xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_thr.c (revision eda14cbc264d6969b02f2b1994cef11148e914f1)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003, Jeffrey Roberson <jeff@freebsd.org>
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following
12  *    disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
19  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
20  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
21  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
22  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
26  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
30 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
31 
32 #include "opt_posix.h"
33 #include "opt_hwpmc_hooks.h"
34 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <sys/kernel.h>
36 #include <sys/lock.h>
37 #include <sys/mutex.h>
38 #include <sys/priv.h>
39 #include <sys/proc.h>
40 #include <sys/posix4.h>
41 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
42 #include <sys/racct.h>
43 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
44 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
45 #include <sys/sched.h>
46 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
47 #include <sys/smp.h>
48 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h>
49 #include <sys/sysent.h>
50 #include <sys/systm.h>
51 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
52 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
53 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
54 #include <sys/ucontext.h>
55 #include <sys/thr.h>
56 #include <sys/rtprio.h>
57 #include <sys/umtx.h>
58 #include <sys/limits.h>
59 #ifdef	HWPMC_HOOKS
60 #include <sys/pmckern.h>
61 #endif
62 
63 #include <machine/frame.h>
64 
65 #include <security/audit/audit.h>
66 
67 static SYSCTL_NODE(_kern, OID_AUTO, threads, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0,
68     "thread allocation");
69 
70 static int max_threads_per_proc = 1500;
71 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_threads, OID_AUTO, max_threads_per_proc, CTLFLAG_RW,
72     &max_threads_per_proc, 0, "Limit on threads per proc");
73 
74 static int max_threads_hits;
75 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_threads, OID_AUTO, max_threads_hits, CTLFLAG_RD,
76     &max_threads_hits, 0, "kern.threads.max_threads_per_proc hit count");
77 
78 #ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
79 
80 static inline int
81 suword_lwpid(void *addr, lwpid_t lwpid)
82 {
83 	int error;
84 
85 	if (SV_CURPROC_FLAG(SV_LP64))
86 		error = suword(addr, lwpid);
87 	else
88 		error = suword32(addr, lwpid);
89 	return (error);
90 }
91 
92 #else
93 #define suword_lwpid	suword
94 #endif
95 
96 /*
97  * System call interface.
98  */
99 
100 struct thr_create_initthr_args {
101 	ucontext_t ctx;
102 	long *tid;
103 };
104 
105 static int
106 thr_create_initthr(struct thread *td, void *thunk)
107 {
108 	struct thr_create_initthr_args *args;
109 
110 	/* Copy out the child tid. */
111 	args = thunk;
112 	if (args->tid != NULL && suword_lwpid(args->tid, td->td_tid))
113 		return (EFAULT);
114 
115 	return (set_mcontext(td, &args->ctx.uc_mcontext));
116 }
117 
118 int
119 sys_thr_create(struct thread *td, struct thr_create_args *uap)
120     /* ucontext_t *ctx, long *id, int flags */
121 {
122 	struct thr_create_initthr_args args;
123 	int error;
124 
125 	if ((error = copyin(uap->ctx, &args.ctx, sizeof(args.ctx))))
126 		return (error);
127 	args.tid = uap->id;
128 	return (thread_create(td, NULL, thr_create_initthr, &args));
129 }
130 
131 int
132 sys_thr_new(struct thread *td, struct thr_new_args *uap)
133     /* struct thr_param * */
134 {
135 	struct thr_param param;
136 	int error;
137 
138 	if (uap->param_size < 0 || uap->param_size > sizeof(param))
139 		return (EINVAL);
140 	bzero(&param, sizeof(param));
141 	if ((error = copyin(uap->param, &param, uap->param_size)))
142 		return (error);
143 	return (kern_thr_new(td, &param));
144 }
145 
146 static int
147 thr_new_initthr(struct thread *td, void *thunk)
148 {
149 	stack_t stack;
150 	struct thr_param *param;
151 
152 	/*
153 	 * Here we copy out tid to two places, one for child and one
154 	 * for parent, because pthread can create a detached thread,
155 	 * if parent wants to safely access child tid, it has to provide
156 	 * its storage, because child thread may exit quickly and
157 	 * memory is freed before parent thread can access it.
