xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/arp/arp.c (revision 87bf66d4a7488c496af110d4d05cc0273d49f82e)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1984, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Sun Microsystems, Inc.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 /*
36  * arp - display, set, and delete arp table entries
37  */
38 
39 #include <sys/param.h>
40 #include <sys/file.h>
41 #include <sys/socket.h>
42 #include <sys/sockio.h>
43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
44 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
45 #include <sys/time.h>
46 
47 #include <net/if.h>
48 #include <net/if_dl.h>
49 #include <net/if_types.h>
50 #include <net/route.h>
51 
52 #include <netinet/in.h>
53 #include <netinet/if_ether.h>
54 
55 #include <arpa/inet.h>
56 
57 #include <ctype.h>
58 #include <errno.h>
59 #include <netdb.h>
60 #include <nlist.h>
61 #include <paths.h>
62 #include <stdbool.h>
63 #include <stdio.h>
64 #include <stdlib.h>
65 #include <string.h>
66 #include <strings.h>
67 #include <unistd.h>
68 #include <ifaddrs.h>
69 #include <libxo/xo.h>
70 #include "arp.h"
71 
72 typedef void (action_fn)(struct sockaddr_dl *sdl, struct sockaddr_in *s_in,
73     struct rt_msghdr *rtm);
74 static void nuke_entries(uint32_t ifindex, struct in_addr addr);
75 static int print_entries(uint32_t ifindex, struct in_addr addr);
76 
77 static int delete(char *host);
78 static void usage(void) __dead2;
79 static int set(int argc, char **argv);
80 static int get(char *host);
81 static int file(char *name);
82 static struct rt_msghdr *rtmsg(int cmd,
83     struct sockaddr_in *dst, struct sockaddr_dl *sdl);
84 static int get_ether_addr(in_addr_t ipaddr, struct ether_addr *hwaddr);
85 static int set_rtsock(struct sockaddr_in *dst, struct sockaddr_dl *sdl_m,
86     char *host);
87 
88 struct if_nameindex *ifnameindex;
89 
90 struct arp_opts opts = {};
91 
92 /* which function we're supposed to do */
93 #define F_GET		1
94 #define F_SET		2
95 #define F_FILESET	3
96 #define F_REPLACE	4
97 #define F_DELETE	5
98 
99 #define SETFUNC(f)	{ if (func) usage(); func = (f); }
100 
101 #define ARP_XO_VERSION	"1"
102 
103 int
104 main(int argc, char *argv[])
105 {
106 	int ch, func = 0;
107 	int rtn = 0;
108 
109 	argc = xo_parse_args(argc, argv);
110 	if (argc < 0)
111 		exit(1);
112 
113 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "andfsSi:")) != -1)
114 		switch(ch) {
115 		case 'a':
116 			opts.aflag = true;
117 			break;
118 		case 'd':
119 			SETFUNC(F_DELETE);
120 			break;
121 		case 'n':
122 			opts.nflag = true;
123 			break;
124 		case 'S':
125 			SETFUNC(F_REPLACE);
126 			break;
127 		case 's':
128 			SETFUNC(F_SET);
129 			break;
130 		case 'f' :
131 			SETFUNC(F_FILESET);
132 			break;
133 		case 'i':
134 			opts.rifname = optarg;
135 			break;
136 		case '?':
137 		default:
138 			usage();
139 		}
140 	argc -= optind;
141 	argv += optind;
142 
143 	if (!func)
144 		func = F_GET;
145 	if (opts.rifname) {
146 		if (func != F_GET && func != F_SET && !(func == F_DELETE && opts.aflag))
147 			xo_errx(1, "-i not applicable to this operation");
148 		if ((opts.rifindex = if_nametoindex(opts.rifname)) == 0) {
149 			if (errno == ENXIO)
