xref: /freebsd/sys/kern/kern_thr.c (revision 8aac90f18aef7c9eea906c3ff9a001ca7b94f375)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003, Jeffrey Roberson <jeff@freebsd.org>
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice unmodified, this list of conditions, and the following
12  *    disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
19  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
20  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
21  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
22  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
26  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #include "opt_posix.h"
30 #include "opt_hwpmc_hooks.h"
31 
32 #include <sys/systm.h>
33 #include <sys/kernel.h>
34 #include <sys/limits.h>
35 #include <sys/lock.h>
36 #include <sys/mutex.h>
37 #include <sys/priv.h>
38 #include <sys/proc.h>
39 #include <sys/posix4.h>
40 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
41 #include <sys/racct.h>
42 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
43 #include <sys/rtprio.h>
44 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
45 #include <sys/sched.h>
46 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
47 #include <sys/smp.h>
48 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h>
49 #include <sys/sysent.h>
50 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
51 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
52 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
53 #include <sys/thr.h>
54 #include <sys/ucontext.h>
55 #include <sys/umtxvar.h>
56 #ifdef	HWPMC_HOOKS
57 #include <sys/pmckern.h>
58 #endif
59 
60 #include <machine/frame.h>
61 
62 #include <security/audit/audit.h>
63 
64 static SYSCTL_NODE(_kern, OID_AUTO, threads, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0,
65     "thread allocation");
66 
67 int max_threads_per_proc = 1500;
68 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_threads, OID_AUTO, max_threads_per_proc, CTLFLAG_RW,
69     &max_threads_per_proc, 0, "Limit on threads per proc");
70 
71 static int max_threads_hits;
72 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_threads, OID_AUTO, max_threads_hits, CTLFLAG_RD,
73     &max_threads_hits, 0, "kern.threads.max_threads_per_proc hit count");
74 
75 #ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
76 
77 static inline int
78 suword_lwpid(void *addr, lwpid_t lwpid)
79 {
80 	int error;
81 
82 	if (SV_CURPROC_FLAG(SV_LP64))
83 		error = suword(addr, lwpid);
84 	else
85 		error = suword32(addr, lwpid);
86 	return (error);
87 }
88 
89 #else
90 #define suword_lwpid	suword
91 #endif
92 
93 /*
94  * System call interface.
95  */
96 
97 struct thr_create_initthr_args {
98 	ucontext_t ctx;
99 	long *tid;
100 };
101 
102 static int
103 thr_create_initthr(struct thread *td, void *thunk)
104 {
105 	struct thr_create_initthr_args *args;
106 
107 	/* Copy out the child tid. */
108 	args = thunk;
109 	if (args->tid != NULL && suword_lwpid(args->tid, td->td_tid))
110 		return (EFAULT);
111 
112 	return (set_mcontext(td, &args->ctx.uc_mcontext));
113 }
114 
115 int
116 sys_thr_create(struct thread *td, struct thr_create_args *uap)
117     /* ucontext_t *ctx, long *id, int flags */
118 {
119 	struct thr_create_initthr_args args;
120 	int error;
121 
122 	if ((error = copyin(uap->ctx, &args.ctx, sizeof(args.ctx))))
123 		return (error);
124 	args.tid = uap->id;
125 	return (thread_create(td, NULL, thr_create_initthr, &args));
126 }
127 
128 int
129 sys_thr_new(struct thread *td, struct thr_new_args *uap)
130     /* struct thr_param * */
131 {
132 	struct thr_param param;
133 	int error;
134 
135 	if (uap->param_size < 0 || uap->param_size > sizeof(param))
136 		return (EINVAL);
137 	bzero(&param, sizeof(param));
138 	if ((error = copyin(uap->param, &param, uap->param_size)))
139 		return (error);
140 	return (kern_thr_new(td, &param));
141 }
142 
143 static int
144 thr_new_initthr(struct thread *td, void *thunk)
145 {
146 	stack_t stack;
147 	struct thr_param *param;
148 	int error;
149 
150 	/*
151 	 * Here we copy out tid to two places, one for child and one
152 	 * for parent, because pthread can create a detached thread,
153 	 * if parent wants to safely access child tid, it has to provide
154 	 * its storage, because child thread may exit quickly and
155 	 * memory is freed before parent thread can access it.
