xref: /freebsd/usr.bin/netstat/main.c (revision 1db64f89363c97858961c4df0b7d02f3223723cf)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993
5  *	Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/param.h>
33 #include <sys/file.h>
34 #ifdef JAIL
35 #include <sys/jail.h>
36 #endif
37 #include <sys/protosw.h>
38 #include <sys/socket.h>
39 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
40 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
41 
42 #include <netinet/in.h>
43 
44 #ifdef NETGRAPH
45 #include <netgraph/ng_socket.h>
46 #endif
47 
48 #include <ctype.h>
49 #include <err.h>
50 #include <errno.h>
51 #ifdef JAIL
52 #include <jail.h>
53 #endif
54 #include <kvm.h>
55 #include <limits.h>
56 #include <netdb.h>
57 #include <nlist.h>
58 #include <paths.h>
59 #include <stdint.h>
60 #include <stdio.h>
61 #include <stdlib.h>
62 #include <stdbool.h>
63 #include <string.h>
64 #include <unistd.h>
65 #include "netstat.h"
66 #include "nl_defs.h"
67 #include <libxo/xo.h>
68 
69 static struct protox {
70 	int	pr_index;		/* index into nlist of cb head */
71 	int	pr_sindex;		/* index into nlist of stat block */
72 	u_char	pr_wanted;		/* 1 if wanted, 0 otherwise */
73 	void	(*pr_cblocks)(u_long, const char *, int, int);
74 					/* control blocks printing routine */
75 	void	(*pr_stats)(u_long, const char *, int, int);
76 					/* statistics printing routine */
77 	void	(*pr_istats)(char *);	/* per/if statistics printing routine */
78 	const char	*pr_name;		/* well-known name */
79 	int	pr_usesysctl;		/* non-zero if we use sysctl, not kvm */
80 	int	pr_protocol;
81 } protox[] = {
82 	{ -1	,	N_TCPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
83 	  tcp_stats,	NULL,		"tcp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
84 	{ -1	,	N_UDPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
85 	  udp_stats,	NULL,		"udp",	1,	IPPROTO_UDP },
86 #ifdef SCTP
87 	{ -1,		N_SCTPSTAT,	1,	sctp_protopr,
88 	  sctp_stats,	NULL,		"sctp",	1,	IPPROTO_SCTP },
89 #endif
90 #ifdef SDP
91 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
92 	 NULL,		NULL,		"sdp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
93 #endif
94 	{ -1	,	-1,		1,	protopr,
95 	  divert_stats,	NULL,		"divert", 1,	0 },
96 	{ -1	,	N_IPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
97 	  ip_stats,	NULL,		"ip",	1,	IPPROTO_RAW },
98 	{ -1	,	N_ICMPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
99 	  icmp_stats,	NULL,		"icmp",	1,	IPPROTO_ICMP },
100 	{ -1	,	N_IGMPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
101 	  igmp_stats,	NULL,		"igmp",	1,	IPPROTO_IGMP },
102 #ifdef IPSEC
103 	{ -1,		N_IPSEC4STAT,	1,	NULL,	/* keep as compat */
104 	  ipsec_stats,	NULL,		"ipsec", 1,	0},
105 	{ -1,		N_AHSTAT,	1,	NULL,
106 	  ah_stats,	NULL,		"ah",	1,	0},
107 	{ -1,		N_ESPSTAT,	1,	NULL,
108 	  esp_stats,	NULL,		"esp",	1,	0},
109 	{ -1,		N_IPCOMPSTAT,	1,	NULL,
110 	  ipcomp_stats,	NULL,		"ipcomp", 1,	0},
111 #endif
112 	{ -1	,	N_PIMSTAT,	1,	protopr,
113 	  pim_stats,	NULL,		"pim",	1,	IPPROTO_PIM },
114 	{ -1,		N_CARPSTATS,	1,	NULL,
115 	  carp_stats,	NULL,		"carp",	1,	0 },
116 #ifdef PF
117 	{ -1,		N_PFSYNCSTATS,	1,	NULL,
118 	  pfsync_stats,	NULL,		"pfsync", 1,	0 },
119 #endif
120 	{ -1,		N_ARPSTAT,	1,	NULL,
121 	  arp_stats,	NULL,		"arp", 1,	0 },
122 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