150 				xo_errx(1, "interface %s does not exist",
151 				    opts.rifname);
152 			else
153 				xo_err(1, "if_nametoindex(%s)", opts.rifname);
154 		}
155 	}
156 	switch (func) {
157 	case F_GET:
158 		if (opts.aflag) {
159 			if (argc != 0)
160 				usage();
161 
162 			xo_set_version(ARP_XO_VERSION);
163 			xo_open_container("arp");
164 			xo_open_list("arp-cache");
165 
166 			struct in_addr all_addrs = {};
167 			print_entries(opts.rifindex, all_addrs);
168 
169 			xo_close_list("arp-cache");
170 			xo_close_container("arp");
171 			if (xo_finish() < 0)
172 				xo_err(1, "stdout");
173 		} else {
174 			if (argc != 1)
175 				usage();
176 			rtn = get(argv[0]);
177 		}
178 		break;
179 	case F_SET:
180 	case F_REPLACE:
181 		if (argc < 2 || argc > 6)
182 			usage();
183 		if (func == F_REPLACE)
184 			(void)delete(argv[0]);
185 		rtn = set(argc, argv) ? 1 : 0;
186 		break;
187 	case F_DELETE:
188 		if (opts.aflag) {
189 			if (argc != 0)
190 				usage();
191 			struct in_addr all_addrs = {};
192 			nuke_entries(0, all_addrs);
193 		} else {
194 			if (argc != 1)
195 				usage();
196 			rtn = delete(argv[0]);
197 		}
198 		break;
199 	case F_FILESET:
200 		if (argc != 1)
201 			usage();
202 		rtn = file(argv[0]);
203 		break;
204 	}
205 
206 	if (ifnameindex != NULL)
207 		if_freenameindex(ifnameindex);
208 
209 	exit(rtn);
210 }
211 
212 /*
213  * Process a file to set standard arp entries
214  */
215 static int
216 file(char *name)
217 {
218 	FILE *fp;
219 	int i, retval;
220 	char line[100], arg[5][50], *args[5], *p;
221 
222 	if ((fp = fopen(name, "r")) == NULL)
223 		xo_err(1, "cannot open %s", name);
224 	args[0] = &arg[0][0];
225 	args[1] = &arg[1][0];
226 	args[2] = &arg[2][0];
227 	args[3] = &arg[3][0];
228 	args[4] = &arg[4][0];
229 	retval = 0;
230 	while(fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp) != NULL) {
231 		if ((p = strchr(line, '#')) != NULL)
232 			*p = '\0';
233 		for (p = line; isblank(*p); p++);
234 		if (*p == '\n' || *p == '\0')
235 			continue;
236 		i = sscanf(p, "%49s %49s %49s %49s %49s", arg[0], arg[1],
237 		    arg[2], arg[3], arg[4]);
238 		if (i < 2) {
239 			xo_warnx("bad line: %s", line);
240 			retval = 1;
241 			continue;
242 		}
243 		if (set(i, args))
244 			retval = 1;
245 	}
246 	fclose(fp);
247 	return (retval);
248 }
249 
250 /*
251  * Given a hostname, fills up a (static) struct sockaddr_in with
252  * the address of the host and returns a pointer to the
253  * structure.
254  */
255 struct sockaddr_in *
256 getaddr(char *host)
257 {
258 	struct hostent *hp;
259 	static struct sockaddr_in reply;
260 
261 	bzero(&reply, sizeof(reply));
262 	reply.sin_len = sizeof(reply);
263 	reply.sin_family = AF_INET;
264 	reply.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(host);
265 	if (reply.sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_NONE) {
266 		if (!(hp = gethostbyname(host))) {
267 			xo_warnx("%s: %s", host, hstrerror(h_errno));
268 			return (NULL);
269 		}
270 		bcopy((char *)hp->h_addr, (char *)&reply.sin_addr,
271 			sizeof reply.sin_addr);
272 	}
273 	return (&reply);
274 }
275 
276 int valid_type(int type);
277 /*
278  * Returns true if the type is a valid one for ARP.
