xref: /freebsd/sys/dev/random/fenestrasX/fx_brng.c (revision 3078531de10dcae44b253a35125c949ff4235284)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2019 Conrad Meyer <cem@FreeBSD.org>
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
16  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
18  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
19  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
20  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
21  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
22  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
23  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
24  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
25  * SUCH DAMAGE.
26  */
27 
28 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
29 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
30 
31 #include <sys/param.h>
32 #include <sys/fail.h>
33 #include <sys/limits.h>
34 #include <sys/lock.h>
35 #include <sys/kernel.h>
36 #include <sys/malloc.h>
37 #include <sys/mutex.h>
38 #include <sys/random.h>
39 #include <sys/sdt.h>
40 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
41 #include <sys/systm.h>
42 #include <sys/vdso.h>
43 
44 #include <machine/cpu.h>
45 
46 #include <dev/random/randomdev.h>
47 #include <dev/random/random_harvestq.h>
48 #include <dev/random/uint128.h>
49 
50 #include <dev/random/fenestrasX/fx_brng.h>
51 #include <dev/random/fenestrasX/fx_priv.h>
52 #include <dev/random/fenestrasX/fx_pub.h>
53 #include <dev/random/fenestrasX/fx_rng.h>
54 
55 /*
56  * Implementation of a buffered RNG, described in § 1.2-1.4 of the whitepaper.
57  */
58 
59 /*
60  * Initialize a buffered rng instance (either the static root instance, or a
61  * per-cpu instance on the heap.  Both should be zero initialized before this
62  * routine.
63  */
64 void
65 fxrng_brng_init(struct fxrng_buffered_rng *rng)
66 {
67 	fxrng_rng_init(&rng->brng_rng, rng == &fxrng_root);
68 
69 	/* I.e., the buffer is empty. */
70 	rng->brng_avail_idx = sizeof(rng->brng_buffer);
71 
72 	/*
73 	 * It is fine and correct for brng_generation and brng_buffer to be
74 	 * zero values.
75 	 *
76 	 * brng_prf and brng_generation must be initialized later.
77 	 * Initialization is special for the root BRNG.  PCPU child instances
78 	 * use fxrng_brng_produce_seed_data_internal() below.
79 	 */
80 }
81 
82 /*
83  * Directly reseed the root BRNG from a first-time entropy source,
84  * incorporating the existing BRNG state.  The main motivation for doing so "is
85  * to ensure that as soon as an entropy source produces data, PRNG output
86  * depends on the data from that source." (§ 3.1)
87  *
88  * The root BRNG is locked on entry and initial keying (brng_generation > 0)
89  * has already been performed.  The root BRNG is unlocked on return.
90  */
91 void
92 fxrng_brng_src_reseed(const struct harvest_event *event)
93 {
94 	struct fxrng_buffered_rng *rng;
95 
96 	rng = &fxrng_root;
97 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
98 	ASSERT_DEBUG(rng->brng_generation > 0, "root RNG not seeded");
99 
100 	fxrng_rng_src_reseed(&rng->brng_rng, event);
101 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
102 
103 	/*
104 	 * Bump root generation (which is costly) to force downstream BRNGs to
105 	 * reseed and quickly incorporate the new entropy.  The intuition is
106 	 * that this tradeoff is worth it because new sources show up extremely
107 	 * rarely (limiting cost) and if they can contribute any entropy to a
108 	 * weak state, we want to propagate it to all generators ASAP.
109 	 */
110 	rng->brng_generation++;
111 	atomic_store_rel_64(&fxrng_root_generation, rng->brng_generation);
112 	/* Update VDSO version. */
113 	fxrng_push_seed_generation(rng->brng_generation);
114 	FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(rng);
115 }
116 
117 /*
118  * Reseed a brng from some amount of pooled entropy (determined in fx_pool.c by
119  * fxent_timer_reseed_npools).  For initial seeding, we pool entropy in a
120  * single pool and use this API as well (fxrng_alg_seeded).
