xref: /freebsd/sys/netinet/tcp_output.c (revision 7a7741af18d6c8a804cc643cb7ecda9d730c6aa6)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1995
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 #include "opt_inet.h"
34 #include "opt_inet6.h"
35 #include "opt_ipsec.h"
36 #include "opt_kern_tls.h"
37 
38 #include <sys/param.h>
39 #include <sys/systm.h>
40 #include <sys/arb.h>
41 #include <sys/domain.h>
42 #ifdef TCP_HHOOK
43 #include <sys/hhook.h>
44 #endif
45 #include <sys/kernel.h>
46 #ifdef KERN_TLS
47 #include <sys/ktls.h>
48 #endif
49 #include <sys/lock.h>
50 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
51 #include <sys/mutex.h>
52 #include <sys/protosw.h>
53 #include <sys/qmath.h>
54 #include <sys/sdt.h>
55 #include <sys/socket.h>
56 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
57 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
58 #include <sys/stats.h>
59 
60 #include <net/if.h>
61 #include <net/route.h>
62 #include <net/route/nhop.h>
63 #include <net/vnet.h>
64 
65 #include <netinet/in.h>
66 #include <netinet/in_kdtrace.h>
67 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
68 #include <netinet/ip.h>
69 #include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
70 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
71 #include <netinet/ip_options.h>
72 #ifdef INET6
73 #include <netinet6/in6_pcb.h>
74 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
75 #include <netinet6/ip6_var.h>
76 #endif
77 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
78 #define	TCPOUTFLAGS
79 #include <netinet/tcp_fsm.h>
80 #include <netinet/tcp_seq.h>
81 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
82 #include <netinet/tcp_log_buf.h>
83 #include <netinet/tcp_syncache.h>
84 #include <netinet/tcp_timer.h>
85 #include <netinet/tcpip.h>
86 #include <netinet/cc/cc.h>
87 #include <netinet/tcp_fastopen.h>
88 #ifdef TCPPCAP
89 #include <netinet/tcp_pcap.h>
90 #endif
91 #ifdef TCP_OFFLOAD
92 #include <netinet/tcp_offload.h>
93 #endif
94 #include <netinet/tcp_ecn.h>
95 
96 #include <netipsec/ipsec_support.h>
97 
98 #include <netinet/udp.h>
99 #include <netinet/udp_var.h>
100 #include <machine/in_cksum.h>
101 
102 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
103 
104 VNET_DEFINE(int, path_mtu_discovery) = 1;
105 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, path_mtu_discovery, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
106 	&VNET_NAME(path_mtu_discovery), 1,
107 	"Enable Path MTU Discovery");
108 
109 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_do_tso) = 1;
110 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, tso, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
111 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_do_tso), 0,
112 	"Enable TCP Segmentation Offload");
113 
114 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_sendspace) = 1024*32;
115 #define	V_tcp_sendspace	VNET(tcp_sendspace)
116 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_SENDSPACE, sendspace, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
117 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_sendspace), 0, "Initial send socket buffer size");
118 
119 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_do_autosndbuf) = 1;
120 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_auto, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
121 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_do_autosndbuf), 0,
122 	"Enable automatic send buffer sizing");
123 
124 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_autosndbuf_inc) = 8*1024;
125 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_inc, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
126 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_autosndbuf_inc), 0,
127 	"Incrementor step size of automatic send buffer");
128 
129 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_autosndbuf_max) = 2*1024*1024;
130 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_max, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
131 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_autosndbuf_max), 0,
132 	"Max size of automatic send buffer");
133 
134 VNET_DEFINE(int, tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat) = 0;
135 #define	V_tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat	VNET(tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat)
136 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, sendbuf_auto_lowat, CTLFLAG_VNET | CTLFLAG_RW,
137 	&VNET_NAME(tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat), 0,
138 	"Modify threshold for auto send buffer growth to account for SO_SNDLOWAT");
139 
140 /*
141  * Make sure that either retransmit or persist timer is set for SYN, FIN and
142  * non-ACK.
143  */
144 #define TCP_XMIT_TIMER_ASSERT(tp, len, th_flags)			\
145 	KASSERT(((len) == 0 && ((th_flags) & (TH_SYN | TH_FIN)) == 0) ||\
146 	    tcp_timer_active((tp), TT_REXMT) ||				\
147 	    tcp_timer_active((tp), TT_PERSIST),				\
148 	    ("neither rexmt nor persist timer is set"))
149 
150 #ifdef TCP_HHOOK
151 /*
152  * Wrapper for the TCP established output helper hook.
153  */
154 void
155 hhook_run_tcp_est_out(struct tcpcb *tp, struct tcphdr *th,
156     struct tcpopt *to, uint32_t len, int tso)
157 {
158 	struct tcp_hhook_data hhook_data;
159 
160 	if (V_tcp_hhh[HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT]->hhh_nhooks > 0) {
161 		hhook_data.tp = tp;
162 		hhook_data.th = th;
163 		hhook_data.to = to;
164 		hhook_data.len = len;
165 		hhook_data.tso = tso;
166 
167 		hhook_run_hooks(V_tcp_hhh[HHOOK_TCP_EST_OUT], &hhook_data,
168 		    &tp->t_osd);
169 	}
170 }
171 #endif
172 
173 /*
174  * CC wrapper hook functions
175  */
176 void
177 cc_after_idle(struct tcpcb *tp)
178 {
179 	INP_WLOCK_ASSERT(tptoinpcb(tp));
180 
181 	if (CC_ALGO(tp)->after_idle != NULL)
182 		CC_ALGO(tp)->after_idle(&tp->t_ccv);
183 }
184 
185 /*
186  * Tcp output routine: figure out what should be sent and send it.
187  */
188 int
189 tcp_default_output(struct tcpcb *tp)
190 {
191 	struct socket *so = tptosocket(tp);
192 	struct inpcb *inp = tptoinpcb(tp);
193 	int32_t len;
194 	uint32_t recwin, sendwin;
195 	uint16_t flags;
196 	int off, error = 0;	/* Keep compiler happy */
197 	u_int if_hw_tsomaxsegcount = 0;
198 	u_int if_hw_tsomaxsegsize = 0;
199 	struct mbuf *m;
200 	struct ip *ip = NULL;
201 	struct tcphdr *th;
202 	u_char opt[TCP_MAXOLEN];
203 	unsigned ipoptlen, optlen, hdrlen, ulen;
204 	unsigned ipsec_optlen = 0;
205 	int idle, sendalot, curticks;
206 	int sack_rxmit, sack_bytes_rxmt;
207 	struct sackhole *p;
208 	int tso, mtu;
209 	struct tcpopt to;
210 	struct udphdr *udp = NULL;
211 	struct tcp_log_buffer *lgb;
212 	unsigned int wanted_cookie = 0;
213 	unsigned int dont_sendalot = 0;
214 #ifdef INET6
215 	struct ip6_hdr *ip6 = NULL;
216 	const bool isipv6 = (inp->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6) != 0;
217 #endif
218 #ifdef KERN_TLS
219 	const bool hw_tls = tp->t_nic_ktls_xmit != 0;
220 #else
221 	const bool hw_tls = false;
222 #endif
223 
224 	NET_EPOCH_ASSERT();
225 	INP_WLOCK_ASSERT(inp);
226 
227 #ifdef TCP_OFFLOAD
228 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_TOE)
229 		return (tcp_offload_output(tp));
230 #endif
231 
232 	/*
233 	 * For TFO connections in SYN_SENT or SYN_RECEIVED,
234 	 * only allow the initial SYN or SYN|ACK and those sent
235 	 * by the retransmit timer.
236 	 */
237 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FASTOPEN) &&
238 	    ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) ||
239 	    (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED)) &&
240 	    SEQ_GT(tp->snd_max, tp->snd_una) && /* SYN or SYN|ACK sent */
241 	    (tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una))       /* not a retransmit */
242 		return (0);
243 
244 	/*
245 	 * Determine length of data that should be transmitted,
246 	 * and flags that will be used.
247 	 * If there is some data or critical controls (SYN, RST)
248 	 * to send, then transmit; otherwise, investigate further.
249 	 */
250 	idle = (tp->t_flags & TF_LASTIDLE) || (tp->snd_max == tp->snd_una);
251 	if (idle && (((ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= tp->t_rxtcur) ||
252 	    (tp->t_sndtime && ((ticks - tp->t_sndtime) >= tp->t_rxtcur))))
253 		cc_after_idle(tp);
254 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_LASTIDLE;
255 	if (idle) {
256 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_MORETOCOME) {
257 			tp->t_flags |= TF_LASTIDLE;
258 			idle = 0;
259 		}
260 	}
261 again:
262 	/*
263 	 * If we've recently taken a timeout, snd_max will be greater than
264 	 * snd_nxt.  There may be SACK information that allows us to avoid
265 	 * resending already delivered data.  Adjust snd_nxt accordingly.
266 	 */
267 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
268 	    SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
269 		tcp_sack_adjust(tp);
270 	sendalot = 0;
271 	tso = 0;
272 	mtu = 0;
273 	off = tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una;
274 	sendwin = min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd);
275 
276 	flags = tcp_outflags[tp->t_state];
277 	/*
278 	 * Send any SACK-generated retransmissions.  If we're explicitly trying
279 	 * to send out new data (when sendalot is 1), bypass this function.
280 	 * If we retransmit in fast recovery mode, decrement snd_cwnd, since
281 	 * we're replacing a (future) new transmission with a retransmission
282 	 * now, and we previously incremented snd_cwnd in tcp_input().
283 	 */
284 	/*
285 	 * Still in sack recovery , reset rxmit flag to zero.
286 	 */
287 	sack_rxmit = 0;
288 	sack_bytes_rxmt = 0;
289 	len = 0;
290 	p = NULL;
291 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) && IN_FASTRECOVERY(tp->t_flags) &&
292 	    (p = tcp_sack_output(tp, &sack_bytes_rxmt))) {
293 		uint32_t cwin;
294 
295 		cwin =
296 		    imax(min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd) - sack_bytes_rxmt, 0);
297 		/* Do not retransmit SACK segments beyond snd_recover */
298 		if (SEQ_GT(p->end, tp->snd_recover)) {
299 			/*
300 			 * (At least) part of sack hole extends beyond
301 			 * snd_recover. Check to see if we can rexmit data
302 			 * for this hole.
303 			 */
304 			if (SEQ_GEQ(p->rxmit, tp->snd_recover)) {
305 				/*
306 				 * Can't rexmit any more data for this hole.
