu)
585 {
586 
587 	if (!CPU_ISSET(vcpu, &cpumask)) {
588 		fprintf(stderr, "Attempting to delete unknown cpu %d\n", vcpu);
589 		exit(4);
590 	}
591 
592 	CPU_CLR_ATOMIC(vcpu, &cpumask);
593 	return (CPU_EMPTY(&cpumask));
594 }
595 
596 static int
597 vmexit_handle_notify(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vme, int *pvcpu,
598 		     uint32_t eax)
599 {
600 #if BHYVE_DEBUG
601 	/*
602 	 * put guest-driven debug here
603 	 */
604 #endif
605 	return (VMEXIT_CONTINUE);
606 }
607 
608 static int
609 vmexit_inout(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vme, int *pvcpu)
610 {
611 	int error;
612 	int bytes, port, in, out;
613 	int vcpu;
614 
615 	vcpu = *pvcpu;
616 
617 	port = vme->u.inout.port;
618 	bytes = vme->u.inout.bytes;
619 	in = vme->u.inout.in;
620 	out = !in;
621 
622         /* Extra-special case of host notifications */
623         if (out && port == GUEST_NIO_PORT) {
624                 error = vmexit_handle_notify(ctx, vme, pvcpu, vme->u.inout.eax);
625 		return (error);
626 	}
627 
628 	error = emulate_inout(ctx, vcpu, vme);
629 	if (error) {
630 		fprintf(stderr, "Unhandled %s%c 0x%04x at 0x%lx\n",
631 		    in ? "in" : "out",
632 		    bytes == 1 ? 'b' : (bytes == 2 ? 'w' : 'l'),
633 		    port, vmexit->rip);
634 		return (VMEXIT_ABORT);
635 	} else {
636 		return (VMEXIT_CONTINUE);
637 	}
638 }
639 
640 static int
641 vmexit_rdmsr(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vme, int *pvcpu)
642 {
643 	uint64_t val;
644 	uint32_t eax, edx;
645 	int error;
646 
647 	val = 0;
648 	error = emulate_rdmsr(ctx, *pvcpu, vme->u.msr.code, &val);
649 	if (error != 0) {
650 		fprintf(stderr, "rdmsr to register %#x on vcpu %d\n",
651 		    vme->u.msr.code, *pvcpu);
652 		if (get_config_bool("x86.strictmsr")) {
653 			vm_inject_gp(ctx, *pvcpu);
654 			return (VMEXIT_CONTINUE);
655 		}
656 	}
657 
658 	eax = val;
659 	error = vm_set_register(ctx, *pvcpu, VM_REG_GUEST_RAX, eax);
660 	assert(error == 0);
661 
662 	edx = val >> 32;
663 	error = vm_set_register(ctx, *pvcpu, VM_REG_GUEST_RDX, edx);
664 	assert(error == 0);
665 
666 	return (VMEXIT_CONTINUE);
667 }
668 
669 static int
670 vmexit_wrmsr(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vme, int *pvcpu)
671 {
672 	int error;
673 
674 	error = emulate_wrmsr(ctx, *pvcpu, vme->u.msr.code, vme->u.msr.wval);
675 	if (error != 0) {
676 		fprintf(stderr, "wrmsr to register %#x(%#lx) on vcpu %d\n",
677 		    vme->u.msr.code, vme->u.msr.wval, *pvcpu);
678 		if (get_config_bool("x86.strictmsr")) {
679 			vm_inject_gp(ctx, *pvcpu);
680 			return (VMEXIT_CONTINUE);
681 		}
682 	}
683 	return (VMEXIT_CONTINUE);
684 }
685 
686 static int
687 vmexit_spinup_ap(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vme, int *pvcpu)
688 {
689 
690 	(void)spinup_ap(ctx, *pvcpu,
691 		    vme->u.spinup_ap.vcpu, vme->u.spinup_ap.rip);
692 
693 	return (VMEXIT_CONTINUE);
694 }
695 
696 #define	DEBUG_EPT_MISCONFIG
697 #ifdef DEBUG_EPT_MISCONFIG
698 #define	VMCS_GUEST_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS	0x00002400
699 
700 static uint64_t ept_misconfig_gpa, ept_misconfig_pte[4];
701 static int ept_misconfig_ptenum;
702 #endif
703 
704 static const char *
705 vmexit_vmx_desc(uint32_t exit_reason)
706 {
707 
708 	if (exit_reason >= nitems(vmx_exit_reason_desc) ||
709 	    vmx_exit_reason_desc[exit_reason] == NULL)
710 		return ("Unknown");
711 	return (vmx_exit_reason_desc[exit_reason]);
712 }
713 
714 static int
715 vmexit_vmx(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vmexit, int *pvcpu)
716 {
717 
718 	fprintf(stderr, "vm exit[%d]\n", *pvcpu);
719 	fprintf(stderr, "\treason\t\tVMX\n");
720 	fprintf(stderr, "\trip\t\t0x%016lx\n", vmexit->rip);
721 	fprintf(stderr, "\tinst_length\t%d\n", vmexit->inst_length);