121  */
122 void
123 fxrng_brng_reseed(const void *entr, size_t sz)
124 {
125 	struct fxrng_buffered_rng *rng;
126 
127 	rng = &fxrng_root;
128 	FXRNG_BRNG_LOCK(rng);
129 
130 	fxrng_rng_reseed(&rng->brng_rng, (rng->brng_generation > 0), entr, sz);
131 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
132 
133 	rng->brng_generation++;
134 	atomic_store_rel_64(&fxrng_root_generation, rng->brng_generation);
135 	/* Update VDSO version. */
136 	fxrng_push_seed_generation(rng->brng_generation);
137 	FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(rng);
138 }
139 
140 /*
141  * Sysentvec and VDSO are initialized much later than SI_SUB_RANDOM.  When
142  * they're online, go ahead and push an initial root seed version.
143  * INIT_SYSENTVEC runs at SI_SUB_EXEC:SI_ORDER_ANY, and SI_ORDER_ANY is the
144  * maximum value, so we must run at SI_SUB_EXEC+1.
145  */
146 static void
147 fxrng_vdso_sysinit(void *dummy __unused)
148 {
149 	FXRNG_BRNG_LOCK(&fxrng_root);
150 	fxrng_push_seed_generation(fxrng_root.brng_generation);
151 	FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(&fxrng_root);
152 }
153 SYSINIT(fxrng_vdso, SI_SUB_EXEC + 1, SI_ORDER_ANY, fxrng_vdso_sysinit, NULL);
154 
155 /*
156  * Grab some bytes off an initialized, current generation RNG.
157  *
158  * (Does not handle reseeding if our generation is stale.)
159  *
160  * Locking protocol is a bit odd.  The RNG is locked on entrance, but the lock
161  * is dropped on exit.  This avoids holding a lock during expensive and slow
162  * RNG generation.
163  */
164 static void
165 fxrng_brng_getbytes_internal(struct fxrng_buffered_rng *rng, void *buf,
166     size_t nbytes)
167 {
168 
169 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
170 
171 	/* Make the zero request impossible for the rest of the logic. */
172 	if (__predict_false(nbytes == 0)) {
173 		FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(rng);
174 		goto out;
175 	}
176 
177 	/* Fast/easy case: Use some bytes from the buffer. */
178 	if (rng->brng_avail_idx + nbytes <= sizeof(rng->brng_buffer)) {
179 		memcpy(buf, &rng->brng_buffer[rng->brng_avail_idx], nbytes);
180 		explicit_bzero(&rng->brng_buffer[rng->brng_avail_idx], nbytes);
181 		rng->brng_avail_idx += nbytes;
182 		FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(rng);
183 		goto out;
184 	}
185 
186 	/* Buffer case: */
187 	if (nbytes < sizeof(rng->brng_buffer)) {
188 		size_t rem;
189 
190 		/* Drain anything left in the buffer first. */
191 		if (rng->brng_avail_idx < sizeof(rng->brng_buffer)) {
192 			rem = sizeof(rng->brng_buffer) - rng->brng_avail_idx;
193 			ASSERT_DEBUG(nbytes > rem, "invariant");
194 
195 			memcpy(buf, &rng->brng_buffer[rng->brng_avail_idx], rem);
196 
197 			buf = (uint8_t*)buf + rem;
198 			nbytes -= rem;
199 			ASSERT_DEBUG(nbytes != 0, "invariant");
200 		}
201 
202 		/*
203 		 * Partial fill from first buffer, have to rekey and generate a
204 		 * new buffer to do the rest.
205 		 */
206 		fxrng_rng_genrandom_internal(&rng->brng_rng, rng->brng_buffer,
207 		    sizeof(rng->brng_buffer), false);
208 		FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
209 		rng->brng_avail_idx = 0;
210 
211 		memcpy(buf, &rng->brng_buffer[rng->brng_avail_idx], nbytes);
212 		explicit_bzero(&rng->brng_buffer[rng->brng_avail_idx], nbytes);
213 		rng->brng_avail_idx += nbytes;
214 		FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(rng);
215 		goto out;
216 	}
217 
218 	/* Large request; skip the buffer. */
219 	fxrng_rng_genrandom_internal(&rng->brng_rng, buf, nbytes, true);
220 
221 out:
222 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT_NOT(rng);
223 	return;
224 }
225 
226 /*
227  * API to get a new key for a downstream RNG.  Returns the new key in 'buf', as
228  * well as the generator's reseed_generation.
