1.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 5.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 6.\" 7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9.\" are met: 10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17.\" without specific prior written permission. 18.\" 19.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 30.\" 31.\" @(#)id.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 32.\" $FreeBSD$ 33.\" 34.Dd March 5, 2011 35.Dt ID 1 36.Os 37.Sh NAME 38.Nm id 39.Nd return user identity 40.Sh SYNOPSIS 41.Nm 42.Op Ar user 43.Nm 44.Fl A 45.Nm 46.Fl G Op Fl n 47.Op Ar user 48.Nm 49.Fl M 50.Nm 51.Fl P 52.Op Ar user 53.Nm 54.Fl c 55.Nm 56.Fl g Op Fl nr 57.Op Ar user 58.Nm 59.Fl p 60.Op Ar user 61.Nm 62.Fl u Op Fl nr 63.Op Ar user 64.Sh DESCRIPTION 65The 66.Nm 67utility displays the user and group names and numeric IDs, of the 68calling process, to the standard output. 69If the real and effective IDs are different, both are displayed, 70otherwise only the real ID is displayed. 71.Pp 72If a 73.Ar user 74(login name or user ID) 75is specified, the user and group IDs of that user are displayed. 76In this case, the real and effective IDs are assumed to be the same. 77.Pp 78The options are as follows: 79.Bl -tag -width indent 80.It Fl A 81Display the process audit user ID and other process audit properties, which 82requires privilege. 83.It Fl G 84Display the different group IDs (effective, real and supplementary) 85as white-space separated numbers, in no particular order. 86.It Fl M 87Display the MAC label of the current process. 88.It Fl P 89Display the id as a password file entry. 90.It Fl a 91Ignored for compatibility with other 92.Nm 93implementations. 94.It Fl c 95Display current login class. 96.It Fl g 97Display the effective group ID as a number. 98.It Fl n 99Display the name of the user or group ID for the 100.Fl G , 101.Fl g 102and 103.Fl u 104options instead of the number. 105If any of the ID numbers cannot be mapped into names, the number will be 106displayed as usual. 107.It Fl p 108Make the output human-readable. 109If the user name returned by 110.Xr getlogin 2 111is different from the login name referenced by the user ID, the name 112returned by 113.Xr getlogin 2 114is displayed, preceded by the keyword 115.Dq login . 116The user ID as a name is displayed, preceded by the keyword 117.Dq uid . 118If the effective user ID is different from the real user ID, the real user 119ID is displayed as a name, preceded by the keyword 120.Dq euid . 121If the effective group ID is different from the real group ID, the real group 122ID is displayed as a name, preceded by the keyword 123.Dq rgid . 124The list of groups to which the user belongs is then displayed as names, 125preceded by the keyword 126.Dq groups . 127Each display is on a separate line. 128.It Fl r 129Display the real ID for the 130.Fl g 131and 132.Fl u 133options instead of the effective ID. 134.It Fl u 135Display the effective user ID as a number. 136.El 137.Sh EXIT STATUS 138.Ex -std 139.Sh EXAMPLES 140Show information for the user 141.Ql bob 142as a password file entry: 143.Bd -literal -offset indent 144$ id -P bob 145bob:*:0:0::0:0:Robert:/bob:/usr/local/bin/bash 146.Ed 147.Pp 148Same output as 149.Xr groups 1 for the root user: 150.Bd -literal -offset indent 151$ id -Gn root 152wheel operator 153.Ed 154.Pp 155Show human readable information about 156.Ql alice : 157.Bd -literal -offset indent 158$ id -p alice 159uid alice 160groups alice webcamd vboxusers 161.Ed 162.Pp 163Assuming the user 164.Ql bob 165executed 166.Dq Nm su Fl l 167to simulate a root login, compare the result of the following commands: 168.Bd -literal -offset indent 169# id -un 170root 171# who am i 172bob pts/5 Dec 4 19:51 173.Ed 174.Sh SEE ALSO 175.Xr groups 1 , 176.Xr who 1 177.Sh STANDARDS 178The 179.Nm 180function is expected to conform to 181.St -p1003.2 . 182.Sh HISTORY 183The 184historic 185.Xr groups 1 186command is equivalent to 187.Dq Nm id Fl Gn Op Ar user . 188.Pp 189The 190historic 191.Xr whoami 1 192command is equivalent to 193.Dq Nm id Fl un . 194.Pp 195The 196.Nm 197command appeared in 198.Bx 4.4 . 199