722 	fprintf(stderr, "\tstatus\t\t%d\n", vmexit->u.vmx.status);
723 	fprintf(stderr, "\texit_reason\t%u (%s)\n", vmexit->u.vmx.exit_reason,
724 	    vmexit_vmx_desc(vmexit->u.vmx.exit_reason));
725 	fprintf(stderr, "\tqualification\t0x%016lx\n",
726 	    vmexit->u.vmx.exit_qualification);
727 	fprintf(stderr, "\tinst_type\t\t%d\n", vmexit->u.vmx.inst_type);
728 	fprintf(stderr, "\tinst_error\t\t%d\n", vmexit->u.vmx.inst_error);
729 #ifdef DEBUG_EPT_MISCONFIG
730 	if (vmexit->u.vmx.exit_reason == EXIT_REASON_EPT_MISCONFIG) {
731 		vm_get_register(ctx, *pvcpu,
732 		    VMCS_IDENT(VMCS_GUEST_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS),
733 		    &ept_misconfig_gpa);
734 		vm_get_gpa_pmap(ctx, ept_misconfig_gpa, ept_misconfig_pte,
735 		    &ept_misconfig_ptenum);
736 		fprintf(stderr, "\tEPT misconfiguration:\n");
737 		fprintf(stderr, "\t\tGPA: %#lx\n", ept_misconfig_gpa);
738 		fprintf(stderr, "\t\tPTE(%d): %#lx %#lx %#lx %#lx\n",
739 		    ept_misconfig_ptenum, ept_misconfig_pte[0],
740 		    ept_misconfig_pte[1], ept_misconfig_pte[2],
741 		    ept_misconfig_pte[3]);
742 	}
743 #endif	/* DEBUG_EPT_MISCONFIG */
744 	return (VMEXIT_ABORT);
745 }
746 
747 static int
748 vmexit_svm(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vmexit, int *pvcpu)
749 {
750 
751 	fprintf(stderr, "vm exit[%d]\n", *pvcpu);
752 	fprintf(stderr, "\treason\t\tSVM\n");
753 	fprintf(stderr, "\trip\t\t0x%016lx\n", vmexit->rip);
754 	fprintf(stderr, "\tinst_length\t%d\n", vmexit->inst_length);
755 	fprintf(stderr, "\texitcode\t%#lx\n", vmexit->u.svm.exitcode);
756 	fprintf(stderr, "\texitinfo1\t%#lx\n", vmexit->u.svm.exitinfo1);
757 	fprintf(stderr, "\texitinfo2\t%#lx\n", vmexit->u.svm.exitinfo2);
758 	return (VMEXIT_ABORT);
759 }
760 
761 static int
762 vmexit_bogus(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vmexit, int *pvcpu)
763 {
764 
765 	assert(vmexit->inst_length == 0);
766 
767 	stats.vmexit_bogus++;
768 
769 	return (VMEXIT_CONTINUE);
770 }
771 
772 static int
773 vmexit_reqidle(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vmexit, int *pvcpu)
774 {
775 
776 	assert(vmexit->inst_length == 0);
777 
778 	stats.vmexit_reqidle++;
779 
780 	return (VMEXIT_CONTINUE);
781 }
782 
783 static int
784 vmexit_hlt(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vmexit, int *pvcpu)
785 {
786 
787 	stats.vmexit_hlt++;
788 
789 	/*
790 	 * Just continue execution with the next instruction. We use
791 	 * the HLT VM exit as a way to be friendly with the host
792 	 * scheduler.
793 	 */
794 	return (VMEXIT_CONTINUE);
795 }
796 
797 static int
798 vmexit_pause(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vmexit, int *pvcpu)
799 {
800 
801 	stats.vmexit_pause++;
802 
803 	return (VMEXIT_CONTINUE);
804 }
805 
806 static int
807 vmexit_mtrap(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vmexit, int *pvcpu)
808 {
809 
810 	assert(vmexit->inst_length == 0);
811 
812 	stats.vmexit_mtrap++;
813 
814 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
815 	checkpoint_cpu_suspend(*pvcpu);
816 #endif
817 	gdb_cpu_mtrap(*pvcpu);
818 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
819 	checkpoint_cpu_resume(*pvcpu);
820 #endif
821 
822 	return (VMEXIT_CONTINUE);
823 }
824 
825 static int
826 vmexit_inst_emul(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vmexit, int *pvcpu)
827 {
828 	int err, i, cs_d;
829 	struct vie *vie;
830 	enum vm_cpu_mode mode;
831 
832 	stats.vmexit_inst_emul++;
833 
834 	vie = &vmexit->u.inst_emul.vie;
835 	if (!vie->decoded) {
836 		/*
837 		 * Attempt to decode in userspace as a fallback.  This allows
838 		 * updating instruction decode in bhyve without rebooting the
839 		 * kernel (rapid prototyping), albeit with much slower
840 		 * emulation.
