xref: /freebsd/sys/dev/hwpmc/hwpmc_amd.c (revision eb69d1f144a6fcc765d1b9d44a5ae8082353e70b)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Joseph Koshy
5  * Copyright (c) 2007 The FreeBSD Foundation
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Portions of this software were developed by A. Joseph Koshy under
9  * sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation and Google, Inc.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
34 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
35 
36 /* Support for the AMD K7 and later processors */
37 
38 #include <sys/param.h>
39 #include <sys/lock.h>
40 #include <sys/malloc.h>
41 #include <sys/mutex.h>
42 #include <sys/pmc.h>
43 #include <sys/pmckern.h>
44 #include <sys/smp.h>
45 #include <sys/systm.h>
46 
47 #include <machine/cpu.h>
48 #include <machine/cpufunc.h>
49 #include <machine/md_var.h>
50 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
51 
52 #ifdef	HWPMC_DEBUG
53 enum pmc_class	amd_pmc_class;
54 #endif
55 
56 /* AMD K7 & K8 PMCs */
57 struct amd_descr {
58 	struct pmc_descr pm_descr;  /* "base class" */
59 	uint32_t	pm_evsel;   /* address of EVSEL register */
60 	uint32_t	pm_perfctr; /* address of PERFCTR register */
61 };
62 
63 static  struct amd_descr amd_pmcdesc[AMD_NPMCS] =
64 {
65     {
66 	.pm_descr =
67 	{
68 		.pd_name  = "",
69 		.pd_class = -1,
70 		.pd_caps  = AMD_PMC_CAPS,
71 		.pd_width = 48
72 	},
73 	.pm_evsel   = AMD_PMC_EVSEL_0,
74 	.pm_perfctr = AMD_PMC_PERFCTR_0
75     },
76     {
77 	.pm_descr =
78 	{
79 		.pd_name  = "",
80 		.pd_class = -1,
81 		.pd_caps  = AMD_PMC_CAPS,
82 		.pd_width = 48
83 	},
84 	.pm_evsel   = AMD_PMC_EVSEL_1,
85 	.pm_perfctr = AMD_PMC_PERFCTR_1
86     },
87     {
88 	.pm_descr =
89 	{
90 		.pd_name  = "",
91 		.pd_class = -1,
92 		.pd_caps  = AMD_PMC_CAPS,
93 		.pd_width = 48
94 	},
95 	.pm_evsel   = AMD_PMC_EVSEL_2,
96 	.pm_perfctr = AMD_PMC_PERFCTR_2
97     },
98     {
99 	.pm_descr =
100 	{
101 		.pd_name  = "",
102 		.pd_class = -1,
103 		.pd_caps  = AMD_PMC_CAPS,
104 		.pd_width = 48
105 	},
106 	.pm_evsel   = AMD_PMC_EVSEL_3,
107 	.pm_perfctr = AMD_PMC_PERFCTR_3
108     }
109 };
110 
111 struct amd_event_code_map {
112 	enum pmc_event	pe_ev;	 /* enum value */
113 	uint16_t	pe_code; /* encoded event mask */
114 	uint8_t		pe_mask; /* bits allowed in unit mask */
115 };
116 
117 const struct amd_event_code_map amd_event_codes[] = {
118 #if	defined(__i386__)	/* 32 bit Athlon (K7) only */
119 	{ PMC_EV_K7_DC_ACCESSES, 		0x40, 0 },
120 	{ PMC_EV_K7_DC_MISSES,			0x41, 0 },
121 	{ PMC_EV_K7_DC_REFILLS_FROM_L2,		0x42, AMD_PMC_UNITMASK_MOESI },
122 	{ PMC_EV_K7_DC_REFILLS_FROM_SYSTEM,	0x43, AMD_PMC_UNITMASK_MOESI },
123 	{ PMC_EV_K7_DC_WRITEBACKS,		0x44, AMD_PMC_UNITMASK_MOESI },
124 	{ PMC_EV_K7_L1_DTLB_MISS_AND_L2_DTLB_HITS, 0x45, 0 },
125 	{ PMC_EV_K7_L1_AND_L2_DTLB_MISSES,	0x46, 0 },
126 	{ PMC_EV_K7_MISALIGNED_REFERENCES,	0x47, 0 },
127 
128 	{ PMC_EV_K7_IC_FETCHES,			0x80, 0 },
