xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_thr.c (revision f39bffc62c1395bde25d152c7f68fdf7cbaab414)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003, Jeffrey Roberson <jeff@freebsd.org>
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following
12  *    disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
19  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
20  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
21  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
22  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
26  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
30 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
31 
32 #include "opt_posix.h"
33 #include "opt_hwpmc_hooks.h"
34 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <sys/kernel.h>
36 #include <sys/lock.h>
37 #include <sys/mutex.h>
38 #include <sys/priv.h>
39 #include <sys/proc.h>
40 #include <sys/posix4.h>
41 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
42 #include <sys/racct.h>
43 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
44 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
45 #include <sys/sched.h>
46 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
47 #include <sys/smp.h>
48 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h>
49 #include <sys/sysent.h>
50 #include <sys/systm.h>
51 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
52 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
53 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
54 #include <sys/ucontext.h>
55 #include <sys/thr.h>
56 #include <sys/rtprio.h>
57 #include <sys/umtx.h>
58 #include <sys/limits.h>
59 #ifdef	HWPMC_HOOKS
60 #include <sys/pmckern.h>
61 #endif
62 
63 #include <machine/frame.h>
64 
65 #include <security/audit/audit.h>
66 
67 static SYSCTL_NODE(_kern, OID_AUTO, threads, CTLFLAG_RW, 0,
68     "thread allocation");
69 
70 static int max_threads_per_proc = 1500;
71 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_threads, OID_AUTO, max_threads_per_proc, CTLFLAG_RW,
72     &max_threads_per_proc, 0, "Limit on threads per proc");
73 
74 static int max_threads_hits;
75 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_threads, OID_AUTO, max_threads_hits, CTLFLAG_RD,
76     &max_threads_hits, 0, "kern.threads.max_threads_per_proc hit count");
77 
78 #ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
79 
80 static inline int
81 suword_lwpid(void *addr, lwpid_t lwpid)
82 {
83 	int error;
84 
85 	if (SV_CURPROC_FLAG(SV_LP64))
86 		error = suword(addr, lwpid);
87 	else
88 		error = suword32(addr, lwpid);
89 	return (error);
90 }
91 
92 #else
93 #define suword_lwpid	suword
94 #endif
95 
96 /*
97  * System call interface.
98  */
99 
100 struct thr_create_initthr_args {
101 	ucontext_t ctx;
102 	long *tid;
103 };
104 
105 static int
106 thr_create_initthr(struct thread *td, void *thunk)
107 {
108 	struct thr_create_initthr_args *args;
109 
110 	/* Copy out the child tid. */
111 	args = thunk;
112 	if (args->tid != NULL && suword_lwpid(args->tid, td->td_tid))
113 		return (EFAULT);
114 
115 	return (set_mcontext(td, &args->ctx.uc_mcontext));
116 }
117 
118 int
119 sys_thr_create(struct thread *td, struct thr_create_args *uap)
120     /* ucontext_t *ctx, long *id, int flags */
121 {
122 	struct thr_create_initthr_args args;
123 	int error;
124 
125 	if ((error = copyin(uap->ctx, &args.ctx, sizeof(args.ctx))))
126 		return (error);
127 	args.tid = uap->id;
128 	return (thread_create(td, NULL, thr_create_initthr, &args));
129 }
130 
131 int
132 sys_thr_new(struct thread *td, struct thr_new_args *uap)
133     /* struct thr_param * */
134 {
135 	struct thr_param param;
136 	int error;
137 
138 	if (uap->param_size < 0 || uap->param_size > sizeof(param))
139 		return (EINVAL);
140 	bzero(&param, sizeof(param));
141 	if ((error = copyin(uap->param, &param, uap->param_size)))
142 		return (error);
143 	return (kern_thr_new(td, &param));
144 }
145 
146 static int
147 thr_new_initthr(struct thread *td, void *thunk)
148 {
149 	stack_t stack;
150 	struct thr_param *param;
151 
152 	/*
153 	 * Here we copy out tid to two places, one for child and one
154 	 * for parent, because pthread can create a detached thread,
155 	 * if parent wants to safely access child tid, it has to provide
156 	 * its storage, because child thread may exit quickly and
157 	 * memory is freed before parent thread can access it.