156 	 */
157 	param = thunk;
158 	if ((param->child_tid != NULL &&
159 	    suword_lwpid(param->child_tid, td->td_tid)) ||
160 	    (param->parent_tid != NULL &&
161 	    suword_lwpid(param->parent_tid, td->td_tid)))
162 		return (EFAULT);
163 
164 	/* Set up our machine context. */
165 	stack.ss_sp = param->stack_base;
166 	stack.ss_size = param->stack_size;
167 	/* Set upcall address to user thread entry function. */
168 	error = cpu_set_upcall(td, param->start_func, param->arg, &stack);
169 	if (error != 0)
170 		return (error);
171 	/* Setup user TLS address and TLS pointer register. */
172 	return (cpu_set_user_tls(td, param->tls_base));
173 }
174 
175 int
176 kern_thr_new(struct thread *td, struct thr_param *param)
177 {
178 	struct rtprio rtp, *rtpp;
179 	int error;
180 
181 	rtpp = NULL;
182 	if (param->rtp != 0) {
183 		error = copyin(param->rtp, &rtp, sizeof(struct rtprio));
184 		if (error)
185 			return (error);
186 		rtpp = &rtp;
187 	}
188 	return (thread_create(td, rtpp, thr_new_initthr, param));
189 }
190 
191 int
192 thread_create(struct thread *td, struct rtprio *rtp,
193     int (*initialize_thread)(struct thread *, void *), void *thunk)
194 {
195 	struct thread *newtd;
196 	struct proc *p;
197 	int error;
198 
199 	p = td->td_proc;
200 
201 	if (rtp != NULL) {
202 		switch(rtp->type) {
203 		case RTP_PRIO_REALTIME:
204 		case RTP_PRIO_FIFO:
205 			/* Only root can set scheduler policy */
206 			if (priv_check(td, PRIV_SCHED_SETPOLICY) != 0)
207 				return (EPERM);
208 			if (rtp->prio > RTP_PRIO_MAX)
209 				return (EINVAL);
210 			break;
211 		case RTP_PRIO_NORMAL:
212 			rtp->prio = 0;
213 			break;
214 		default:
215 			return (EINVAL);
216 		}
217 	}
218 
219 #ifdef RACCT
220 	if (racct_enable) {
221 		PROC_LOCK(p);
222 		error = racct_add(p, RACCT_NTHR, 1);
223 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
224 		if (error != 0)
225 			return (EPROCLIM);
226 	}
227 #endif
228 
229 	/* Initialize our td */
230 	error = kern_thr_alloc(p, 0, &newtd);
231 	if (error)
232 		goto fail;
233 
234 	bzero(&newtd->td_startzero,
235 	    __rangeof(struct thread, td_startzero, td_endzero));
236 	bcopy(&td->td_startcopy, &newtd->td_startcopy,
237 	    __rangeof(struct thread, td_startcopy, td_endcopy));
238 	newtd->td_proc = td->td_proc;
239 	newtd->td_rb_list = newtd->td_rbp_list = newtd->td_rb_inact = 0;
240 	thread_cow_get(newtd, td);
241 
242 	cpu_copy_thread(newtd, td);
243 
244 	error = initialize_thread(newtd, thunk);
245 	if (error != 0) {
246 		thread_cow_free(newtd);
247 		thread_free(newtd);
248 		goto fail;
249 	}
250 
251 	PROC_LOCK(p);
252 	p->p_flag |= P_HADTHREADS;
253 	thread_link(newtd, p);
254 	bcopy(p->p_comm, newtd->td_name, sizeof(newtd->td_name));
255 	thread_lock(td);
256 	/* let the scheduler know about these things. */
257 	sched_fork_thread(td, newtd);
258 	thread_unlock(td);
259 	if (P_SHOULDSTOP(p))
260 		ast_sched(newtd, TDA_SUSPEND);
261 	if (p->p_ptevents & PTRACE_LWP)
262 		newtd->td_dbgflags |= TDB_BORN;
263 
264 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
265 #ifdef	HWPMC_HOOKS
