xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/subr_msgbuf.c (revision eda14cbc264d6969b02f2b1994cef11148e914f1)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003 Ian Dowse.  All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
16  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
18  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
19  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
20  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
21  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
22  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
23  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
24  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
25  * SUCH DAMAGE.
26  *
27  * $FreeBSD$
28  */
29 
30 /*
31  * Generic message buffer support routines.
32  */
33 
34 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <sys/systm.h>
36 #include <sys/lock.h>
37 #include <sys/kernel.h>
38 #include <sys/mutex.h>
39 #include <sys/msgbuf.h>
40 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
41 
42 /*
43  * Maximum number conversion buffer length: uintmax_t in base 2, plus <>
44  * around the priority, and a terminating NUL.
45  */
46 #define	MAXPRIBUF	(sizeof(intmax_t) * NBBY + 3)
47 
48 /* Read/write sequence numbers are modulo a multiple of the buffer size. */
49 #define SEQMOD(size) ((size) * 16)
50 
51 static u_int msgbuf_cksum(struct msgbuf *mbp);
52 
53 /*
54  * Timestamps in msgbuf are useful when trying to diagnose when core dumps
55  * or other actions occurred.
56  */
57 static int msgbuf_show_timestamp = 0;
58 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, msgbuf_show_timestamp, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
59     &msgbuf_show_timestamp, 0, "Show timestamp in msgbuf");
60 
61 /*
62  * Initialize a message buffer of the specified size at the specified
63  * location. This also zeros the buffer area.
64  */
65 void
66 msgbuf_init(struct msgbuf *mbp, void *ptr, int size)
67 {
68 
69 	mbp->msg_ptr = ptr;
70 	mbp->msg_size = size;
71 	mbp->msg_seqmod = SEQMOD(size);
72 	msgbuf_clear(mbp);
73 	mbp->msg_magic = MSG_MAGIC;
74 	mbp->msg_lastpri = -1;
75 	mbp->msg_flags = 0;
76 	bzero(&mbp->msg_lock, sizeof(mbp->msg_lock));
77 	mtx_init(&mbp->msg_lock, "msgbuf", NULL, MTX_SPIN);
78 }
79 
80 /*
81  * Reinitialize a message buffer, retaining its previous contents if
82  * the size and checksum are correct. If the old contents cannot be
83  * recovered, the message buffer is cleared.
84  */
85 void
86 msgbuf_reinit(struct msgbuf *mbp, void *ptr, int size)
87 {
88 	u_int cksum;
89 
90 	if (mbp->msg_magic != MSG_MAGIC || mbp->msg_size != size) {
91 		msgbuf_init(mbp, ptr, size);
92 		return;
93 	}
94 	mbp->msg_seqmod = SEQMOD(size);
95 	mbp->msg_wseq = MSGBUF_SEQNORM(mbp, mbp->msg_wseq);
96 	mbp->msg_rseq = MSGBUF_SEQNORM(mbp, mbp->msg_rseq);
97         mbp->msg_ptr = ptr;
98 	cksum = msgbuf_cksum(mbp);
99 	if (cksum != mbp->msg_cksum) {
100 		if (bootverbose) {
101 			printf("msgbuf cksum mismatch (read %x, calc %x)\n",
102 			    mbp->msg_cksum, cksum);
103 			printf("Old msgbuf not recovered\n");
104 		}
105 		msgbuf_clear(mbp);
106 	}
107 
108 	mbp->msg_lastpri = -1;
109 	/* Assume that the old message buffer didn't end in a newline. */
110 	mbp->msg_flags |= MSGBUF_NEEDNL;
111 	bzero(&mbp->msg_lock, sizeof(mbp->msg_lock));
112 	mtx_init(&mbp->msg_lock, "msgbuf", NULL, MTX_SPIN);
113 }
114 
115 /*
116  * Clear the message buffer.
117  */
118 void
119 msgbuf_clear(struct msgbuf *mbp)
120 {
121 
122 	bzero(mbp->msg_ptr, mbp->msg_size);
123 	mbp->msg_wseq = 0;
124 	mbp->msg_rseq = 0;
125 	mbp->msg_cksum = 0;
126 }
127 
128 /*
129  * Get a count of the number of unread characters in the message buffer.
130  */
131 int
132 msgbuf_getcount(struct msgbuf *mbp)
133 {
134 	u_int len;
135 
136 	len = MSGBUF_SEQSUB(mbp, mbp->msg_wseq, mbp->msg_rseq);
137 	if (len > mbp->msg_size)
138 		len = mbp->msg_size;
139 	return (len);
140 }
141 
142 /*
143  * Add a character into the message buffer, and update the checksum and
144  * sequence number.
145  *
146  * The caller should hold the message buffer spinlock.