279  */
280 int
281 valid_type(int type)
282 {
283 
284 	switch (type) {
285 	case IFT_ETHER:
286 	case IFT_FDDI:
287 	case IFT_IEEE1394:
288 	case IFT_INFINIBAND:
289 	case IFT_ISO88023:
290 	case IFT_ISO88024:
291 	case IFT_L2VLAN:
292 	case IFT_BRIDGE:
293 		return (1);
294 	default:
295 		return (0);
296 	}
297 }
298 
299 /*
300  * Set an individual arp entry
301  */
302 static int
303 set(int argc, char **argv)
304 {
305 	struct sockaddr_in *dst;	/* what are we looking for */
306 	struct ether_addr *ea;
307 	char *host = argv[0], *eaddr = argv[1];
308 	struct sockaddr_dl sdl_m;
309 
310 	argc -= 2;
311 	argv += 2;
312 
313 	bzero(&sdl_m, sizeof(sdl_m));
314 	sdl_m.sdl_len = sizeof(sdl_m);
315 	sdl_m.sdl_family = AF_LINK;
316 
317 	dst = getaddr(host);
318 	if (dst == NULL)
319 		return (1);
320 	while (argc-- > 0) {
321 		if (strcmp(argv[0], "temp") == 0) {
322 			int max_age;
323 			size_t len = sizeof(max_age);
324 
325 			if (sysctlbyname("net.link.ether.inet.max_age",
326 			    &max_age, &len, NULL, 0) != 0)
327 				xo_err(1, "sysctlbyname");
328 			opts.expire_time = max_age;
329 		} else if (strcmp(argv[0], "pub") == 0) {
330 			opts.flags |= RTF_ANNOUNCE;
331 			if (argc && strcmp(argv[1], "only") == 0) {
332 				/*
333 				 * Compatibility: in pre FreeBSD 8 times
334 				 * the "only" keyword used to mean that
335 				 * an ARP entry should be announced, but
336 				 * not installed into routing table.
337 				 */
338 				argc--; argv++;
339 			}
340 		} else if (strcmp(argv[0], "blackhole") == 0) {
341 			if (opts.flags & RTF_REJECT) {
342 				xo_errx(1, "Choose one of blackhole or reject, "
343 				    "not both.");
344 			}
345 			opts.flags |= RTF_BLACKHOLE;
346 		} else if (strcmp(argv[0], "reject") == 0) {
347 			if (opts.flags & RTF_BLACKHOLE) {
348 				xo_errx(1, "Choose one of blackhole or reject, "
349 				    "not both.");
350 			}
351 			opts.flags |= RTF_REJECT;
352 		} else {
353 			xo_warnx("Invalid parameter '%s'", argv[0]);
354 			usage();
355 		}
356 		argv++;
357 	}
358 	ea = (struct ether_addr *)LLADDR(&sdl_m);
359 	if ((opts.flags & RTF_ANNOUNCE) && !strcmp(eaddr, "auto")) {
360 		if (!get_ether_addr(dst->sin_addr.s_addr, ea)) {
361 			xo_warnx("no interface found for %s",
362 			       inet_ntoa(dst->sin_addr));
363 			return (1);
364 		}
365 		sdl_m.sdl_alen = ETHER_ADDR_LEN;
366 	} else {
367 		struct ether_addr *ea1 = ether_aton(eaddr);
368 
369 		if (ea1 == NULL) {
370 			xo_warnx("invalid Ethernet address '%s'", eaddr);
371 			return (1);
372 		} else {
373 			*ea = *ea1;
374 			sdl_m.sdl_alen = ETHER_ADDR_LEN;
375 		}
376 	}
377 #ifndef WITHOUT_NETLINK
378 	return (set_nl(opts.rifindex, dst, &sdl_m, host));
379 #else
380 	return (set_rtsock(dst, &sdl_m, host));
381 #endif
382 }
383 
384 #ifdef WITHOUT_NETLINK
385 static int
386 set_rtsock(struct sockaddr_in *dst, struct sockaddr_dl *sdl_m, char *host)
387 {
388 	struct sockaddr_in *addr;
389 	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
390 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
391 
392 	/*
393 	 * In the case a proxy-arp entry is being added for
394 	 * a remote end point, the RTF_ANNOUNCE flag in the
395 	 * RTM_GET command is an indication to the kernel
396 	 * routing code that the interface associated with
397 	 * the prefix route covering the local end of the
398 	 * PPP link should be returned, on which ARP applies.