266 	if (PMC_PROC_IS_USING_PMCS(p))
267 		PMC_CALL_HOOK(newtd, PMC_FN_THR_CREATE, NULL);
268 	else if (PMC_SYSTEM_SAMPLING_ACTIVE())
269 		PMC_CALL_HOOK_UNLOCKED(newtd, PMC_FN_THR_CREATE_LOG, NULL);
270 #endif
271 
272 	tidhash_add(newtd);
273 
274 	/* ignore timesharing class */
275 	if (rtp != NULL && !(td->td_pri_class == PRI_TIMESHARE &&
276 	    rtp->type == RTP_PRIO_NORMAL))
277 		rtp_to_pri(rtp, newtd);
278 
279 	thread_lock(newtd);
280 	TD_SET_CAN_RUN(newtd);
281 	sched_add(newtd, SRQ_BORING);
282 
283 	return (0);
284 
285 fail:
286 #ifdef RACCT
287 	if (racct_enable) {
288 		PROC_LOCK(p);
289 		racct_sub(p, RACCT_NTHR, 1);
290 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
291 	}
292 #endif
293 	return (error);
294 }
295 
296 int
297 sys_thr_self(struct thread *td, struct thr_self_args *uap)
298     /* long *id */
299 {
300 	int error;
301 
302 	error = suword_lwpid(uap->id, (unsigned)td->td_tid);
303 	if (error == -1)
304 		return (EFAULT);
305 	return (0);
306 }
307 
308 int
309 sys_thr_exit(struct thread *td, struct thr_exit_args *uap)
310     /* long *state */
311 {
312 
313 	umtx_thread_exit(td);
314 
315 	/* Signal userland that it can free the stack. */
316 	if ((void *)uap->state != NULL) {
317 		(void)suword_lwpid(uap->state, 1);
318 		(void)kern_umtx_wake(td, uap->state, INT_MAX, 0);
319 	}
320 
321 	return (kern_thr_exit(td));
322 }
323 
324 int
325 kern_thr_exit(struct thread *td)
326 {
327 	struct proc *p;
328 
329 	p = td->td_proc;
330 
331 	/*
332 	 * If all of the threads in a process call this routine to
333 	 * exit (e.g. all threads call pthread_exit()), exactly one
334 	 * thread should return to the caller to terminate the process
335 	 * instead of the thread.
336 	 *
337 	 * Checking p_numthreads alone is not sufficient since threads
338 	 * might be committed to terminating while the PROC_LOCK is
339 	 * dropped in either ptracestop() or while removing this thread
340 	 * from the tidhash.  Instead, the p_pendingexits field holds
341 	 * the count of threads in either of those states and a thread
342 	 * is considered the "last" thread if all of the other threads
343 	 * in a process are already terminating.
344 	 */
345 	PROC_LOCK(p);
346 	if (p->p_numthreads == p->p_pendingexits + 1) {
347 		/*
348 		 * Ignore attempts to shut down last thread in the
349 		 * proc.  This will actually call _exit(2) in the
350 		 * usermode trampoline when it returns.
351 		 */
352 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
353 		return (0);
354 	}
355 
356 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_ontdexit != NULL)
357 		p->p_sysent->sv_ontdexit(td);
358 
359 	td->td_dbgflags |= TDB_EXIT;
360 	if (p->p_ptevents & PTRACE_LWP) {
361 		p->p_pendingexits++;
362 		ptracestop(td, SIGTRAP, NULL);
363 		p->p_pendingexits--;
364 	}
365 	tidhash_remove(td);
366 
367 	/*
368 	 * The check above should prevent all other threads from this
369 	 * process from exiting while the PROC_LOCK is dropped, so
370 	 * there must be at least one other thread other than the
371 	 * current thread.