307 				 * That data will be rexmitted in the next
308 				 * sack recovery episode, when snd_recover
309 				 * moves past p->rxmit.
310 				 */
311 				p = NULL;
312 				goto after_sack_rexmit;
313 			} else {
314 				/* Can rexmit part of the current hole */
315 				len = ((int32_t)ulmin(cwin,
316 				    SEQ_SUB(tp->snd_recover, p->rxmit)));
317 			}
318 		} else {
319 			len = ((int32_t)ulmin(cwin,
320 			    SEQ_SUB(p->end, p->rxmit)));
321 		}
322 		if (len > 0) {
323 			off = SEQ_SUB(p->rxmit, tp->snd_una);
324 			KASSERT(off >= 0,("%s: sack block to the left of una : %d",
325 			    __func__, off));
326 			sack_rxmit = 1;
327 			sendalot = 1;
328 		}
329 	}
330 after_sack_rexmit:
331 	/*
332 	 * Get standard flags, and add SYN or FIN if requested by 'hidden'
333 	 * state flags.
334 	 */
335 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDFIN)
336 		flags |= TH_FIN;
337 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN)
338 		flags |= TH_SYN;
339 
340 	SOCKBUF_LOCK(&so->so_snd);
341 	/*
342 	 * If in persist timeout with window of 0, send 1 byte.
343 	 * Otherwise, if window is small but nonzero
344 	 * and timer expired, we will send what we can
345 	 * and go to transmit state.
346 	 */
347 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) {
348 		if (sendwin == 0) {
349 			/*
350 			 * If we still have some data to send, then
351 			 * clear the FIN bit.  Usually this would
352 			 * happen below when it realizes that we
353 			 * aren't sending all the data.  However,
354 			 * if we have exactly 1 byte of unsent data,
355 			 * then it won't clear the FIN bit below,
356 			 * and if we are in persist state, we wind
357 			 * up sending the packet without recording
358 			 * that we sent the FIN bit.
359 			 *
360 			 * We can't just blindly clear the FIN bit,
361 			 * because if we don't have any more data
362 			 * to send then the probe will be the FIN
363 			 * itself.
364 			 */
365 			if (off < sbused(&so->so_snd))
366 				flags &= ~TH_FIN;
367 			sendwin = 1;
368 		} else {
369 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, 0);
370 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
371 		}
372 	}
373 
374 	/*
375 	 * If snd_nxt == snd_max and we have transmitted a FIN, the
376 	 * offset will be > 0 even if so_snd.sb_cc is 0, resulting in
377 	 * a negative length.  This can also occur when TCP opens up
378 	 * its congestion window while receiving additional duplicate
379 	 * acks after fast-retransmit because TCP will reset snd_nxt
380 	 * to snd_max after the fast-retransmit.
381 	 *
382 	 * In the normal retransmit-FIN-only case, however, snd_nxt will
383 	 * be set to snd_una, the offset will be 0, and the length may
384 	 * wind up 0.
385 	 *
386 	 * If sack_rxmit is true we are retransmitting from the scoreboard
387 	 * in which case len is already set.
388 	 */
389 	if (sack_rxmit == 0) {
390 		if (sack_bytes_rxmt == 0) {
391 			len = ((int32_t)min(sbavail(&so->so_snd), sendwin) -
392 			    off);
393 		} else {
394 			int32_t cwin;
395 
396 			/*
397 			 * We are inside of a SACK recovery episode and are
398 			 * sending new data, having retransmitted all the
399 			 * data possible in the scoreboard.
400 			 */
401 			len = ((int32_t)min(sbavail(&so->so_snd), tp->snd_wnd) -
402 			    off);
403 			/*
404 			 * Don't remove this (len > 0) check !
405 			 * We explicitly check for len > 0 here (although it
406 			 * isn't really necessary), to work around a gcc
407 			 * optimization issue - to force gcc to compute
408 			 * len above. Without this check, the computation
409 			 * of len is bungled by the optimizer.
410 			 */
411 			if (len > 0) {
412 				cwin = tp->snd_cwnd - imax(0, (int32_t)
413 					(tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_recover)) -
414 					sack_bytes_rxmt;
415 				if (cwin < 0)
416 					cwin = 0;
417 				len = imin(len, cwin);
418 			}
419 		}
420 	}
421 
422 	/*
423 	 * Lop off SYN bit if it has already been sent.  However, if this
424 	 * is SYN-SENT state and if segment contains data and if we don't
425 	 * know that foreign host supports TAO, suppress sending segment.
426 	 */
427 	if ((flags & TH_SYN) && SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_una)) {
428 		if (tp->t_state != TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED)
429 			flags &= ~TH_SYN;
430 		/*
431 		 * When sending additional segments following a TFO SYN|ACK,
432 		 * do not include the SYN bit.
433 		 */
434 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FASTOPEN) &&
435 		    (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED))
436 			flags &= ~TH_SYN;
437 		off--, len++;
438 	}
439 
440 	/*
441 	 * Be careful not to send data and/or FIN on SYN segments.
442 	 * This measure is needed to prevent interoperability problems
443 	 * with not fully conformant TCP implementations.
444 	 */
445 	if ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT)) {
446 		len = 0;
447 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
448 	}
449 
450 	/*
451 	 * On TFO sockets, ensure no data is sent in the following cases:
452 	 *
453 	 *  - When retransmitting SYN|ACK on a passively-created socket
454 	 *
455 	 *  - When retransmitting SYN on an actively created socket
456 	 *
457 	 *  - When sending a zero-length cookie (cookie request) on an
458 	 *    actively created socket
459 	 *
460 	 *  - When the socket is in the CLOSED state (RST is being sent)
461 	 */
462 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FASTOPEN) &&
463 	    (((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_rxtshift > 0)) ||
464 	     ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) &&
465 	      (tp->t_tfo_client_cookie_len == 0)) ||
466 	     (flags & TH_RST)))
467 		len = 0;
468 
469 	/* Without fast-open there should never be data sent on a SYN. */
470 	if ((flags & TH_SYN) && !(tp->t_flags & TF_FASTOPEN)) {
471 		len = 0;
472 	}
473 
474 	if (len <= 0) {
475 		/*
476 		 * If FIN has been sent but not acked,
477 		 * but we haven't been called to retransmit,
478 		 * len will be < 0.  Otherwise, window shrank
479 		 * after we sent into it.  If window shrank to 0,
480 		 * cancel pending retransmit, pull snd_nxt back
481 		 * to (closed) window, and set the persist timer
482 		 * if it isn't already going.  If the window didn't
483 		 * close completely, just wait for an ACK.
484 		 *
485 		 * We also do a general check here to ensure that
486 		 * we will set the persist timer when we have data
487 		 * to send, but a 0-byte window. This makes sure
488 		 * the persist timer is set even if the packet
489 		 * hits one of the "goto send" lines below.
490 		 */
491 		len = 0;
492 		if ((sendwin == 0) && (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state)) &&
493 		    (off < (int) sbavail(&so->so_snd)) &&
494 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
495 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, 0);
496 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
497 			tp->snd_nxt = tp->snd_una;
498 			if (!tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST))
499 				tcp_setpersist(tp);
500 		}
501 	}
502 
503 	/* len will be >= 0 after this point. */
504 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("[%s:%d]: len < 0", __func__, __LINE__));
505 
506 	tcp_sndbuf_autoscale(tp, so, sendwin);
507 
508 	/*
509 	 * Decide if we can use TCP Segmentation Offloading (if supported by
510 	 * hardware).
511 	 *
512 	 * TSO may only be used if we are in a pure bulk sending state.  The
513 	 * presence of TCP-MD5, SACK retransmits, SACK advertizements and
514 	 * IP options prevent using TSO.  With TSO the TCP header is the same
515 	 * (except for the sequence number) for all generated packets.  This
516 	 * makes it impossible to transmit any options which vary per generated
517 	 * segment or packet.
518 	 *
519 	 * IPv4 handling has a clear separation of ip options and ip header
520 	 * flags while IPv6 combines both in in6p_outputopts. ip6_optlen() does
521 	 * the right thing below to provide length of just ip options and thus
522 	 * checking for ipoptlen is enough to decide if ip options are present.
523 	 */
524 #if defined(IPSEC) || defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT)
525 	/*
526 	 * Pre-calculate here as we save another lookup into the darknesses
527 	 * of IPsec that way and can actually decide if TSO is ok.
528 	 */
529 #ifdef INET6
530 	if (isipv6 && IPSEC_ENABLED(ipv6))
531 		ipsec_optlen = IPSEC_HDRSIZE(ipv6, inp);
532 #ifdef INET
533 	else
534 #endif
535 #endif /* INET6 */
536 #ifdef INET
537 	if (IPSEC_ENABLED(ipv4))
538 		ipsec_optlen = IPSEC_HDRSIZE(ipv4, inp);
539 #endif /* INET */
540 #endif /* IPSEC */
541 #ifdef INET6
542 	if (isipv6)
543 		ipoptlen = ip6_optlen(inp);
544 	else
545 #endif
546 	if (inp->inp_options)
547 		ipoptlen = inp->inp_options->m_len -
548 				offsetof(struct ipoption, ipopt_list);
549 	else
550 		ipoptlen = 0;
551 	ipoptlen += ipsec_optlen;
552 
553 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_TSO) && V_tcp_do_tso && len > tp->t_maxseg &&
554 	    (tp->t_port == 0) &&
555 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE) == 0) &&
556 	    tp->rcv_numsacks == 0 && ((sack_rxmit == 0) || V_tcp_sack_tso) &&
557 	    (ipoptlen == 0 || (ipoptlen == ipsec_optlen &&
558 	    (tp->t_flags2 & TF2_IPSEC_TSO) != 0)) &&
559 	    !(flags & TH_SYN))
560 		tso = 1;
561 
562 	if (SEQ_LT((sack_rxmit ? p->rxmit : tp->snd_nxt) + len,
563 		    tp->snd_una + sbused(&so->so_snd))) {
564 			flags &= ~TH_FIN;
565 	}
566 
567 	recwin = lmin(lmax(sbspace(&so->so_rcv), 0),
568 	    (long)TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale);
569 
570 	/*
571 	 * Sender silly window avoidance.   We transmit under the following
572 	 * conditions when len is non-zero:
573 	 *
574 	 *	- We have a full segment (or more with TSO)
575 	 *	- This is the last buffer in a write()/send() and we are
576 	 *	  either idle or running NODELAY
577 	 *	- we've timed out (e.g. persist timer)
578 	 *	- we have more then 1/2 the maximum send window's worth of
579 	 *	  data (receiver may be limited the window size)
580 	 *	- we need to retransmit
581 	 */
582 	if (len) {
583 		if (len >= tp->t_maxseg)
584 			goto send;
585 		/*
586 		 * As the TCP header options are now
587 		 * considered when setting up the initial
588 		 * window, we would not send the last segment
589 		 * if we skip considering the option length here.