229  *
230  * 'rng' is locked on entry and unlocked on return.
231  *
232  * Only valid after confirming the caller's seed version or reseed_generation
233  * matches roots (or we are root).  (For now, this is only used to reseed the
234  * per-CPU generators from root.)
235  */
236 void
237 fxrng_brng_produce_seed_data_internal(struct fxrng_buffered_rng *rng,
238     void *buf, size_t keysz, uint64_t *seed_generation)
239 {
240 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
241 	ASSERT_DEBUG(keysz == FX_CHACHA20_KEYSIZE, "keysz: %zu", keysz);
242 
243 	*seed_generation = rng->brng_generation;
244 	fxrng_brng_getbytes_internal(rng, buf, keysz);
245 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT_NOT(rng);
246 }
247 
248 /*
249  * Read from an allocated and initialized buffered BRNG.  This a high-level
250  * API, but doesn't handle PCPU BRNG allocation.
251  *
252  * BRNG is locked on entry.  It is unlocked on return.
253  */
254 void
255 fxrng_brng_read(struct fxrng_buffered_rng *rng, void *buf, size_t nbytes)
256 {
257 	uint8_t newkey[FX_CHACHA20_KEYSIZE];
258 
259 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
260 
261 	/* Fast path: there hasn't been a global reseed since last read. */
262 	if (rng->brng_generation == atomic_load_acq_64(&fxrng_root_generation))
263 		goto done_reseeding;
264 
265 	ASSERT(rng != &fxrng_root, "root rng inconsistent seed version");
266 
267 	/*
268 	 * Slow path: We need to rekey from the parent BRNG to incorporate new
269 	 * entropy material.
270 	 *
271 	 * Lock order is always root -> percpu.
272 	 */
273 	FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(rng);
274 	FXRNG_BRNG_LOCK(&fxrng_root);
275 	FXRNG_BRNG_LOCK(rng);
276 
277 	/*
278 	 * If we lost the reseeding race when the lock was dropped, don't
279 	 * duplicate work.
280 	 */
281 	if (__predict_false(rng->brng_generation ==
282 	    atomic_load_acq_64(&fxrng_root_generation))) {
283 		FXRNG_BRNG_UNLOCK(&fxrng_root);
284 		goto done_reseeding;
285 	}
286 
287 	fxrng_brng_produce_seed_data_internal(&fxrng_root, newkey,
288 	    sizeof(newkey), &rng->brng_generation);
289 
290 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT_NOT(&fxrng_root);
291 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
292 
293 	fxrng_rng_setkey(&rng->brng_rng, newkey, sizeof(newkey));
294 	explicit_bzero(newkey, sizeof(newkey));
295 
296 	/*
297 	 * A reseed invalidates any previous buffered contents.  Here, we
298 	 * forward the available index to the end of the buffer, i.e., empty.
299 	 * Requests that would use the buffer (< 128 bytes) will refill its
300 	 * contents on demand.
301 	 *
302 	 * It is explicitly ok that we do not zero out any remaining buffer
303 	 * bytes; they will never be handed out to callers, and they reveal
304 	 * nothing about the reseeded key (which came from the root BRNG).
305 	 * (§ 1.3)
306 	 */
307 	rng->brng_avail_idx = sizeof(rng->brng_buffer);
308 
309 done_reseeding:
310 	if (rng != &fxrng_root)
311 		FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT_NOT(&fxrng_root);
312 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT(rng);
313 
314 	fxrng_brng_getbytes_internal(rng, buf, nbytes);
315 	FXRNG_BRNG_ASSERT_NOT(rng);
316 }
317