xref: /freebsd/sys/geom/eli/g_eli_key_cache.c (revision b9f654b163bce26de79705e77b872427c9f2afa1)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2011-2019 Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pawel@dawidek.net>
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
30 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
31 
32 #include <sys/param.h>
33 #ifdef _KERNEL
34 #include <sys/kernel.h>
35 #include <sys/malloc.h>
36 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
37 #include <sys/systm.h>
38 #endif /* _KERNEL */
39 #include <sys/queue.h>
40 #include <sys/tree.h>
41 
42 #include <geom/geom.h>
43 
44 #include <geom/eli/g_eli.h>
45 
46 #ifdef _KERNEL
47 MALLOC_DECLARE(M_ELI);
48 
49 SYSCTL_DECL(_kern_geom_eli);
50 /*
51  * The default limit (8192 keys) will allow to cache all keys for 4TB
52  * provider with 512 bytes sectors and will take around 1MB of memory.
53  */
54 static u_int g_eli_key_cache_limit = 8192;
55 SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_geom_eli, OID_AUTO, key_cache_limit, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
56     &g_eli_key_cache_limit, 0, "Maximum number of encryption keys to cache");
57 static uint64_t g_eli_key_cache_hits;
58 SYSCTL_UQUAD(_kern_geom_eli, OID_AUTO, key_cache_hits, CTLFLAG_RW,
59     &g_eli_key_cache_hits, 0, "Key cache hits");
60 static uint64_t g_eli_key_cache_misses;
61 SYSCTL_UQUAD(_kern_geom_eli, OID_AUTO, key_cache_misses, CTLFLAG_RW,
62     &g_eli_key_cache_misses, 0, "Key cache misses");
63 
64 static int
65 g_eli_key_cmp(const struct g_eli_key *a, const struct g_eli_key *b)
66 {
67 
68 	if (a->gek_keyno > b->gek_keyno)
69 		return (1);
70 	else if (a->gek_keyno < b->gek_keyno)
71 		return (-1);
72 	return (0);
73 }
74 #endif /* _KERNEL */
75 
76 void
77 g_eli_key_fill(struct g_eli_softc *sc, struct g_eli_key *key, uint64_t keyno)
78 {
79 	const uint8_t *ekey;
80 	struct {
81 		char magic[4];
82 		uint8_t keyno[8];
83 	} __packed hmacdata;
84 
85 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_ENC_IVKEY) != 0)
86 		ekey = sc->sc_mkey;
87 	else
88 		ekey = sc->sc_ekey;
89 
90 	bcopy("ekey", hmacdata.magic, 4);
91 	le64enc(hmacdata.keyno, keyno);
92 	g_eli_crypto_hmac(ekey, G_ELI_MAXKEYLEN, (uint8_t *)&hmacdata,
93 	    sizeof(hmacdata), key->gek_key, 0);
94 	key->gek_keyno = keyno;
95 	key->gek_count = 0;
96 	key->gek_magic = G_ELI_KEY_MAGIC;
97 }
98 
99 #ifdef _KERNEL
100 RB_PROTOTYPE(g_eli_key_tree, g_eli_key, gek_link, g_eli_key_cmp);
101 RB_GENERATE(g_eli_key_tree, g_eli_key, gek_link, g_eli_key_cmp);
102 
103 static struct g_eli_key *
104 g_eli_key_allocate(struct g_eli_softc *sc, uint64_t keyno)
105 {
106 	struct g_eli_key *key, *ekey, keysearch;
107 
108 	mtx_assert(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock, MA_OWNED);
109 	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
110 
111 	key = malloc(sizeof(*key), M_ELI, M_WAITOK);
112 	g_eli_key_fill(sc, key, keyno);
113 
114 	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
115 	/*
116 	 * Recheck if the key wasn't added while we weren't holding the lock.