590 		 * Note: this may not work when tcp headers change
591 		 * very dynamically in the future.
592 		 */
593 		if ((((tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE) ?
594 			PADTCPOLEN(TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE) : 0) +
595 		    ((tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_TSTMP) ?
596 			PADTCPOLEN(TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP) : 0) +
597 		    len) >= tp->t_maxseg)
598 			goto send;
599 		/*
600 		 * NOTE! on localhost connections an 'ack' from the remote
601 		 * end may occur synchronously with the output and cause
602 		 * us to flush a buffer queued with moretocome.  XXX
603 		 *
604 		 * note: the len + off check is almost certainly unnecessary.
605 		 */
606 		if (!(tp->t_flags & TF_MORETOCOME) &&	/* normal case */
607 		    (idle || (tp->t_flags & TF_NODELAY)) &&
608 		    (uint32_t)len + (uint32_t)off >= sbavail(&so->so_snd) &&
609 		    (tp->t_flags & TF_NOPUSH) == 0) {
610 			goto send;
611 		}
612 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA)		/* typ. timeout case */
613 			goto send;
614 		if (len >= tp->max_sndwnd / 2 && tp->max_sndwnd > 0)
615 			goto send;
616 		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))	/* retransmit case */
617 			goto send;
618 		if (sack_rxmit)
619 			goto send;
620 	}
621 
622 	/*
623 	 * Sending of standalone window updates.
624 	 *
625 	 * Window updates are important when we close our window due to a
626 	 * full socket buffer and are opening it again after the application
627 	 * reads data from it.  Once the window has opened again and the
628 	 * remote end starts to send again the ACK clock takes over and
629 	 * provides the most current window information.
630 	 *
631 	 * We must avoid the silly window syndrome whereas every read
632 	 * from the receive buffer, no matter how small, causes a window
633 	 * update to be sent.  We also should avoid sending a flurry of
634 	 * window updates when the socket buffer had queued a lot of data
635 	 * and the application is doing small reads.
636 	 *
637 	 * Prevent a flurry of pointless window updates by only sending
638 	 * an update when we can increase the advertized window by more
639 	 * than 1/4th of the socket buffer capacity.  When the buffer is
640 	 * getting full or is very small be more aggressive and send an
641 	 * update whenever we can increase by two mss sized segments.
642 	 * In all other situations the ACK's to new incoming data will
643 	 * carry further window increases.
644 	 *
645 	 * Don't send an independent window update if a delayed
646 	 * ACK is pending (it will get piggy-backed on it) or the
647 	 * remote side already has done a half-close and won't send
648 	 * more data.
649 	 */
650 	if (recwin > 0 && !(tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN) &&
651 	    !(tp->t_flags & TF_DELACK) &&
652 	    !TCPS_HAVERCVDFIN(tp->t_state)) {
653 		/*
654 		 * "adv" is the amount we could increase the window,
655 		 * taking into account that we are limited by
656 		 * TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale.
657 		 */
658 		int32_t adv;
659 		int oldwin;
660 
661 		adv = recwin;
662 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_adv, tp->rcv_nxt)) {
663 			oldwin = (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
664 			if (adv > oldwin)
665 				adv -= oldwin;
666 			else
667 				adv = 0;
668 		} else
669 			oldwin = 0;
670 
671 		/*
672 		 * If the new window size ends up being the same as or less
673 		 * than the old size when it is scaled, then don't force
674 		 * a window update.
675 		 */
676 		if (oldwin >> tp->rcv_scale >= (adv + oldwin) >> tp->rcv_scale)
677 			goto dontupdate;
678 
679 		if (adv >= (int32_t)(2 * tp->t_maxseg) &&
680 		    (adv >= (int32_t)(so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4) ||
681 		     recwin <= (so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 8) ||
682 		     so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat <= 8 * tp->t_maxseg ||
683 		     adv >= TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale))
684 			goto send;
685 		if (2 * adv >= (int32_t)so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat)
686 			goto send;
687 	}
688 dontupdate:
689 
690 	/*
691 	 * Send if we owe the peer an ACK, RST, SYN, or urgent data.  ACKNOW
692 	 * is also a catch-all for the retransmit timer timeout case.
693 	 */
694 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
695 		goto send;
696 	if ((flags & TH_RST) ||
697 	    ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN) == 0))
698 		goto send;
699 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
700 		goto send;
701 	/*
702 	 * If our state indicates that FIN should be sent
703 	 * and we have not yet done so, then we need to send.
704 	 */
705 	if (flags & TH_FIN &&
706 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN) == 0 || tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_una))
707 		goto send;
708 	/*
709 	 * In SACK, it is possible for tcp_output to fail to send a segment
710 	 * after the retransmission timer has been turned off.  Make sure
711 	 * that the retransmission timer is set.
712 	 */
713 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
714 	    SEQ_GT(tp->snd_max, tp->snd_una) &&
715 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
716 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
717 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, TP_RXTCUR(tp));
718 		goto just_return;
719 	}
720 	/*
721 	 * TCP window updates are not reliable, rather a polling protocol
722 	 * using ``persist'' packets is used to insure receipt of window
723 	 * updates.  The three ``states'' for the output side are:
724 	 *	idle			not doing retransmits or persists
725 	 *	persisting		to move a small or zero window
726 	 *	(re)transmitting	and thereby not persisting
727 	 *
728 	 * tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)
729 	 *	is true when we are in persist state.
730 	 * (tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA)
731 	 *	is set when we are called to send a persist packet.
732 	 * tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT)
733 	 *	is set when we are retransmitting
734 	 * The output side is idle when both timers are zero.
735 	 *
736 	 * If send window is too small, there is data to transmit, and no
737 	 * retransmit or persist is pending, then go to persist state.
738 	 * If nothing happens soon, send when timer expires:
739 	 * if window is nonzero, transmit what we can,
740 	 * otherwise force out a byte.
741 	 */
742 	if (sbavail(&so->so_snd) && !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
743 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
744 		tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
745 		tcp_setpersist(tp);
746 	}
747 
748 	/*
749 	 * No reason to send a segment, just return.
750 	 */
751 just_return:
752 	SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
753 	return (0);
754 
755 send:
756 	SOCKBUF_LOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);
757 	if (len > 0) {
758 		if (len >= tp->t_maxseg)
759 			tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_MAXSEGSNT;
760 		else
761 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_MAXSEGSNT;
762 	}
763 	/*
764 	 * Before ESTABLISHED, force sending of initial options
765 	 * unless TCP set not to do any options.
766 	 * NOTE: we assume that the IP/TCP header plus TCP options
767 	 * always fit in a single mbuf, leaving room for a maximum
768 	 * link header, i.e.
769 	 *	max_linkhdr + sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + optlen <= MCLBYTES
770 	 */
771 	optlen = 0;
772 #ifdef INET6
773 	if (isipv6)
774 		hdrlen = sizeof (struct ip6_hdr) + sizeof (struct tcphdr);
775 	else
776 #endif
777 		hdrlen = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
778 
779 	if (flags & TH_SYN) {
780 		tp->snd_nxt = tp->iss;
781 	}
782 
783 	/*
784 	 * Compute options for segment.
785 	 * We only have to care about SYN and established connection
786 	 * segments.  Options for SYN-ACK segments are handled in TCP
787 	 * syncache.
788 	 */
789 	to.to_flags = 0;
790 	if ((tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT) == 0) {
791 		/* Maximum segment size. */
792 		if (flags & TH_SYN) {
793 			to.to_mss = tcp_mssopt(&inp->inp_inc);
794 			if (tp->t_port)
795 				to.to_mss -= V_tcp_udp_tunneling_overhead;
796 			to.to_flags |= TOF_MSS;
797 
798 			/*
799 			 * On SYN or SYN|ACK transmits on TFO connections,
800 			 * only include the TFO option if it is not a
801 			 * retransmit, as the presence of the TFO option may
802 			 * have caused the original SYN or SYN|ACK to have
803 			 * been dropped by a middlebox.
804 			 */
805 			if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FASTOPEN) &&
806 			    (tp->t_rxtshift == 0)) {
807 				if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED) {
808 					to.to_tfo_len = TCP_FASTOPEN_COOKIE_LEN;
809 					to.to_tfo_cookie =
810 					    (u_int8_t *)&tp->t_tfo_cookie.server;
811 					to.to_flags |= TOF_FASTOPEN;
812 					wanted_cookie = 1;
813 				} else if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) {
814 					to.to_tfo_len =
815 					    tp->t_tfo_client_cookie_len;
816 					to.to_tfo_cookie =
817 					    tp->t_tfo_cookie.client;
818 					to.to_flags |= TOF_FASTOPEN;
819 					wanted_cookie = 1;
820 					/*
821 					 * If we wind up having more data to
822 					 * send with the SYN than can fit in
823 					 * one segment, don't send any more
824 					 * until the SYN|ACK comes back from
825 					 * the other end.
826 					 */
827 					dont_sendalot = 1;
828 				}
829 			}
830 		}
831 		/* Window scaling. */
832 		if ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_REQ_SCALE)) {
833 			to.to_wscale = tp->request_r_scale;
834 			to.to_flags |= TOF_SCALE;
835 		}
836 		/* Timestamps. */
837 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_TSTMP) ||
838 		    ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_REQ_TSTMP))) {
839 			curticks = tcp_ts_getticks();
840 			to.to_tsval = curticks + tp->ts_offset;
841 			to.to_tsecr = tp->ts_recent;
842 			to.to_flags |= TOF_TS;
843 			if (tp->t_rxtshift == 1)
844 				tp->t_badrxtwin = curticks;
845 		}
846 
847 		/* Set receive buffer autosizing timestamp. */
848 		if (tp->rfbuf_ts == 0 &&
849 		    (so->so_rcv.sb_flags & SB_AUTOSIZE))
850 			tp->rfbuf_ts = tcp_ts_getticks();
851 
852 		/* Selective ACK's. */
853 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) {
854 			if (flags & TH_SYN)
855 				to.to_flags |= TOF_SACKPERM;
856 			else if (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state) &&
857 			    tp->rcv_numsacks > 0) {
858 				to.to_flags |= TOF_SACK;
859 				to.to_nsacks = tp->rcv_numsacks;
860 				to.to_sacks = (u_char *)tp->sackblks;
861 			}
862 		}
863 #if defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT) || defined(TCP_SIGNATURE)
864 		/* TCP-MD5 (RFC2385). */
865 		/*
866 		 * Check that TCP_MD5SIG is enabled in tcpcb to
867 		 * account the size needed to set this TCP option.
