1 /*- 2 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1989, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 5 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 6 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 7 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 8 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20 * without specific prior written permission. 21 * 22 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32 * SUCH DAMAGE. 33 * 34 * @(#)param.c 8.3 (Berkeley) 8/20/94 35 */ 36 37 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 38 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 39 40 #include "opt_param.h" 41 #include "opt_msgbuf.h" 42 #include "opt_maxusers.h" 43 44 #include <sys/param.h> 45 #include <sys/systm.h> 46 #include <sys/kernel.h> 47 #include <sys/limits.h> 48 #include <sys/msgbuf.h> 49 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 50 #include <sys/proc.h> 51 52 #include <vm/vm.h> 53 #include <vm/vm_param.h> 54 #include <vm/pmap.h> 55 56 /* 57 * System parameter formulae. 58 */ 59 60 #ifndef HZ 61 # if defined(__mips__) || defined(__arm__) 62 # define HZ 100 63 # else 64 # define HZ 1000 65 # endif 66 # ifndef HZ_VM 67 # define HZ_VM 100 68 # endif 69 #else 70 # ifndef HZ_VM 71 # define HZ_VM HZ 72 # endif 73 #endif 74 #define NPROC (20 + 16 * maxusers) 75 #ifndef NBUF 76 #define NBUF 0 77 #endif 78 #ifndef MAXFILES 79 #define MAXFILES (maxproc * 2) 80 #endif 81 82 static int sysctl_kern_vm_guest(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS); 83 84 int hz; 85 int tick; 86 int maxusers; /* base tunable */ 87 int maxproc; /* maximum # of processes */ 88 int maxprocperuid; /* max # of procs per user */ 89 int maxfiles; /* sys. wide open files limit */ 90 int maxfilesperproc; /* per-proc open files limit */ 91 int msgbufsize; /* size of kernel message buffer */ 92 int ncallout; /* maximum # of timer events */ 93 int nbuf; 94 int ngroups_max; /* max # groups per process */ 95 int nswbuf; 96 pid_t pid_max = PID_MAX; 97 long maxswzone; /* max swmeta KVA storage */ 98 long maxbcache; /* max buffer cache KVA storage */ 99 long maxpipekva; /* Limit on pipe KVA */ 100 int vm_guest; /* Running as virtual machine guest? */ 101 u_long maxtsiz; /* max text size */ 102 u_long dfldsiz; /* initial data size limit */ 103 u_long maxdsiz; /* max data size */ 104 u_long dflssiz; /* initial stack size limit */ 105 u_long maxssiz; /* max stack size */ 106 u_long sgrowsiz; /* amount to grow stack */ 107 108 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, hz, CTLFLAG_RDTUN, &hz, 0, 109 "Number of clock ticks per second"); 110 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, ncallout, CTLFLAG_RDTUN, &ncallout, 0, 111 "Number of pre-allocated timer events"); 112 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, nbuf, CTLFLAG_RDTUN, &nbuf, 0, 113 "Number of buffers in the buffer cache"); 114 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, nswbuf, CTLFLAG_RDTUN, &nswbuf, 0, 115 "Number of swap buffers"); 116 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, msgbufsize, CTLFLAG_RDTUN, &msgbufsize, 0, 117 "Size of the kernel message buffer"); 118 SYSCTL_LONG(_kern, OID_AUTO, maxswzone, CTLFLAG_RDTUN, &maxswzone, 0, 119 "Maximum memory for swap metadata"); 120 SYSCTL_LONG(_kern, OID_AUTO, maxbcache, CTLFLAG_RDTUN, &maxbcache, 0, 121 "Maximum value of vfs.maxbufspace"); 122 SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern, OID_AUTO, maxtsiz, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_TUN, &maxtsiz, 