117 	 */
118 	keysearch.gek_keyno = keyno;
119 	ekey = RB_FIND(g_eli_key_tree, &sc->sc_ekeys_tree, &keysearch);
120 	if (ekey != NULL) {
121 		explicit_bzero(key, sizeof(*key));
122 		free(key, M_ELI);
123 		key = ekey;
124 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue, key, gek_next);
125 	} else {
126 		RB_INSERT(g_eli_key_tree, &sc->sc_ekeys_tree, key);
127 		sc->sc_ekeys_allocated++;
128 	}
129 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue, key, gek_next);
130 
131 	return (key);
132 }
133 
134 static struct g_eli_key *
135 g_eli_key_find_last(struct g_eli_softc *sc)
136 {
137 	struct g_eli_key *key;
138 
139 	mtx_assert(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock, MA_OWNED);
140 
141 	TAILQ_FOREACH(key, &sc->sc_ekeys_queue, gek_next) {
142 		if (key->gek_count == 0)
143 			break;
144 	}
145 
146 	return (key);
147 }
148 
149 static void
150 g_eli_key_replace(struct g_eli_softc *sc, struct g_eli_key *key, uint64_t keyno)
151 {
152 
153 	mtx_assert(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock, MA_OWNED);
154 	KASSERT(key->gek_magic == G_ELI_KEY_MAGIC, ("Invalid magic."));
155 
156 	RB_REMOVE(g_eli_key_tree, &sc->sc_ekeys_tree, key);
157 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue, key, gek_next);
158 
159 	KASSERT(key->gek_count == 0, ("gek_count=%d", key->gek_count));
160 
161 	g_eli_key_fill(sc, key, keyno);
162 
163 	RB_INSERT(g_eli_key_tree, &sc->sc_ekeys_tree, key);
164 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue, key, gek_next);
165 }
166 
167 static void
168 g_eli_key_remove(struct g_eli_softc *sc, struct g_eli_key *key)
169 {
170 
171 	mtx_assert(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock, MA_OWNED);
172 	KASSERT(key->gek_magic == G_ELI_KEY_MAGIC, ("Invalid magic."));
173 	KASSERT(key->gek_count == 0, ("gek_count=%d", key->gek_count));
174 
175 	RB_REMOVE(g_eli_key_tree, &sc->sc_ekeys_tree, key);
176 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue, key, gek_next);
177 	sc->sc_ekeys_allocated--;
178 	explicit_bzero(key, sizeof(*key));
179 	free(key, M_ELI);
180 }
181 
182 void
183 g_eli_key_init(struct g_eli_softc *sc)
184 {
185 	uint8_t *mkey;
186 
187 	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
188 
189 	mkey = sc->sc_mkey + sizeof(sc->sc_ivkey);
190 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_AUTH) == 0)
191 		bcopy(mkey, sc->sc_ekey, G_ELI_DATAKEYLEN);
192 	else {
193 		/*
194 		 * The encryption key is: ekey = HMAC_SHA512(Data-Key, 0x10)
195 		 */
196 		g_eli_crypto_hmac(mkey, G_ELI_MAXKEYLEN, "\x10", 1,
197 		    sc->sc_ekey, 0);
198 	}
199 
200 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_SINGLE_KEY) != 0) {
201 		sc->sc_ekeys_total = 1;
202 		sc->sc_ekeys_allocated = 0;
203 	} else {
204 		off_t mediasize;
205 		size_t blocksize;
206 
207 		if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_AUTH) != 0) {
208 			struct g_provider *pp;
209 
210 			pp = LIST_FIRST(&sc->sc_geom->consumer)->provider;
211 			mediasize = pp->mediasize;
212 			blocksize = pp->sectorsize;
213 		} else {
214 			mediasize = sc->sc_mediasize;
215 			blocksize = sc->sc_sectorsize;
216 		}
217 		sc->sc_ekeys_total =
218 		    ((mediasize - 1) >> G_ELI_KEY_SHIFT) / blocksize + 1;
219 		sc->sc_ekeys_allocated = 0;
220 		TAILQ_INIT(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue);
221 		RB_INIT(&sc->sc_ekeys_tree);
222 		if (sc->sc_ekeys_total <= g_eli_key_cache_limit) {
223 			uint64_t keyno;
224 
225 			for (keyno = 0; keyno < sc->sc_ekeys_total; keyno++)
226 				(void)g_eli_key_allocate(sc, keyno);
227 			KASSERT(sc->sc_ekeys_total == sc->sc_ekeys_allocated,
228 			    ("sc_ekeys_total=%ju != sc_ekeys_allocated=%ju",
229 			    (uintmax_t)sc->sc_ekeys_total,
230 			    (uintmax_t)sc->sc_ekeys_allocated));
231 		}
232 	}
233 
234 	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
235 }
236 
237 void
238 g_eli_key_destroy(struct g_eli_softc *sc)
239 {
240 
241 	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
242 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_SINGLE_KEY) != 0) {
243 		explicit_bzero(sc->sc_ekey, sizeof(sc->sc_ekey));
244 	} else {
245 		struct g_eli_key *key;
246 
247 		while ((key = TAILQ_FIRST(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue)) != NULL)
248 			g_eli_key_remove(sc, key);
249 		TAILQ_INIT(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue);
250 		RB_INIT(&sc->sc_ekeys_tree);
251 	}
252 	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
253 }
254 
255 void
256 g_eli_key_resize(struct g_eli_softc *sc)
257 {
258 	uint64_t new_ekeys_total;
259 	off_t mediasize;
260 	size_t blocksize;
261 
262 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_SINGLE_KEY) != 0) {
263 		return;
264 	}
265 
266 	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
267 
268 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_AUTH) != 0) {
269 		struct g_provider *pp;
270 
271 		pp = LIST_FIRST(&sc->sc_geom->consumer)->provider;
272 		mediasize = pp->mediasize;
273 		blocksize = pp->sectorsize;
274 	} else {
275 		mediasize = sc->sc_mediasize;
276 		blocksize = sc->sc_sectorsize;
277 	}
278 	new_ekeys_total = ((mediasize - 1) >> G_ELI_KEY_SHIFT) / blocksize + 1;
279 	/* We only allow to grow. */
280 	KASSERT(new_ekeys_total >= sc->sc_ekeys_total,
281 	    ("new_ekeys_total=%ju < sc_ekeys_total=%ju",
282 	    (uintmax_t)new_ekeys_total, (uintmax_t)sc->sc_ekeys_total));
283 	if (new_ekeys_total <= g_eli_key_cache_limit) {
284 		uint64_t keyno;
285 
286 		for (keyno = sc->sc_ekeys_total; keyno < new_ekeys_total;
287 		    keyno++) {
288 			(void)g_eli_key_allocate(sc, keyno);
289 		}
290 		KASSERT(new_ekeys_total == sc->sc_ekeys_allocated,
291 		    ("new_ekeys_total=%ju != sc_ekeys_allocated=%ju",
292 		    (uintmax_t)new_ekeys_total,
293 		    (uintmax_t)sc->sc_ekeys_allocated));
294 	}
295 
296 	sc->sc_ekeys_total = new_ekeys_total;
297 
298 	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
299 }
300 
301 /*
302  * Select encryption key. If G_ELI_FLAG_SINGLE_KEY is present we only have one
303  * key available for all the data. If the flag is not present select the key
304  * based on data offset.