868 		 */
869 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_SIGNATURE)
870 			to.to_flags |= TOF_SIGNATURE;
871 #endif /* TCP_SIGNATURE */
872 
873 		/* Processing the options. */
874 		hdrlen += optlen = tcp_addoptions(&to, opt);
875 		/*
876 		 * If we wanted a TFO option to be added, but it was unable
877 		 * to fit, ensure no data is sent.
878 		 */
879 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FASTOPEN) && wanted_cookie &&
880 		    !(to.to_flags & TOF_FASTOPEN))
881 			len = 0;
882 	}
883 	if (tp->t_port) {
884 		if (V_tcp_udp_tunneling_port == 0) {
885 			/* The port was removed?? */
886 			SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
887 			return (EHOSTUNREACH);
888 		}
889 		hdrlen += sizeof(struct udphdr);
890 	}
891 	/*
892 	 * Adjust data length if insertion of options will
893 	 * bump the packet length beyond the t_maxseg length.
894 	 * Clear the FIN bit because we cut off the tail of
895 	 * the segment.
896 	 */
897 	if (len + optlen + ipoptlen > tp->t_maxseg) {
898 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
899 
900 		if (tso) {
901 			u_int if_hw_tsomax;
902 			u_int moff;
903 			int max_len;
904 
905 			/* extract TSO information */
906 			if_hw_tsomax = tp->t_tsomax;
907 			if_hw_tsomaxsegcount = tp->t_tsomaxsegcount;
908 			if_hw_tsomaxsegsize = tp->t_tsomaxsegsize;
909 
910 			/*
911 			 * Limit a TSO burst to prevent it from
912 			 * overflowing or exceeding the maximum length
913 			 * allowed by the network interface:
914 			 */
915 			KASSERT(ipoptlen ==  ipsec_optlen,
916 			    ("%s: TSO can't do IP options", __func__));
917 
918 			/*
919 			 * Check if we should limit by maximum payload
920 			 * length:
921 			 */
922 			if (if_hw_tsomax != 0) {
923 				/* compute maximum TSO length */
924 				max_len = if_hw_tsomax - hdrlen -
925 				    ipsec_optlen - max_linkhdr;
926 				if (max_len <= 0) {
927 					len = 0;
928 				} else if (len > max_len) {
929 					sendalot = 1;
930 					len = max_len;
931 				}
932 			}
933 
934 			/*
935 			 * Prevent the last segment from being
936 			 * fractional unless the send sockbuf can be
937 			 * emptied:
938 			 */
939 			max_len = tp->t_maxseg - optlen - ipsec_optlen;
940 			if (((uint32_t)off + (uint32_t)len) <
941 			    sbavail(&so->so_snd)) {
942 				moff = len % max_len;
943 				if (moff != 0) {
944 					len -= moff;
945 					sendalot = 1;
946 				}
947 			}
948 
949 			/*
950 			 * In case there are too many small fragments
951 			 * don't use TSO:
952 			 */
953 			if (len <= max_len) {
954 				len = max_len;
955 				sendalot = 1;
956 				tso = 0;
957 			}
958 
959 			/*
960 			 * Send the FIN in a separate segment
961 			 * after the bulk sending is done.
962 			 * We don't trust the TSO implementations
963 			 * to clear the FIN flag on all but the
964 			 * last segment.
965 			 */
966 			if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDFIN)
967 				sendalot = 1;
968 		} else {
969 			if (optlen + ipoptlen >= tp->t_maxseg) {
970 				/*
971 				 * Since we don't have enough space to put
972 				 * the IP header chain and the TCP header in
973 				 * one packet as required by RFC 7112, don't
974 				 * send it. Also ensure that at least one
975 				 * byte of the payload can be put into the
976 				 * TCP segment.
977 				 */
978 				SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
979 				error = EMSGSIZE;
980 				sack_rxmit = 0;
981 				goto out;
982 			}
983 			len = tp->t_maxseg - optlen - ipoptlen;
984 			sendalot = 1;
985 			if (dont_sendalot)
986 				sendalot = 0;
987 		}
988 	} else
989 		tso = 0;
990 
991 	KASSERT(len + hdrlen + ipoptlen <= IP_MAXPACKET,
992 	    ("%s: len > IP_MAXPACKET", __func__));
993 
994 /*#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC*/
995 #ifdef INET6
996 	if (max_linkhdr + hdrlen > MCLBYTES)
997 #else
998 	if (max_linkhdr + hdrlen > MHLEN)
999 #endif
1000 		panic("tcphdr too big");
1001 /*#endif*/
1002 
1003 	/*
1004 	 * This KASSERT is here to catch edge cases at a well defined place.
1005 	 * Before, those had triggered (random) panic conditions further down.
1006 	 */
1007 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("[%s:%d]: len < 0", __func__, __LINE__));
1008 
1009 	/*
1010 	 * Grab a header mbuf, attaching a copy of data to
1011 	 * be transmitted, and initialize the header from
1012 	 * the template for sends on this connection.
1013 	 */
1014 	if (len) {
1015 		struct mbuf *mb;
1016 		struct sockbuf *msb;
1017 		u_int moff;
1018 
1019 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) && len == 1) {
1020 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndprobe);
1021 #ifdef STATS
1022 			if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
1023 				stats_voi_update_abs_u32(tp->t_stats,
1024 				VOI_TCP_RETXPB, len);
1025 			else
1026 				stats_voi_update_abs_u64(tp->t_stats,
1027 				    VOI_TCP_TXPB, len);
1028 #endif /* STATS */
1029 		} else if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max) || sack_rxmit) {
1030 			tp->t_sndrexmitpack++;
1031 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndrexmitpack);
1032 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sndrexmitbyte, len);
1033 			if (sack_rxmit) {
1034 				TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sack_rexmits);
1035 				if (tso) {
1036 					TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sack_rexmits_tso);
1037 				}
1038 				TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sack_rexmit_bytes, len);
1039 			}
1040 #ifdef STATS
1041 			stats_voi_update_abs_u32(tp->t_stats, VOI_TCP_RETXPB,
1042 			    len);
1043 #endif /* STATS */
1044 		} else {
1045 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndpack);
1046 			TCPSTAT_ADD(tcps_sndbyte, len);
1047 #ifdef STATS
1048 			stats_voi_update_abs_u64(tp->t_stats, VOI_TCP_TXPB,
1049 			    len);
1050 #endif /* STATS */
1051 		}
1052 #ifdef INET6
1053 		if (MHLEN < hdrlen + max_linkhdr)
1054 			m = m_getcl(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA, M_PKTHDR);
1055 		else
1056 #endif
1057 			m = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA);
1058 
1059 		if (m == NULL) {
1060 			SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1061 			error = ENOBUFS;
1062 			sack_rxmit = 0;
1063 			goto out;
1064 		}
1065 
1066 		m->m_data += max_linkhdr;
1067 		m->m_len = hdrlen;
1068 
1069 		/*
1070 		 * Start the m_copy functions from the closest mbuf
1071 		 * to the offset in the socket buffer chain.
1072 		 */
1073 		mb = sbsndptr_noadv(&so->so_snd, off, &moff);
1074 		if (len <= MHLEN - hdrlen - max_linkhdr && !hw_tls) {
1075 			m_copydata(mb, moff, len,
1076 			    mtod(m, caddr_t) + hdrlen);
1077 			if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
1078 				sbsndptr_adv(&so->so_snd, mb, len);
1079 			m->m_len += len;
1080 		} else {
1081 			int32_t old_len;
1082 
1083 			if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
1084 				msb = NULL;
1085 			else
1086 				msb = &so->so_snd;
1087 			old_len = len;
1088 			m->m_next = tcp_m_copym(mb, moff,
1089 			    &len, if_hw_tsomaxsegcount,
1090 			    if_hw_tsomaxsegsize, msb, hw_tls);
1091 			if (old_len != len)
1092 				flags &= ~TH_FIN;
1093 			if (len <= (tp->t_maxseg - optlen)) {
1094 				/*
1095 				 * Must have ran out of mbufs for the copy
1096 				 * shorten it to no longer need tso. Lets
1097 				 * not put on sendalot since we are low on
1098 				 * mbufs.
1099 				 */
1100 				tso = 0;
1101 			}
1102 			if (m->m_next == NULL) {
1103 				SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1104 				(void) m_free(m);
1105 				error = ENOBUFS;
1106 				sack_rxmit = 0;
1107 				goto out;
1108 			}
1109 		}
1110 
1111 		/*
1112 		 * If we're sending everything we've got, set PUSH.
1113 		 * (This will keep happy those implementations which only
1114 		 * give data to the user when a buffer fills or
1115 		 * a PUSH comes in.)
1116 		 */
1117 		if (((uint32_t)off + (uint32_t)len == sbused(&so->so_snd)) &&
1118 		    !(flags & TH_SYN))
1119 			flags |= TH_PUSH;
1120 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1121 	} else {
1122 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK(&so->so_snd);
1123 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
1124 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndacks);
1125 		else if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN|TH_RST))
1126 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndctrl);
1127 		else if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
1128 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndurg);
1129 		else
1130 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndwinup);
1131 
1132 		m = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, MT_DATA);
1133 		if (m == NULL) {
1134 			error = ENOBUFS;
1135 			sack_rxmit = 0;
1136 			goto out;
1137 		}
1138 #ifdef INET6
1139 		if (isipv6 && (MHLEN < hdrlen + max_linkhdr) &&
1140 		    MHLEN >= hdrlen) {
1141 			M_ALIGN(m, hdrlen);
1142 		} else
1143 #endif
1144 		m->m_data += max_linkhdr;
1145 		m->m_len = hdrlen;
1146 	}
1147 	SOCKBUF_UNLOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);
1148 	m->m_pkthdr.rcvif = (struct ifnet *)0;
1149 #ifdef MAC
1150 	mac_inpcb_create_mbuf(inp, m);
1151 #endif
1152 #ifdef INET6
1153 	if (isipv6) {
1154 		ip6 = mtod(m, struct ip6_hdr *);
1155 		if (tp->t_port) {
1156 			udp = (struct udphdr *)((caddr_t)ip6 + sizeof(struct ip6_hdr));
1157 			udp->uh_sport = htons(V_tcp_udp_tunneling_port);
1158 			udp->uh_dport = tp->t_port;
1159 			ulen = hdrlen + len - sizeof(struct ip6_hdr);
1160 			udp->uh_ulen = htons(ulen);
1161 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(udp + 1);
1162 		} else {
1163 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(ip6 + 1);
1164 		}
1165 		tcpip_fillheaders(inp, tp->t_port, ip6, th);
1166 	} else
1167 #endif /* INET6 */
1168 	{
1169 		ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
1170 		if (tp->t_port) {
1171 			udp = (struct udphdr *)((caddr_t)ip + sizeof(struct ip));
1172 			udp->uh_sport = htons(V_tcp_udp_tunneling_port);
1173 			udp->uh_dport = tp->t_port;
1174 			ulen = hdrlen + len - sizeof(struct ip);
1175 			udp->uh_ulen = htons(ulen);
1176 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(udp + 1);
1177 		} else
1178 			th = (struct tcphdr *)(ip + 1);
1179 		tcpip_fillheaders(inp, tp->t_port, ip, th);
1180 	}
1181 
1182 	/*
1183 	 * Fill in fields, remembering maximum advertised
1184 	 * window for use in delaying messages about window sizes.