147  */
148 
149 static void
150 msgbuf_do_addchar(struct msgbuf * const mbp, u_int * const seq, const int c)
151 {
152 	u_int pos;
153 
154 	/* Make sure we properly wrap the sequence number. */
155 	pos = MSGBUF_SEQ_TO_POS(mbp, *seq);
156 	mbp->msg_cksum += (u_int)(u_char)c -
157 	    (u_int)(u_char)mbp->msg_ptr[pos];
158 	mbp->msg_ptr[pos] = c;
159 	*seq = MSGBUF_SEQNORM(mbp, *seq + 1);
160 }
161 
162 /*
163  * Append a character to a message buffer.
164  */
165 void
166 msgbuf_addchar(struct msgbuf *mbp, int c)
167 {
168 	mtx_lock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
169 
170 	msgbuf_do_addchar(mbp, &mbp->msg_wseq, c);
171 
172 	mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
173 }
174 
175 /*
176  * Append a NUL-terminated string with a priority to a message buffer.
177  * Filter carriage returns if the caller requests it.
178  *
179  * XXX The carriage return filtering behavior is present in the
180  * msglogchar() API, however testing has shown that we don't seem to send
181  * carriage returns down this path.  So do we still need it?
182  */
183 void
184 msgbuf_addstr(struct msgbuf *mbp, int pri, const char *str, int filter_cr)
185 {
186 	u_int seq;
187 	size_t len, prefix_len;
188 	char prefix[MAXPRIBUF];
189 	char buf[32];
190 	int i, j, needtime;
191 
192 	len = strlen(str);
193 	prefix_len = 0;
194 
195 	/* If we have a zero-length string, no need to do anything. */
196 	if (len == 0)
197 		return;
198 
199 	mtx_lock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
200 
201 	/*
202 	 * If this is true, we may need to insert a new priority sequence,
203 	 * so prepare the prefix.
204 	 */
205 	if (pri != -1)
206 		prefix_len = sprintf(prefix, "<%d>", pri);
207 
208 	/*
209 	 * Starting write sequence number.
210 	 */
211 	seq = mbp->msg_wseq;
212 
213 	/*
214 	 * Whenever there is a change in priority, we have to insert a
215 	 * newline, and a priority prefix if the priority is not -1.  Here
216 	 * we detect whether there was a priority change, and whether we
217 	 * did not end with a newline.  If that is the case, we need to
218 	 * insert a newline before this string.
219 	 */
220 	if (mbp->msg_lastpri != pri && (mbp->msg_flags & MSGBUF_NEEDNL) != 0) {
221 
222 		msgbuf_do_addchar(mbp, &seq, '\n');
223 		mbp->msg_flags &= ~MSGBUF_NEEDNL;
224 	}
225 
226 	needtime = 1;
227 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
228 		/*
229 		 * If we just had a newline, and the priority is not -1
230 		 * (and therefore prefix_len != 0), then we need a priority
231 		 * prefix for this line.
232 		 */
233 		if ((mbp->msg_flags & MSGBUF_NEEDNL) == 0 && prefix_len != 0) {
234 			int j;
235 
236 			for (j = 0; j < prefix_len; j++)
237 				msgbuf_do_addchar(mbp, &seq, prefix[j]);
238 		}
239 
240 		if (msgbuf_show_timestamp && needtime == 1 &&
241 		    (mbp->msg_flags & MSGBUF_NEEDNL) == 0) {
242 
243 			snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "[%jd] ",
244 			    (intmax_t)time_uptime);
245 			for (j = 0; buf[j] != '\0'; j++)
246 				msgbuf_do_addchar(mbp, &seq, buf[j]);
247 			needtime = 0;
248 		}
249 
250 		/*
251 		 * Don't copy carriage returns if the caller requested
252 		 * filtering.
253 		 *
254 		 * XXX This matches the behavior of msglogchar(), but is it
255 		 * necessary?  Testing has shown that we don't seem to get
256 		 * carriage returns here.
257 		 */
258 		if ((filter_cr != 0) && (str[i] == '\r'))
259 			continue;
260 
261 		/*
262 		 * Clear this flag if we see a newline.  This affects whether
263 		 * we need to insert a new prefix or insert a newline later.
264 		 */
265 		if (str[i] == '\n')
266 			mbp->msg_flags &= ~MSGBUF_NEEDNL;
267 		else
268 			mbp->msg_flags |= MSGBUF_NEEDNL;
269 
270 		msgbuf_do_addchar(mbp, &seq, str[i]);
271 	}
272 	/*
273 	 * Update the write sequence number for the actual number of
274 	 * characters we put in the message buffer.  (Depends on whether
275 	 * carriage returns are filtered.)
276 	 */
277 	mbp->msg_wseq = seq;
278 
279 	/*
280 	 * Set the last priority.
281 	 */
282 	mbp->msg_lastpri = pri;
283 
284 	mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
285 
286 }
287 
288 /*
289  * Read and mark as read a character from a message buffer.
