xref: /freebsd/sys/geom/eli/g_eli_key_cache.c (revision 8ddb146abcdf061be9f2c0db7e391697dafad85c)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2011-2019 Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pawel@dawidek.net>
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
30 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
31 
32 #include <sys/param.h>
33 #ifdef _KERNEL
34 #include <sys/kernel.h>
35 #include <sys/malloc.h>
36 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
37 #include <sys/systm.h>
38 #endif /* _KERNEL */
39 #include <sys/queue.h>
40 #include <sys/tree.h>
41 
42 #include <geom/geom.h>
43 
44 #include <geom/eli/g_eli.h>
45 
46 #ifdef _KERNEL
47 MALLOC_DECLARE(M_ELI);
48 
49 SYSCTL_DECL(_kern_geom_eli);
50 /*
51  * The default limit (8192 keys) will allow to cache all keys for 4TB
52  * provider with 512 bytes sectors and will take around 1MB of memory.
53  */
54 static u_int g_eli_key_cache_limit = 8192;
55 SYSCTL_UINT(_kern_geom_eli, OID_AUTO, key_cache_limit, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
56     &g_eli_key_cache_limit, 0, "Maximum number of encryption keys to cache");
57 static uint64_t g_eli_key_cache_hits;
58 SYSCTL_UQUAD(_kern_geom_eli, OID_AUTO, key_cache_hits, CTLFLAG_RW,
59     &g_eli_key_cache_hits, 0, "Key cache hits");
60 static uint64_t g_eli_key_cache_misses;
61 SYSCTL_UQUAD(_kern_geom_eli, OID_AUTO, key_cache_misses, CTLFLAG_RW,
62     &g_eli_key_cache_misses, 0, "Key cache misses");
63 
64 static int
65 g_eli_key_cmp(const struct g_eli_key *a, const struct g_eli_key *b)
66 {
67 
68 	if (a->gek_keyno > b->gek_keyno)
69 		return (1);
70 	else if (a->gek_keyno < b->gek_keyno)
71 		return (-1);
72 	return (0);
73 }
74 #endif /* _KERNEL */
75 
76 void
77 g_eli_key_fill(struct g_eli_softc *sc, struct g_eli_key *key, uint64_t keyno)
78 {
79 	const uint8_t *ekey;
80 	struct {
81 		char magic[4];
82 		uint8_t keyno[8];
83 	} __packed hmacdata;
84 
85 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_ENC_IVKEY) != 0)
86 		ekey = sc->sc_mkey;
87 	else
88 		ekey = sc->sc_ekey;
89 
90 	bcopy("ekey", hmacdata.magic, 4);
91 	le64enc(hmacdata.keyno, keyno);
92 	g_eli_crypto_hmac(ekey, G_ELI_MAXKEYLEN, (uint8_t *)&hmacdata,
93 	    sizeof(hmacdata), key->gek_key, 0);
94 	key->gek_keyno = keyno;
95 	key->gek_count = 0;
96 	key->gek_magic = G_ELI_KEY_MAGIC;
97 }
98 
99 #ifdef _KERNEL
100 RB_PROTOTYPE(g_eli_key_tree, g_eli_key, gek_link, g_eli_key_cmp);
101 RB_GENERATE(g_eli_key_tree, g_eli_key, gek_link, g_eli_key_cmp);
102 
103 static struct g_eli_key *
104 g_eli_key_allocate(struct g_eli_softc *sc, uint64_t keyno)
105 {
106 	struct g_eli_key *key, *ekey, keysearch;
107 
108 	mtx_assert(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock, MA_OWNED);
109 	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
110 
111 	key = malloc(sizeof(*key), M_ELI, M_WAITOK);
112 	g_eli_key_fill(sc, key, keyno);
113 
114 	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
115 	/*
116 	 * Recheck if the key wasn't added while we weren't holding the lock.