1185 	 * If resending a FIN, be sure not to use a new sequence number.
1186 	 */
1187 	if (flags & TH_FIN && tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN &&
1188 	    tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_max)
1189 		tp->snd_nxt--;
1190 	/*
1191 	 * If we are starting a connection, send ECN setup
1192 	 * SYN packet. If we are on a retransmit, we may
1193 	 * resend those bits a number of times as per
1194 	 * RFC 3168.
1195 	 */
1196 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT && V_tcp_do_ecn) {
1197 		flags |= tcp_ecn_output_syn_sent(tp);
1198 	}
1199 	/* Also handle parallel SYN for ECN */
1200 	if ((TCPS_HAVERCVDSYN(tp->t_state)) &&
1201 	    (tp->t_flags2 & (TF2_ECN_PERMIT | TF2_ACE_PERMIT))) {
1202 		int ect = tcp_ecn_output_established(tp, &flags, len, sack_rxmit);
1203 		if ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED) &&
1204 		    (tp->t_flags2 & TF2_ECN_SND_ECE))
1205 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_ECN_SND_ECE;
1206 #ifdef INET6
1207 		if (isipv6) {
1208 			ip6->ip6_flow &= ~htonl(IPTOS_ECN_MASK << IPV6_FLOWLABEL_LEN);
1209 			ip6->ip6_flow |= htonl(ect << IPV6_FLOWLABEL_LEN);
1210 		}
1211 		else
1212 #endif
1213 		{
1214 			ip->ip_tos &= ~IPTOS_ECN_MASK;
1215 			ip->ip_tos |= ect;
1216 		}
1217 	}
1218 
1219 	/*
1220 	 * If we are doing retransmissions, then snd_nxt will
1221 	 * not reflect the first unsent octet.  For ACK only
1222 	 * packets, we do not want the sequence number of the
1223 	 * retransmitted packet, we want the sequence number
1224 	 * of the next unsent octet.  So, if there is no data
1225 	 * (and no SYN or FIN), use snd_max instead of snd_nxt
1226 	 * when filling in ti_seq.  But if we are in persist
1227 	 * state, snd_max might reflect one byte beyond the
1228 	 * right edge of the window, so use snd_nxt in that
1229 	 * case, since we know we aren't doing a retransmission.
1230 	 * (retransmit and persist are mutually exclusive...)
1231 	 */
1232 	if (sack_rxmit == 0) {
1233 		if (len || (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN)) ||
1234 		    tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST))
1235 			th->th_seq = htonl(tp->snd_nxt);
1236 		else
1237 			th->th_seq = htonl(tp->snd_max);
1238 	} else {
1239 		th->th_seq = htonl(p->rxmit);
1240 		p->rxmit += len;
1241 		/*
1242 		 * Lost Retransmission Detection
1243 		 * trigger resending of a (then
1244 		 * still existing) hole, when
1245 		 * fack acks recoverypoint.
1246 		 */
1247 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_LRD) && SEQ_GEQ(p->rxmit, p->end))
1248 			p->rxmit = tp->snd_recover;
1249 		tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit += len;
1250 	}
1251 	if (IN_RECOVERY(tp->t_flags)) {
1252 		/*
1253 		 * Account all bytes transmitted while
1254 		 * IN_RECOVERY, simplifying PRR and
1255 		 * Lost Retransmit Detection
1256 		 */
1257 		tp->sackhint.prr_out += len;
1258 	}
1259 	th->th_ack = htonl(tp->rcv_nxt);
1260 	if (optlen) {
1261 		bcopy(opt, th + 1, optlen);
1262 		th->th_off = (sizeof (struct tcphdr) + optlen) >> 2;
1263 	}
1264 	tcp_set_flags(th, flags);
1265 	/*
1266 	 * Calculate receive window.  Don't shrink window,
1267 	 * but avoid silly window syndrome.
1268 	 * If a RST segment is sent, advertise a window of zero.
1269 	 */
1270 	if (flags & TH_RST) {
1271 		recwin = 0;
1272 	} else {
1273 		if (recwin < (so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4) &&
1274 		    recwin < tp->t_maxseg)
1275 			recwin = 0;
1276 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_adv, tp->rcv_nxt) &&
1277 		    recwin < (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt))
1278 			recwin = (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
1279 	}
1280 	/*
1281 	 * According to RFC1323 the window field in a SYN (i.e., a <SYN>
1282 	 * or <SYN,ACK>) segment itself is never scaled.  The <SYN,ACK>
1283 	 * case is handled in syncache.
1284 	 */
1285 	if (flags & TH_SYN)
1286 		th->th_win = htons((u_short)
1287 				(min(sbspace(&so->so_rcv), TCP_MAXWIN)));
1288 	else {
1289 		/* Avoid shrinking window with window scaling. */
1290 		recwin = roundup2(recwin, 1 << tp->rcv_scale);
1291 		th->th_win = htons((u_short)(recwin >> tp->rcv_scale));
1292 	}
1293 
1294 	/*
1295 	 * Adjust the RXWIN0SENT flag - indicate that we have advertised
1296 	 * a 0 window.  This may cause the remote transmitter to stall.  This
1297 	 * flag tells soreceive() to disable delayed acknowledgements when
1298 	 * draining the buffer.  This can occur if the receiver is attempting
1299 	 * to read more data than can be buffered prior to transmitting on
1300 	 * the connection.
1301 	 */
1302 	if (th->th_win == 0) {
1303 		tp->t_sndzerowin++;
1304 		tp->t_flags |= TF_RXWIN0SENT;
1305 	} else
1306 		tp->t_flags &= ~TF_RXWIN0SENT;
1307 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_nxt)) {
1308 		th->th_urp = htons((u_short)(tp->snd_up - tp->snd_nxt));
1309 		th->th_flags |= TH_URG;
1310 	} else
1311 		/*
1312 		 * If no urgent pointer to send, then we pull
1313 		 * the urgent pointer to the left edge of the send window
1314 		 * so that it doesn't drift into the send window on sequence
1315 		 * number wraparound.
1316 		 */
1317 		tp->snd_up = tp->snd_una;		/* drag it along */
1318 
1319 	/*
1320 	 * Put TCP length in extended header, and then
1321 	 * checksum extended header and data.
1322 	 */
1323 	m->m_pkthdr.len = hdrlen + len; /* in6_cksum() need this */
1324 
1325 #if defined(IPSEC_SUPPORT) || defined(TCP_SIGNATURE)
1326 	if (to.to_flags & TOF_SIGNATURE) {
1327 		/*
1328 		 * Calculate MD5 signature and put it into the place
1329 		 * determined before.
1330 		 * NOTE: since TCP options buffer doesn't point into
1331 		 * mbuf's data, calculate offset and use it.
1332 		 */
1333 		if (!TCPMD5_ENABLED() || (error = TCPMD5_OUTPUT(m, th,
1334 		    (u_char *)(th + 1) + (to.to_signature - opt))) != 0) {
1335 			/*
1336 			 * Do not send segment if the calculation of MD5
1337 			 * digest has failed.
1338 			 */
1339 			m_freem(m);
1340 			goto out;
1341 		}
1342 	}
1343 #endif
1344 #ifdef INET6
1345 	if (isipv6) {
1346 		/*
1347 		 * There is no need to fill in ip6_plen right now.
1348 		 * It will be filled later by ip6_output.
1349 		 */
1350 		if (tp->t_port) {
1351 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_UDP_IPV6;
1352 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct udphdr, uh_sum);
1353 			udp->uh_sum = in6_cksum_pseudo(ip6, ulen, IPPROTO_UDP, 0);
1354 			th->th_sum = htons(0);
1355 			UDPSTAT_INC(udps_opackets);
1356 		} else {
1357 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_TCP_IPV6;
1358 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct tcphdr, th_sum);
1359 			th->th_sum = in6_cksum_pseudo(ip6,
1360 			    sizeof(struct tcphdr) + optlen + len, IPPROTO_TCP,
1361 			    0);
1362 		}
1363 	}
1364 #endif
1365 #if defined(INET6) && defined(INET)
1366 	else
1367 #endif
1368 #ifdef INET
1369 	{
1370 		if (tp->t_port) {
1371 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_UDP;
1372 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct udphdr, uh_sum);
1373 			udp->uh_sum = in_pseudo(ip->ip_src.s_addr,
1374 			   ip->ip_dst.s_addr, htons(ulen + IPPROTO_UDP));
1375 			th->th_sum = htons(0);
1376 			UDPSTAT_INC(udps_opackets);
1377 		} else {
1378 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_TCP;
1379 			m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct tcphdr, th_sum);
1380 			th->th_sum = in_pseudo(ip->ip_src.s_addr,
1381 			    ip->ip_dst.s_addr, htons(sizeof(struct tcphdr) +
1382 			    IPPROTO_TCP + len + optlen));
1383 		}
1384 
1385 		/* IP version must be set here for ipv4/ipv6 checking later */
1386 		KASSERT(ip->ip_v == IPVERSION,
1387 		    ("%s: IP version incorrect: %d", __func__, ip->ip_v));
1388 	}
1389 #endif
1390 
1391 	/*
1392 	 * Enable TSO and specify the size of the segments.
1393 	 * The TCP pseudo header checksum is always provided.