123 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
124 };
125 
126 #ifdef INET6
127 static struct protox ip6protox[] = {
128 	{ -1	,	N_TCPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
129 	  tcp_stats,	NULL,		"tcp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
130 	{ -1	,	N_UDPSTAT,	1,	protopr,
131 	  udp_stats,	NULL,		"udp",	1,	IPPROTO_UDP },
132 	{ -1	,	N_IP6STAT,	1,	protopr,
133 	  ip6_stats,	ip6_ifstats,	"ip6",	1,	IPPROTO_RAW },
134 	{ -1	,	N_ICMP6STAT,	1,	protopr,
135 	  icmp6_stats,	icmp6_ifstats,	"icmp6", 1,	IPPROTO_ICMPV6 },
136 #ifdef SDP
137 	{ -1,		-1,		1,	protopr,
138 	 NULL,		NULL,		"sdp",	1,	IPPROTO_TCP },
139 #endif
140 #ifdef IPSEC
141 	{ -1,		N_IPSEC6STAT,	1,	NULL,
142 	  ipsec_stats,	NULL,		"ipsec6", 1,	0 },
143 #endif
144 #ifdef notyet
145 	{ -1,		N_PIM6STAT,	1,	NULL,
146 	  pim6_stats,	NULL,		"pim6",	1,	0 },
147 #endif
148 	{ -1,		N_RIP6STAT,	1,	NULL,
149 	  rip6_stats,	NULL,		"rip6",	1,	0 },
150 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
151 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
152 };
153 #endif /*INET6*/
154 
155 #ifdef IPSEC
156 static struct protox pfkeyprotox[] = {
157 	{ -1,		N_PFKEYSTAT,	1,	NULL,
158 	  pfkey_stats,	NULL,		"pfkey", 0,	0 },
159 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
160 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
161 };
162 #endif
163 
164 #ifdef NETGRAPH
165 static struct protox netgraphprotox[] = {
166 	{ N_NGSOCKLIST,	-1,		1,	netgraphprotopr,
167 	  NULL,		NULL,		"ctrl",	0,	0 },
168 	{ N_NGSOCKLIST,	-1,		1,	netgraphprotopr,
169 	  NULL,		NULL,		"data",	0,	0 },
170 	{ -1,		-1,		0,	NULL,
171 	  NULL,		NULL,		NULL,	0,	0 }
172 };
173 #endif
174 
175 static struct protox *protoprotox[] = {
176 					 protox,
177 #ifdef INET6
178 					 ip6protox,
179 #endif
180 #ifdef IPSEC
181 					 pfkeyprotox,
182 #endif
183 					 NULL };
184 
185 static void printproto(struct protox *, const char *, bool *);
186 static void usage(void) __dead2;
187 static struct protox *name2protox(const char *);
188 static struct protox *knownname(const char *);
189 
190 static int kresolve_list(struct nlist *_nl);
191 
192 static kvm_t *kvmd;
193 static char *nlistf = NULL, *memf = NULL;
194 
195 int	Aflag;		/* show addresses of protocol control block */
196 int	aflag;		/* show all sockets (including servers) */
197 static int	Bflag;		/* show information about bpf consumers */
198 int	bflag;		/* show i/f total bytes in/out */
199 int	cflag;		/* show TCP congestion control stack */
200 int	Cflag;		/* show congestion control algo and vars */
201 int	dflag;		/* show i/f dropped packets */
202 int	gflag;		/* show group (multicast) routing or stats */
203 int	hflag;		/* show counters in human readable format */
204 int	iflag;		/* show interfaces */
205 int	Lflag;		/* show size of listen queues */
206 int	mflag;		/* show memory stats */
207 int	noutputs = 0;	/* how much outputs before we exit */
208 int	numeric_addr;	/* show addresses numerically */
209 int	numeric_port;	/* show ports numerically */
210 int	Oflag;		/* show nhgrp objects*/
211 int	oflag;		/* show nexthop objects*/
212 int	Pflag;		/* show TCP log ID */
213 static int pflag;	/* show given protocol */
214 static int	Qflag;		/* show netisr information */
215 int	rflag;		/* show routing tables (or routing stats) */