129 	{ PMC_EV_K7_IC_MISSES,			0x81, 0 },
130 
131 	{ PMC_EV_K7_L1_ITLB_MISSES,		0x84, 0 },
132 	{ PMC_EV_K7_L1_L2_ITLB_MISSES,		0x85, 0 },
133 
134 	{ PMC_EV_K7_RETIRED_INSTRUCTIONS,	0xC0, 0 },
135 	{ PMC_EV_K7_RETIRED_OPS,		0xC1, 0 },
136 	{ PMC_EV_K7_RETIRED_BRANCHES,		0xC2, 0 },
137 	{ PMC_EV_K7_RETIRED_BRANCHES_MISPREDICTED, 0xC3, 0 },
138 	{ PMC_EV_K7_RETIRED_TAKEN_BRANCHES, 	0xC4, 0 },
139 	{ PMC_EV_K7_RETIRED_TAKEN_BRANCHES_MISPREDICTED, 0xC5, 0 },
140 	{ PMC_EV_K7_RETIRED_FAR_CONTROL_TRANSFERS, 0xC6, 0 },
141 	{ PMC_EV_K7_RETIRED_RESYNC_BRANCHES,	0xC7, 0 },
142 	{ PMC_EV_K7_INTERRUPTS_MASKED_CYCLES,	0xCD, 0 },
143 	{ PMC_EV_K7_INTERRUPTS_MASKED_WHILE_PENDING_CYCLES, 0xCE, 0 },
144 	{ PMC_EV_K7_HARDWARE_INTERRUPTS,	0xCF, 0 },
145 #endif
146 
147 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FP_DISPATCHED_FPU_OPS,		0x00, 0x3F },
148 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FP_CYCLES_WITH_NO_FPU_OPS_RETIRED,	0x01, 0x00 },
149 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FP_DISPATCHED_FPU_FAST_FLAG_OPS,	0x02, 0x00 },
150 
151 	{ PMC_EV_K8_LS_SEGMENT_REGISTER_LOAD, 		0x20, 0x7F },
152 	{ PMC_EV_K8_LS_MICROARCHITECTURAL_RESYNC_BY_SELF_MODIFYING_CODE,
153 	  						0x21, 0x00 },
154 	{ PMC_EV_K8_LS_MICROARCHITECTURAL_RESYNC_BY_SNOOP, 0x22, 0x00 },
155 	{ PMC_EV_K8_LS_BUFFER2_FULL,			0x23, 0x00 },
156 	{ PMC_EV_K8_LS_LOCKED_OPERATION,		0x24, 0x07 },
157 	{ PMC_EV_K8_LS_MICROARCHITECTURAL_LATE_CANCEL,	0x25, 0x00 },
158 	{ PMC_EV_K8_LS_RETIRED_CFLUSH_INSTRUCTIONS,	0x26, 0x00 },
159 	{ PMC_EV_K8_LS_RETIRED_CPUID_INSTRUCTIONS,	0x27, 0x00 },
160 
161 	{ PMC_EV_K8_DC_ACCESS,				0x40, 0x00 },
162 	{ PMC_EV_K8_DC_MISS,				0x41, 0x00 },
163 	{ PMC_EV_K8_DC_REFILL_FROM_L2,			0x42, 0x1F },
164 	{ PMC_EV_K8_DC_REFILL_FROM_SYSTEM,		0x43, 0x1F },
165 	{ PMC_EV_K8_DC_COPYBACK,			0x44, 0x1F },
166 	{ PMC_EV_K8_DC_L1_DTLB_MISS_AND_L2_DTLB_HIT,	0x45, 0x00 },
167 	{ PMC_EV_K8_DC_L1_DTLB_MISS_AND_L2_DTLB_MISS,	0x46, 0x00 },
168 	{ PMC_EV_K8_DC_MISALIGNED_DATA_REFERENCE,	0x47, 0x00 },
169 	{ PMC_EV_K8_DC_MICROARCHITECTURAL_LATE_CANCEL,	0x48, 0x00 },
170 	{ PMC_EV_K8_DC_MICROARCHITECTURAL_EARLY_CANCEL, 0x49, 0x00 },
171 	{ PMC_EV_K8_DC_ONE_BIT_ECC_ERROR,		0x4A, 0x03 },
172 	{ PMC_EV_K8_DC_DISPATCHED_PREFETCH_INSTRUCTIONS, 0x4B, 0x07 },
173 	{ PMC_EV_K8_DC_DCACHE_ACCESSES_BY_LOCKS,	0x4C, 0x03 },
174 
175 	{ PMC_EV_K8_BU_CPU_CLK_UNHALTED,		0x76, 0x00 },
176 	{ PMC_EV_K8_BU_INTERNAL_L2_REQUEST,		0x7D, 0x1F },
177 	{ PMC_EV_K8_BU_FILL_REQUEST_L2_MISS,		0x7E, 0x07 },
178 	{ PMC_EV_K8_BU_FILL_INTO_L2,			0x7F, 0x03 },
179 
180 	{ PMC_EV_K8_IC_FETCH,				0x80, 0x00 },
181 	{ PMC_EV_K8_IC_MISS,				0x81, 0x00 },
182 	{ PMC_EV_K8_IC_REFILL_FROM_L2,			0x82, 0x00 },
183 	{ PMC_EV_K8_IC_REFILL_FROM_SYSTEM,		0x83, 0x00 },
184 	{ PMC_EV_K8_IC_L1_ITLB_MISS_AND_L2_ITLB_HIT,	0x84, 0x00 },
185 	{ PMC_EV_K8_IC_L1_ITLB_MISS_AND_L2_ITLB_MISS,	0x85, 0x00 },
186 	{ PMC_EV_K8_IC_MICROARCHITECTURAL_RESYNC_BY_SNOOP, 0x86, 0x00 },