0, 123 "Maximum text size"); 124 SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern, OID_AUTO, dfldsiz, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_TUN, &dfldsiz, 0, 125 "Initial data size limit"); 126 SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern, OID_AUTO, maxdsiz, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_TUN, &maxdsiz, 0, 127 "Maximum data size"); 128 SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern, OID_AUTO, dflssiz, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_TUN, &dflssiz, 0, 129 "Initial stack size limit"); 130 SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern, OID_AUTO, maxssiz, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_TUN, &maxssiz, 0, 131 "Maximum stack size"); 132 SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern, OID_AUTO, sgrowsiz, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_TUN, &sgrowsiz, 0, 133 "Amount to grow stack on a stack fault"); 134 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, OID_AUTO, vm_guest, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLTYPE_STRING, 135 NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_vm_guest, "A", 136 "Virtual machine guest detected? (none|generic|xen)"); 137 138 /* 139 * These have to be allocated somewhere; allocating 140 * them here forces loader errors if this file is omitted 141 * (if they've been externed everywhere else; hah!). 142 */ 143 struct buf *swbuf; 144 145 /* 146 * The elements of this array are ordered based upon the values of the 147 * corresponding enum VM_GUEST members. 148 */ 149 static const char *const vm_guest_sysctl_names[] = { 150 "none", 151 "generic", 152 "xen", 153 NULL 154 }; 155 156 #ifndef XEN 157 static const char *const vm_bnames[] = { 158 "QEMU", /* QEMU */ 159 "Plex86", /* Plex86 */ 160 "Bochs", /* Bochs */ 161 "Xen", /* Xen */ 162 NULL 163 }; 164 165 static const char *const vm_pnames[] = { 166 "VMware Virtual Platform", /* VMWare VM */ 167 "Virtual Machine", /* Microsoft VirtualPC */ 168 "VirtualBox", /* Sun xVM VirtualBox */ 169 "Parallels Virtual Platform", /* Parallels VM */ 170 NULL 171 }; 172 173 174 /* 175 * Detect known Virtual Machine hosts by inspecting the emulated BIOS. 176 */ 177 static enum VM_GUEST 178 detect_virtual(void) 179 { 180 char *sysenv; 181 int i; 182 183 sysenv = getenv("smbios.bios.vendor"); 184 if (sysenv != NULL) { 185 for (i = 0; vm_bnames[i] != NULL; i++) 186 if (strcmp(sysenv, vm_bnames[i]) == 0) { 187 freeenv(sysenv); 188 return (VM_GUEST_VM); 189 } 190 freeenv(sysenv); 191 } 192 sysenv = getenv("smbios.system.product"); 193 if (sysenv != NULL) { 194 for (i = 0; vm_pnames[i] != NULL; i++) 195 if (strcmp(sysenv, vm_pnames[i]) == 0) { 196 freeenv(sysenv); 197 return (VM_GUEST_VM); 198 } 199 freeenv(sysenv); 200 } 201 return (VM_GUEST_NO); 202 } 203 #endif 204 205 /* 206 * Boot time overrides that are not scaled against main memory 207 */ 208 void 209 init_param1(void) 210 { 211 #ifndef XEN 212 vm_guest = detect_virtual(); 213 #else 214 vm_guest = VM_GUEST_XEN; 215 #endif 216 hz = -1; 217 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.hz", &hz); 218 if (hz == -1) 219 hz = vm_guest > VM_GUEST_NO ? HZ_VM : HZ; 220 tick = 1000000 / hz; 221 222 #ifdef VM_SWZONE_SIZE_MAX 223 maxswzone = VM_SWZONE_SIZE_MAX; 224 #endif 225 TUNABLE_LONG_FETCH("kern.maxswzone", &maxswzone); 226 #ifdef VM_BCACHE_SIZE_MAX 227 maxbcache = VM_BCACHE_SIZE_MAX; 228 #endif 229 TUNABLE_LONG_FETCH("kern.maxbcache", &maxbcache); 