216 int	Rflag;		/* show flow / RSS statistics */
217 int	sflag;		/* show protocol statistics */
218 int	Wflag;		/* wide display */
219 int	Tflag;		/* TCP Information */
220 int	xflag;		/* extra information, includes all socket buffer info */
221 int	zflag;		/* zero stats */
222 
223 int	interval;	/* repeat interval for i/f stats */
224 
225 char	*interface;	/* desired i/f for stats, or NULL for all i/fs */
226 int	unit;		/* unit number for above */
227 #ifdef JAIL
228 char	*jail_name;	/* desired jail to operate in */
229 #endif
230 
231 static int	af;		/* address family */
232 int	live;		/* true if we are examining a live system */
233 
234 int
235 main(int argc, char *argv[])
236 {
237 	struct protox *tp = NULL;  /* for printing cblocks & stats */
238 	int ch;
239 	int fib = -1;
240 	char *endptr;
241 	bool first = true;
242 #ifdef JAIL
243 	int jid;
244 #endif
245 
246 	af = AF_UNSPEC;
247 
248 	argc = xo_parse_args(argc, argv);
249 	if (argc < 0)
250 		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
251 
252 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "46AaBbCcdF:f:ghI:ij:LlM:mN:nOoPp:Qq:RrSTsuWw:xz"))
253 	    != -1)
254 		switch(ch) {
255 		case '4':
256 #ifdef INET
257 			af = AF_INET;
258 #else
259 			errx(1, "IPv4 support is not compiled in");
260 #endif
261 			break;
262 		case '6':
263 #ifdef INET6
264 			af = AF_INET6;
265 #else
266 			errx(1, "IPv6 support is not compiled in");
267 #endif
268 			break;
269 		case 'A':
270 			Aflag = 1;
271 			break;
272 		case 'a':
273 			aflag = 1;
274 			break;
275 		case 'B':
276 			Bflag = 1;
277 			break;
278 		case 'b':
279 			bflag = 1;
280 			break;
281 		case 'c':
282 			cflag = 1;
283 			break;
284 		case 'C':
285 			Cflag = 1;
286 			break;
287 		case 'd':
288 			dflag = 1;
289 			break;
290 		case 'F':
291 			fib = strtol(optarg, &endptr, 0);
292 			if (*endptr != '\0' ||
293 			    (fib == 0 && (errno == EINVAL || errno == ERANGE)))
294 				xo_errx(1, "%s: invalid fib", optarg);
295 			break;
296 		case 'f':
297 			if (strcmp(optarg, "inet") == 0)
298 				af = AF_INET;
299 #ifdef INET6
300 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "inet6") == 0)
301 				af = AF_INET6;
302 #endif
303 #ifdef IPSEC
304 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "pfkey") == 0)
305 				af = PF_KEY;
306 #endif
307 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "unix") == 0 ||
308 				 strcmp(optarg, "local") == 0)
309 				af = AF_UNIX;
310 #ifdef NETGRAPH
311 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "ng") == 0
312 			    || strcmp(optarg, "netgraph") == 0)
313 				af = AF_NETGRAPH;
314 #endif
315 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "link") == 0)
316 				af = AF_LINK;
317 			else {
318 				xo_errx(1, "%s: unknown address family",
319 				    optarg);
320 			}
321 			break;
322 		case 'g':
323 			gflag = 1;
324 			break;
325 		case 'h':
326 			hflag = 1;
327 			break;
328 		case 'I': {
329 			char *cp;
330 
331 			iflag = 1;
332 			for (cp = interface = optarg; isalpha(*cp); cp++)
333 				continue;
334 			unit = atoi(cp);
335 			break;
336 		}
337 		case 'i':
338 			iflag = 1;
339 			break;
340 		case 'j':
341 #ifdef JAIL
342 			if (optarg == NULL)
343 				usage();
344 			jail_name = optarg;
345 #else
346 			errx(1, "Jail support is not compiled in");
347 #endif
348 			break;