158 	 */
159 	param = thunk;
160 	if ((param->child_tid != NULL &&
161 	    suword_lwpid(param->child_tid, td->td_tid)) ||
162 	    (param->parent_tid != NULL &&
163 	    suword_lwpid(param->parent_tid, td->td_tid)))
164 		return (EFAULT);
165 
166 	/* Set up our machine context. */
167 	stack.ss_sp = param->stack_base;
168 	stack.ss_size = param->stack_size;
169 	/* Set upcall address to user thread entry function. */
170 	cpu_set_upcall(td, param->start_func, param->arg, &stack);
171 	/* Setup user TLS address and TLS pointer register. */
172 	return (cpu_set_user_tls(td, param->tls_base));
173 }
174 
175 int
176 kern_thr_new(struct thread *td, struct thr_param *param)
177 {
178 	struct rtprio rtp, *rtpp;
179 	int error;
180 
181 	rtpp = NULL;
182 	if (param->rtp != 0) {
183 		error = copyin(param->rtp, &rtp, sizeof(struct rtprio));
184 		if (error)
185 			return (error);
186 		rtpp = &rtp;
187 	}
188 	return (thread_create(td, rtpp, thr_new_initthr, param));
189 }
190 
191 int
192 thread_create(struct thread *td, struct rtprio *rtp,
193     int (*initialize_thread)(struct thread *, void *), void *thunk)
194 {
195 	struct thread *newtd;
196 	struct proc *p;
197 	int error;
198 
199 	p = td->td_proc;
200 
201 	if (rtp != NULL) {
202 		switch(rtp->type) {
203 		case RTP_PRIO_REALTIME:
204 		case RTP_PRIO_FIFO:
205 			/* Only root can set scheduler policy */
206 			if (priv_check(td, PRIV_SCHED_SETPOLICY) != 0)
207 				return (EPERM);
208 			if (rtp->prio > RTP_PRIO_MAX)
209 				return (EINVAL);
210 			break;
211 		case RTP_PRIO_NORMAL:
212 			rtp->prio = 0;
213 			break;
214 		default:
215 			return (EINVAL);
216 		}
217 	}
218 
219 #ifdef RACCT
220 	if (racct_enable) {
221 		PROC_LOCK(p);
222 		error = racct_add(p, RACCT_NTHR, 1);
223 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
224 		if (error != 0)
225 			return (EPROCLIM);
226 	}
227 #endif
228 
229 	/* Initialize our td */
230 	error = kern_thr_alloc(p, 0, &newtd);
231 	if (error)
232 		goto fail;
233 
234 	cpu_copy_thread(newtd, td);
235 
236 	bzero(&newtd->td_startzero,
237 	    __rangeof(struct thread, td_startzero, td_endzero));
238 	bcopy(&td->td_startcopy, &newtd->td_startcopy,
239 	    __rangeof(struct thread, td_startcopy, td_endcopy));
240 	newtd->td_proc = td->td_proc;
241 	newtd->td_rb_list = newtd->td_rbp_list = newtd->td_rb_inact = 0;
242 	thread_cow_get(newtd, td);
243 
244 	error = initialize_thread(newtd, thunk);
245 	if (error != 0) {
246 		thread_cow_free(newtd);
247 		thread_free(newtd);
248 		goto fail;
249 	}
250 
251 	PROC_LOCK(p);
252 	p->p_flag |= P_HADTHREADS;
253 	thread_link(newtd, p);
254 	bcopy(p->p_comm, newtd->td_name, sizeof(newtd->td_name));
255 	thread_lock(td);
256 	/* let the scheduler know about these things. */
257 	sched_fork_thread(td, newtd);
258 	thread_unlock(td);
259 	if (P_SHOULDSTOP(p))
260 		newtd->td_flags |= TDF_ASTPENDING | TDF_NEEDSUSPCHK;
261 	if (p->p_ptevents & PTRACE_LWP)
262 		newtd->td_dbgflags |= TDB_BORN;
263 
264 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
265 #ifdef	HWPMC_HOOKS
266 	if (PMC_PROC_IS_USING_PMCS(p))