841 		 */
842 		vie_restart(vie);
843 		mode = vmexit->u.inst_emul.paging.cpu_mode;
844 		cs_d = vmexit->u.inst_emul.cs_d;
845 		if (vmm_decode_instruction(mode, cs_d, vie) != 0)
846 			goto fail;
847 		if (vm_set_register(ctx, *pvcpu, VM_REG_GUEST_RIP,
848 		    vmexit->rip + vie->num_processed) != 0)
849 			goto fail;
850 	}
851 
852 	err = emulate_mem(ctx, *pvcpu, vmexit->u.inst_emul.gpa,
853 	    vie, &vmexit->u.inst_emul.paging);
854 
855 	if (err) {
856 		if (err == ESRCH) {
857 			EPRINTLN("Unhandled memory access to 0x%lx\n",
858 			    vmexit->u.inst_emul.gpa);
859 		}
860 		goto fail;
861 	}
862 
863 	return (VMEXIT_CONTINUE);
864 
865 fail:
866 	fprintf(stderr, "Failed to emulate instruction sequence [ ");
867 	for (i = 0; i < vie->num_valid; i++)
868 		fprintf(stderr, "%02x", vie->inst[i]);
869 	FPRINTLN(stderr, " ] at 0x%lx", vmexit->rip);
870 	return (VMEXIT_ABORT);
871 }
872 
873 static pthread_mutex_t resetcpu_mtx = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
874 static pthread_cond_t resetcpu_cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;
875 
876 static int
877 vmexit_suspend(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vmexit, int *pvcpu)
878 {
879 	enum vm_suspend_how how;
880 
881 	how = vmexit->u.suspended.how;
882 
883 	fbsdrun_deletecpu(ctx, *pvcpu);
884 
885 	if (*pvcpu != BSP) {
886 		pthread_mutex_lock(&resetcpu_mtx);
887 		pthread_cond_signal(&resetcpu_cond);
888 		pthread_mutex_unlock(&resetcpu_mtx);
889 		pthread_exit(NULL);
890 	}
891 
892 	pthread_mutex_lock(&resetcpu_mtx);
893 	while (!CPU_EMPTY(&cpumask)) {
894 		pthread_cond_wait(&resetcpu_cond, &resetcpu_mtx);
895 	}
896 	pthread_mutex_unlock(&resetcpu_mtx);
897 
898 	switch (how) {
899 	case VM_SUSPEND_RESET:
900 		exit(0);
901 	case VM_SUSPEND_POWEROFF:
902 		if (get_config_bool_default("destroy_on_poweroff", false))
903 			vm_destroy(ctx);
904 		exit(1);
905 	case VM_SUSPEND_HALT:
906 		exit(2);
907 	case VM_SUSPEND_TRIPLEFAULT:
908 		exit(3);
909 	default:
910 		fprintf(stderr, "vmexit_suspend: invalid reason %d\n", how);
911 		exit(100);
912 	}
913 	return (0);	/* NOTREACHED */
914 }
915 
916 static int
917 vmexit_debug(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vmexit, int *pvcpu)
918 {
919 
920 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
921 	checkpoint_cpu_suspend(*pvcpu);
922 #endif
923 	gdb_cpu_suspend(*pvcpu);
924 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
925 	checkpoint_cpu_resume(*pvcpu);
926 #endif
927 	return (VMEXIT_CONTINUE);
928 }
929 
930 static int
931 vmexit_breakpoint(struct vmctx *ctx, struct vm_exit *vmexit, int *pvcpu)
932 {
933 
934 	gdb_cpu_breakpoint(*pvcpu, vmexit);
935 	return (VMEXIT_CONTINUE);
936 }
937 
938 static vmexit_handler_t handler[VM_EXITCODE_MAX] = {
939 	[VM_EXITCODE_INOUT]  = vmexit_inout,
940 	[VM_EXITCODE_INOUT_STR]  = vmexit_inout,
941 	[VM_EXITCODE_VMX]    = vmexit_vmx,
942 	[VM_EXITCODE_SVM]    = vmexit_svm,
943 	[VM_EXITCODE_BOGUS]  = vmexit_bogus,
944 	[VM_EXITCODE_REQIDLE] = vmexit_reqidle,
945 	[VM_EXITCODE_RDMSR]  = vmexit_rdmsr,
946 	[VM_EXITCODE_WRMSR]  = vmexit_wrmsr,
947 	[VM_EXITCODE_MTRAP]  = vmexit_mtrap,
948 	[VM_EXITCODE_INST_EMUL] = vmexit_inst_emul,
949 	[VM_EXITCODE_SPINUP_AP] = vmexit_spinup_ap,
950 	[VM_EXITCODE_SUSPENDED] = vmexit_suspend,
951 	[VM_EXITCODE_TASK_SWITCH] = vmexit_task_switch,
952 	[VM_EXITCODE_DEBUG] = vmexit_debug,
953 	[VM_EXITCODE_BPT] = vmexit_breakpoint,
954 };
955 
956 static void
957 vm_loop(struct vmctx *ctx, int vcpu, uint64_t startrip)
958 {
959 	int error, rc;
960 	enum vm_exitcode exitcode;