349 		case 'L':
350 			Lflag = 1;
351 			break;
352 		case 'M':
353 			memf = optarg;
354 			break;
355 		case 'm':
356 			mflag = 1;
357 			break;
358 		case 'N':
359 			nlistf = optarg;
360 			break;
361 		case 'n':
362 			numeric_addr = numeric_port = 1;
363 			break;
364 		case 'o':
365 			oflag = 1;
366 			break;
367 		case 'O':
368 			Oflag = 1;
369 			break;
370 		case 'P':
371 			Pflag = 1;
372 			break;
373 		case 'p':
374 			if ((tp = name2protox(optarg)) == NULL) {
375 				xo_errx(1, "%s: unknown or uninstrumented "
376 				    "protocol", optarg);
377 			}
378 			pflag = 1;
379 			break;
380 		case 'Q':
381 			Qflag = 1;
382 			break;
383 		case 'q':
384 			noutputs = atoi(optarg);
385 			if (noutputs != 0)
386 				noutputs++;
387 			break;
388 		case 'r':
389 			rflag = 1;
390 			break;
391 		case 'R':
392 			Rflag = 1;
393 			break;
394 		case 's':
395 			++sflag;
396 			break;
397 		case 'S':
398 			numeric_addr = 1;
399 			break;
400 		case 'u':
401 			af = AF_UNIX;
402 			break;
403 		case 'W':
404 		case 'l':
405 			Wflag = 1;
406 			break;
407 		case 'w':
408 			interval = atoi(optarg);
409 			iflag = 1;
410 			break;
411 		case 'T':
412 			Tflag = 1;
413 			break;
414 		case 'x':
415 			xflag = 1;
416 			break;
417 		case 'z':
418 			zflag = 1;
419 			break;
420 		case '?':
421 		default:
422 			usage();
423 		}
424 	argv += optind;
425 	argc -= optind;
426 
427 #define	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
428 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
429 	if (*argv) {
430 		if (isdigit(**argv)) {
431 			interval = atoi(*argv);
432 			if (interval <= 0)
433 				usage();
434 			++argv;
435 			iflag = 1;
436 		}
437 		if (*argv) {
438 			nlistf = *argv;
439 			if (*++argv)
440 				memf = *argv;
441 		}
442 	}
443 #endif
444 
445 #ifdef JAIL
446 	if (jail_name != NULL) {
447 		jid = jail_getid(jail_name);
448 		if (jid == -1)
449 			errx(1, "Jail not found");
450 		if (jail_attach(jid) != 0)
451 			errx(1, "Cannot attach to jail");
452 	}
453 #endif
454 
455 	/*
456 	 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
457 	 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
458 	 */
459 	live = (nlistf == NULL && memf == NULL);
460 	if (!live) {
461 		if (setgid(getgid()) != 0)
462 			xo_err(-1, "setgid");
463 		/* Load all necessary kvm symbols */
464 		kresolve_list(nl);
465 	}
466 
467 	if (xflag && Tflag)
468 		xo_errx(1, "-x and -T are incompatible, pick one.");
469 
470 	if (Bflag) {
471 		if (!live)
472 			usage();
473 		bpf_stats(interface);
474 		xo_finish();
475 		exit(0);
476 	}
477 	if (mflag) {
478 		if (!live) {
479 			if (kread(0, NULL, 0) == 0)
480 				mbpr(kvmd, nl[N_SFSTAT].n_value);
481 		} else
482 			mbpr(NULL, 0);
483 		xo_finish();
484 		exit(0);
485 	}
486 	if (Qflag) {
487 		if (!live) {
488 			if (kread(0, NULL, 0) == 0)
489 				netisr_stats();
490 		} else
491 			netisr_stats();
492 		xo_finish();
493 		exit(0);
494 	}
495 #if 0
496 	/*
497 	 * Keep file descriptors open to avoid overhead
498 	 * of open/close on each call to get* routines.
499 	 */
500 	sethostent(1);
501 	setnetent(1);
502 #else
503 	/*
504 	 * This does not make sense any more with DNS being default over
505 	 * the files.  Doing a setXXXXent(1) causes a tcp connection to be
506 	 * used for the queries, which is slower.