305  */
306 uint8_t *
307 g_eli_key_hold(struct g_eli_softc *sc, off_t offset, size_t blocksize)
308 {
309 	struct g_eli_key *key, keysearch;
310 	uint64_t keyno;
311 
312 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_SINGLE_KEY) != 0)
313 		return (sc->sc_ekey);
314 
315 	/* We switch key every 2^G_ELI_KEY_SHIFT blocks. */
316 	keyno = (offset >> G_ELI_KEY_SHIFT) / blocksize;
317 
318 	KASSERT(keyno < sc->sc_ekeys_total,
319 	    ("%s: keyno=%ju >= sc_ekeys_total=%ju",
320 	    __func__, (uintmax_t)keyno, (uintmax_t)sc->sc_ekeys_total));
321 
322 	keysearch.gek_keyno = keyno;
323 
324 	if (sc->sc_ekeys_total == sc->sc_ekeys_allocated) {
325 		/* We have all the keys, so avoid some overhead. */
326 		key = RB_FIND(g_eli_key_tree, &sc->sc_ekeys_tree, &keysearch);
327 		KASSERT(key != NULL, ("No key %ju found.", (uintmax_t)keyno));
328 		KASSERT(key->gek_magic == G_ELI_KEY_MAGIC,
329 		    ("Invalid key magic."));
330 		return (key->gek_key);
331 	}
332 
333 	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
334 	key = RB_FIND(g_eli_key_tree, &sc->sc_ekeys_tree, &keysearch);
335 	if (key != NULL) {
336 		g_eli_key_cache_hits++;
337 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue, key, gek_next);
338 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue, key, gek_next);
339 	} else {
340 		/*
341 		 * No key in cache, find the least recently unreferenced key
342 		 * or allocate one if we haven't reached our limit yet.
343 		 */
344 		if (sc->sc_ekeys_allocated < g_eli_key_cache_limit) {
345 			key = g_eli_key_allocate(sc, keyno);
346 		} else {
347 			g_eli_key_cache_misses++;
348 			key = g_eli_key_find_last(sc);
349 			if (key != NULL) {
350 				g_eli_key_replace(sc, key, keyno);
351 			} else {
352 				/* All keys are referenced? Allocate one. */
353 				key = g_eli_key_allocate(sc, keyno);
354 			}
355 		}
356 	}
357 	key->gek_count++;
358 	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
359 
360 	KASSERT(key->gek_magic == G_ELI_KEY_MAGIC, ("Invalid key magic."));
361 
362 	return (key->gek_key);
363 }
364 
365 void
366 g_eli_key_drop(struct g_eli_softc *sc, uint8_t *rawkey)
367 {
368 	struct g_eli_key *key = (struct g_eli_key *)rawkey;
369 
370 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_SINGLE_KEY) != 0)
371 		return;
372 
373 	KASSERT(key->gek_magic == G_ELI_KEY_MAGIC, ("Invalid key magic."));
374 
375 	if (sc->sc_ekeys_total == sc->sc_ekeys_allocated)
376 		return;
377 
378 	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
379 	KASSERT(key->gek_count > 0, ("key->gek_count=%d", key->gek_count));
380 	key->gek_count--;
381 	while (sc->sc_ekeys_allocated > g_eli_key_cache_limit) {
382 		key = g_eli_key_find_last(sc);
383 		if (key == NULL)
384 			break;
385 		g_eli_key_remove(sc, key);
386 	}
387 	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
388 }
389 #endif /* _KERNEL */
390