187 	{ PMC_EV_K8_IC_INSTRUCTION_FETCH_STALL,		0x87, 0x00 },
188 	{ PMC_EV_K8_IC_RETURN_STACK_HIT,		0x88, 0x00 },
189 	{ PMC_EV_K8_IC_RETURN_STACK_OVERFLOW,		0x89, 0x00 },
190 
191 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_RETIRED_X86_INSTRUCTIONS,	0xC0, 0x00 },
192 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_RETIRED_UOPS,			0xC1, 0x00 },
193 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_RETIRED_BRANCHES,		0xC2, 0x00 },
194 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_RETIRED_BRANCHES_MISPREDICTED,	0xC3, 0x00 },
195 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_RETIRED_TAKEN_BRANCHES,		0xC4, 0x00 },
196 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_RETIRED_TAKEN_BRANCHES_MISPREDICTED, 0xC5, 0x00 },
197 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_RETIRED_FAR_CONTROL_TRANSFERS,	0xC6, 0x00 },
198 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_RETIRED_RESYNCS,			0xC7, 0x00 },
199 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_RETIRED_NEAR_RETURNS,		0xC8, 0x00 },
200 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_RETIRED_NEAR_RETURNS_MISPREDICTED, 0xC9, 0x00 },
201 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_RETIRED_TAKEN_BRANCHES_MISPREDICTED_BY_ADDR_MISCOMPARE,
202 							0xCA, 0x00 },
203 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_RETIRED_FPU_INSTRUCTIONS,	0xCB, 0x0F },
204 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_RETIRED_FASTPATH_DOUBLE_OP_INSTRUCTIONS,
205 							0xCC, 0x07 },
206 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_INTERRUPTS_MASKED_CYCLES,	0xCD, 0x00 },
207 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_INTERRUPTS_MASKED_WHILE_PENDING_CYCLES, 0xCE, 0x00 },
208 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_TAKEN_HARDWARE_INTERRUPTS,	0xCF, 0x00 },
209 
210 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_DECODER_EMPTY,			0xD0, 0x00 },
211 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_DISPATCH_STALLS,			0xD1, 0x00 },
212 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_DISPATCH_STALL_FROM_BRANCH_ABORT_TO_RETIRE,
213 							0xD2, 0x00 },
214 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_DISPATCH_STALL_FOR_SERIALIZATION, 0xD3, 0x00 },
215 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_DISPATCH_STALL_FOR_SEGMENT_LOAD,	0xD4, 0x00 },
216 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_DISPATCH_STALL_WHEN_REORDER_BUFFER_IS_FULL,
217 							0xD5, 0x00 },
218 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_DISPATCH_STALL_WHEN_RESERVATION_STATIONS_ARE_FULL,
219 							0xD6, 0x00 },
220 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_DISPATCH_STALL_WHEN_FPU_IS_FULL,	0xD7, 0x00 },
221 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_DISPATCH_STALL_WHEN_LS_IS_FULL,	0xD8, 0x00 },
222 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_DISPATCH_STALL_WHEN_WAITING_FOR_ALL_TO_BE_QUIET,
223 							0xD9, 0x00 },