399 	 */
400 	rtm = rtmsg(RTM_GET, dst, NULL);
401 	if (rtm == NULL) {
402 		xo_warn("%s", host);
403 		return (1);
404 	}
405 	addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)(rtm + 1);
406 	sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(SA_SIZE(addr) + (char *)addr);
407 
408 	if ((sdl->sdl_family != AF_LINK) ||
409 	    (rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) ||
410 	    !valid_type(sdl->sdl_type)) {
411 		xo_warnx("cannot intuit interface index and type for %s", host);
412 		return (1);
413 	}
414 	sdl_m->sdl_type = sdl->sdl_type;
415 	sdl_m->sdl_index = sdl->sdl_index;
416 	return (rtmsg(RTM_ADD, dst, sdl_m) == NULL);
417 }
418 #endif
419 
420 /*
421  * Display an individual arp entry
422  */
423 static int
424 get(char *host)
425 {
426 	struct sockaddr_in *addr;
427 	int found;
428 
429 	addr = getaddr(host);
430 	if (addr == NULL)
431 		return (1);
432 
433 	xo_set_version(ARP_XO_VERSION);
434 	xo_open_container("arp");
435 	xo_open_list("arp-cache");
436 
437 	found = print_entries(opts.rifindex, addr->sin_addr);
438 
439 	if (found == 0) {
440 		xo_emit("{d:hostname/%s} ({d:ip-address/%s}) -- no entry",
441 		    host, inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
442 		if (opts.rifname)
443 			xo_emit(" on {d:interface/%s}", opts.rifname);
444 		xo_emit("\n");
445 	}
446 
447 	xo_close_list("arp-cache");
448 	xo_close_container("arp");
449 	if (xo_finish() < 0)
450 		xo_err(1, "stdout");
451 
452 	return (found == 0);
453 }
454 
455 /*
456  * Delete an arp entry
457  */
458 #ifdef WITHOUT_NETLINK
459 static int
460 delete_rtsock(char *host)
461 {
462 	struct sockaddr_in *addr, *dst;
463 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
464 	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
465 
466 	dst = getaddr(host);
467 	if (dst == NULL)
468 		return (1);
469 
470 	/*
471 	 * Perform a regular entry delete first.
472 	 */
473 	opts.flags &= ~RTF_ANNOUNCE;
474 
475 	for (;;) {	/* try twice */
476 		rtm = rtmsg(RTM_GET, dst, NULL);
477 		if (rtm == NULL) {
478 			xo_warn("%s", host);
479 			return (1);
480 		}
481 		addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)(rtm + 1);
482 		sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(SA_SIZE(addr) + (char *)addr);
483 
484 		/*
485 		 * With the new L2/L3 restructure, the route
486 		 * returned is a prefix route. The important
487 		 * piece of information from the previous
488 		 * RTM_GET is the interface index. In the
489 		 * case of ECMP, the kernel will traverse
490 		 * the route group for the given entry.
491 		 */
492 		if (sdl->sdl_family == AF_LINK &&
493 		    !(rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) &&
494 		    valid_type(sdl->sdl_type) ) {
495 			addr->sin_addr.s_addr = dst->sin_addr.s_addr;
496 			break;
497 		}
498 
499 		/*
500 		 * Regular entry delete failed, now check if there
501 		 * is a proxy-arp entry to remove.
