1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1983, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 13 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 14 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 15 * without specific prior written permission. 16 * 17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 18 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 19 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 20 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 21 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 23 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 24 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 25 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 26 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 27 * SUCH DAMAGE. 28 */ 29 30 #ifndef lint 31 static const char copyright[] = 32 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1993\n\ 33 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; 34 #endif /* not lint */ 35 36 #if 0 37 #ifndef lint 38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)gprof.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93"; 39 #endif /* not lint */ 40 #endif 41 42 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 43 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 44 45 #include <err.h> 46 #include <limits.h> 47 #include <stdint.h> 48 #include <string.h> 49 50 #include "gprof.h" 51 52 static int valcmp(const void *, const void *); 53 54 static struct gmonhdr gmonhdr; 55 static int lflag; 56 static int Lflag; 57 58 int 59 main(int argc, char **argv) 60 { 61 char **sp; 62 nltype **timesortnlp; 63 char **defaultEs; 64 65 --argc; 66 argv++; 67 debug = 0; 68 bflag = TRUE; 69 while ( *argv != 0 && **argv == '-' ) { 70 (*argv)++; 71 switch ( **argv ) { 72 case 'a': 73 aflag = TRUE; 74 break; 75 case 'b': 76 bflag = FALSE; 77 break; 78 case 'C': 79 Cflag = TRUE; 80 cyclethreshold = atoi( *++argv ); 81 break; 82 case 'd': 83 dflag = TRUE; 84 setlinebuf(stdout); 85 debug |= atoi( *++argv ); 86 debug |= ANYDEBUG; 87 # ifdef DEBUG 88 printf("[main] debug = %d\n", debug); 89 # else /* not DEBUG */ 90 printf("gprof: -d ignored\n"); 91 # endif /* DEBUG */ 92 break; 93 case 'E': 94 ++argv; 95 addlist( Elist , *argv ); 96 Eflag = TRUE; 97 addlist( elist , *argv ); 98 eflag = TRUE; 99 break; 100 case 'e': 101 addlist( elist , *++argv ); 102 eflag = TRUE; 103 break; 104 case 'F': 105 ++argv; 106 addlist( Flist , *argv ); 107 Fflag = TRUE; 108 addlist( flist , *argv ); 109 fflag = TRUE; 110 break; 111 case 'f': 112 addlist( flist , *++argv ); 113 fflag = TRUE; 114 break; 115 case 'k': 116 addlist( kfromlist , *++argv ); 117 addlist( ktolist , *++argv ); 118 kflag = TRUE; 119 break; 120 case 'K': 121 Kflag = TRUE; 122 break; 123 case 'l': 124 lflag = 1; 125 Lflag = 0; 126 break; 127 case 'L': 128 Lflag = 1; 129 lflag = 0; 130 break; 131 case 's': 132 sflag = TRUE; 133 break; 134 case 'u': 135 uflag = TRUE; 136 break; 137 case 'z': 138 zflag = TRUE; 139 break; 140 } 141 argv++; 142 } 143 if ( *argv != 0 ) { 144 a_outname = *argv; 145 argv++; 146 } else { 147 a_outname = A_OUTNAME; 148 } 149 if ( *argv != 0 ) { 150 gmonname = *argv; 151 argv++; 152 } else { 153 gmonname = (char *) malloc(strlen(a_outname)+6); 154 strcpy(gmonname, a_outname); 155 strcat(gmonname, ".gmon"); 156 } 157 /* 158 * get information from the executable file. 159 */ 160 if ((Kflag && kernel_getnfile(a_outname, &defaultEs) == -1) || 161 (!Kflag && elf_getnfile(a_outname, &defaultEs) == -1 && 162 aout_getnfile(a_outname, &defaultEs) == -1)) 163 errx(1, "%s: bad format", a_outname); 164 /* 165 * sort symbol table. 