117 	 */
118 	keysearch.gek_keyno = keyno;
119 	ekey = RB_FIND(g_eli_key_tree, &sc->sc_ekeys_tree, &keysearch);
120 	if (ekey != NULL) {
121 		zfree(key, M_ELI);
122 		key = ekey;
123 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue, key, gek_next);
124 	} else {
125 		RB_INSERT(g_eli_key_tree, &sc->sc_ekeys_tree, key);
126 		sc->sc_ekeys_allocated++;
127 	}
128 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue, key, gek_next);
129 
130 	return (key);
131 }
132 
133 static struct g_eli_key *
134 g_eli_key_find_last(struct g_eli_softc *sc)
135 {
136 	struct g_eli_key *key;
137 
138 	mtx_assert(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock, MA_OWNED);
139 
140 	TAILQ_FOREACH(key, &sc->sc_ekeys_queue, gek_next) {
141 		if (key->gek_count == 0)
142 			break;
143 	}
144 
145 	return (key);
146 }
147 
148 static void
149 g_eli_key_replace(struct g_eli_softc *sc, struct g_eli_key *key, uint64_t keyno)
150 {
151 
152 	mtx_assert(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock, MA_OWNED);
153 	KASSERT(key->gek_magic == G_ELI_KEY_MAGIC, ("Invalid magic."));
154 
155 	RB_REMOVE(g_eli_key_tree, &sc->sc_ekeys_tree, key);
156 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue, key, gek_next);
157 
158 	KASSERT(key->gek_count == 0, ("gek_count=%d", key->gek_count));
159 
160 	g_eli_key_fill(sc, key, keyno);
161 
162 	RB_INSERT(g_eli_key_tree, &sc->sc_ekeys_tree, key);
163 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue, key, gek_next);
164 }
165 
166 static void
167 g_eli_key_remove(struct g_eli_softc *sc, struct g_eli_key *key)
168 {
169 
170 	mtx_assert(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock, MA_OWNED);
171 	KASSERT(key->gek_magic == G_ELI_KEY_MAGIC, ("Invalid magic."));
172 	KASSERT(key->gek_count == 0, ("gek_count=%d", key->gek_count));
173 
174 	RB_REMOVE(g_eli_key_tree, &sc->sc_ekeys_tree, key);
175 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue, key, gek_next);
176 	sc->sc_ekeys_allocated--;
177 	zfree(key, M_ELI);
178 }
179 
180 void
181 g_eli_key_init(struct g_eli_softc *sc)
182 {
183 	uint8_t *mkey;
184 
185 	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
186 
187 	mkey = sc->sc_mkey + sizeof(sc->sc_ivkey);
188 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_AUTH) == 0)
189 		bcopy(mkey, sc->sc_ekey, G_ELI_DATAKEYLEN);
190 	else {
191 		/*
192 		 * The encryption key is: ekey = HMAC_SHA512(Data-Key, 0x10)
193 		 */
194 		g_eli_crypto_hmac(mkey, G_ELI_MAXKEYLEN, "\x10", 1,
195 		    sc->sc_ekey, 0);
196 	}
197 
198 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_SINGLE_KEY) != 0) {
199 		sc->sc_ekeys_total = 1;
200 		sc->sc_ekeys_allocated = 0;
201 	} else {
202 		off_t mediasize;
203 		size_t blocksize;
204 
205 		if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_AUTH) != 0) {
206 			struct g_provider *pp;
207 
208 			pp = LIST_FIRST(&sc->sc_geom->consumer)->provider;
209 			mediasize = pp->mediasize;
210 			blocksize = pp->sectorsize;
211 		} else {
212 			mediasize = sc->sc_mediasize;
213 			blocksize = sc->sc_sectorsize;
214 		}
215 		sc->sc_ekeys_total =
216 		    ((mediasize - 1) >> G_ELI_KEY_SHIFT) / blocksize + 1;
217 		sc->sc_ekeys_allocated = 0;
218 		TAILQ_INIT(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue);
219 		RB_INIT(&sc->sc_ekeys_tree);
220 		if (sc->sc_ekeys_total <= g_eli_key_cache_limit) {
221 			uint64_t keyno;
222 
223 			for (keyno = 0; keyno < sc->sc_ekeys_total; keyno++)
224 				(void)g_eli_key_allocate(sc, keyno);
225 			KASSERT(sc->sc_ekeys_total == sc->sc_ekeys_allocated,
226 			    ("sc_ekeys_total=%ju != sc_ekeys_allocated=%ju",
227 			    (uintmax_t)sc->sc_ekeys_total,
228 			    (uintmax_t)sc->sc_ekeys_allocated));
229 		}
230 	}
231 
232 	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
233 }
234 
235 void
236 g_eli_key_destroy(struct g_eli_softc *sc)
237 {
238 
239 	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
240 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_SINGLE_KEY) != 0) {
241 		explicit_bzero(sc->sc_ekey, sizeof(sc->sc_ekey));
242 	} else {
243 		struct g_eli_key *key;
244 
245 		while ((key = TAILQ_FIRST(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue)) != NULL)
246 			g_eli_key_remove(sc, key);
247 		TAILQ_INIT(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue);
248 		RB_INIT(&sc->sc_ekeys_tree);
249 	}
250 	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
251 }
252 
253 void
254 g_eli_key_resize(struct g_eli_softc *sc)
255 {
256 	uint64_t new_ekeys_total;
257 	off_t mediasize;
258 	size_t blocksize;
259 
260 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_SINGLE_KEY) != 0) {
261 		return;
262 	}
263 
264 	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
265 
266 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_AUTH) != 0) {
267 		struct g_provider *pp;
268 
269 		pp = LIST_FIRST(&sc->sc_geom->consumer)->provider;
270 		mediasize = pp->mediasize;
271 		blocksize = pp->sectorsize;
272 	} else {
273 		mediasize = sc->sc_mediasize;
274 		blocksize = sc->sc_sectorsize;
275 	}
276 	new_ekeys_total = ((mediasize - 1) >> G_ELI_KEY_SHIFT) / blocksize + 1;
277 	/* We only allow to grow. */
278 	KASSERT(new_ekeys_total >= sc->sc_ekeys_total,
279 	    ("new_ekeys_total=%ju < sc_ekeys_total=%ju",
280 	    (uintmax_t)new_ekeys_total, (uintmax_t)sc->sc_ekeys_total));
281 	if (new_ekeys_total <= g_eli_key_cache_limit) {
282 		uint64_t keyno;
283 
284 		for (keyno = sc->sc_ekeys_total; keyno < new_ekeys_total;
285 		    keyno++) {
286 			(void)g_eli_key_allocate(sc, keyno);
287 		}
288 		KASSERT(new_ekeys_total == sc->sc_ekeys_allocated,
289 		    ("new_ekeys_total=%ju != sc_ekeys_allocated=%ju",
290 		    (uintmax_t)new_ekeys_total,
291 		    (uintmax_t)sc->sc_ekeys_allocated));
292 	}
293 
294 	sc->sc_ekeys_total = new_ekeys_total;
295 
296 	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
297 }
298 
299 /*
300  * Select encryption key. If G_ELI_FLAG_SINGLE_KEY is present we only have one
301  * key available for all the data. If the flag is not present select the key
302  * based on data offset.