224 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_DISPATCH_STALL_WHEN_FAR_XFER_OR_RESYNC_BRANCH_PENDING,
225 							0xDA, 0x00 },
226 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_FPU_EXCEPTIONS,			0xDB, 0x0F },
227 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_NUMBER_OF_BREAKPOINTS_FOR_DR0,	0xDC, 0x00 },
228 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_NUMBER_OF_BREAKPOINTS_FOR_DR1,	0xDD, 0x00 },
229 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_NUMBER_OF_BREAKPOINTS_FOR_DR2,	0xDE, 0x00 },
230 	{ PMC_EV_K8_FR_NUMBER_OF_BREAKPOINTS_FOR_DR3,	0xDF, 0x00 },
231 
232 	{ PMC_EV_K8_NB_MEMORY_CONTROLLER_PAGE_ACCESS_EVENT, 0xE0, 0x7 },
233 	{ PMC_EV_K8_NB_MEMORY_CONTROLLER_PAGE_TABLE_OVERFLOW, 0xE1, 0x00 },
234 	{ PMC_EV_K8_NB_MEMORY_CONTROLLER_DRAM_COMMAND_SLOTS_MISSED,
235 							0xE2, 0x00 },
236 	{ PMC_EV_K8_NB_MEMORY_CONTROLLER_TURNAROUND,	0xE3, 0x07 },
237 	{ PMC_EV_K8_NB_MEMORY_CONTROLLER_BYPASS_SATURATION, 0xE4, 0x0F },
238 	{ PMC_EV_K8_NB_SIZED_COMMANDS,			0xEB, 0x7F },
239 	{ PMC_EV_K8_NB_PROBE_RESULT,			0xEC, 0x0F },
240 	{ PMC_EV_K8_NB_HT_BUS0_BANDWIDTH,		0xF6, 0x0F },
241 	{ PMC_EV_K8_NB_HT_BUS1_BANDWIDTH,		0xF7, 0x0F },
242 	{ PMC_EV_K8_NB_HT_BUS2_BANDWIDTH,		0xF8, 0x0F }
243 
244 };
245 
246 const int amd_event_codes_size = nitems(amd_event_codes);
247 
248 /*
249  * Per-processor information
250  */
251 
252 struct amd_cpu {
253 	struct pmc_hw	pc_amdpmcs[AMD_NPMCS];
254 };
255 
256 static struct amd_cpu **amd_pcpu;
257 
258 /*
259  * read a pmc register
260  */
261 
262 static int
263 amd_read_pmc(int cpu, int ri, pmc_value_t *v)
264 {
265 	enum pmc_mode mode;
266 	const struct amd_descr *pd;
267 	struct pmc *pm;
268 	pmc_value_t tmp;
269 
270 	KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu < pmc_cpu_max(),
271 	    ("[amd,%d] illegal CPU value %d", __LINE__, cpu));
272 	KASSERT(ri >= 0 && ri < AMD_NPMCS,
273 	    ("[amd,%d] illegal row-index %d", __LINE__, ri));
274 	KASSERT(amd_pcpu[cpu],
275 	    ("[amd,%d] null per-cpu, cpu %d", __LINE__, cpu));
276 
277 	pm = amd_pcpu[cpu]->pc_amdpmcs[ri].phw_pmc;
278 	pd = &amd_pmcdesc[ri];
279 
280 	KASSERT(pm != NULL,
281 	    ("[amd,%d] No owner for HWPMC [cpu%d,pmc%d]", __LINE__,
282 		cpu, ri));
283 
284 	mode = PMC_TO_MODE(pm);
285 
286 	PMCDBG2(MDP,REA,1,"amd-read id=%d class=%d", ri, pd->pm_descr.pd_class);
287 
288 #ifdef	HWPMC_DEBUG
289 	KASSERT(pd->pm_descr.pd_class == amd_pmc_class,
290 	    ("[amd,%d] unknown PMC class (%d)", __LINE__,
291 		pd->pm_descr.pd_class));
292 #endif
293 
294 	tmp = rdmsr(pd->pm_perfctr); /* RDMSR serializes */
295 	PMCDBG2(MDP,REA,2,"amd-read (pre-munge) id=%d -> %jd", ri, tmp);
296 	if (PMC_IS_SAMPLING_MODE(mode)) {
297 		/* Sign extend 48 bit value to 64 bits. */
298 		tmp = (pmc_value_t) (((int64_t) tmp << 16) >> 16);
299 		tmp = AMD_PERFCTR_VALUE_TO_RELOAD_COUNT(tmp);
300 	}
301 	*v = tmp;
302 
303 	PMCDBG2(MDP,REA,2,"amd-read (post-munge) id=%d -> %jd", ri, *v);
304 
305 	return 0;
306 }
307 
308 /*
309  * Write a PMC MSR.