230 msgbufsize = MSGBUF_SIZE; 231 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.msgbufsize", &msgbufsize); 232 233 maxtsiz = MAXTSIZ; 234 TUNABLE_ULONG_FETCH("kern.maxtsiz", &maxtsiz); 235 dfldsiz = DFLDSIZ; 236 TUNABLE_ULONG_FETCH("kern.dfldsiz", &dfldsiz); 237 maxdsiz = MAXDSIZ; 238 TUNABLE_ULONG_FETCH("kern.maxdsiz", &maxdsiz); 239 dflssiz = DFLSSIZ; 240 TUNABLE_ULONG_FETCH("kern.dflssiz", &dflssiz); 241 maxssiz = MAXSSIZ; 242 TUNABLE_ULONG_FETCH("kern.maxssiz", &maxssiz); 243 sgrowsiz = SGROWSIZ; 244 TUNABLE_ULONG_FETCH("kern.sgrowsiz", &sgrowsiz); 245 246 /* 247 * Let the administrator set {NGROUPS_MAX}, but disallow values 248 * less than NGROUPS_MAX which would violate POSIX.1-2008 or 249 * greater than INT_MAX-1 which would result in overflow. 250 */ 251 ngroups_max = NGROUPS_MAX; 252 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.ngroups", &ngroups_max); 253 if (ngroups_max < NGROUPS_MAX) 254 ngroups_max = NGROUPS_MAX; 255 256 /* 257 * Only allow to lower the maximal pid. 258 * Prevent setting up a non-bootable system if pid_max is too low. 259 */ 260 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.pid_max", &pid_max); 261 if (pid_max > PID_MAX) 262 pid_max = PID_MAX; 263 else if (pid_max < 300) 264 pid_max = 300; 265 } 266 267 /* 268 * Boot time overrides that are scaled against main memory 269 */ 270 void 271 init_param2(long physpages) 272 { 273 274 /* Base parameters */ 275 maxusers = MAXUSERS; 276 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.maxusers", &maxusers); 277 if (maxusers == 0) { 278 maxusers = physpages / (2 * 1024 * 1024 / PAGE_SIZE); 279 if (maxusers < 32) 280 maxusers = 32; 281 if (maxusers > 384) 282 maxusers = 384; 283 } 284 285 /* 286 * The following can be overridden after boot via sysctl. Note: 287 * unless overriden, these macros are ultimately based on maxusers. 288 */ 289 maxproc = NPROC; 290 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.maxproc", &maxproc); 291 /* 292 * Limit maxproc so that kmap entries cannot be exhausted by 293 * processes. 294 */ 295 if (maxproc > (physpages / 12)) 296 maxproc = physpages / 12; 297 maxfiles = MAXFILES; 298 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.maxfiles", &maxfiles); 299 maxprocperuid = (maxproc * 9) / 10; 300 maxfilesperproc = (maxfiles * 9) / 10; 301 302 /* 303 * Cannot be changed after boot. 304 */ 305 nbuf = NBUF; 306 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.nbuf", &nbuf); 307 308 ncallout = 16 + maxproc + maxfiles; 309 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.ncallout", &ncallout); 310 311 /* 312 * The default for maxpipekva is min(1/64 of the kernel address space, 313 * max(1/64 of main memory, 512KB)). See sys_pipe.c for more details. 314 */ 315 maxpipekva = (physpages / 64) * PAGE_SIZE; 316 if (maxpipekva < 512 * 1024) 317 maxpipekva = 512 * 1024; 318 if (maxpipekva > (VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS - VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS) / 64) 319 maxpipekva = (VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS - VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS) / 320 64; 321 TUNABLE_LONG_FETCH("kern.ipc.maxpipekva", &maxpipekva); 322 } 323 324 /* 325 * Sysctl stringiying handler for kern.vm_guest. 326 */ 327 static int 328 sysctl_kern_vm_guest(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS) 329 { 330 return (SYSCTL_OUT(req, vm_guest_sysctl_names[vm_guest], 331 strlen(vm_guest_sysctl_names[vm_guest]))); 332 } 333