961 	cpuset_t active_cpus;
962 
963 	if (vcpumap[vcpu] != NULL) {
964 		error = pthread_setaffinity_np(pthread_self(),
965 		    sizeof(cpuset_t), vcpumap[vcpu]);
966 		assert(error == 0);
967 	}
968 
969 	error = vm_active_cpus(ctx, &active_cpus);
970 	assert(CPU_ISSET(vcpu, &active_cpus));
971 
972 	error = vm_set_register(ctx, vcpu, VM_REG_GUEST_RIP, startrip);
973 	assert(error == 0);
974 
975 	while (1) {
976 		error = vm_run(ctx, vcpu, &vmexit[vcpu]);
977 		if (error != 0)
978 			break;
979 
980 		exitcode = vmexit[vcpu].exitcode;
981 		if (exitcode >= VM_EXITCODE_MAX || handler[exitcode] == NULL) {
982 			fprintf(stderr, "vm_loop: unexpected exitcode 0x%x\n",
983 			    exitcode);
984 			exit(4);
985 		}
986 
987 		rc = (*handler[exitcode])(ctx, &vmexit[vcpu], &vcpu);
988 
989 		switch (rc) {
990 		case VMEXIT_CONTINUE:
991 			break;
992 		case VMEXIT_ABORT:
993 			abort();
994 		default:
995 			exit(4);
996 		}
997 	}
998 	fprintf(stderr, "vm_run error %d, errno %d\n", error, errno);
999 }
1000 
1001 static int
1002 num_vcpus_allowed(struct vmctx *ctx)
1003 {
1004 	uint16_t sockets, cores, threads, maxcpus;
1005 	int tmp, error;
1006 
1007 	/*
1008 	 * The guest is allowed to spinup more than one processor only if the
1009 	 * UNRESTRICTED_GUEST capability is available.
1010 	 */
1011 	error = vm_get_capability(ctx, BSP, VM_CAP_UNRESTRICTED_GUEST, &tmp);
1012 	if (error != 0)
1013 		return (1);
1014 
1015 	error = vm_get_topology(ctx, &sockets, &cores, &threads, &maxcpus);
1016 	if (error == 0)
1017 		return (maxcpus);
1018 	else
1019 		return (1);
1020 }
1021 
1022 void
1023 fbsdrun_set_capabilities(struct vmctx *ctx, int cpu)
1024 {
1025 	int err, tmp;
1026 
1027 	if (get_config_bool_default("x86.vmexit_on_hlt", false)) {
1028 		err = vm_get_capability(ctx, cpu, VM_CAP_HALT_EXIT, &tmp);
1029 		if (err < 0) {
1030 			fprintf(stderr, "VM exit on HLT not supported\n");
1031 			exit(4);
1032 		}
1033 		vm_set_capability(ctx, cpu, VM_CAP_HALT_EXIT, 1);
1034 		if (cpu == BSP)
1035 			handler[VM_EXITCODE_HLT] = vmexit_hlt;
1036 	}
1037 
1038 	if (get_config_bool_default("x86.vmexit_on_pause", false)) {
1039 		/*
1040 		 * pause exit support required for this mode
1041 		 */
1042 		err = vm_get_capability(ctx, cpu, VM_CAP_PAUSE_EXIT, &tmp);
1043 		if (err < 0) {
1044 			fprintf(stderr,
1045 			    "SMP mux requested, no pause support\n");
1046 			exit(4);
1047 		}
1048 		vm_set_capability(ctx, cpu, VM_CAP_PAUSE_EXIT, 1);
1049 		if (cpu == BSP)
1050 			handler[VM_EXITCODE_PAUSE] = vmexit_pause;
1051         }
1052 
1053 	if (get_config_bool_default("x86.x2apic", false))
1054 		err = vm_set_x2apic_state(ctx, cpu, X2APIC_ENABLED);
1055 	else
1056 		err = vm_set_x2apic_state(ctx, cpu, X2APIC_DISABLED);
1057 
1058 	if (err) {
1059 		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to set x2apic state (%d)\n", err);
1060 		exit(4);
1061 	}
1062 
1063 	vm_set_capability(ctx, cpu, VM_CAP_ENABLE_INVPCID, 1);
1064 }
1065 
1066 static struct vmctx *
1067 do_open(const char *vmname)
1068 {
1069 	struct vmctx *ctx;
1070 	int error;
1071 	bool reinit, romboot;
1072 #ifndef WITHOUT_CAPSICUM
1073 	cap_rights_t rights;
1074 	const cap_ioctl_t *cmds;
1075 	size_t ncmds;
1076 #endif
1077 
1078 	reinit = romboot = false;
1079 
1080 	if (lpc_bootrom())
1081 		romboot = true;
1082 
1083 	error = vm_create(vmname);
1084 	if (error) {
1085 		if (errno == EEXIST) {
1086 			if (romboot) {
1087 				reinit = true;
1088 			} else {
1089 				/*
1090 				 * The virtual machine has been setup by the
1091 				 * userspace bootloader.