290  * Returns the character, or -1 if no characters are available.
291  */
292 int
293 msgbuf_getchar(struct msgbuf *mbp)
294 {
295 	u_int len, wseq;
296 	int c;
297 
298 	mtx_lock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
299 
300 	wseq = mbp->msg_wseq;
301 	len = MSGBUF_SEQSUB(mbp, wseq, mbp->msg_rseq);
302 	if (len == 0) {
303 		mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
304 		return (-1);
305 	}
306 	if (len > mbp->msg_size)
307 		mbp->msg_rseq = MSGBUF_SEQNORM(mbp, wseq - mbp->msg_size);
308 	c = (u_char)mbp->msg_ptr[MSGBUF_SEQ_TO_POS(mbp, mbp->msg_rseq)];
309 	mbp->msg_rseq = MSGBUF_SEQNORM(mbp, mbp->msg_rseq + 1);
310 
311 	mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
312 
313 	return (c);
314 }
315 
316 /*
317  * Read and mark as read a number of characters from a message buffer.
318  * Returns the number of characters that were placed in `buf'.
319  */
320 int
321 msgbuf_getbytes(struct msgbuf *mbp, char *buf, int buflen)
322 {
323 	u_int len, pos, wseq;
324 
325 	mtx_lock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
326 
327 	wseq = mbp->msg_wseq;
328 	len = MSGBUF_SEQSUB(mbp, wseq, mbp->msg_rseq);
329 	if (len == 0) {
330 		mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
331 		return (0);
332 	}
333 	if (len > mbp->msg_size) {
334 		mbp->msg_rseq = MSGBUF_SEQNORM(mbp, wseq - mbp->msg_size);
335 		len = mbp->msg_size;
336 	}
337 	pos = MSGBUF_SEQ_TO_POS(mbp, mbp->msg_rseq);
338 	len = min(len, mbp->msg_size - pos);
339 	len = min(len, (u_int)buflen);
340 
341 	bcopy(&mbp->msg_ptr[pos], buf, len);
342 	mbp->msg_rseq = MSGBUF_SEQNORM(mbp, mbp->msg_rseq + len);
343 
344 	mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
345 
346 	return (len);
347 }
348 
349 /*
350  * Peek at the full contents of a message buffer without marking any
351  * data as read. `seqp' should point to an unsigned integer that
352  * msgbuf_peekbytes() can use to retain state between calls so that
353  * the whole message buffer can be read in multiple short reads.
354  * To initialise this variable to the start of the message buffer,
355  * call msgbuf_peekbytes() with a NULL `buf' parameter.
356  *
357  * Returns the number of characters that were placed in `buf'.
358  */
359 int
360 msgbuf_peekbytes(struct msgbuf *mbp, char *buf, int buflen, u_int *seqp)
361 {
362 	u_int len, pos, wseq;
363 
364 	mtx_lock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
365 
366 	if (buf == NULL) {
367 		/* Just initialise *seqp. */
368 		*seqp = MSGBUF_SEQNORM(mbp, mbp->msg_wseq - mbp->msg_size);
369 		mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
370 		return (0);
371 	}
372 
373 	wseq = mbp->msg_wseq;
374 	len = MSGBUF_SEQSUB(mbp, wseq, *seqp);
375 	if (len == 0) {
376 		mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
377 		return (0);
378 	}
379 	if (len > mbp->msg_size) {
380 		*seqp = MSGBUF_SEQNORM(mbp, wseq - mbp->msg_size);
381 		len = mbp->msg_size;
382 	}
383 	pos = MSGBUF_SEQ_TO_POS(mbp, *seqp);
384 	len = min(len, mbp->msg_size - pos);
385 	len = min(len, (u_int)buflen);
386 	bcopy(&mbp->msg_ptr[MSGBUF_SEQ_TO_POS(mbp, *seqp)], buf, len);
387 	*seqp = MSGBUF_SEQNORM(mbp, *seqp + len);
388 
389 	mtx_unlock_spin(&mbp->msg_lock);
390 
391 	return (len);
392 }
393 
394 /*
395  * Compute the checksum for the complete message buffer contents.
396  */
397 static u_int
398 msgbuf_cksum(struct msgbuf *mbp)
399 {
400 	u_int i, sum;
401 
402 	sum = 0;
403 	for (i = 0; i < mbp->msg_size; i++)
404 		sum += (u_char)mbp->msg_ptr[i];
405 	return (sum);
406 }
407 
408 /*
409  * Copy from one message buffer to another.
410  */
411 void
412 msgbuf_copy(struct msgbuf *src, struct msgbuf *dst)
413 {
414 	int c;
415 
416 	while ((c = msgbuf_getchar(src)) >= 0)
417 		msgbuf_addchar(dst, c);
418 }
419