303  */
304 uint8_t *
305 g_eli_key_hold(struct g_eli_softc *sc, off_t offset, size_t blocksize)
306 {
307 	struct g_eli_key *key, keysearch;
308 	uint64_t keyno;
309 
310 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_SINGLE_KEY) != 0)
311 		return (sc->sc_ekey);
312 
313 	/* We switch key every 2^G_ELI_KEY_SHIFT blocks. */
314 	keyno = (offset >> G_ELI_KEY_SHIFT) / blocksize;
315 
316 	KASSERT(keyno < sc->sc_ekeys_total,
317 	    ("%s: keyno=%ju >= sc_ekeys_total=%ju",
318 	    __func__, (uintmax_t)keyno, (uintmax_t)sc->sc_ekeys_total));
319 
320 	keysearch.gek_keyno = keyno;
321 
322 	if (sc->sc_ekeys_total == sc->sc_ekeys_allocated) {
323 		/* We have all the keys, so avoid some overhead. */
324 		key = RB_FIND(g_eli_key_tree, &sc->sc_ekeys_tree, &keysearch);
325 		KASSERT(key != NULL, ("No key %ju found.", (uintmax_t)keyno));
326 		KASSERT(key->gek_magic == G_ELI_KEY_MAGIC,
327 		    ("Invalid key magic."));
328 		return (key->gek_key);
329 	}
330 
331 	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
332 	key = RB_FIND(g_eli_key_tree, &sc->sc_ekeys_tree, &keysearch);
333 	if (key != NULL) {
334 		g_eli_key_cache_hits++;
335 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue, key, gek_next);
336 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&sc->sc_ekeys_queue, key, gek_next);
337 	} else {
338 		/*
339 		 * No key in cache, find the least recently unreferenced key
340 		 * or allocate one if we haven't reached our limit yet.
341 		 */
342 		if (sc->sc_ekeys_allocated < g_eli_key_cache_limit) {
343 			key = g_eli_key_allocate(sc, keyno);
344 		} else {
345 			g_eli_key_cache_misses++;
346 			key = g_eli_key_find_last(sc);
347 			if (key != NULL) {
348 				g_eli_key_replace(sc, key, keyno);
349 			} else {
350 				/* All keys are referenced? Allocate one. */
351 				key = g_eli_key_allocate(sc, keyno);
352 			}
353 		}
354 	}
355 	key->gek_count++;
356 	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
357 
358 	KASSERT(key->gek_magic == G_ELI_KEY_MAGIC, ("Invalid key magic."));
359 
360 	return (key->gek_key);
361 }
362 
363 void
364 g_eli_key_drop(struct g_eli_softc *sc, uint8_t *rawkey)
365 {
366 	struct g_eli_key *key = (struct g_eli_key *)rawkey;
367 
368 	if ((sc->sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_SINGLE_KEY) != 0)
369 		return;
370 
371 	KASSERT(key->gek_magic == G_ELI_KEY_MAGIC, ("Invalid key magic."));
372 
373 	if (sc->sc_ekeys_total == sc->sc_ekeys_allocated)
374 		return;
375 
376 	mtx_lock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
377 	KASSERT(key->gek_count > 0, ("key->gek_count=%d", key->gek_count));
378 	key->gek_count--;
379 	while (sc->sc_ekeys_allocated > g_eli_key_cache_limit) {
380 		key = g_eli_key_find_last(sc);
381 		if (key == NULL)
382 			break;
383 		g_eli_key_remove(sc, key);
384 	}
385 	mtx_unlock(&sc->sc_ekeys_lock);
386 }
387 #endif /* _KERNEL */
388