1092 				 */
1093 			}
1094 		} else {
1095 			perror("vm_create");
1096 			exit(4);
1097 		}
1098 	} else {
1099 		if (!romboot) {
1100 			/*
1101 			 * If the virtual machine was just created then a
1102 			 * bootrom must be configured to boot it.
1103 			 */
1104 			fprintf(stderr, "virtual machine cannot be booted\n");
1105 			exit(4);
1106 		}
1107 	}
1108 
1109 	ctx = vm_open(vmname);
1110 	if (ctx == NULL) {
1111 		perror("vm_open");
1112 		exit(4);
1113 	}
1114 
1115 #ifndef WITHOUT_CAPSICUM
1116 	cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_IOCTL, CAP_MMAP_RW);
1117 	if (caph_rights_limit(vm_get_device_fd(ctx), &rights) == -1)
1118 		errx(EX_OSERR, "Unable to apply rights for sandbox");
1119 	vm_get_ioctls(&ncmds);
1120 	cmds = vm_get_ioctls(NULL);
1121 	if (cmds == NULL)
1122 		errx(EX_OSERR, "out of memory");
1123 	if (caph_ioctls_limit(vm_get_device_fd(ctx), cmds, ncmds) == -1)
1124 		errx(EX_OSERR, "Unable to apply rights for sandbox");
1125 	free((cap_ioctl_t *)cmds);
1126 #endif
1127 
1128 	if (reinit) {
1129 		error = vm_reinit(ctx);
1130 		if (error) {
1131 			perror("vm_reinit");
1132 			exit(4);
1133 		}
1134 	}
1135 	error = vm_set_topology(ctx, sockets, cores, threads, maxcpus);
1136 	if (error)
1137 		errx(EX_OSERR, "vm_set_topology");
1138 	return (ctx);
1139 }
1140 
1141 void
1142 spinup_vcpu(struct vmctx *ctx, int vcpu)
1143 {
1144 	int error;
1145 	uint64_t rip;
1146 
1147 	error = vm_get_register(ctx, vcpu, VM_REG_GUEST_RIP, &rip);
1148 	assert(error == 0);
1149 
1150 	fbsdrun_set_capabilities(ctx, vcpu);
1151 	error = vm_set_capability(ctx, vcpu, VM_CAP_UNRESTRICTED_GUEST, 1);
1152 	assert(error == 0);
1153 
1154 	fbsdrun_addcpu(ctx, BSP, vcpu, rip);
1155 }
1156 
1157 static bool
1158 parse_config_option(const char *option)
1159 {
1160 	const char *value;
1161 	char *path;
1162 
1163 	value = strchr(option, '=');
1164 	if (value == NULL || value[1] == '\0')
1165 		return (false);
1166 	path = strndup(option, value - option);
1167 	if (path == NULL)
1168 		err(4, "Failed to allocate memory");
1169 	set_config_value(path, value + 1);
1170 	return (true);
1171 }
1172 
1173 static void
1174 parse_simple_config_file(const char *path)
1175 {
1176 	FILE *fp;
1177 	char *line, *cp;
1178 	size_t linecap;
1179 	unsigned int lineno;
1180 
1181 	fp = fopen(path, "r");
1182 	if (fp == NULL)
1183 		err(4, "Failed to open configuration file %s", path);
1184 	line = NULL;
1185 	linecap = 0;
1186 	lineno = 1;
1187 	for (lineno = 1; getline(&line, &linecap, fp) > 0; lineno++) {
1188 		if (*line == '#' || *line == '\n')
1189 			continue;
1190 		cp = strchr(line, '\n');
1191 		if (cp != NULL)
1192 			*cp = '\0';
1193 		if (!parse_config_option(line))
1194 			errx(4, "%s line %u: invalid config option '%s'", path,
1195 			    lineno, line);
1196 	}
1197 	free(line);
1198 	fclose(fp);
1199 }
1200 
1201 static void
1202 parse_gdb_options(char *optarg)
1203 {
1204 	const char *sport;
1205 	char *colon;
1206 
1207 	if (optarg[0] == 'w') {
1208 		set_config_bool("gdb.wait", true);
1209 		optarg++;
1210 	}
1211 
1212 	colon = strrchr(optarg, ':');
1213 	if (colon == NULL) {
1214 		sport = optarg;
1215 	} else {
1216 		*colon = '\0';
1217 		colon++;
1218 		sport = colon;
1219 		set_config_value("gdb.address", optarg);
1220 	}
1221 
1222 	set_config_value("gdb.port", sport);
1223 }
1224 
1225 static void
1226 set_defaults(void)