1394 	 */
1395 	if (tso) {
1396 		KASSERT(len > tp->t_maxseg - optlen - ipsec_optlen,
1397 		    ("%s: len <= tso_segsz", __func__));
1398 		m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags |= CSUM_TSO;
1399 		m->m_pkthdr.tso_segsz = tp->t_maxseg - optlen - ipsec_optlen;
1400 	}
1401 
1402 	KASSERT(len + hdrlen == m_length(m, NULL),
1403 	    ("%s: mbuf chain shorter than expected: %d + %u != %u",
1404 	    __func__, len, hdrlen, m_length(m, NULL)));
1405 
1406 #ifdef TCP_HHOOK
1407 	/* Run HHOOK_TCP_ESTABLISHED_OUT helper hooks. */
1408 	hhook_run_tcp_est_out(tp, th, &to, len, tso);
1409 #endif
1410 
1411 	TCP_PROBE3(debug__output, tp, th, m);
1412 
1413 	/* We're getting ready to send; log now. */
1414 	/* XXXMT: We are not honoring verbose logging. */
1415 
1416 	if (tcp_bblogging_on(tp))
1417 		lgb = tcp_log_event(tp, th, &so->so_rcv, &so->so_snd,
1418 		    TCP_LOG_OUT, ERRNO_UNK, len, NULL, false, NULL, NULL, 0,
1419 		    NULL);
1420 	else
1421 		lgb = NULL;
1422 
1423 	/*
1424 	 * Fill in IP length and desired time to live and
1425 	 * send to IP level.  There should be a better way
1426 	 * to handle ttl and tos; we could keep them in
1427 	 * the template, but need a way to checksum without them.
1428 	 */
1429 	/*
1430 	 * m->m_pkthdr.len should have been set before checksum calculation,
1431 	 * because in6_cksum() need it.
1432 	 */
1433 #ifdef INET6
1434 	if (isipv6) {
1435 		/*
1436 		 * we separately set hoplimit for every segment, since the
1437 		 * user might want to change the value via setsockopt.
1438 		 * Also, desired default hop limit might be changed via
1439 		 * Neighbor Discovery.
1440 		 */
1441 		ip6->ip6_hlim = in6_selecthlim(inp, NULL);
1442 
1443 		/*
1444 		 * Set the packet size here for the benefit of DTrace probes.
1445 		 * ip6_output() will set it properly; it's supposed to include
1446 		 * the option header lengths as well.
1447 		 */
1448 		ip6->ip6_plen = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len - sizeof(*ip6));
1449 
1450 		if (V_path_mtu_discovery && tp->t_maxseg > V_tcp_minmss)
1451 			tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1452 		else
1453 			tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1454 
1455 		if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
1456 			TCP_PROBE5(connect__request, NULL, tp, ip6, tp, th);
1457 
1458 		TCP_PROBE5(send, NULL, tp, ip6, tp, th);
1459 
1460 #ifdef TCPPCAP
1461 		/* Save packet, if requested. */
1462 		tcp_pcap_add(th, m, &(tp->t_outpkts));
1463 #endif
1464 
1465 		/* TODO: IPv6 IP6TOS_ECT bit on */
1466 		error = ip6_output(m, inp->in6p_outputopts, &inp->inp_route6,
1467 		    ((so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE) ?  IP_ROUTETOIF : 0),
1468 		    NULL, NULL, inp);
1469 
1470 		if (error == EMSGSIZE && inp->inp_route6.ro_nh != NULL)
1471 			mtu = inp->inp_route6.ro_nh->nh_mtu;
1472 	}
1473 #endif /* INET6 */
1474 #if defined(INET) && defined(INET6)
1475 	else
1476 #endif
1477 #ifdef INET
1478     {
1479 	ip->ip_len = htons(m->m_pkthdr.len);
1480 #ifdef INET6
1481 	if (inp->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6PROTO)
1482 		ip->ip_ttl = in6_selecthlim(inp, NULL);
1483 #endif /* INET6 */
1484 	/*
1485 	 * If we do path MTU discovery, then we set DF on every packet.
1486 	 * This might not be the best thing to do according to RFC3390
1487 	 * Section 2. However the tcp hostcache migitates the problem
1488 	 * so it affects only the first tcp connection with a host.
1489 	 *
1490 	 * NB: Don't set DF on small MTU/MSS to have a safe fallback.
1491 	 */
1492 	if (V_path_mtu_discovery && tp->t_maxseg > V_tcp_minmss) {
1493 		tp->t_flags2 |= TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1494 		if (tp->t_port == 0 || len < V_tcp_minmss) {
1495 			ip->ip_off |= htons(IP_DF);
1496 		}
1497 	} else {
1498 		tp->t_flags2 &= ~TF2_PLPMTU_PMTUD;
1499 	}
1500 
1501 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
1502 		TCP_PROBE5(connect__request, NULL, tp, ip, tp, th);
1503 
1504 	TCP_PROBE5(send, NULL, tp, ip, tp, th);
1505 
1506 #ifdef TCPPCAP
1507 	/* Save packet, if requested. */
1508 	tcp_pcap_add(th, m, &(tp->t_outpkts));
1509 #endif
1510 
1511 	error = ip_output(m, inp->inp_options, &inp->inp_route,
1512 	    ((so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE) ? IP_ROUTETOIF : 0), 0, inp);
1513 
1514 	if (error == EMSGSIZE && inp->inp_route.ro_nh != NULL)
1515 		mtu = inp->inp_route.ro_nh->nh_mtu;
1516     }
1517 #endif /* INET */
1518 
1519 	if (lgb != NULL) {
1520 		lgb->tlb_errno = error;
1521 		lgb = NULL;
1522 	}
1523 out:
1524 	if (error == 0)
1525 		tcp_account_for_send(tp, len, (tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_max), 0, hw_tls);
1526 	/*
1527 	 * In transmit state, time the transmission and arrange for
1528 	 * the retransmit.  In persist state, just set snd_max.  In a closed
1529 	 * state just return.
1530 	 */
1531 	if (flags & TH_RST) {
1532 		TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndtotal);
1533 		return (0);
1534 	} else if ((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) == 0 ||
1535 	    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1536 		tcp_seq startseq = tp->snd_nxt;
1537 
1538 		/*
1539 		 * Advance snd_nxt over sequence space of this segment.
1540 		 */
1541 		if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN)) {
1542 			if (flags & TH_SYN)
1543 				tp->snd_nxt++;
1544 			if (flags & TH_FIN) {
1545 				tp->snd_nxt++;
1546 				tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
1547 			}
1548 		}
1549 		if (sack_rxmit)
1550 			goto timer;
1551 		tp->snd_nxt += len;
1552 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max)) {
1553 			/*
1554 			 * Update "made progress" indication if we just
1555 			 * added new data to an empty socket buffer.
1556 			 */
1557 			if (tp->snd_una == tp->snd_max)
1558 				tp->t_acktime = ticks;
1559 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt;
1560 			/*
1561 			 * Time this transmission if not a retransmission and
1562 			 * not currently timing anything.
1563 			 */
1564 			tp->t_sndtime = ticks;
1565 			if (tp->t_rtttime == 0) {
1566 				tp->t_rtttime = ticks;
1567 				tp->t_rtseq = startseq;
1568 				TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_segstimed);
1569 			}
1570 #ifdef STATS
1571 			if (!(tp->t_flags & TF_GPUTINPROG) && len) {
1572 				tp->t_flags |= TF_GPUTINPROG;
1573 				tp->gput_seq = startseq;
1574 				tp->gput_ack = startseq +
1575 				    ulmin(sbavail(&so->so_snd) - off, sendwin);
1576 				tp->gput_ts = tcp_ts_getticks();
1577 			}
1578 #endif /* STATS */
1579 		}
1580 
1581 		/*
1582 		 * Set retransmit timer if not currently set,
1583 		 * and not doing a pure ack or a keep-alive probe.
1584 		 * Initial value for retransmit timer is smoothed
1585 		 * round-trip time + 2 * round-trip time variance.
1586 		 * Initialize shift counter which is used for backoff
1587 		 * of retransmit time.
1588 		 */
1589 timer:
1590 		if (!tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
1591 		    ((sack_rxmit && tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_max) ||
1592 		     (tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una))) {
1593 			if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1594 				tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, 0);
1595 				tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
1596 			}
1597 			tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_REXMT, TP_RXTCUR(tp));
1598 		} else if (len == 0 && sbavail(&so->so_snd) &&
1599 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT) &&
1600 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) {
1601 			/*
1602 			 * Avoid a situation where we do not set persist timer
1603 			 * after a zero window condition. For example:
1604 			 * 1) A -> B: packet with enough data to fill the window
1605 			 * 2) B -> A: ACK for #1 + new data (0 window
1606 			 *    advertisement)
1607 			 * 3) A -> B: ACK for #2, 0 len packet
1608 			 *
1609 			 * In this case, A will not activate the persist timer,
1610 			 * because it chose to send a packet. Unless tcp_output
1611 			 * is called for some other reason (delayed ack timer,
1612 			 * another input packet from B, socket syscall), A will
1613 			 * not send zero window probes.
1614 			 *
1615 			 * So, if you send a 0-length packet, but there is data
1616 			 * in the socket buffer, and neither the rexmt or
1617 			 * persist timer is already set, then activate the
1618 			 * persist timer.
1619 			 */
1620 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
1621 			tcp_setpersist(tp);
1622 		}
1623 	} else {
1624 		/*
1625 		 * Persist case, update snd_max but since we are in
1626 		 * persist mode (no window) we do not update snd_nxt.
1627 		 */
1628 		int xlen = len;
1629 		if (flags & TH_SYN)
1630 			++xlen;
1631 		if (flags & TH_FIN) {
1632 			++xlen;
1633 			tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
1634 		}
1635 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt + xlen, tp->snd_max))
1636 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt + xlen;
1637 	}
1638 	if ((error == 0) &&
1639 	    (TCPS_HAVEESTABLISHED(tp->t_state) &&
1640 	     (tp->t_flags & TF_SACK_PERMIT) &&
1641 	     tp->rcv_numsacks > 0)) {
1642 		    /* Clean up any DSACK's sent */
1643 		    tcp_clean_dsack_blocks(tp);
1644 	}
1645 	if (error) {
1646 		/*
1647 		 * We know that the packet was lost, so back out the
1648 		 * sequence number advance, if any.