267 		PMC_CALL_HOOK(newtd, PMC_FN_THR_CREATE, NULL);
268 	else if (PMC_SYSTEM_SAMPLING_ACTIVE())
269 		PMC_CALL_HOOK_UNLOCKED(newtd, PMC_FN_THR_CREATE_LOG, NULL);
270 #endif
271 
272 	tidhash_add(newtd);
273 
274 	thread_lock(newtd);
275 	if (rtp != NULL) {
276 		if (!(td->td_pri_class == PRI_TIMESHARE &&
277 		      rtp->type == RTP_PRIO_NORMAL)) {
278 			rtp_to_pri(rtp, newtd);
279 			sched_prio(newtd, newtd->td_user_pri);
280 		} /* ignore timesharing class */
281 	}
282 	TD_SET_CAN_RUN(newtd);
283 	sched_add(newtd, SRQ_BORING);
284 	thread_unlock(newtd);
285 
286 	return (0);
287 
288 fail:
289 #ifdef RACCT
290 	if (racct_enable) {
291 		PROC_LOCK(p);
292 		racct_sub(p, RACCT_NTHR, 1);
293 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
294 	}
295 #endif
296 	return (error);
297 }
298 
299 int
300 sys_thr_self(struct thread *td, struct thr_self_args *uap)
301     /* long *id */
302 {
303 	int error;
304 
305 	error = suword_lwpid(uap->id, (unsigned)td->td_tid);
306 	if (error == -1)
307 		return (EFAULT);
308 	return (0);
309 }
310 
311 int
312 sys_thr_exit(struct thread *td, struct thr_exit_args *uap)
313     /* long *state */
314 {
315 
316 	umtx_thread_exit(td);
317 
318 	/* Signal userland that it can free the stack. */
319 	if ((void *)uap->state != NULL) {
320 		suword_lwpid(uap->state, 1);
321 		kern_umtx_wake(td, uap->state, INT_MAX, 0);
322 	}
323 
324 	return (kern_thr_exit(td));
325 }
326 
327 int
328 kern_thr_exit(struct thread *td)
329 {
330 	struct proc *p;
331 
332 	p = td->td_proc;
333 
334 	/*
335 	 * If all of the threads in a process call this routine to
336 	 * exit (e.g. all threads call pthread_exit()), exactly one
337 	 * thread should return to the caller to terminate the process
338 	 * instead of the thread.
339 	 *
340 	 * Checking p_numthreads alone is not sufficient since threads
341 	 * might be committed to terminating while the PROC_LOCK is
342 	 * dropped in either ptracestop() or while removing this thread
343 	 * from the tidhash.  Instead, the p_pendingexits field holds
344 	 * the count of threads in either of those states and a thread
345 	 * is considered the "last" thread if all of the other threads
346 	 * in a process are already terminating.
347 	 */
348 	PROC_LOCK(p);
349 	if (p->p_numthreads == p->p_pendingexits + 1) {
350 		/*
351 		 * Ignore attempts to shut down last thread in the
352 		 * proc.  This will actually call _exit(2) in the
353 		 * usermode trampoline when it returns.
354 		 */
355 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
356 		return (0);
357 	}
358 
359 	p->p_pendingexits++;
360 	td->td_dbgflags |= TDB_EXIT;
361 	if (p->p_ptevents & PTRACE_LWP)
362 		ptracestop(td, SIGTRAP, NULL);
363 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
364 	tidhash_remove(td);
365 	PROC_LOCK(p);
366 	p->p_pendingexits--;
367 
368 	/*
369 	 * The check above should prevent all other threads from this
370 	 * process from exiting while the PROC_LOCK is dropped, so
371 	 * there must be at least one other thread other than the
372 	 * current thread.