507 	 */
508 #endif
509 	if (iflag && !sflag) {
510 		xo_open_container("statistics");
511 		intpr(NULL, af);
512 		xo_close_container("statistics");
513 		xo_finish();
514 		exit(0);
515 	}
516 	if (rflag) {
517 		xo_open_container("statistics");
518 		if (sflag) {
519 			if (live) {
520 				kresolve_list(nl);
521 			}
522 			rt_stats();
523 		} else
524 			routepr(fib, af);
525 		xo_close_container("statistics");
526 		xo_finish();
527 		exit(0);
528 	}
529 	if (oflag) {
530 		xo_open_container("statistics");
531 		nhops_print(fib, af);
532 		xo_close_container("statistics");
533 		xo_finish();
534 		exit(0);
535 	}
536 	if (Oflag) {
537 		xo_open_container("statistics");
538 		nhgrp_print(fib, af);
539 		xo_close_container("statistics");
540 		xo_finish();
541 		exit(0);
542 	}
543 
544 
545 
546 	if (gflag) {
547 		xo_open_container("statistics");
548 		if (sflag) {
549 			if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
550 				mrt_stats();
551 #ifdef INET6
552 			if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
553 				mrt6_stats();
554 #endif
555 		} else {
556 			if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
557 				mroutepr();
558 #ifdef INET6
559 			if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
560 				mroute6pr();
561 #endif
562 		}
563 		xo_close_container("statistics");
564 		xo_finish();
565 		exit(0);
566 	}
567 
568 	if (tp) {
569 		xo_open_container("statistics");
570 		printproto(tp, tp->pr_name, &first);
571 		if (!first)
572 			xo_close_list("socket");
573 		xo_close_container("statistics");
574 		xo_finish();
575 		exit(0);
576 	}
577 
578 	xo_open_container("statistics");
579 	if (af == AF_INET || af == AF_UNSPEC)
580 		for (tp = protox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
581 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name, &first);
582 #ifdef INET6
583 	if (af == AF_INET6 || af == AF_UNSPEC)
584 		for (tp = ip6protox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
585 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name, &first);
586 #endif /*INET6*/
587 #ifdef IPSEC
588 	if (af == PF_KEY || af == AF_UNSPEC)
589 		for (tp = pfkeyprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
590 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name, &first);
591 #endif /*IPSEC*/
592 #ifdef NETGRAPH
593 	if (af == AF_NETGRAPH || af == AF_UNSPEC)
594 		for (tp = netgraphprotox; tp->pr_name; tp++)
595 			printproto(tp, tp->pr_name, &first);
596 #endif /* NETGRAPH */
597 	if ((af == AF_UNIX || af == AF_UNSPEC) && !sflag)
598 		unixpr(nl[N_UNP_COUNT].n_value, nl[N_UNP_GENCNT].n_value,
599 		    nl[N_UNP_DHEAD].n_value, nl[N_UNP_SHEAD].n_value,
600 		    nl[N_UNP_SPHEAD].n_value, &first);
601 
602 	if (!first)
603 		xo_close_list("socket");
604 	xo_close_container("statistics");
605 	xo_finish();
606 	exit(0);
607 }
608 
609 static int
610 fetch_stats_internal(const char *sysctlname, u_long off, void *stats,
611     size_t len, kreadfn_t kreadfn, int zero)
612 {
613 	int error;
614 
615 	if (live) {
616 		memset(stats, 0, len);
617 		if (zero)
618 			error = sysctlbyname(sysctlname, NULL, NULL, stats,
619 			    len);
620 		else
621 			error = sysctlbyname(sysctlname, stats, &len, NULL, 0);
622 		if (error == -1 && errno != ENOENT)
623 			xo_warn("sysctl %s", sysctlname);
624 	} else {
625 		if (off == 0)
626 			return (1);
627 		error = kreadfn(off, stats, len);
628 	}
629 	return (error);
630 }
631 
632 int
633 fetch_stats(const char *sysctlname, u_long off, void *stats,
634     size_t len, kreadfn_t kreadfn)
635 {
636 
637 	return (fetch_stats_internal(sysctlname, off, stats, len, kreadfn,
638     zflag));
639 }
640 
641 int
642 fetch_stats_ro(const char *sysctlname, u_long off, void *stats,
643     size_t len, kreadfn_t kreadfn)
644 {
645 
646 	return (fetch_stats_internal(sysctlname, off, stats, len, kreadfn, 0));
647 }
648 
649 /*
650  * Print out protocol statistics or control blocks (per sflag).
651  * If the interface was not specifically requested, and the symbol
652  * is not in the namelist, ignore this one.