1649 		 *
1650 		 * If the error is EPERM the packet got blocked by the
1651 		 * local firewall.  Normally we should terminate the
1652 		 * connection but the blocking may have been spurious
1653 		 * due to a firewall reconfiguration cycle.  So we treat
1654 		 * it like a packet loss and let the retransmit timer and
1655 		 * timeouts do their work over time.
1656 		 * XXX: It is a POLA question whether calling tcp_drop right
1657 		 * away would be the really correct behavior instead.
1658 		 */
1659 		if (((tp->t_flags & TF_FORCEDATA) == 0 ||
1660 		    !tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_PERSIST)) &&
1661 		    ((flags & TH_SYN) == 0) &&
1662 		    (error != EPERM)) {
1663 			if (sack_rxmit) {
1664 				p->rxmit = SEQ_MIN(p->end, p->rxmit) - len;
1665 				tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit -= len;
1666 				KASSERT(tp->sackhint.sack_bytes_rexmit >= 0,
1667 				    ("sackhint bytes rtx >= 0"));
1668 				KASSERT((flags & TH_FIN) == 0,
1669 				    ("error while FIN with SACK rxmit"));
1670 			} else {
1671 				tp->snd_nxt -= len;
1672 				if (flags & TH_FIN)
1673 					tp->snd_nxt--;
1674 			}
1675 			if (IN_RECOVERY(tp->t_flags))
1676 				tp->sackhint.prr_out -= len;
1677 		}
1678 		SOCKBUF_UNLOCK_ASSERT(&so->so_snd);	/* Check gotos. */
1679 		switch (error) {
1680 		case EACCES:
1681 		case EPERM:
1682 			tp->t_softerror = error;
1683 			return (error);
1684 		case ENOBUFS:
1685 			TCP_XMIT_TIMER_ASSERT(tp, len, flags);
1686 			tp->snd_cwnd = tp->t_maxseg;
1687 			return (0);
1688 		case EMSGSIZE:
1689 			/*
1690 			 * For some reason the interface we used initially
1691 			 * to send segments changed to another or lowered
1692 			 * its MTU.
1693 			 * If TSO was active we either got an interface
1694 			 * without TSO capabilits or TSO was turned off.
1695 			 * If we obtained mtu from ip_output() then update
1696 			 * it and try again.
1697 			 */
1698 			if (tso)
1699 				tp->t_flags &= ~TF_TSO;
1700 			if (mtu != 0) {
1701 				tcp_mss_update(tp, -1, mtu, NULL, NULL);
1702 				goto again;
1703 			}
1704 			return (error);
1705 		case EHOSTDOWN:
1706 		case EHOSTUNREACH:
1707 		case ENETDOWN:
1708 		case ENETUNREACH:
1709 			if (TCPS_HAVERCVDSYN(tp->t_state)) {
1710 				tp->t_softerror = error;
1711 				return (0);
1712 			}
1713 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
1714 		default:
1715 			return (error);
1716 		}
1717 	}
1718 	TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sndtotal);
1719 
1720 	/*
1721 	 * Data sent (as far as we can tell).
1722 	 * If this advertises a larger window than any other segment,
1723 	 * then remember the size of the advertised window.
1724 	 * Any pending ACK has now been sent.
1725 	 */
1726 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_nxt + recwin, tp->rcv_adv))
1727 		tp->rcv_adv = tp->rcv_nxt + recwin;
1728 	tp->last_ack_sent = tp->rcv_nxt;
1729 	tp->t_flags &= ~(TF_ACKNOW | TF_DELACK);
1730 	if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_DELACK))
1731 		tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_DELACK, 0);
1732 	if (sendalot)
1733 		goto again;
1734 	return (0);
1735 }
1736 
1737 void
1738 tcp_setpersist(struct tcpcb *tp)
1739 {
1740 	int t = ((tp->t_srtt >> 2) + tp->t_rttvar) >> 1;
1741 	int tt;
1742 	int maxunacktime;
1743 
1744 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_PREVVALID;
1745 	if (tcp_timer_active(tp, TT_REXMT))
1746 		panic("tcp_setpersist: retransmit pending");
1747 	/*
1748 	 * If the state is already closed, don't bother.
1749 	 */
1750 	if (tp->t_state == TCPS_CLOSED)
1751 		return;
1752 
1753 	/*
1754 	 * Start/restart persistence timer.
1755 	 */
1756 	TCPT_RANGESET(tt, t * tcp_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift],
1757 		      tcp_persmin, tcp_persmax);
1758 	if (TP_MAXUNACKTIME(tp) && tp->t_acktime) {
1759 		maxunacktime = tp->t_acktime + TP_MAXUNACKTIME(tp) - ticks;
1760 		if (maxunacktime < 1)
1761 			maxunacktime = 1;
1762 		if (maxunacktime < tt)
1763 			tt = maxunacktime;
1764 	}
1765 	tcp_timer_activate(tp, TT_PERSIST, tt);
1766 	if (tp->t_rxtshift < V_tcp_retries)
1767 		tp->t_rxtshift++;
1768 }
1769 
1770 /*
1771  * Insert TCP options according to the supplied parameters to the place
1772  * optp in a consistent way.  Can handle unaligned destinations.
1773  *
1774  * The order of the option processing is crucial for optimal packing and
1775  * alignment for the scarce option space.
1776  *
1777  * The optimal order for a SYN/SYN-ACK segment is:
1778  *   MSS (4) + NOP (1) + Window scale (3) + SACK permitted (2) +
1779  *   Timestamp (10) + Signature (18) = 38 bytes out of a maximum of 40.
1780  *
1781  * The SACK options should be last.  SACK blocks consume 8*n+2 bytes.
1782  * So a full size SACK blocks option is 34 bytes (with 4 SACK blocks).
1783  * At minimum we need 10 bytes (to generate 1 SACK block).  If both
1784  * TCP Timestamps (12 bytes) and TCP Signatures (18 bytes) are present,
1785  * we only have 10 bytes for SACK options (40 - (12 + 18)).
1786  */
1787 int
1788 tcp_addoptions(struct tcpopt *to, u_char *optp)
1789 {
1790 	u_int32_t mask, optlen = 0;
1791 
1792 	for (mask = 1; mask < TOF_MAXOPT; mask <<= 1) {
1793 		if ((to->to_flags & mask) != mask)
1794 			continue;
1795 		if (optlen == TCP_MAXOLEN)
1796 			break;
1797 		switch (to->to_flags & mask) {
1798 		case TOF_MSS:
1799 			while (optlen % 4) {
1800 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1801 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1802 			}
1803 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_MAXSEG)
1804 				continue;
1805 			optlen += TCPOLEN_MAXSEG;
1806 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_MAXSEG;
1807 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_MAXSEG;
1808 			to->to_mss = htons(to->to_mss);
1809 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_mss, optp, sizeof(to->to_mss));
1810 			optp += sizeof(to->to_mss);
1811 			break;
1812 		case TOF_SCALE:
1813 			while (!optlen || optlen % 2 != 1) {
1814 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1815 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1816 			}
1817 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_WINDOW)
1818 				continue;
1819 			optlen += TCPOLEN_WINDOW;
1820 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_WINDOW;
1821 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_WINDOW;
1822 			*optp++ = to->to_wscale;
1823 			break;
1824 		case TOF_SACKPERM:
1825 			while (optlen % 2) {
1826 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1827 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1828 			}
1829 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED)
1830 				continue;
1831 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED;
1832 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SACK_PERMITTED;
1833 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SACK_PERMITTED;
1834 			break;
1835 		case TOF_TS:
1836 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1837 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1838 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1839 			}
1840 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP)
1841 				continue;
1842 			optlen += TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP;
1843 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_TIMESTAMP;
1844 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_TIMESTAMP;
1845 			to->to_tsval = htonl(to->to_tsval);
1846 			to->to_tsecr = htonl(to->to_tsecr);
1847 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_tsval, optp, sizeof(to->to_tsval));
1848 			optp += sizeof(to->to_tsval);
1849 			bcopy((u_char *)&to->to_tsecr, optp, sizeof(to->to_tsecr));
1850 			optp += sizeof(to->to_tsecr);
1851 			break;
1852 		case TOF_SIGNATURE:
1853 			{
1854 			int siglen = TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE - 2;
1855 
1856 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1857 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1858 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1859 			}
1860 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE) {
1861 				to->to_flags &= ~TOF_SIGNATURE;
1862 				continue;
1863 			}
1864 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE;
1865 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SIGNATURE;
1866 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SIGNATURE;
1867 			to->to_signature = optp;
1868 			while (siglen--)
1869 				 *optp++ = 0;
1870 			break;
1871 			}
1872 		case TOF_SACK:
1873 			{
1874 			int sackblks = 0;
1875 			struct sackblk *sack = (struct sackblk *)to->to_sacks;
1876 			tcp_seq sack_seq;
1877 
1878 			while (!optlen || optlen % 4 != 2) {
1879 				optlen += TCPOLEN_NOP;
1880 				*optp++ = TCPOPT_NOP;
1881 			}
1882 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < TCPOLEN_SACKHDR + TCPOLEN_SACK)
1883 				continue;
1884 			optlen += TCPOLEN_SACKHDR;
1885 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_SACK;
1886 			sackblks = min(to->to_nsacks,
1887 					(TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen) / TCPOLEN_SACK);
1888 			*optp++ = TCPOLEN_SACKHDR + sackblks * TCPOLEN_SACK;
1889 			while (sackblks--) {
1890 				sack_seq = htonl(sack->start);
1891 				bcopy((u_char *)&sack_seq, optp, sizeof(sack_seq));
1892 				optp += sizeof(sack_seq);
1893 				sack_seq = htonl(sack->end);
1894 				bcopy((u_char *)&sack_seq, optp, sizeof(sack_seq));
1895 				optp += sizeof(sack_seq);
1896 				optlen += TCPOLEN_SACK;
1897 				sack++;
1898 			}
1899 			TCPSTAT_INC(tcps_sack_send_blocks);
1900 			break;
1901 			}
1902 		case TOF_FASTOPEN:
1903 			{
1904 			int total_len;
1905 
1906 			/* XXX is there any point to aligning this option? */
1907 			total_len = TCPOLEN_FAST_OPEN_EMPTY + to->to_tfo_len;
1908 			if (TCP_MAXOLEN - optlen < total_len) {
1909 				to->to_flags &= ~TOF_FASTOPEN;
1910 				continue;
1911 			}
1912 			*optp++ = TCPOPT_FAST_OPEN;
1913 			*optp++ = total_len;
1914 			if (to->to_tfo_len > 0) {
1915 				bcopy(to->to_tfo_cookie, optp, to->to_tfo_len);
1916 				optp += to->to_tfo_len;
1917 			}
1918 			optlen += total_len;
1919 			break;
1920 			}
1921 		default:
1922 			panic("%s: unknown TCP option type", __func__);
1923 			break;
1924 		}
1925 	}
1926 
1927 	/* Terminate and pad TCP options to a 4 byte boundary. */
1928 	if (optlen % 4) {
1929 		optlen += TCPOLEN_EOL;
1930 		*optp++ = TCPOPT_EOL;
1931 	}
1932 	/*
1933 	 * According to RFC 793 (STD0007):
1934 	 *   "The content of the header beyond the End-of-Option option
1935 	 *    must be header padding (i.e., zero)."