373 	 */
374 	KASSERT(p->p_numthreads > 1, ("too few threads"));
375 	racct_sub(p, RACCT_NTHR, 1);
376 	tdsigcleanup(td);
377 	PROC_SLOCK(p);
378 	thread_stopped(p);
379 	thread_exit();
380 	/* NOTREACHED */
381 }
382 
383 int
384 sys_thr_kill(struct thread *td, struct thr_kill_args *uap)
385     /* long id, int sig */
386 {
387 	ksiginfo_t ksi;
388 	struct thread *ttd;
389 	struct proc *p;
390 	int error;
391 
392 	p = td->td_proc;
393 	ksiginfo_init(&ksi);
394 	ksi.ksi_signo = uap->sig;
395 	ksi.ksi_code = SI_LWP;
396 	ksi.ksi_pid = p->p_pid;
397 	ksi.ksi_uid = td->td_ucred->cr_ruid;
398 	if (uap->id == -1) {
399 		if (uap->sig != 0 && !_SIG_VALID(uap->sig)) {
400 			error = EINVAL;
401 		} else {
402 			error = ESRCH;
403 			PROC_LOCK(p);
404 			FOREACH_THREAD_IN_PROC(p, ttd) {
405 				if (ttd != td) {
406 					error = 0;
407 					if (uap->sig == 0)
408 						break;
409 					tdksignal(ttd, uap->sig, &ksi);
410 				}
411 			}
412 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
413 		}
414 	} else {
415 		error = 0;
416 		ttd = tdfind((lwpid_t)uap->id, p->p_pid);
417 		if (ttd == NULL)
418 			return (ESRCH);
419 		if (uap->sig == 0)
420 			;
421 		else if (!_SIG_VALID(uap->sig))
422 			error = EINVAL;
423 		else
424 			tdksignal(ttd, uap->sig, &ksi);
425 		PROC_UNLOCK(ttd->td_proc);
426 	}
427 	return (error);
428 }
429 
430 int
431 sys_thr_kill2(struct thread *td, struct thr_kill2_args *uap)
432     /* pid_t pid, long id, int sig */
433 {
434 	ksiginfo_t ksi;
435 	struct thread *ttd;
436 	struct proc *p;
437 	int error;
438 
439 	AUDIT_ARG_SIGNUM(uap->sig);
440 
441 	ksiginfo_init(&ksi);
442 	ksi.ksi_signo = uap->sig;
443 	ksi.ksi_code = SI_LWP;
444 	ksi.ksi_pid = td->td_proc->p_pid;
445 	ksi.ksi_uid = td->td_ucred->cr_ruid;
446 	if (uap->id == -1) {
447 		if ((p = pfind(uap->pid)) == NULL)
448 			return (ESRCH);
449 		AUDIT_ARG_PROCESS(p);
450 		error = p_cansignal(td, p, uap->sig);
451 		if (error) {
452 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
453 			return (error);
454 		}
455 		if (uap->sig != 0 && !_SIG_VALID(uap->sig)) {
456 			error = EINVAL;
457 		} else {
458 			error = ESRCH;
459 			FOREACH_THREAD_IN_PROC(p, ttd) {
460 				if (ttd != td) {
461 					error = 0;
462 					if (uap->sig == 0)
463 						break;
464 					tdksignal(ttd, uap->sig, &ksi);
465 				}
466 			}
467 		}
468 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
469 	} else {
470 		ttd = tdfind((lwpid_t)uap->id, uap->pid);
471 		if (ttd == NULL)
472 			return (ESRCH);
473 		p = ttd->td_proc;
474 		AUDIT_ARG_PROCESS(p);
475 		error = p_cansignal(td, p, uap->sig);
476 		if (uap->sig == 0)
477 			;
478 		else if (!_SIG_VALID(uap->sig))
479 			error = EINVAL;
480 		else
481 			tdksignal(ttd, uap->sig, &ksi);
482 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
483 	}
484 	return (error);
485 }
486 
487 int
488 sys_thr_suspend(struct thread *td, struct thr_suspend_args *uap)
489 	/* const struct timespec *timeout */
490 {
491 	struct timespec ts, *tsp;
492 	int error;
493 
494 	tsp = NULL;
495 	if (uap->timeout != NULL) {
496 		error = umtx_copyin_timeout(uap->timeout, &ts);
497 		if (error != 0)