502 		 */
503 		if (opts.flags & RTF_ANNOUNCE) {
504 			xo_warnx("delete: cannot locate %s", host);
505 			return (1);
506 		}
507 
508 		opts.flags |= RTF_ANNOUNCE;
509 	}
510 	rtm->rtm_flags |= RTF_LLDATA;
511 	if (rtmsg(RTM_DELETE, dst, NULL) != NULL) {
512 		printf("%s (%s) deleted\n", host, inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
513 		return (0);
514 	}
515 	return (1);
516 }
517 #endif
518 
519 static int
520 delete(char *host)
521 {
522 #ifdef WITHOUT_NETLINK
523 	return (delete_rtsock(host));
524 #else
525 	return (delete_nl(0, host));
526 #endif
527 }
528 
529 
530 /*
531  * Search the arp table and do some action on matching entries
532  */
533 static int
534 search(u_long addr, action_fn *action)
535 {
536 	int mib[6];
537 	size_t needed;
538 	char *lim, *buf, *next;
539 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
540 	struct sockaddr_in *sin2;
541 	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
542 	int st, found_entry = 0;
543 
544 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
545 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
546 	mib[2] = 0;
547 	mib[3] = AF_INET;
548 	mib[4] = NET_RT_FLAGS;
549 #ifdef RTF_LLINFO
550 	mib[5] = RTF_LLINFO;
551 #else
552 	mib[5] = 0;
553 #endif
554 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
555 		xo_err(1, "route-sysctl-estimate");
556 	if (needed == 0)	/* empty table */
557 		return 0;
558 	buf = NULL;
559 	for (;;) {
560 		buf = reallocf(buf, needed);
561 		if (buf == NULL)
562 			xo_errx(1, "could not reallocate memory");
563 		st = sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0);
564 		if (st == 0 || errno != ENOMEM)
565 			break;
566 		needed += needed / 8;
567 	}
568 	if (st == -1)
569 		xo_err(1, "actual retrieval of routing table");
570 	lim = buf + needed;
571 	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
572 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
573 		sin2 = (struct sockaddr_in *)(rtm + 1);
574 		sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)((char *)sin2 + SA_SIZE(sin2));
575 		if (opts.rifindex &&
576 		    (opts.rifindex != sdl->sdl_index))
577 			continue;
578 		if (addr &&
579 		    (addr != sin2->sin_addr.s_addr))
580 			continue;
581 		found_entry = 1;
582 		(*action)(sdl, sin2, rtm);
583 	}
584 	free(buf);
585 	return (found_entry);
586 }
587 
588 /*
589  * Display an arp entry
590  */
591 
592 static void
593 print_entry(struct sockaddr_dl *sdl,
594 	struct sockaddr_in *addr, struct rt_msghdr *rtm)
595 {
596 	const char *host;
597 	struct hostent *hp;
598 	struct if_nameindex *p;
599 
600 	if (ifnameindex == NULL)
601 		if ((ifnameindex = if_nameindex()) == NULL)
602 			xo_err(1, "cannot retrieve interface names");
603 
604 	xo_open_instance("arp-cache");
605 
606 	if (!opts.nflag)
607 		hp = gethostbyaddr((caddr_t)&(addr->sin_addr),
608 		    sizeof addr->sin_addr, AF_INET);
609 	else
610 		hp = 0;
611 	if (hp)
612 		host = hp->h_name;
613 	else {
614 		host = "?";
615 		if (h_errno == TRY_AGAIN)
616 			opts.nflag = true;
617 	}
618 	xo_emit("{:hostname/%s} ({:ip-address/%s}) at ", host,
619 	    inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
620 	if (sdl->sdl_alen) {
621 		if ((sdl->sdl_type == IFT_ETHER ||
622 		    sdl->sdl_type == IFT_L2VLAN ||
623 		    sdl->sdl_type == IFT_BRIDGE) &&
624 		    sdl->sdl_alen == ETHER_ADDR_LEN)
625 			xo_emit("{:mac-address/%s}",
626 			    ether_ntoa((struct ether_addr *)LLADDR(sdl)));
627 		else {
628 			int n = sdl->sdl_nlen > 0 ? sdl->sdl_nlen + 1 : 0;
629 
630 			xo_emit("{:mac-address/%s}", link_ntoa(sdl) + n);