372 	 */
373 	KASSERT(p->p_numthreads > 1, ("too few threads"));
374 	racct_sub(p, RACCT_NTHR, 1);
375 	tdsigcleanup(td);
376 
377 #ifdef AUDIT
378 	AUDIT_SYSCALL_EXIT(0, td);
379 #endif
380 
381 	PROC_SLOCK(p);
382 	thread_stopped(p);
383 	thread_exit();
384 	/* NOTREACHED */
385 }
386 
387 int
388 sys_thr_kill(struct thread *td, struct thr_kill_args *uap)
389     /* long id, int sig */
390 {
391 	ksiginfo_t ksi;
392 	struct thread *ttd;
393 	struct proc *p;
394 	int error;
395 
396 	p = td->td_proc;
397 	ksiginfo_init(&ksi);
398 	ksi.ksi_signo = uap->sig;
399 	ksi.ksi_code = SI_LWP;
400 	ksi.ksi_pid = p->p_pid;
401 	ksi.ksi_uid = td->td_ucred->cr_ruid;
402 	if (uap->id == -1) {
403 		if (uap->sig != 0 && !_SIG_VALID(uap->sig)) {
404 			error = EINVAL;
405 		} else {
406 			error = ESRCH;
407 			PROC_LOCK(p);
408 			FOREACH_THREAD_IN_PROC(p, ttd) {
409 				if (ttd != td) {
410 					error = 0;
411 					if (uap->sig == 0)
412 						break;
413 					tdksignal(ttd, uap->sig, &ksi);
414 				}
415 			}
416 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
417 		}
418 	} else {
419 		error = 0;
420 		ttd = tdfind((lwpid_t)uap->id, p->p_pid);
421 		if (ttd == NULL)
422 			return (ESRCH);
423 		if (uap->sig == 0)
424 			;
425 		else if (!_SIG_VALID(uap->sig))
426 			error = EINVAL;
427 		else
428 			tdksignal(ttd, uap->sig, &ksi);
429 		PROC_UNLOCK(ttd->td_proc);
430 	}
431 	return (error);
432 }
433 
434 int
435 sys_thr_kill2(struct thread *td, struct thr_kill2_args *uap)
436     /* pid_t pid, long id, int sig */
437 {
438 	ksiginfo_t ksi;
439 	struct thread *ttd;
440 	struct proc *p;
441 	int error;
442 
443 	AUDIT_ARG_SIGNUM(uap->sig);
444 
445 	ksiginfo_init(&ksi);
446 	ksi.ksi_signo = uap->sig;
447 	ksi.ksi_code = SI_LWP;
448 	ksi.ksi_pid = td->td_proc->p_pid;
449 	ksi.ksi_uid = td->td_ucred->cr_ruid;
450 	if (uap->id == -1) {
451 		if ((p = pfind(uap->pid)) == NULL)
452 			return (ESRCH);
453 		AUDIT_ARG_PROCESS(p);
454 		error = p_cansignal(td, p, uap->sig);
455 		if (error) {
456 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
457 			return (error);
458 		}
459 		if (uap->sig != 0 && !_SIG_VALID(uap->sig)) {
460 			error = EINVAL;
461 		} else {
462 			error = ESRCH;
463 			FOREACH_THREAD_IN_PROC(p, ttd) {
464 				if (ttd != td) {
465 					error = 0;
466 					if (uap->sig == 0)
467 						break;
468 					tdksignal(ttd, uap->sig, &ksi);
469 				}
470 			}
471 		}
472 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
473 	} else {
474 		ttd = tdfind((lwpid_t)uap->id, uap->pid);
475 		if (ttd == NULL)
476 			return (ESRCH);
477 		p = ttd->td_proc;
478 		AUDIT_ARG_PROCESS(p);
479 		error = p_cansignal(td, p, uap->sig);
480 		if (uap->sig == 0)
481 			;
482 		else if (!_SIG_VALID(uap->sig))
483 			error = EINVAL;
484 		else
485 			tdksignal(ttd, uap->sig, &ksi);
486 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
487 	}
488 	return (error);
489 }
490 
491 int
492 sys_thr_suspend(struct thread *td, struct thr_suspend_args *uap)
493 	/* const struct timespec *timeout */
494 {
495 	struct timespec ts, *tsp;
496 	int error;
497 
498 	tsp = NULL;
499 	if (uap->timeout != NULL) {