1227 {
1228 
1229 	set_config_bool("acpi_tables", false);
1230 	set_config_value("memory.size", "256M");
1231 	set_config_bool("x86.strictmsr", true);
1232 }
1233 
1234 int
1235 main(int argc, char *argv[])
1236 {
1237 	int c, error, err;
1238 	int max_vcpus, memflags;
1239 	struct vmctx *ctx;
1240 	uint64_t rip;
1241 	size_t memsize;
1242 	const char *value, *vmname;
1243 	char *optstr;
1244 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
1245 	char *restore_file;
1246 	struct restore_state rstate;
1247 	int vcpu;
1248 
1249 	restore_file = NULL;
1250 #endif
1251 
1252 	init_config();
1253 	set_defaults();
1254 	progname = basename(argv[0]);
1255 
1256 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
1257 	optstr = "aehuwxACDHIPSWYk:o:p:G:c:s:m:l:K:U:r:";
1258 #else
1259 	optstr = "aehuwxACDHIPSWYk:o:p:G:c:s:m:l:K:U:";
1260 #endif
1261 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, optstr)) != -1) {
1262 		switch (c) {
1263 		case 'a':
1264 			set_config_bool("x86.x2apic", false);
1265 			break;
1266 		case 'A':
1267 			set_config_bool("acpi_tables", true);
1268 			break;
1269 		case 'D':
1270 			set_config_bool("destroy_on_poweroff", true);
1271 			break;
1272 		case 'p':
1273                         if (pincpu_parse(optarg) != 0) {
1274                             errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid vcpu pinning "
1275                                  "configuration '%s'", optarg);
1276                         }
1277 			break;
1278                 case 'c':
1279 			if (topology_parse(optarg) != 0) {
1280 			    errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid cpu topology "
1281 				"'%s'", optarg);
1282 			}
1283 			break;
1284 		case 'C':
1285 			set_config_bool("memory.guest_in_core", true);
1286 			break;
1287 		case 'G':
1288 			parse_gdb_options(optarg);
1289 			break;
1290 		case 'k':
1291 			parse_simple_config_file(optarg);
1292 			break;
1293 		case 'K':
1294 			set_config_value("keyboard.layout", optarg);
1295 			break;
1296 		case 'l':
1297 			if (strncmp(optarg, "help", strlen(optarg)) == 0) {
1298 				lpc_print_supported_devices();
1299 				exit(0);
1300 			} else if (lpc_device_parse(optarg) != 0) {
1301 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid lpc device "
1302 				    "configuration '%s'", optarg);
1303 			}
1304 			break;
1305 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
1306 		case 'r':
1307 			restore_file = optarg;
1308 			break;
1309 #endif
1310 		case 's':
1311 			if (strncmp(optarg, "help", strlen(optarg)) == 0) {
1312 				pci_print_supported_devices();
1313 				exit(0);
1314 			} else if (pci_parse_slot(optarg) != 0)
1315 				exit(4);
1316 			else
1317 				break;
1318 		case 'S':
1319 			set_config_bool("memory.wired", true);
1320 			break;
1321                 case 'm':
1322 			set_config_value("memory.size", optarg);
1323 			break;
1324 		case 'o':
1325 			if (!parse_config_option(optarg))
1326 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid configuration option '%s'", optarg);
1327 			break;
1328 		case 'H':
1329 			set_config_bool("x86.vmexit_on_hlt", true);
1330 			break;
1331 		case 'I':
1332 			/*
1333 			 * The "-I" option was used to add an ioapic to the
1334 			 * virtual machine.
1335 			 *
1336 			 * An ioapic is now provided unconditionally for each
1337 			 * virtual machine and this option is now deprecated.