631 		}
632 	} else
633 		xo_emit("{d:/(incomplete)}{en:incomplete/true}");
634 
635 	for (p = ifnameindex; p && p->if_index && p->if_name; p++) {
636 		if (p->if_index == sdl->sdl_index) {
637 			xo_emit(" on {:interface/%s}", p->if_name);
638 			break;
639 		}
640 	}
641 
642 	if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire == 0)
643 		xo_emit("{d:/ permanent}{en:permanent/true}");
644 	else {
645 		static struct timespec tp;
646 		time_t expire_time = 0;
647 
648 		if (tp.tv_sec == 0)
649 			clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tp);
650 		if ((expire_time = rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire - tp.tv_sec) > 0)
651 			xo_emit(" expires in {:expires/%d} seconds",
652 			    (int)expire_time);
653 		else
654 			xo_emit("{d:/ expired}{en:expired/true}");
655 	}
656 
657 	if (rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_ANNOUNCE)
658 		xo_emit("{d:/ published}{en:published/true}");
659 
660 	switch(sdl->sdl_type) {
661 	case IFT_ETHER:
662 		xo_emit(" [{:type/ethernet}]");
663 		break;
664 	case IFT_FDDI:
665 		xo_emit(" [{:type/fddi}]");
666 		break;
667 	case IFT_ATM:
668 		xo_emit(" [{:type/atm}]");
669 		break;
670 	case IFT_L2VLAN:
671 		xo_emit(" [{:type/vlan}]");
672 		break;
673 	case IFT_IEEE1394:
674 		xo_emit(" [{:type/firewire}]");
675 		break;
676 	case IFT_BRIDGE:
677 		xo_emit(" [{:type/bridge}]");
678 		break;
679 	case IFT_INFINIBAND:
680 		xo_emit(" [{:type/infiniband}]");
681 		break;
682 	default:
683 		break;
684 	}
685 
686 	xo_emit("\n");
687 
688 	xo_close_instance("arp-cache");
689 }
690 
691 static int
692 print_entries(uint32_t ifindex, struct in_addr addr)
693 {
694 #ifndef WITHOUT_NETLINK
695 	return (print_entries_nl(ifindex, addr));
696 #else
697 	return (search(addr.s_addr, print_entry));
698 #endif
699 }
700 
701 
702 /*
703  * Nuke an arp entry
704  */
705 static void
706 nuke_entry(struct sockaddr_dl *sdl __unused,
707 	struct sockaddr_in *addr, struct rt_msghdr *rtm)
708 {
709 	char ip[20];
710 
711 	if (rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_PINNED)
712 		return;
713 
714 	snprintf(ip, sizeof(ip), "%s", inet_ntoa(addr->sin_addr));
715 	delete(ip);
716 }
717 
718 static void
719 nuke_entries(uint32_t ifindex, struct in_addr addr)
720 {
721 	search(addr.s_addr, nuke_entry);
722 }
723 
724 static void
725 usage(void)
726 {
727 	xo_error("%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
728 	    "usage: arp [-n] [-i interface] hostname",
729 	    "       arp [-n] [-i interface] -a",
730 	    "       arp -d hostname [pub]",
731 	    "       arp -d [-i interface] -a",
732 	    "       arp -s hostname ether_addr [temp] [reject | blackhole] [pub [only]]",
733 	    "       arp -S hostname ether_addr [temp] [reject | blackhole] [pub [only]]",
734 	    "       arp -f filename");
735 	exit(1);
736 }
737 
738 static struct rt_msghdr *
739 rtmsg(int cmd, struct sockaddr_in *dst, struct sockaddr_dl *sdl)
740 {
741 	static int seq;
742 	int rlen;
743 	int l;
744 	static int s = -1;
745 	static pid_t pid;
746 
747 	static struct	{
748 		struct	rt_msghdr m_rtm;
749 		char	m_space[512];
750 	}	m_rtmsg;
751 
752 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm = &m_rtmsg.m_rtm;
753 	char *cp = m_rtmsg.m_space;
754 
755 	if (s < 0) {	/* first time: open socket, get pid */
756 		s = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
757 		if (s < 0)
758 			xo_err(1, "socket");
759 		pid = getpid();
760 	}
761 
762 	errno = 0;
763 	/*
764 	 * XXX RTM_DELETE relies on a previous RTM_GET to fill the buffer
765 	 * appropriately.
