1.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 5.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 6.\" 7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9.\" are met: 10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17.\" without specific prior written permission. 18.\" 19.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 30.\" 31.Dd March 5, 2011 32.Dt ID 1 33.Os 34.Sh NAME 35.Nm id 36.Nd return user identity 37.Sh SYNOPSIS 38.Nm 39.Op Ar user 40.Nm 41.Fl A 42.Nm 43.Fl G Op Fl n 44.Op Ar user 45.Nm 46.Fl M 47.Nm 48.Fl P 49.Op Ar user 50.Nm 51.Fl c 52.Nm 53.Fl g Op Fl nr 54.Op Ar user 55.Nm 56.Fl p 57.Op Ar user 58.Nm 59.Fl u Op Fl nr 60.Op Ar user 61.Sh DESCRIPTION 62The 63.Nm 64utility displays the user and group names and numeric IDs, of the 65calling process, to the standard output. 66If the real and effective IDs are different, both are displayed, 67otherwise only the real ID is displayed. 68.Pp 69If a 70.Ar user 71(login name or user ID) 72is specified, the user and group IDs of that user are displayed. 73In this case, the real and effective IDs are assumed to be the same. 74.Pp 75The options are as follows: 76.Bl -tag -width indent 77.It Fl A 78Display the process audit user ID and other process audit properties, which 79requires privilege. 80.It Fl G 81Display the different group IDs (effective, real and supplementary) 82as white-space separated numbers, in no particular order. 83.It Fl M 84Display the MAC label of the current process. 85.It Fl P 86Display the id as a password file entry. 87.It Fl a 88Ignored for compatibility with other 89.Nm 90implementations. 91.It Fl c 92Display current login class. 93.It Fl g 94Display the effective group ID as a number. 95.It Fl n 96Display the name of the user or group ID for the 97.Fl G , 98.Fl g 99and 100.Fl u 101options instead of the number. 102If any of the ID numbers cannot be mapped into names, the number will be 103displayed as usual. 104.It Fl p 105Make the output human-readable. 106If the user name returned by 107.Xr getlogin 2 108is different from the login name referenced by the user ID, the name 109returned by 110.Xr getlogin 2 111is displayed, preceded by the keyword 112.Dq login . 113The user ID as a name is displayed, preceded by the keyword 114.Dq uid . 115If the effective user ID is different from the real user ID, the real user 116ID is displayed as a name, preceded by the keyword 117.Dq euid . 118If the effective group ID is different from the real group ID, the real group 119ID is displayed as a name, preceded by the keyword 120.Dq rgid . 121The list of groups to which the user belongs is then displayed as names, 122preceded by the keyword 123.Dq groups . 124Each display is on a separate line. 125.It Fl r 126Display the real ID for the 127.Fl g 128and 129.Fl u 130options instead of the effective ID. 131.It Fl u 132Display the effective user ID as a number. 133.El 134.Sh EXIT STATUS 135.Ex -std 136.Sh EXAMPLES 137Show information for the user 138.Ql bob 139as a password file entry: 140.Bd -literal -offset indent 141$ id -P bob 142bob:*:0:0::0:0:Robert:/bob:/usr/local/bin/bash 143.Ed 144.Pp 145Same output as 146.Xr groups 1 for the root user: 147.Bd -literal -offset indent 148$ id -Gn root 149wheel operator 150.Ed 151.Pp 152Show human readable information about 153.Ql alice : 154.Bd -literal -offset indent 155$ id -p alice 156uid alice 157groups alice webcamd vboxusers 158.Ed 159.Pp 160Assuming the user 161.Ql bob 162executed 163.Dq Nm su Fl l 164to simulate a root login, compare the result of the following commands: 165.Bd -literal -offset indent 166# id -un 167root 168# who am i 169bob pts/5 Dec 4 19:51 170.Ed 171.Sh SEE ALSO 172.Xr groups 1 , 173.Xr who 1 174.Sh STANDARDS 175The 176.Nm 177function is expected to conform to 178.St -p1003.2 . 179.Sh HISTORY 180The 181historic 182.Xr groups 1 183command is equivalent to 184.Dq Nm id Fl Gn Op Ar user . 185.Pp 186The 187historic 188.Xr whoami 1 189command is equivalent to 190.Dq Nm id Fl un . 191.Pp 192The 193.Nm 194command appeared in 195.Bx 4.4 . 196