498 			return (error);
499 		tsp = &ts;
500 	}
501 
502 	return (kern_thr_suspend(td, tsp));
503 }
504 
505 int
506 kern_thr_suspend(struct thread *td, struct timespec *tsp)
507 {
508 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
509 	struct timeval tv;
510 	int error = 0;
511 	int timo = 0;
512 
513 	if (td->td_pflags & TDP_WAKEUP) {
514 		td->td_pflags &= ~TDP_WAKEUP;
515 		return (0);
516 	}
517 
518 	if (tsp != NULL) {
519 		if (tsp->tv_sec == 0 && tsp->tv_nsec == 0)
520 			error = EWOULDBLOCK;
521 		else {
522 			TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&tv, tsp);
523 			timo = tvtohz(&tv);
524 		}
525 	}
526 
527 	PROC_LOCK(p);
528 	if (error == 0 && (td->td_flags & TDF_THRWAKEUP) == 0)
529 		error = msleep((void *)td, &p->p_mtx,
530 			 PCATCH, "lthr", timo);
531 
532 	if (td->td_flags & TDF_THRWAKEUP) {
533 		thread_lock(td);
534 		td->td_flags &= ~TDF_THRWAKEUP;
535 		thread_unlock(td);
536 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
537 		return (0);
538 	}
539 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
540 	if (error == EWOULDBLOCK)
541 		error = ETIMEDOUT;
542 	else if (error == ERESTART) {
543 		if (timo != 0)
544 			error = EINTR;
545 	}
546 	return (error);
547 }
548 
549 int
550 sys_thr_wake(struct thread *td, struct thr_wake_args *uap)
551 	/* long id */
552 {
553 	struct proc *p;
554 	struct thread *ttd;
555 
556 	if (uap->id == td->td_tid) {
557 		td->td_pflags |= TDP_WAKEUP;
558 		return (0);
559 	}
560 
561 	p = td->td_proc;
562 	ttd = tdfind((lwpid_t)uap->id, p->p_pid);
563 	if (ttd == NULL)
564 		return (ESRCH);
565 	thread_lock(ttd);
566 	ttd->td_flags |= TDF_THRWAKEUP;
567 	thread_unlock(ttd);
568 	wakeup((void *)ttd);
569 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
570 	return (0);
571 }
572 
573 int
574 sys_thr_set_name(struct thread *td, struct thr_set_name_args *uap)
575 {
576 	struct proc *p;
577 	char name[MAXCOMLEN + 1];
578 	struct thread *ttd;
579 	int error;
580 
581 	error = 0;
582 	name[0] = '\0';
583 	if (uap->name != NULL) {
584 		error = copyinstr(uap->name, name, sizeof(name), NULL);
585 		if (error == ENAMETOOLONG) {
586 			error = copyin(uap->name, name, sizeof(name) - 1);
587 			name[sizeof(name) - 1] = '\0';
588 		}
589 		if (error)
590 			return (error);
591 	}
592 	p = td->td_proc;
593 	ttd = tdfind((lwpid_t)uap->id, p->p_pid);
594 	if (ttd == NULL)
595 		return (ESRCH);
596 	strcpy(ttd->td_name, name);
597 #ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
598 	if (PMC_PROC_IS_USING_PMCS(p) || PMC_SYSTEM_SAMPLING_ACTIVE())
599 		PMC_CALL_HOOK_UNLOCKED(ttd, PMC_FN_THR_CREATE_LOG, NULL);
600 #endif
601 #ifdef KTR
602 	sched_clear_tdname(ttd);
603 #endif
604 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
605 	return (error);
606 }
607 
608 int
609 kern_thr_alloc(struct proc *p, int pages, struct thread **ntd)
610 {
611 
612 	/* Have race condition but it is cheap. */
613 	if (p->p_numthreads >= max_threads_per_proc) {
614 		++max_threads_hits;
615 		return (EPROCLIM);
616 	}
617 
618 	*ntd = thread_alloc(pages);
619 	if (*ntd == NULL)
620 		return (ENOMEM);
621 
622 	return (0);
623 }
624