166 */ 167 qsort(nl, nname, sizeof(nltype), valcmp); 168 /* 169 * turn off default functions 170 */ 171 for ( sp = defaultEs ; *sp ; sp++ ) { 172 Eflag = TRUE; 173 addlist( Elist , *sp ); 174 eflag = TRUE; 175 addlist( elist , *sp ); 176 } 177 /* 178 * get information about mon.out file(s). 179 */ 180 do { 181 getpfile( gmonname ); 182 if ( *argv != 0 ) { 183 gmonname = *argv; 184 } 185 } while ( *argv++ != 0 ); 186 /* 187 * how many ticks per second? 188 * if we can't tell, report time in ticks. 189 */ 190 if (hz == 0) { 191 hz = 1; 192 fprintf(stderr, "time is in ticks, not seconds\n"); 193 } 194 /* 195 * dump out a gmon.sum file if requested 196 */ 197 if ( sflag ) { 198 dumpsum( GMONSUM ); 199 } 200 /* 201 * assign samples to procedures 202 */ 203 asgnsamples(); 204 /* 205 * assemble the dynamic profile 206 */ 207 timesortnlp = doarcs(); 208 /* 209 * print the dynamic profile 210 */ 211 if(!lflag) { 212 printgprof( timesortnlp ); 213 } 214 /* 215 * print the flat profile 216 */ 217 if(!Lflag) { 218 printprof(); 219 } 220 /* 221 * print the index 222 */ 223 printindex(); 224 exit(0); 225 } 226 227 /* 228 * information from a gmon.out file is in two parts: 229 * an array of sampling hits within pc ranges, 230 * and the arcs. 231 */ 232 void 233 getpfile(char *filename) 234 { 235 FILE *pfile; 236 struct rawarc arc; 237 238 pfile = openpfile(filename); 239 readsamples(pfile); 240 /* 241 * the rest of the file consists of 242 * a bunch of <from,self,count> tuples. 243 */ 244 while ( fread( &arc , sizeof arc , 1 , pfile ) == 1 ) { 245 # ifdef DEBUG 246 if ( debug & SAMPLEDEBUG ) { 247 printf( "[getpfile] frompc 0x%lx selfpc 0x%lx count %ld\n" , 248 arc.raw_frompc , arc.raw_selfpc , arc.raw_count ); 249 } 250 # endif /* DEBUG */ 251 /* 252 * add this arc 253 */ 254 tally( &arc ); 255 } 256 fclose(pfile); 257 } 258 259 FILE * 260 openpfile(char *filename) 261 { 262 struct gmonhdr tmp; 263 FILE *pfile; 264 int size; 265 int rate; 266 267 if((pfile = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) 268 err(1, "%s", filename); 269 fread(&tmp, sizeof(struct gmonhdr), 1, pfile); 270 if ( s_highpc != 0 && ( tmp.lpc != gmonhdr.lpc || 271 tmp.hpc != gmonhdr.hpc || tmp.ncnt != gmonhdr.ncnt ) ) 272 errx(1, "%s: incompatible with first gmon file", filename); 273 gmonhdr = tmp; 274 if ( gmonhdr.version == GMONVERSION ) { 275 rate = gmonhdr.profrate; 276 size = sizeof(struct gmonhdr); 277 } else { 278 fseek(pfile, sizeof(struct ophdr), SEEK_SET); 279 size = sizeof(struct ophdr); 280 gmonhdr.profrate = rate = hertz(); 281 gmonhdr.version = GMONVERSION; 282 } 283 if (hz == 0) { 284 hz = rate; 285 } else if (hz != rate) 286 errx(0, "%s: profile clock rate (%d) %s (%ld) in first gmon file", 287 filename, rate, "incompatible with clock rate", hz); 288 if ( gmonhdr.histcounter_type == 0 ) { 289 /* Historical case. The type was u_short (2 bytes in practice). */ 290 histcounter_type = 16; 291 histcounter_size = 2; 292 } else { 293 histcounter_type = gmonhdr.histcounter_type; 294 histcounter_size = abs(histcounter_type) / CHAR_BIT; 295 } 296 s_lowpc = (unsigned long) gmonhdr.lpc; 297 s_highpc = (unsigned long) gmonhdr.hpc; 298 lowpc = (unsigned long)gmonhdr.lpc / HISTORICAL_SCALE_2; 299 highpc = (unsigned long)gmonhdr.hpc / HISTORICAL_SCALE_2; 300 sampbytes = gmonhdr.ncnt - size; 301 nsamples = sampbytes / histcounter_size; 302 # ifdef DEBUG 303 if ( debug & SAMPLEDEBUG ) { 304 printf( "[openpfile] hdr.lpc 0x%lx hdr.hpc 0x%lx hdr.ncnt %d\n", 305 gmonhdr.lpc , gmonhdr.hpc , gmonhdr.ncnt ); 306 printf( "[openpfile] s_lowpc 0x%lx s_highpc 0x%lx\n" , 307 s_lowpc , s_highpc ); 308 printf( "[openpfile] lowpc 0x%lx highpc 0x%lx\n" , 309 lowpc , highpc ); 310 printf( "[openpfile] sampbytes %d nsamples %d\n" , 311 sampbytes , nsamples ); 312 printf( "[openpfile] sample rate %ld\n" , hz ); 313 } 314 # endif /* DEBUG */ 315 return(pfile); 316 } 317 318 void 319 tally(struct rawarc *rawp) 320 { 321 nltype *parentp; 322 nltype *childp; 323 324 parentp = nllookup( rawp -> raw_frompc ); 325 childp = nllookup( rawp -> raw_selfpc ); 326 if ( parentp == 0 || childp == 0 ) 327 return; 328 if ( kflag 329 && onlist( kfromlist , parentp -> name ) 330 && onlist( ktolist , childp -> name ) ) { 331 return; 332 } 333 childp -> ncall += rawp -> raw_count; 334 # ifdef DEBUG 335 if ( debug & TALLYDEBUG ) { 336 printf( "[tally] arc from %s to %s traversed %ld times\n" , 337 parentp -> name , childp -> name , rawp -> raw_count ); 338 } 339 # endif /* DEBUG */ 340 addarc( parentp , childp , rawp -> raw_count ); 341 } 342 343 /* 344 * dump out the gmon.sum file 345 */ 346 void 347 dumpsum(const char *sumfile) 348 { 349 register nltype *nlp; 350 register arctype *arcp; 351 struct rawarc arc; 352 FILE *sfile; 353 354 if ( ( sfile = fopen ( sumfile , "w" ) ) == NULL ) 355 err( 1 , "%s" , sumfile ); 356 /* 357 * dump the header; use the last header read in 358 */ 359 if ( fwrite( &gmonhdr , sizeof gmonhdr , 1 , sfile ) != 1 ) 360 err( 1 , "%s" , sumfile ); 361 /* 362 * dump the samples 363 */ 364 if (fwrite(samples, histcounter_size, nsamples, sfile) != nsamples) 365 err( 1 , "%s" , sumfile ); 366 /* 367 * dump the normalized raw arc information 368 */ 369 for ( nlp = nl ; nlp < npe ; nlp++ ) { 370 for ( arcp = nlp -> children ; arcp ; arcp = arcp -> arc_childlist ) { 371 arc.raw_frompc = arcp -> arc_parentp -> value; 372 arc.raw_selfpc = arcp -> arc_childp -> value; 373 arc.raw_count = arcp -> arc_count; 374 if ( fwrite ( &arc , sizeof arc , 1 , sfile ) != 1 ) 375 err( 1 , "%s" , sumfile ); 376 # ifdef DEBUG 377 if ( debug & SAMPLEDEBUG ) { 378 printf( "[dumpsum] frompc 0x%lx selfpc 0x%lx count %ld\n" , 379 arc.raw_frompc , arc.raw_selfpc , arc.raw_count ); 380 } 381 # endif /* DEBUG */ 382 } 383 } 384 fclose( sfile ); 385 } 386 387 static int 388 valcmp(const void *v1, const void *v2) 389 { 390 const nltype *p1 = (const nltype *)v1; 391 const nltype *p2 = (const nltype *)v2; 392 393 if ( p1 -> value < p2 -> value ) { 394 return LESSTHAN; 395 } 396 if ( p1 -> value > p2 -> value ) { 397 return GREATERTHAN; 398 } 399 return EQUALTO; 400 } 401 402 void 403 readsamples(FILE *pfile) 404 { 405 int i; 406 intmax_t sample; 407 408 if (samples == 0) { 409 samples = (double *) calloc(nsamples, sizeof(double)); 410 if (samples == NULL) 411 errx(0, "no room for %d sample pc's", nsamples); 412 } 413 for (i = 0; i < nsamples; i++) { 414 fread(&sample, histcounter_size, 1, pfile); 415 if (feof(pfile)) 416 break; 417 switch ( histcounter_type ) { 418 case -8: 419 samples[i] += *(int8_t *)&sample; 420 break; 421 case 8: 422 samples[i] += *(u_int8_t *)&sample; 423 break; 424 case -16: 425 samples[i] += *(int16_t *)&sample; 426 break; 427 case 16: 428 samples[i] += *(u_int16_t *)&sample; 429 break; 430 case -32: 431 samples[i] += *(int32_t *)&sample; 432 break; 433 case 32: 434 samples[i] += *(u_int32_t *)&sample; 435 break; 436 case -64: 437 samples[i] += *(int64_t *)&sample; 438 break; 439 case 64: 440 samples[i] += *(u_int64_t *)&sample; 441 break; 442 default: 443 err(1, "unsupported histogram counter type %d", histcounter_type); 444 } 445 } 446 if (i != nsamples) 447 errx(1, "unexpected EOF after reading %d/%d samples", --i , nsamples ); 448 } 449 450 /* 451 * Assign samples to the procedures to which they belong. 452 * 453 * There are three cases as to where pcl and pch can be 454 * with respect to the routine entry addresses svalue0 and svalue1 455 * as shown in the following diagram. overlap computes the 456 * distance between the arrows, the fraction of the sample 457 * that is to be credited to the routine which starts at svalue0. 