xref: /freebsd/sys/fs/fuse/fuse_file.h (revision d37eb51047221dc3322b34db1038ff3aa533883f)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Google Inc. and Amit Singh
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
9  * met:
10  *
11  * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
14  *   copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
15  *   in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
16  *   distribution.
17  * * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
18  *   contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
19  *   this software without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
22  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
23  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
24  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
25  * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
26  * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
27  * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
28  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
29  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
30  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
31  * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
32  *
33  * Copyright (C) 2005 Csaba Henk.
34  * All rights reserved.
35  *
36  * Copyright (c) 2019 The FreeBSD Foundation
37  *
38  * Portions of this software were developed by BFF Storage Systems, LLC under
39  * sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
40  *
41  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
42  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
43  * are met:
44  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
45  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
46  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
47  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
48  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
49  *
50  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
51  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
52  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
53  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
54  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
55  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
56  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
57  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
58  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
59  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
60  * SUCH DAMAGE.
61  */
62 
63 #ifndef _FUSE_FILE_H_
64 #define _FUSE_FILE_H_
65 
66 #include <sys/types.h>
67 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
68 #include <sys/stat.h>
69 #include <sys/mman.h>
70 #include <sys/vnode.h>
71 
72 /*
73  * The fufh type is the access mode of the fuse file handle.  It's the portion
74  * of the open(2) flags related to permission.
75  */
76 typedef enum fufh_type {
77 	FUFH_INVALID = -1,
78 	FUFH_RDONLY  = O_RDONLY,
79 	FUFH_WRONLY  = O_WRONLY,
80 	FUFH_RDWR    = O_RDWR,
81 	FUFH_EXEC    = O_EXEC,
82 } fufh_type_t;
83 
84 /*
85  * FUSE File Handles
86  *
87  * The FUSE protocol says that a server may assign a unique 64-bit file handle
88  * every time that a file is opened.  Effectively, that's once for each file
89  * descriptor.
90  *
91  * Unfortunately, the VFS doesn't help us here.  VOPs don't have a
92  * struct file* argument.  fileops do, but many syscalls bypass the fileops
93  * layer and go straight to a vnode.  Some, like writing from cache, can't
94  * track a file handle even in theory.  The entire concept of the file handle
95  * is a product of FUSE's Linux origins; Linux lacks vnodes and almost every
96  * file system operation takes a struct file* argument.
97  *
98  * Since FreeBSD's VFS is more file descriptor-agnostic, we must store FUSE
99  * filehandles in the vnode.  One option would be to only store a single file
100  * handle and never open FUSE files concurrently.  That's what NetBSD does.
101  * But that violates FUSE's security model.  FUSE expects the server to do all
102  * authorization (except when mounted with -o default_permissions).  In order
103  * to do that, the server needs us to send FUSE_OPEN every time somebody opens
104  * a new file descriptor.
105  *
106  * Another option would be to never open FUSE files concurrently, but send a
107  * FUSE_ACCESS prior to every open after the first.  That would give the server
108  * the opportunity to authorize the access.  Unfortunately, the FUSE protocol
109  * makes ACCESS optional.  File systems that don't implement it are assumed to
110  * authorize everything.  A survey of 32 fuse file systems showed that only 14
111  * implemented access.  Among the laggards were a few that really ought to be
112  * doing server-side authorization.
113  *
114  * So we do something hacky, similar to what OpenBSD, Illumos, and OSXFuse do.
115  * we store a list of file handles, one for each combination of vnode, uid,
116  * gid, pid, and access mode.  When opening a file, we first check whether
117  * there's already a matching file handle.  If so, we reuse it.  If not, we
118  * send FUSE_OPEN and create a new file handle.  That minimizes the number of
119  * open file handles while still allowing the server to authorize stuff.
120  *
121  * VOPs that need a file handle search through the list for a close match.
122  * They can't be guaranteed of finding an exact match because, for example, a
123  * process may have changed its UID since opening the file.  Also, most VOPs
124  * don't know exactly what permission they need.  Is O_RDWR required or is
125  * O_RDONLY good enough?  So the file handle we end up using may not be exactly
126  * the one we're supposed to use with that file descriptor.  But if the FUSE
127  * file system isn't too picky, it will work.  (FWIW even Linux sometimes
128  * guesses the file handle, during writes from cache or most SETATTR
129  * operations).