1338 			 */
1339 			break;
1340 		case 'P':
1341 			set_config_bool("x86.vmexit_on_pause", true);
1342 			break;
1343 		case 'e':
1344 			set_config_bool("x86.strictio", true);
1345 			break;
1346 		case 'u':
1347 			set_config_bool("rtc.use_localtime", false);
1348 			break;
1349 		case 'U':
1350 			set_config_value("uuid", optarg);
1351 			break;
1352 		case 'w':
1353 			set_config_bool("x86.strictmsr", false);
1354 			break;
1355 		case 'W':
1356 			set_config_bool("virtio_msix", false);
1357 			break;
1358 		case 'x':
1359 			set_config_bool("x86.x2apic", true);
1360 			break;
1361 		case 'Y':
1362 			set_config_bool("x86.mptable", false);
1363 			break;
1364 		case 'h':
1365 			usage(0);
1366 		default:
1367 			usage(1);
1368 		}
1369 	}
1370 	argc -= optind;
1371 	argv += optind;
1372 
1373 	if (argc > 1)
1374 		usage(1);
1375 
1376 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
1377 	if (restore_file != NULL) {
1378 		error = load_restore_file(restore_file, &rstate);
1379 		if (error) {
1380 			fprintf(stderr, "Failed to read checkpoint info from "
1381 					"file: '%s'.\n", restore_file);
1382 			exit(1);
1383 		}
1384 		vmname = lookup_vmname(&rstate);
1385 		if (vmname != NULL)
1386 			set_config_value("name", vmname);
1387 	}
1388 #endif
1389 
1390 	if (argc == 1)
1391 		set_config_value("name", argv[0]);
1392 
1393 	vmname = get_config_value("name");
1394 	if (vmname == NULL)
1395 		usage(1);
1396 
1397 	if (get_config_bool_default("config.dump", false)) {
1398 		dump_config();
1399 		exit(1);
1400 	}
1401 
1402 	calc_topolopgy();
1403 	build_vcpumaps();
1404 
1405 	value = get_config_value("memory.size");
1406 	error = vm_parse_memsize(value, &memsize);
1407 	if (error)
1408 		errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid memsize '%s'", value);
1409 
1410 	ctx = do_open(vmname);
1411 
1412 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
1413 	if (restore_file != NULL) {
1414 		guest_ncpus = lookup_guest_ncpus(&rstate);
1415 		memflags = lookup_memflags(&rstate);
1416 		memsize = lookup_memsize(&rstate);
1417 	}
1418 
1419 	if (guest_ncpus < 1) {
1420 		fprintf(stderr, "Invalid guest vCPUs (%d)\n", guest_ncpus);
1421 		exit(1);
1422 	}
1423 #endif
1424 
1425 	max_vcpus = num_vcpus_allowed(ctx);
1426 	if (guest_ncpus > max_vcpus) {
1427 		fprintf(stderr, "%d vCPUs requested but only %d available\n",
1428 			guest_ncpus, max_vcpus);
1429 		exit(4);
1430 	}
1431 
1432 	fbsdrun_set_capabilities(ctx, BSP);
1433 
1434 	memflags = 0;
1435 	if (get_config_bool_default("memory.wired", false))
1436 		memflags |= VM_MEM_F_WIRED;
1437 	if (get_config_bool_default("memory.guest_in_core", false))
1438 		memflags |= VM_MEM_F_INCORE;
1439 	vm_set_memflags(ctx, memflags);
1440 	err = vm_setup_memory(ctx, memsize, VM_MMAP_ALL);
1441 	if (err) {
1442 		fprintf(stderr, "Unable to setup memory (%d)\n", errno);
1443 		exit(4);
1444 	}
1445 
1446 	error = init_msr();
1447 	if (error) {
1448 		fprintf(stderr, "init_msr error %d", error);
1449 		exit(4);
1450 	}
1451 
1452 	init_mem(guest_ncpus);
1453 	init_inout();
1454 	kernemu_dev_init();
1455 	init_bootrom(ctx);
1456 	atkbdc_init(ctx);
1457 	pci_irq_init(ctx);
1458 	ioapic_init(ctx);
1459 
1460 	rtc_init(ctx);
1461 	sci_init(ctx);
1462 
1463 	/*
1464 	 * Exit if a device emulation finds an error in its initilization
1465 	 */
1466 	if (init_pci(ctx) != 0) {
1467 		perror("device emulation initialization error");
1468 		exit(4);
1469 	}
1470 
1471 	/*
1472 	 * Initialize after PCI, to allow a bootrom file to reserve the high
1473 	 * region.