158 	 */
159 	param = thunk;
160 	if ((param->child_tid != NULL &&
161 	    suword_lwpid(param->child_tid, td->td_tid)) ||
162 	    (param->parent_tid != NULL &&
163 	    suword_lwpid(param->parent_tid, td->td_tid)))
164 		return (EFAULT);
165 
166 	/* Set up our machine context. */
167 	stack.ss_sp = param->stack_base;
168 	stack.ss_size = param->stack_size;
169 	/* Set upcall address to user thread entry function. */
170 	cpu_set_upcall(td, param->start_func, param->arg, &stack);
171 	/* Setup user TLS address and TLS pointer register. */
172 	return (cpu_set_user_tls(td, param->tls_base));
173 }
174 
175 int
176 kern_thr_new(struct thread *td, struct thr_param *param)
177 {
178 	struct rtprio rtp, *rtpp;
179 	int error;
180 
181 	rtpp = NULL;
182 	if (param->rtp != 0) {
183 		error = copyin(param->rtp, &rtp, sizeof(struct rtprio));
184 		if (error)
185 			return (error);
186 		rtpp = &rtp;
187 	}
188 	return (thread_create(td, rtpp, thr_new_initthr, param));
189 }
190 
191 int
192 thread_create(struct thread *td, struct rtprio *rtp,
193     int (*initialize_thread)(struct thread *, void *), void *thunk)
194 {
195 	struct thread *newtd;
196 	struct proc *p;
197 	int error;
198 
199 	p = td->td_proc;
200 
201 	if (rtp != NULL) {
202 		switch(rtp->type) {
203 		case RTP_PRIO_REALTIME:
204 		case RTP_PRIO_FIFO:
205 			/* Only root can set scheduler policy */
206 			if (priv_check(td, PRIV_SCHED_SETPOLICY) != 0)
207 				return (EPERM);
208 			if (rtp->prio > RTP_PRIO_MAX)
209 				return (EINVAL);
210 			break;
211 		case RTP_PRIO_NORMAL:
212 			rtp->prio = 0;
213 			break;
214 		default:
215 			return (EINVAL);
216 		}
217 	}
218 
219 #ifdef RACCT
220 	if (racct_enable) {
221 		PROC_LOCK(p);
222 		error = racct_add(p, RACCT_NTHR, 1);
223 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
224 		if (error != 0)
225 			return (EPROCLIM);
226 	}
227 #endif
228 
229 	/* Initialize our td */
230 	error = kern_thr_alloc(p, 0, &newtd);
231 	if (error)
232 		goto fail;
233 
234 	cpu_copy_thread(newtd, td);
235 
236 	bzero(&newtd->td_startzero,
237 	    __rangeof(struct thread, td_startzero, td_endzero));
238 	bcopy(&td->td_startcopy, &newtd->td_startcopy,
239 	    __rangeof(struct thread, td_startcopy, td_endcopy));
240 	newtd->td_proc = td->td_proc;
241 	newtd->td_rb_list = newtd->td_rbp_list = newtd->td_rb_inact = 0;
242 	thread_cow_get(newtd, td);
243 
244 	error = initialize_thread(newtd, thunk);
245 	if (error != 0) {
246 		thread_cow_free(newtd);
247 		thread_free(newtd);
248 		goto fail;
249 	}
250 
251 	PROC_LOCK(p);
252 	p->p_flag |= P_HADTHREADS;
253 	thread_link(newtd, p);
254 	bcopy(p->p_comm, newtd->td_name, sizeof(newtd->td_name));
255 	thread_lock(td);
256 	/* let the scheduler know about these things. */
257 	sched_fork_thread(td, newtd);
258 	thread_unlock(td);
259 	if (P_SHOULDSTOP(p))
260 		newtd->td_flags |= TDF_ASTPENDING | TDF_NEEDSUSPCHK;
261 	if (p->p_ptevents & PTRACE_LWP)
262 		newtd->td_dbgflags |= TDB_BORN;
263 
264 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