766 	 */
767 	if (cmd == RTM_DELETE)
768 		goto doit;
769 	bzero((char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
770 	rtm->rtm_flags = opts.flags;
771 	rtm->rtm_version = RTM_VERSION;
772 
773 	switch (cmd) {
774 	default:
775 		xo_errx(1, "internal wrong cmd");
776 	case RTM_ADD:
777 		rtm->rtm_addrs |= RTA_GATEWAY;
778 		if (opts.expire_time != 0) {
779 			struct timespec tp;
780 
781 			clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tp);
782 			rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire = opts.expire_time + tp.tv_sec;
783 		}
784 		rtm->rtm_inits = RTV_EXPIRE;
785 		rtm->rtm_flags |= (RTF_HOST | RTF_STATIC | RTF_LLDATA);
786 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
787 	case RTM_GET:
788 		rtm->rtm_addrs |= RTA_DST;
789 	}
790 #define NEXTADDR(w, s)						\
791 	do {							\
792 		if ((s) != NULL && rtm->rtm_addrs & (w)) {	\
793 			bcopy((s), cp, sizeof(*(s)));		\
794 			cp += SA_SIZE(s);			\
795 		}						\
796 	} while (0)
797 
798 	NEXTADDR(RTA_DST, dst);
799 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GATEWAY, sdl);
800 
801 	rtm->rtm_msglen = cp - (char *)&m_rtmsg;
802 doit:
803 	l = rtm->rtm_msglen;
804 	rtm->rtm_seq = ++seq;
805 	rtm->rtm_type = cmd;
806 	if ((rlen = write(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, l)) < 0) {
807 		if (errno != ESRCH || cmd != RTM_DELETE) {
808 			xo_warn("writing to routing socket");
809 			return (NULL);
810 		}
811 	}
812 	do {
813 		l = read(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
814 	} while (l > 0 && (rtm->rtm_type != cmd || rtm->rtm_seq != seq ||
815 	    rtm->rtm_pid != pid));
816 	if (l < 0)
817 		xo_warn("read from routing socket");
818 	return (rtm);
819 }
820 
821 /*
822  * get_ether_addr - get the hardware address of an interface on the
823  * same subnet as ipaddr.
824  */
825 static int
826 get_ether_addr(in_addr_t ipaddr, struct ether_addr *hwaddr)
827 {
828 	struct ifaddrs *ifa, *ifd, *ifas = NULL;
829 	in_addr_t ina, mask;
830 	struct sockaddr_dl *dla;
831 	int retval = 0;
832 
833 	/*
834 	 * Scan through looking for an interface with an Internet
835 	 * address on the same subnet as `ipaddr'.
836 	 */
837 	if (getifaddrs(&ifas) < 0) {
838 		xo_warnx("getifaddrs");
839 		goto done;
840 	}
841 
842 	for (ifa = ifas; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
843 		if (ifa->ifa_addr == NULL || ifa->ifa_netmask == NULL)
844 			continue;
845 		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET)
846 			continue;
847 		/*
848 		 * Check that the interface is up,
849 		 * and not point-to-point or loopback.
850 		 */
851 		if ((ifa->ifa_flags &
852 		    (IFF_UP|IFF_BROADCAST|IFF_POINTOPOINT|
853 		    IFF_LOOPBACK|IFF_NOARP)) != (IFF_UP|IFF_BROADCAST))
854 			continue;
855 		/* Get its netmask and check that it's on the right subnet. */
856 		mask = ((struct sockaddr_in *)
857 			ifa->ifa_netmask)->sin_addr.s_addr;
858 		ina = ((struct sockaddr_in *)
859 			ifa->ifa_addr)->sin_addr.s_addr;
860 		if ((ipaddr & mask) == (ina & mask))
861 			break; /* ok, we got it! */
862 	}
863 	if (ifa == NULL)
864 		goto done;
865 
866 	/*
867 	 * Now scan through again looking for a link-level address
868 	 * for this interface.
869 	 */
870 	for (ifd = ifas; ifd != NULL; ifd = ifd->ifa_next) {
871 		if (ifd->ifa_addr == NULL)
872 			continue;
873 		if (strcmp(ifa->ifa_name, ifd->ifa_name) == 0 &&
874 		    ifd->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_LINK)
875 			break;
876 	}
877 	if (ifd == NULL)
878 		goto done;
879 	/*
880 	 * Found the link-level address - copy it out
881 	 */
882 	dla = (struct sockaddr_dl *)ifd->ifa_addr;
883 	memcpy(hwaddr,  LLADDR(dla), dla->sdl_alen);
884 	printf("using interface %s for proxy with address %s\n", ifa->ifa_name,
885 	    ether_ntoa(hwaddr));
886 	retval = dla->sdl_alen;
887 done:
888 	if (ifas != NULL)
889 		freeifaddrs(ifas);
890 	return (retval);
891 }
892