653  */
654 static void
655 printproto(struct protox *tp, const char *name, bool *first)
656 {
657 	void (*pr)(u_long, const char *, int, int);
658 	u_long off;
659 	bool doingdblocks = false;
660 
661 	if (sflag) {
662 		if (iflag) {
663 			if (tp->pr_istats)
664 				intpr(tp->pr_istats, af);
665 			else if (pflag)
666 				xo_message("%s: no per-interface stats routine",
667 				    tp->pr_name);
668 			return;
669 		} else {
670 			pr = tp->pr_stats;
671 			if (!pr) {
672 				if (pflag)
673 					xo_message("%s: no stats routine",
674 					    tp->pr_name);
675 				return;
676 			}
677 			if (tp->pr_usesysctl && live)
678 				off = 0;
679 			else if (tp->pr_sindex < 0) {
680 				if (pflag)
681 					xo_message("%s: stats routine doesn't "
682 					    "work on cores", tp->pr_name);
683 				return;
684 			} else
685 				off = nl[tp->pr_sindex].n_value;
686 		}
687 	} else {
688 		doingdblocks = true;
689 		pr = tp->pr_cblocks;
690 		if (!pr) {
691 			if (pflag)
692 				xo_message("%s: no PCB routine", tp->pr_name);
693 			return;
694 		}
695 		if (tp->pr_usesysctl && live)
696 			off = 0;
697 		else if (tp->pr_index < 0) {
698 			if (pflag)
699 				xo_message("%s: PCB routine doesn't work on "
700 				    "cores", tp->pr_name);
701 			return;
702 		} else
703 			off = nl[tp->pr_index].n_value;
704 	}
705 	if (pr != NULL && (off || (live && tp->pr_usesysctl) ||
706 	    af != AF_UNSPEC)) {
707 		if (doingdblocks && *first) {
708 			xo_open_list("socket");
709 			*first = false;
710 		}
711 
712 		(*pr)(off, name, af, tp->pr_protocol);
713 	}
714 }
715 
716 static int
717 kvmd_init(void)
718 {
719 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
720 
721 	if (kvmd != NULL)
722 		return (0);
723 
724 	kvmd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
725 	if (setgid(getgid()) != 0)
726 		xo_err(-1, "setgid");
727 
728 	if (kvmd == NULL) {
729 		xo_warnx("kvm not available: %s", errbuf);
730 		return (-1);
731 	}
732 
733 	return (0);
734 }
735 
736 /*
737  * Resolve symbol list, return 0 on success.
738  */
739 static int
740 kresolve_list(struct nlist *_nl)
741 {
742 
743 	if ((kvmd == NULL) && (kvmd_init() != 0))
744 		return (-1);
745 
746 	if (_nl[0].n_type != 0)
747 		return (0);
748 
749 	if (kvm_nlist(kvmd, _nl) < 0) {
750 		if (nlistf)
751 			xo_errx(1, "%s: kvm_nlist: %s", nlistf,
752 			    kvm_geterr(kvmd));
753 		else
754 			xo_errx(1, "kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kvmd));
755 	}
756 
757 	return (0);
758 }
759 
760 /*
761  * Wrapper of kvm_dpcpu_setcpu().
762  */
763 void
764 kset_dpcpu(u_int cpuid)
765 {
766 
767 	if ((kvmd == NULL) && (kvmd_init() != 0))
768 		xo_errx(-1, "%s: kvm is not available", __func__);
769 
770 	if (kvm_dpcpu_setcpu(kvmd, cpuid) < 0)
771 		xo_errx(-1, "%s: kvm_dpcpu_setcpu(%u): %s", __func__,
772 		    cpuid, kvm_geterr(kvmd));
773 	return;
774 }
775 
776 /*
777  * Read kernel memory, return 0 on success.
778  */
779 int
780 kread(u_long addr, void *buf, size_t size)
781 {
782 
783 	if (kvmd_init() < 0)
784 		return (-1);
785 
786 	if (!buf)
787 		return (0);
788 	if (kvm_read(kvmd, addr, buf, size) != (ssize_t)size) {
789 		xo_warnx("%s", kvm_geterr(kvmd));
790 		return (-1);
791 	}
792 	return (0);
793 }
794 
795 /*
796  * Read single counter(9).