265 #ifdef	HWPMC_HOOKS
266 	if (PMC_PROC_IS_USING_PMCS(p))
267 		PMC_CALL_HOOK(newtd, PMC_FN_THR_CREATE, NULL);
268 	else if (PMC_SYSTEM_SAMPLING_ACTIVE())
269 		PMC_CALL_HOOK_UNLOCKED(newtd, PMC_FN_THR_CREATE_LOG, NULL);
270 #endif
271 
272 	tidhash_add(newtd);
273 
274 	/* ignore timesharing class */
275 	if (rtp != NULL && !(td->td_pri_class == PRI_TIMESHARE &&
276 	    rtp->type == RTP_PRIO_NORMAL))
277 		rtp_to_pri(rtp, newtd);
278 
279 	thread_lock(newtd);
280 	TD_SET_CAN_RUN(newtd);
281 	sched_add(newtd, SRQ_BORING);
282 
283 	return (0);
284 
285 fail:
286 #ifdef RACCT
287 	if (racct_enable) {
288 		PROC_LOCK(p);
289 		racct_sub(p, RACCT_NTHR, 1);
290 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
291 	}
292 #endif
293 	return (error);
294 }
295 
296 int
297 sys_thr_self(struct thread *td, struct thr_self_args *uap)
298     /* long *id */
299 {
300 	int error;
301 
302 	error = suword_lwpid(uap->id, (unsigned)td->td_tid);
303 	if (error == -1)
304 		return (EFAULT);
305 	return (0);
306 }
307 
308 int
309 sys_thr_exit(struct thread *td, struct thr_exit_args *uap)
310     /* long *state */
311 {
312 
313 	umtx_thread_exit(td);
314 
315 	/* Signal userland that it can free the stack. */
316 	if ((void *)uap->state != NULL) {
317 		suword_lwpid(uap->state, 1);
318 		kern_umtx_wake(td, uap->state, INT_MAX, 0);
319 	}
320 
321 	return (kern_thr_exit(td));
322 }
323 
324 int
325 kern_thr_exit(struct thread *td)
326 {
327 	struct proc *p;
328 
329 	p = td->td_proc;
330 
331 	/*
332 	 * If all of the threads in a process call this routine to
333 	 * exit (e.g. all threads call pthread_exit()), exactly one
334 	 * thread should return to the caller to terminate the process
335 	 * instead of the thread.
336 	 *
337 	 * Checking p_numthreads alone is not sufficient since threads
338 	 * might be committed to terminating while the PROC_LOCK is
339 	 * dropped in either ptracestop() or while removing this thread
340 	 * from the tidhash.  Instead, the p_pendingexits field holds
341 	 * the count of threads in either of those states and a thread
342 	 * is considered the "last" thread if all of the other threads
343 	 * in a process are already terminating.
344 	 */
345 	PROC_LOCK(p);
346 	if (p->p_numthreads == p->p_pendingexits + 1) {
347 		/*
348 		 * Ignore attempts to shut down last thread in the
349 		 * proc.  This will actually call _exit(2) in the
350 		 * usermode trampoline when it returns.
351 		 */
352 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
353 		return (0);
354 	}
355 
356 	p->p_pendingexits++;
357 	td->td_dbgflags |= TDB_EXIT;
358 	if (p->p_ptevents & PTRACE_LWP)
359 		ptracestop(td, SIGTRAP, NULL);
360 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
361 	tidhash_remove(td);
362 	PROC_LOCK(p);
363 	p->p_pendingexits--;
364 
365 	/*
366 	 * The check above should prevent all other threads from this
367 	 * process from exiting while the PROC_LOCK is dropped, so
368 	 * there must be at least one other thread other than the
369 	 * current thread.
