1.\" $FreeBSD$ 2.\" 3.Dd March 21, 2023 4.Dt LDD 1 5.Os 6.Sh NAME 7.Nm ldd 8.Nd list dynamic object dependencies 9.Sh SYNOPSIS 10.Nm 11.Op Fl a 12.Op Fl f Ar format Op Fl f Ar format 13.Ar program ... 14.Sh DESCRIPTION 15The 16.Nm 17utility displays all shared objects that are needed to run the given program or 18to load the given shared object. 19Contrary to 20.Xr nm 1 , 21the list includes 22.Dq indirect 23dependencies that are the result of needed shared objects which themselves 24depend on yet other shared objects. 25.Pp 26Zero, one or two 27.Fl f 28options may be given. 29The argument is a format string passed to 30.Xr rtld 1 31and allows customization of 32.Nm Ns 's 33output. 34If one is given, it sets 35.Ev LD_TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS_FMT1 . 36If two are given, they set 37.Ev LD_TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS_FMT1 38and 39.Ev LD_TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS_FMT2 , 40respectively. 41See 42.Xr rtld 1 43for details, including a list of recognized conversion characters. 44.Pp 45The 46.Fl a 47option displays the list of all objects that are needed by each loaded 48object. 49.Sh IMPLEMENTATION NOTES 50.Nm 51lists the dependencies of an executable by setting 52.Xr rtld 1 53environment variables and running the executable in a child process. 54If the executable is corrupt or invalid, 55.Nm 56may therefore fail without providing any diagnostic error messages. 57.Sh EXAMPLES 58The following is an example of a shell pipeline which uses the 59.Fl f 60option. 61It will print a report of all ELF binaries in the current directory, 62which link against the old libc.so.6: 63.Dl "find . -type f | xargs file -F ' ' | grep 'ELF.*dynamically' | cut -f1 -d' ' | xargs ldd -f '%A %o\en' | grep -F libc.so.6" 64.Sh SEE ALSO 65.Xr ld 1 , 66.Xr nm 1 , 67.Xr readelf 1 , 68.Xr rtld 1 69.Sh HISTORY 70A 71.Nm 72utility first appeared in SunOS 4.0, it appeared in its current form in 73.Fx 1.1 . 74