797  */
798 uint64_t
799 kread_counter(u_long addr)
800 {
801 
802 	if (kvmd_init() < 0)
803 		return (-1);
804 
805 	return (kvm_counter_u64_fetch(kvmd, addr));
806 }
807 
808 /*
809  * Read an array of N counters in kernel memory into array of N uint64_t's.
810  */
811 int
812 kread_counters(u_long addr, void *buf, size_t size)
813 {
814 	uint64_t *c;
815 	u_long *counters;
816 	size_t i, n;
817 
818 	if (kvmd_init() < 0)
819 		return (-1);
820 
821 	if (size % sizeof(uint64_t) != 0) {
822 		xo_warnx("kread_counters: invalid counter set size");
823 		return (-1);
824 	}
825 
826 	n = size / sizeof(uint64_t);
827 	if ((counters = malloc(n * sizeof(u_long))) == NULL)
828 		xo_err(-1, "malloc");
829 	if (kread(addr, counters, n * sizeof(u_long)) < 0) {
830 		free(counters);
831 		return (-1);
832 	}
833 
834 	c = buf;
835 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
836 		c[i] = kvm_counter_u64_fetch(kvmd, counters[i]);
837 
838 	free(counters);
839 	return (0);
840 }
841 
842 const char *
843 plural(uintmax_t n)
844 {
845 	return (n != 1 ? "s" : "");
846 }
847 
848 const char *
849 plurales(uintmax_t n)
850 {
851 	return (n != 1 ? "es" : "");
852 }
853 
854 const char *
855 pluralies(uintmax_t n)
856 {
857 	return (n != 1 ? "ies" : "y");
858 }
859 
860 /*
861  * Find the protox for the given "well-known" name.
862  */
863 static struct protox *
864 knownname(const char *name)
865 {
866 	struct protox **tpp, *tp;
867 
868 	for (tpp = protoprotox; *tpp; tpp++)
869 		for (tp = *tpp; tp->pr_name; tp++)
870 			if (strcmp(tp->pr_name, name) == 0)
871 				return (tp);
872 	return (NULL);
873 }
874 
875 /*
876  * Find the protox corresponding to name.
877  */
878 static struct protox *
879 name2protox(const char *name)
880 {
881 	struct protox *tp;
882 	char **alias;			/* alias from p->aliases */
883 	struct protoent *p;
884 
885 	/*
886 	 * Try to find the name in the list of "well-known" names. If that
887 	 * fails, check if name is an alias for an Internet protocol.
888 	 */
889 	if ((tp = knownname(name)) != NULL)
890 		return (tp);
891 
892 	setprotoent(1);			/* make protocol lookup cheaper */
893 	while ((p = getprotoent()) != NULL) {
894 		/* assert: name not same as p->name */
895 		for (alias = p->p_aliases; *alias; alias++)
896 			if (strcmp(name, *alias) == 0) {
897 				endprotoent();
898 				return (knownname(p->p_name));
899 			}
900 	}
901 	endprotoent();
902 	return (NULL);
903 }
904 
905 static void
906 usage(void)
907 {
908 	(void)xo_error("%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
909 "usage: netstat [-j jail] [-46AaCcLnRSTWx] [-f protocol_family | -p protocol]\n"
910 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
911 "       netstat [-j jail] -i | -I interface [-46abdhnW] [-f address_family]\n"
912 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
913 "       netstat [-j jail] -w wait [-I interface] [-46d] [-M core] [-N system]\n"
914 "               [-q howmany]",
915 "       netstat [-j jail] -s [-46sz] [-f protocol_family | -p protocol]\n"
916 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
917 "       netstat [-j jail] -i | -I interface -s [-46s]\n"
918 "               [-f protocol_family | -p protocol] [-M core] [-N system]",
919 "       netstat [-j jail] -m [-M core] [-N system]",
920 "       netstat [-j jail] -B [-z] [-I interface]",
921 "       netstat [-j jail] -r [-46AnW] [-F fibnum] [-f address_family]\n"
922 "               [-M core] [-N system]",
923 "       netstat [-j jail] -rs [-s] [-M core] [-N system]",
924 "       netstat [-j jail] -g [-46W] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]",
925 "       netstat [-j jail] -gs [-46s] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]",
926 "       netstat [-j jail] -Q");
927 	xo_finish();
928 	exit(1);
929 }
930