1474 	 */
1475 	if (get_config_bool("acpi_tables"))
1476 		vmgenc_init(ctx);
1477 
1478 	init_gdb(ctx);
1479 
1480 	if (lpc_bootrom()) {
1481 		if (vm_set_capability(ctx, BSP, VM_CAP_UNRESTRICTED_GUEST, 1)) {
1482 			fprintf(stderr, "ROM boot failed: unrestricted guest "
1483 			    "capability not available\n");
1484 			exit(4);
1485 		}
1486 		error = vcpu_reset(ctx, BSP);
1487 		assert(error == 0);
1488 	}
1489 
1490 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
1491 	if (restore_file != NULL) {
1492 		fprintf(stdout, "Pausing pci devs...\r\n");
1493 		if (vm_pause_user_devs(ctx) != 0) {
1494 			fprintf(stderr, "Failed to pause PCI device state.\n");
1495 			exit(1);
1496 		}
1497 
1498 		fprintf(stdout, "Restoring vm mem...\r\n");
1499 		if (restore_vm_mem(ctx, &rstate) != 0) {
1500 			fprintf(stderr, "Failed to restore VM memory.\n");
1501 			exit(1);
1502 		}
1503 
1504 		fprintf(stdout, "Restoring pci devs...\r\n");
1505 		if (vm_restore_user_devs(ctx, &rstate) != 0) {
1506 			fprintf(stderr, "Failed to restore PCI device state.\n");
1507 			exit(1);
1508 		}
1509 
1510 		fprintf(stdout, "Restoring kernel structs...\r\n");
1511 		if (vm_restore_kern_structs(ctx, &rstate) != 0) {
1512 			fprintf(stderr, "Failed to restore kernel structs.\n");
1513 			exit(1);
1514 		}
1515 
1516 		fprintf(stdout, "Resuming pci devs...\r\n");
1517 		if (vm_resume_user_devs(ctx) != 0) {
1518 			fprintf(stderr, "Failed to resume PCI device state.\n");
1519 			exit(1);
1520 		}
1521 	}
1522 #endif
1523 
1524 	error = vm_get_register(ctx, BSP, VM_REG_GUEST_RIP, &rip);
1525 	assert(error == 0);
1526 
1527 	/*
1528 	 * build the guest tables, MP etc.
1529 	 */
1530 	if (get_config_bool_default("x86.mptable", true)) {
1531 		error = mptable_build(ctx, guest_ncpus);
1532 		if (error) {
1533 			perror("error to build the guest tables");
1534 			exit(4);
1535 		}
1536 	}
1537 
1538 	error = smbios_build(ctx);
1539 	assert(error == 0);
1540 
1541 	if (get_config_bool("acpi_tables")) {
1542 		error = acpi_build(ctx, guest_ncpus);
1543 		assert(error == 0);
1544 	}
1545 
1546 	if (lpc_bootrom())
1547 		fwctl_init();
1548 
1549 	/*
1550 	 * Change the proc title to include the VM name.
1551 	 */
1552 	setproctitle("%s", vmname);
1553 
1554 #ifndef WITHOUT_CAPSICUM
1555 	caph_cache_catpages();
1556 
1557 	if (caph_limit_stdout() == -1 || caph_limit_stderr() == -1)
1558 		errx(EX_OSERR, "Unable to apply rights for sandbox");
1559 
1560 	if (caph_enter() == -1)
1561 		errx(EX_OSERR, "cap_enter() failed");
1562 #endif
1563 
1564 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
1565 	if (restore_file != NULL)
1566 		destroy_restore_state(&rstate);
1567 
1568 	/* initialize mutex/cond variables */
1569 	init_snapshot();
1570 
1571 	/*
1572 	 * checkpointing thread for communication with bhyvectl
1573 	 */
1574 	if (init_checkpoint_thread(ctx) < 0)
1575 		printf("Failed to start checkpoint thread!\r\n");
1576 
1577 	if (restore_file != NULL)
1578 		vm_restore_time(ctx);
1579 #endif
1580 
1581 	/* Allocate per-VCPU resources. */
1582 	vmexit = calloc(guest_ncpus, sizeof(*vmexit));
1583 	mt_vmm_info = calloc(guest_ncpus, sizeof(*mt_vmm_info));
1584 
1585 	/*
1586 	 * Add CPU 0
1587 	 */
1588 	fbsdrun_addcpu(ctx, BSP, BSP, rip);
1589 
1590 #ifdef BHYVE_SNAPSHOT
1591 	/*
1592 	 * If we restore a VM, start all vCPUs now (including APs), otherwise,
1593 	 * let the guest OS to spin them up later via vmexits.
1594 	 */
1595 	if (restore_file != NULL) {
1596 		for (vcpu = 0; vcpu < guest_ncpus; vcpu++) {
1597 			if (vcpu == BSP)
1598 				continue;
1599 
1600 			fprintf(stdout, "spinning up vcpu no %d...\r\n", vcpu);
1601 			spinup_vcpu(ctx, vcpu);
1602 		}
1603 	}
1604 #endif
1605 
1606 	/*
1607 	 * Head off to the main event dispatch loop
1608 	 */
1609 	mevent_dispatch();
1610 
1611 	exit(4);
1612 }
1613