370 	 */
371 	KASSERT(p->p_numthreads > 1, ("too few threads"));
372 	racct_sub(p, RACCT_NTHR, 1);
373 	tdsigcleanup(td);
374 
375 #ifdef AUDIT
376 	AUDIT_SYSCALL_EXIT(0, td);
377 #endif
378 
379 	PROC_SLOCK(p);
380 	thread_stopped(p);
381 	thread_exit();
382 	/* NOTREACHED */
383 }
384 
385 int
386 sys_thr_kill(struct thread *td, struct thr_kill_args *uap)
387     /* long id, int sig */
388 {
389 	ksiginfo_t ksi;
390 	struct thread *ttd;
391 	struct proc *p;
392 	int error;
393 
394 	p = td->td_proc;
395 	ksiginfo_init(&ksi);
396 	ksi.ksi_signo = uap->sig;
397 	ksi.ksi_code = SI_LWP;
398 	ksi.ksi_pid = p->p_pid;
399 	ksi.ksi_uid = td->td_ucred->cr_ruid;
400 	if (uap->id == -1) {
401 		if (uap->sig != 0 && !_SIG_VALID(uap->sig)) {
402 			error = EINVAL;
403 		} else {
404 			error = ESRCH;
405 			PROC_LOCK(p);
406 			FOREACH_THREAD_IN_PROC(p, ttd) {
407 				if (ttd != td) {
408 					error = 0;
409 					if (uap->sig == 0)
410 						break;
411 					tdksignal(ttd, uap->sig, &ksi);
412 				}
413 			}
414 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
415 		}
416 	} else {
417 		error = 0;
418 		ttd = tdfind((lwpid_t)uap->id, p->p_pid);
419 		if (ttd == NULL)
420 			return (ESRCH);
421 		if (uap->sig == 0)
422 			;
423 		else if (!_SIG_VALID(uap->sig))
424 			error = EINVAL;
425 		else
426 			tdksignal(ttd, uap->sig, &ksi);
427 		PROC_UNLOCK(ttd->td_proc);
428 	}
429 	return (error);
430 }
431 
432 int
433 sys_thr_kill2(struct thread *td, struct thr_kill2_args *uap)
434     /* pid_t pid, long id, int sig */
435 {
436 	ksiginfo_t ksi;
437 	struct thread *ttd;
438 	struct proc *p;
439 	int error;
440 
441 	AUDIT_ARG_SIGNUM(uap->sig);
442 
443 	ksiginfo_init(&ksi);
444 	ksi.ksi_signo = uap->sig;
445 	ksi.ksi_code = SI_LWP;
446 	ksi.ksi_pid = td->td_proc->p_pid;
447 	ksi.ksi_uid = td->td_ucred->cr_ruid;
448 	if (uap->id == -1) {
449 		if ((p = pfind(uap->pid)) == NULL)
450 			return (ESRCH);
451 		AUDIT_ARG_PROCESS(p);
452 		error = p_cansignal(td, p, uap->sig);
453 		if (error) {
454 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
455 			return (error);
456 		}
457 		if (uap->sig != 0 && !_SIG_VALID(uap->sig)) {
458 			error = EINVAL;
459 		} else {
460 			error = ESRCH;
461 			FOREACH_THREAD_IN_PROC(p, ttd) {
462 				if (ttd != td) {
463 					error = 0;
464 					if (uap->sig == 0)
465 						break;
466 					tdksignal(ttd, uap->sig, &ksi);
467 				}
468 			}
469 		}
470 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
471 	} else {
472 		ttd = tdfind((lwpid_t)uap->id, uap->pid);
473 		if (ttd == NULL)
474 			return (ESRCH);
475 		p = ttd->td_proc;
476 		AUDIT_ARG_PROCESS(p);
477 		error = p_cansignal(td, p, uap->sig);
478 		if (uap->sig == 0)
479 			;
480 		else if (!_SIG_VALID(uap->sig))
481 			error = EINVAL;
482 		else
483 			tdksignal(ttd, uap->sig, &ksi);
484 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
485 	}
486 	return (error);
487 }
488 
489 int
490 sys_thr_suspend(struct thread *td, struct thr_suspend_args *uap)
491 	/* const struct timespec *timeout */
492 {
493 	struct timespec ts, *tsp;
494 	int error;
495 
496 	tsp = NULL;
497 	if (uap->timeout != NULL) {
498 		error = umtx_copyin_timeout(uap->timeout, &ts);