130  *
131  * I suspect this mess is part of the reason why neither NFS nor 9P have an
132  * equivalent of FUSE file handles.
133  */
134 struct fuse_filehandle {
135 	LIST_ENTRY(fuse_filehandle) next;
136 
137 	/* The filehandle returned by FUSE_OPEN */
138 	uint64_t fh_id;
139 
140 	/*
141 	 * flags returned by FUSE_OPEN
142 	 * Supported flags: FOPEN_DIRECT_IO, FOPEN_KEEP_CACHE
143 	 * Unsupported:
144 	 *     FOPEN_NONSEEKABLE: Adding support would require a new per-file
145 	 *     or per-vnode attribute, which would have to be checked by
146 	 *     kern_lseek (and others) for every file system.  The benefit is
147 	 *     dubious, since I'm unaware of any file systems in ports that use
148 	 *     this flag.
149 	 */
150 	uint32_t fuse_open_flags;
151 
152 	/* The access mode of the file handle */
153 	fufh_type_t fufh_type;
154 
155 	/* Credentials used to open the file */
156 	gid_t gid;
157 	pid_t pid;
158 	uid_t uid;
159 };
160 
161 #define FUFH_IS_VALID(f)  ((f)->fufh_type != FUFH_INVALID)
162 
163 /*
164  * Get the flags to use for FUSE_CREATE, FUSE_OPEN and FUSE_RELEASE
165  *
166  * These are supposed to be the same as the flags argument to open(2).
167  * However, since we can't reliably associate a fuse_filehandle with a specific
168  * file descriptor it would would be dangerous to include anything more than
169  * the access mode flags.  For example, suppose we open a file twice, once with
170  * O_APPEND and once without.  Then the user pwrite(2)s to offset using the
171  * second file descriptor.  If fusefs uses the first file handle, then the
172  * server may append the write to the end of the file rather than at offset 0.
173  * To prevent problems like this, we only ever send the portion of flags
174  * related to access mode.
175  *
176  * It's essential to send that portion, because FUSE uses it for server-side
177  * authorization.
178  */
179 static inline int
180 fufh_type_2_fflags(fufh_type_t type)
181 {
182 	int oflags = -1;
183 
184 	switch (type) {
185 	case FUFH_RDONLY:
186 	case FUFH_WRONLY:
187 	case FUFH_RDWR:
188 	case FUFH_EXEC:
189 		oflags = type;
190 		break;
191 	default:
192 		break;
193 	}
194 
195 	return oflags;
196 }
197 
198 bool fuse_filehandle_validrw(struct vnode *vp, int mode,
199 	struct ucred *cred, pid_t pid);
200 int fuse_filehandle_get(struct vnode *vp, int fflag,
201                         struct fuse_filehandle **fufhp, struct ucred *cred,
202 			pid_t pid);
203 int fuse_filehandle_get_anyflags(struct vnode *vp,
204                         struct fuse_filehandle **fufhp, struct ucred *cred,
205 			pid_t pid);
206 int fuse_filehandle_getrw(struct vnode *vp, int fflag,
207                           struct fuse_filehandle **fufhp, struct ucred *cred,
208 			  pid_t pid);
209 
210 void fuse_filehandle_init(struct vnode *vp, fufh_type_t fufh_type,
211 		          struct fuse_filehandle **fufhp, struct thread *td,
212 			  const struct ucred *cred,
213 			  const struct fuse_open_out *foo);
214 int fuse_filehandle_open(struct vnode *vp, int mode,
215                          struct fuse_filehandle **fufhp, struct thread *td,
216                          struct ucred *cred);
217 int fuse_filehandle_close(struct vnode *vp, struct fuse_filehandle *fufh,
218                           struct thread *td, struct ucred *cred);
219 
220 void fuse_file_init(void);
221 void fuse_file_destroy(void);
222 
223 #endif /* _FUSE_FILE_H_ */
224