1936 	 *   and later: "The padding is composed of zeros."
1937 	 */
1938 	while (optlen % 4) {
1939 		optlen += TCPOLEN_PAD;
1940 		*optp++ = TCPOPT_PAD;
1941 	}
1942 
1943 	KASSERT(optlen <= TCP_MAXOLEN, ("%s: TCP options too long", __func__));
1944 	return (optlen);
1945 }
1946 
1947 /*
1948  * This is a copy of m_copym(), taking the TSO segment size/limit
1949  * constraints into account, and advancing the sndptr as it goes.
1950  */
1951 struct mbuf *
1952 tcp_m_copym(struct mbuf *m, int32_t off0, int32_t *plen,
1953     int32_t seglimit, int32_t segsize, struct sockbuf *sb, bool hw_tls)
1954 {
1955 #ifdef KERN_TLS
1956 	struct ktls_session *tls, *ntls;
1957 	struct mbuf *start __diagused;
1958 #endif
1959 	struct mbuf *n, **np;
1960 	struct mbuf *top;
1961 	int32_t off = off0;
1962 	int32_t len = *plen;
1963 	int32_t fragsize;
1964 	int32_t len_cp = 0;
1965 	int32_t *pkthdrlen;
1966 	uint32_t mlen, frags;
1967 	bool copyhdr;
1968 
1969 	KASSERT(off >= 0, ("tcp_m_copym, negative off %d", off));
1970 	KASSERT(len >= 0, ("tcp_m_copym, negative len %d", len));
1971 	if (off == 0 && m->m_flags & M_PKTHDR)
1972 		copyhdr = true;
1973 	else
1974 		copyhdr = false;
1975 	while (off > 0) {
1976 		KASSERT(m != NULL, ("tcp_m_copym, offset > size of mbuf chain"));
1977 		if (off < m->m_len)
1978 			break;
1979 		off -= m->m_len;
1980 		if ((sb) && (m == sb->sb_sndptr)) {
1981 			sb->sb_sndptroff += m->m_len;
1982 			sb->sb_sndptr = m->m_next;
1983 		}
1984 		m = m->m_next;
1985 	}
1986 	np = &top;
1987 	top = NULL;
1988 	pkthdrlen = NULL;
1989 #ifdef KERN_TLS
1990 	if (hw_tls && (m->m_flags & M_EXTPG))
1991 		tls = m->m_epg_tls;
1992 	else
1993 		tls = NULL;
1994 	start = m;
1995 #endif
1996 	while (len > 0) {
1997 		if (m == NULL) {
1998 			KASSERT(len == M_COPYALL,
1999 			    ("tcp_m_copym, length > size of mbuf chain"));
2000 			*plen = len_cp;
2001 			if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2002 				*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
2003 			break;
2004 		}
2005 #ifdef KERN_TLS
2006 		if (hw_tls) {
2007 			if (m->m_flags & M_EXTPG)
2008 				ntls = m->m_epg_tls;
2009 			else
2010 				ntls = NULL;
2011 
2012 			/*
2013 			 * Avoid mixing TLS records with handshake
2014 			 * data or TLS records from different
2015 			 * sessions.
2016 			 */
2017 			if (tls != ntls) {
2018 				MPASS(m != start);
2019 				*plen = len_cp;
2020 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2021 					*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
2022 				break;
2023 			}
2024 		}
2025 #endif
2026 		mlen = min(len, m->m_len - off);
2027 		if (seglimit) {
2028 			/*
2029 			 * For M_EXTPG mbufs, add 3 segments
2030 			 * + 1 in case we are crossing page boundaries
2031 			 * + 2 in case the TLS hdr/trailer are used
2032 			 * It is cheaper to just add the segments
2033 			 * than it is to take the cache miss to look
2034 			 * at the mbuf ext_pgs state in detail.
2035 			 */
2036 			if (m->m_flags & M_EXTPG) {
2037 				fragsize = min(segsize, PAGE_SIZE);
2038 				frags = 3;
2039 			} else {
2040 				fragsize = segsize;
2041 				frags = 0;
2042 			}
2043 
2044 			/* Break if we really can't fit anymore. */
2045 			if ((frags + 1) >= seglimit) {
2046 				*plen =	len_cp;
2047 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2048 					*pkthdrlen = len_cp;
2049 				break;
2050 			}
2051 
2052 			/*
2053 			 * Reduce size if you can't copy the whole
2054 			 * mbuf. If we can't copy the whole mbuf, also
2055 			 * adjust len so the loop will end after this
2056 			 * mbuf.
2057 			 */
2058 			if ((frags + howmany(mlen, fragsize)) >= seglimit) {
2059 				mlen = (seglimit - frags - 1) * fragsize;
2060 				len = mlen;
2061 				*plen = len_cp + len;
2062 				if (pkthdrlen != NULL)
2063 					*pkthdrlen = *plen;
2064 			}
2065 			frags += howmany(mlen, fragsize);
2066 			if (frags == 0)
2067 				frags++;
2068 			seglimit -= frags;
2069 			KASSERT(seglimit > 0,
2070 			    ("%s: seglimit went too low", __func__));
2071 		}
2072 		if (copyhdr)
2073 			n = m_gethdr(M_NOWAIT, m->m_type);
2074 		else
2075 			n = m_get(M_NOWAIT, m->m_type);
2076 		*np = n;
2077 		if (n == NULL)
2078 			goto nospace;
2079 		if (copyhdr) {
2080 			if (!m_dup_pkthdr(n, m, M_NOWAIT))
2081 				goto nospace;
2082 			if (len == M_COPYALL)
2083 				n->m_pkthdr.len -= off0;
2084 			else
2085 				n->m_pkthdr.len = len;
2086 			pkthdrlen = &n->m_pkthdr.len;
2087 			copyhdr = false;
2088 		}
2089 		n->m_len = mlen;
2090 		len_cp += n->m_len;
2091 		if (m->m_flags & (M_EXT | M_EXTPG)) {
2092 			n->m_data = m->m_data + off;
2093 			mb_dupcl(n, m);
2094 		} else
2095 			bcopy(mtod(m, caddr_t)+off, mtod(n, caddr_t),
2096 			    (u_int)n->m_len);
2097 
2098 		if (sb && (sb->sb_sndptr == m) &&
2099 		    ((n->m_len + off) >= m->m_len) && m->m_next) {
2100 			sb->sb_sndptroff += m->m_len;
2101 			sb->sb_sndptr = m->m_next;
2102 		}
2103 		off = 0;
2104 		if (len != M_COPYALL) {
2105 			len -= n->m_len;
2106 		}
2107 		m = m->m_next;
2108 		np = &n->m_next;
2109 	}
2110 	return (top);
2111 nospace:
2112 	m_freem(top);
2113 	return (NULL);
2114 }
2115 
2116 void
2117 tcp_sndbuf_autoscale(struct tcpcb *tp, struct socket *so, uint32_t sendwin)
2118 {
2119 
2120 	/*
2121 	 * Automatic sizing of send socket buffer.  Often the send buffer
2122 	 * size is not optimally adjusted to the actual network conditions
2123 	 * at hand (delay bandwidth product).  Setting the buffer size too
2124 	 * small limits throughput on links with high bandwidth and high
2125 	 * delay (eg. trans-continental/oceanic links).  Setting the
2126 	 * buffer size too big consumes too much real kernel memory,
2127 	 * especially with many connections on busy servers.
2128 	 *
2129 	 * The criteria to step up the send buffer one notch are:
2130 	 *  1. receive window of remote host is larger than send buffer
2131 	 *     (with a fudge factor of 5/4th);
2132 	 *  2. send buffer is filled to 7/8th with data (so we actually
2133 	 *     have data to make use of it);
2134 	 *  3. send buffer fill has not hit maximal automatic size;
2135 	 *  4. our send window (slow start and cogestion controlled) is
2136 	 *     larger than sent but unacknowledged data in send buffer.
2137 	 *
2138 	 * The remote host receive window scaling factor may limit the
2139 	 * growing of the send buffer before it reaches its allowed
2140 	 * maximum.
2141 	 *
2142 	 * It scales directly with slow start or congestion window
2143 	 * and does at most one step per received ACK.  This fast
2144 	 * scaling has the drawback of growing the send buffer beyond
2145 	 * what is strictly necessary to make full use of a given
2146 	 * delay*bandwidth product.  However testing has shown this not
2147 	 * to be much of an problem.  At worst we are trading wasting
2148 	 * of available bandwidth (the non-use of it) for wasting some
2149 	 * socket buffer memory.
2150 	 *
2151 	 * TODO: Shrink send buffer during idle periods together
2152 	 * with congestion window.  Requires another timer.  Has to
2153 	 * wait for upcoming tcp timer rewrite.
2154 	 *
2155 	 * XXXGL: should there be used sbused() or sbavail()?
2156 	 */
2157 	if (V_tcp_do_autosndbuf && so->so_snd.sb_flags & SB_AUTOSIZE) {
2158 		int lowat;
2159 
2160 		lowat = V_tcp_sendbuf_auto_lowat ? so->so_snd.sb_lowat : 0;
2161 		if ((tp->snd_wnd / 4 * 5) >= so->so_snd.sb_hiwat - lowat &&
2162 		    sbused(&so->so_snd) >=
2163 		    (so->so_snd.sb_hiwat / 8 * 7) - lowat &&
2164 		    sbused(&so->so_snd) < V_tcp_autosndbuf_max &&
2165 		    sendwin >= (sbused(&so->so_snd) -
2166 		    (tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una))) {
2167 			if (!sbreserve_locked(so, SO_SND,
2168 			    min(so->so_snd.sb_hiwat + V_tcp_autosndbuf_inc,
2169 			     V_tcp_autosndbuf_max), curthread))
2170 				so->so_snd.sb_flags &= ~SB_AUTOSIZE;
2171 		}
2172 	}
2173 }
2174