499 		if (error != 0)
500 			return (error);
501 		tsp = &ts;
502 	}
503 
504 	return (kern_thr_suspend(td, tsp));
505 }
506 
507 int
508 kern_thr_suspend(struct thread *td, struct timespec *tsp)
509 {
510 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
511 	struct timeval tv;
512 	int error = 0;
513 	int timo = 0;
514 
515 	if (td->td_pflags & TDP_WAKEUP) {
516 		td->td_pflags &= ~TDP_WAKEUP;
517 		return (0);
518 	}
519 
520 	if (tsp != NULL) {
521 		if (tsp->tv_sec == 0 && tsp->tv_nsec == 0)
522 			error = EWOULDBLOCK;
523 		else {
524 			TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&tv, tsp);
525 			timo = tvtohz(&tv);
526 		}
527 	}
528 
529 	PROC_LOCK(p);
530 	if (error == 0 && (td->td_flags & TDF_THRWAKEUP) == 0)
531 		error = msleep((void *)td, &p->p_mtx,
532 			 PCATCH, "lthr", timo);
533 
534 	if (td->td_flags & TDF_THRWAKEUP) {
535 		thread_lock(td);
536 		td->td_flags &= ~TDF_THRWAKEUP;
537 		thread_unlock(td);
538 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
539 		return (0);
540 	}
541 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
542 	if (error == EWOULDBLOCK)
543 		error = ETIMEDOUT;
544 	else if (error == ERESTART) {
545 		if (timo != 0)
546 			error = EINTR;
547 	}
548 	return (error);
549 }
550 
551 int
552 sys_thr_wake(struct thread *td, struct thr_wake_args *uap)
553 	/* long id */
554 {
555 	struct proc *p;
556 	struct thread *ttd;
557 
558 	if (uap->id == td->td_tid) {
559 		td->td_pflags |= TDP_WAKEUP;
560 		return (0);
561 	}
562 
563 	p = td->td_proc;
564 	ttd = tdfind((lwpid_t)uap->id, p->p_pid);
565 	if (ttd == NULL)
566 		return (ESRCH);
567 	thread_lock(ttd);
568 	ttd->td_flags |= TDF_THRWAKEUP;
569 	thread_unlock(ttd);
570 	wakeup((void *)ttd);
571 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
572 	return (0);
573 }
574 
575 int
576 sys_thr_set_name(struct thread *td, struct thr_set_name_args *uap)
577 {
578 	struct proc *p;
579 	char name[MAXCOMLEN + 1];
580 	struct thread *ttd;
581 	int error;
582 
583 	error = 0;
584 	name[0] = '\0';
585 	if (uap->name != NULL) {
586 		error = copyinstr(uap->name, name, sizeof(name), NULL);
587 		if (error == ENAMETOOLONG) {
588 			error = copyin(uap->name, name, sizeof(name) - 1);
589 			name[sizeof(name) - 1] = '\0';
590 		}
591 		if (error)
592 			return (error);
593 	}
594 	p = td->td_proc;
595 	ttd = tdfind((lwpid_t)uap->id, p->p_pid);
596 	if (ttd == NULL)
597 		return (ESRCH);
598 	strcpy(ttd->td_name, name);
599 #ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
600 	if (PMC_PROC_IS_USING_PMCS(p) || PMC_SYSTEM_SAMPLING_ACTIVE())
601 		PMC_CALL_HOOK_UNLOCKED(ttd, PMC_FN_THR_CREATE_LOG, NULL);
602 #endif
603 #ifdef KTR
604 	sched_clear_tdname(ttd);
605 #endif
606 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
607 	return (error);
608 }
609 
610 int
611 kern_thr_alloc(struct proc *p, int pages, struct thread **ntd)
612 {
613 
614 	/* Have race condition but it is cheap. */
615 	if (p->p_numthreads >= max_threads_per_proc) {
616 		++max_threads_hits;
617 		return (EPROCLIM);
618 	}
619 
620 	*ntd = thread_alloc(pages);
621 	if (*ntd == NULL)
622 		return (ENOMEM);
623 
624 	return (0);
625 }
626