458 * 459 * svalue0 svalue1 460 * | | 461 * v v 462 * 463 * +-----------------------------------------------+ 464 * | | 465 * | ->| |<- ->| |<- ->| |<- | 466 * | | | | | | 467 * +---------+ +---------+ +---------+ 468 * 469 * ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 470 * | | | | | | 471 * pcl pch pcl pch pcl pch 472 * 473 * For the vax we assert that samples will never fall in the first 474 * two bytes of any routine, since that is the entry mask, 475 * thus we give call alignentries() to adjust the entry points if 476 * the entry mask falls in one bucket but the code for the routine 477 * doesn't start until the next bucket. In conjunction with the 478 * alignment of routine addresses, this should allow us to have 479 * only one sample for every four bytes of text space and never 480 * have any overlap (the two end cases, above). 481 */ 482 void 483 asgnsamples(void) 484 { 485 register int j; 486 double ccnt; 487 double thetime; 488 unsigned long pcl, pch; 489 register int i; 490 unsigned long overlap; 491 unsigned long svalue0, svalue1; 492 493 /* read samples and assign to namelist symbols */ 494 scale = highpc - lowpc; 495 scale /= nsamples; 496 alignentries(); 497 for (i = 0, j = 1; i < nsamples; i++) { 498 ccnt = samples[i]; 499 if (ccnt == 0) 500 continue; 501 pcl = lowpc + (unsigned long)(scale * i); 502 pch = lowpc + (unsigned long)(scale * (i + 1)); 503 thetime = ccnt; 504 # ifdef DEBUG 505 if ( debug & SAMPLEDEBUG ) { 506 printf( "[asgnsamples] pcl 0x%lx pch 0x%lx ccnt %.0f\n" , 507 pcl , pch , ccnt ); 508 } 509 # endif /* DEBUG */ 510 totime += thetime; 511 for (j = j - 1; j < nname; j++) { 512 svalue0 = nl[j].svalue; 513 svalue1 = nl[j+1].svalue; 514 /* 515 * if high end of tick is below entry address, 516 * go for next tick. 517 */ 518 if (pch < svalue0) 519 break; 520 /* 521 * if low end of tick into next routine, 522 * go for next routine. 523 */ 524 if (pcl >= svalue1) 525 continue; 526 overlap = min(pch, svalue1) - max(pcl, svalue0); 527 if (overlap > 0) { 528 # ifdef DEBUG 529 if (debug & SAMPLEDEBUG) { 530 printf("[asgnsamples] (0x%lx->0x%lx-0x%lx) %s gets %f ticks %lu overlap\n", 531 nl[j].value / HISTORICAL_SCALE_2, 532 svalue0, svalue1, nl[j].name, 533 overlap * thetime / scale, overlap); 534 } 535 # endif /* DEBUG */ 536 nl[j].time += overlap * thetime / scale; 537 } 538 } 539 } 540 # ifdef DEBUG 541 if (debug & SAMPLEDEBUG) { 542 printf("[asgnsamples] totime %f\n", totime); 543 } 544 # endif /* DEBUG */ 545 } 546 547 548 unsigned long 549 min(unsigned long a, unsigned long b) 550 { 551 if (a<b) 552 return(a); 553 return(b); 554 } 555 556 unsigned long 557 max(unsigned long a, unsigned long b) 558 { 559 if (a>b) 560 return(a); 561 return(b); 562 } 563 564 /* 565 * calculate scaled entry point addresses (to save time in asgnsamples), 566 * and possibly push the scaled entry points over the entry mask, 567 * if it turns out that the entry point is in one bucket and the code 568 * for a routine is in the next bucket. 569 */ 570 void 571 alignentries(void) 572 { 573 register struct nl *nlp; 574 unsigned long bucket_of_entry; 575 unsigned long bucket_of_code; 576 577 for (nlp = nl; nlp < npe; nlp++) { 578 nlp -> svalue = nlp -> value / HISTORICAL_SCALE_2; 579 bucket_of_entry = (nlp->svalue - lowpc) / scale; 580 bucket_of_code = (nlp->svalue + OFFSET_OF_CODE / HISTORICAL_SCALE_2 - 581 lowpc) / scale; 582 if (bucket_of_entry < bucket_of_code) { 583 # ifdef DEBUG 584 if (debug & SAMPLEDEBUG) { 585 printf("[alignentries] pushing svalue 0x%lx to 0x%lx\n", 586 nlp->svalue, 587 nlp->svalue + OFFSET_OF_CODE / HISTORICAL_SCALE_2); 588 } 589 # endif /* DEBUG */ 590 nlp->svalue += OFFSET_OF_CODE / HISTORICAL_SCALE_2; 591 } 592 } 593 } 594