500 		error = umtx_copyin_timeout(uap->timeout, &ts);
501 		if (error != 0)
502 			return (error);
503 		tsp = &ts;
504 	}
505 
506 	return (kern_thr_suspend(td, tsp));
507 }
508 
509 int
510 kern_thr_suspend(struct thread *td, struct timespec *tsp)
511 {
512 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
513 	struct timeval tv;
514 	int error = 0;
515 	int timo = 0;
516 
517 	if (td->td_pflags & TDP_WAKEUP) {
518 		td->td_pflags &= ~TDP_WAKEUP;
519 		return (0);
520 	}
521 
522 	if (tsp != NULL) {
523 		if (tsp->tv_sec == 0 && tsp->tv_nsec == 0)
524 			error = EWOULDBLOCK;
525 		else {
526 			TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&tv, tsp);
527 			timo = tvtohz(&tv);
528 		}
529 	}
530 
531 	PROC_LOCK(p);
532 	if (error == 0 && (td->td_flags & TDF_THRWAKEUP) == 0)
533 		error = msleep((void *)td, &p->p_mtx,
534 			 PCATCH, "lthr", timo);
535 
536 	if (td->td_flags & TDF_THRWAKEUP) {
537 		thread_lock(td);
538 		td->td_flags &= ~TDF_THRWAKEUP;
539 		thread_unlock(td);
540 		PROC_UNLOCK(p);
541 		return (0);
542 	}
543 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
544 	if (error == EWOULDBLOCK)
545 		error = ETIMEDOUT;
546 	else if (error == ERESTART) {
547 		if (timo != 0)
548 			error = EINTR;
549 	}
550 	return (error);
551 }
552 
553 int
554 sys_thr_wake(struct thread *td, struct thr_wake_args *uap)
555 	/* long id */
556 {
557 	struct proc *p;
558 	struct thread *ttd;
559 
560 	if (uap->id == td->td_tid) {
561 		td->td_pflags |= TDP_WAKEUP;
562 		return (0);
563 	}
564 
565 	p = td->td_proc;
566 	ttd = tdfind((lwpid_t)uap->id, p->p_pid);
567 	if (ttd == NULL)
568 		return (ESRCH);
569 	thread_lock(ttd);
570 	ttd->td_flags |= TDF_THRWAKEUP;
571 	thread_unlock(ttd);
572 	wakeup((void *)ttd);
573 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
574 	return (0);
575 }
576 
577 int
578 sys_thr_set_name(struct thread *td, struct thr_set_name_args *uap)
579 {
580 	struct proc *p;
581 	char name[MAXCOMLEN + 1];
582 	struct thread *ttd;
583 	int error;
584 
585 	error = 0;
586 	name[0] = '\0';
587 	if (uap->name != NULL) {
588 		error = copyinstr(uap->name, name, sizeof(name), NULL);
589 		if (error == ENAMETOOLONG) {
590 			error = copyin(uap->name, name, sizeof(name) - 1);
591 			name[sizeof(name) - 1] = '\0';
592 		}
593 		if (error)
594 			return (error);
595 	}
596 	p = td->td_proc;
597 	ttd = tdfind((lwpid_t)uap->id, p->p_pid);
598 	if (ttd == NULL)
599 		return (ESRCH);
600 	strcpy(ttd->td_name, name);
601 #ifdef HWPMC_HOOKS
602 	if (PMC_PROC_IS_USING_PMCS(p) || PMC_SYSTEM_SAMPLING_ACTIVE())
603 		PMC_CALL_HOOK_UNLOCKED(ttd, PMC_FN_THR_CREATE_LOG, NULL);
604 #endif
605 #ifdef KTR
606 	sched_clear_tdname(ttd);
607 #endif
608 	PROC_UNLOCK(p);
609 	return (error);
610 }
611 
612 int
613 kern_thr_alloc(struct proc *p, int pages, struct thread **ntd)
614 {
615 
616 	/* Have race condition but it is cheap. */
617 	if (p->p_numthreads >= max_threads_per_proc) {
618 		++max_threads_hits;
619 		return (EPROCLIM);
620 	}
621 
622 	*ntd = thread_alloc(pages);
623 	if (*ntd == NULL)
624 		return (ENOMEM);
625 
626 	return (0);
627 }
628