310  */
311 
312 static int
313 amd_write_pmc(int cpu, int ri, pmc_value_t v)
314 {
315 	const struct amd_descr *pd;
316 	enum pmc_mode mode;
317 	struct pmc *pm;
318 
319 	KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu < pmc_cpu_max(),
320 	    ("[amd,%d] illegal CPU value %d", __LINE__, cpu));
321 	KASSERT(ri >= 0 && ri < AMD_NPMCS,
322 	    ("[amd,%d] illegal row-index %d", __LINE__, ri));
323 
324 	pm = amd_pcpu[cpu]->pc_amdpmcs[ri].phw_pmc;
325 	pd = &amd_pmcdesc[ri];
326 
327 	KASSERT(pm != NULL,
328 	    ("[amd,%d] PMC not owned (cpu%d,pmc%d)", __LINE__,
329 		cpu, ri));
330 
331 	mode = PMC_TO_MODE(pm);
332 
333 #ifdef	HWPMC_DEBUG
334 	KASSERT(pd->pm_descr.pd_class == amd_pmc_class,
335 	    ("[amd,%d] unknown PMC class (%d)", __LINE__,
336 		pd->pm_descr.pd_class));
337 #endif
338 
339 	/* use 2's complement of the count for sampling mode PMCs */
340 	if (PMC_IS_SAMPLING_MODE(mode))
341 		v = AMD_RELOAD_COUNT_TO_PERFCTR_VALUE(v);
342 
343 	PMCDBG3(MDP,WRI,1,"amd-write cpu=%d ri=%d v=%jx", cpu, ri, v);
344 
345 	/* write the PMC value */
346 	wrmsr(pd->pm_perfctr, v);
347 	return 0;
348 }
349 
350 /*
351  * configure hardware pmc according to the configuration recorded in
352  * pmc 'pm'.
353  */
354 
355 static int
356 amd_config_pmc(int cpu, int ri, struct pmc *pm)
357 {
358 	struct pmc_hw *phw;
359 
360 	PMCDBG3(MDP,CFG,1, "cpu=%d ri=%d pm=%p", cpu, ri, pm);
361 
362 	KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu < pmc_cpu_max(),
363 	    ("[amd,%d] illegal CPU value %d", __LINE__, cpu));
364 	KASSERT(ri >= 0 && ri < AMD_NPMCS,
365 	    ("[amd,%d] illegal row-index %d", __LINE__, ri));
366 
367 	phw = &amd_pcpu[cpu]->pc_amdpmcs[ri];
368 
369 	KASSERT(pm == NULL || phw->phw_pmc == NULL,
370 	    ("[amd,%d] pm=%p phw->pm=%p hwpmc not unconfigured",
371 		__LINE__, pm, phw->phw_pmc));
372 
373 	phw->phw_pmc = pm;
374 	return 0;
375 }
376 
377 /*
378  * Retrieve a configured PMC pointer from hardware state.
379  */
380 
381 static int
382 amd_get_config(int cpu, int ri, struct pmc **ppm)
383 {
384 	*ppm = amd_pcpu[cpu]->pc_amdpmcs[ri].phw_pmc;
385 
386 	return 0;
387 }
388 
389 /*
390  * Machine dependent actions taken during the context switch in of a
391  * thread.
392  */
393 
394 static int
395 amd_switch_in(struct pmc_cpu *pc, struct pmc_process *pp)
396 {
397 	(void) pc;
398 
399 	PMCDBG3(MDP,SWI,1, "pc=%p pp=%p enable-msr=%d", pc, pp,
400 	    (pp->pp_flags & PMC_PP_ENABLE_MSR_ACCESS) != 0);
401 
402 	/* enable the RDPMC instruction if needed */
403 	if (pp->pp_flags & PMC_PP_ENABLE_MSR_ACCESS)
404 		load_cr4(rcr4() | CR4_PCE);
405 
406 	return 0;
407 }
408 
409 /*
410  * Machine dependent actions taken during the context switch out of a
411  * thread.
412  */
413 
414 static int
415 amd_switch_out(struct pmc_cpu *pc, struct pmc_process *pp)
416 {
417 	(void) pc;
418 	(void) pp;		/* can be NULL */
419 
420 	PMCDBG3(MDP,SWO,1, "pc=%p pp=%p enable-msr=%d", pc, pp, pp ?
421 	    (pp->pp_flags & PMC_PP_ENABLE_MSR_ACCESS) == 1 : 0);
422 
423 	/* always turn off the RDPMC instruction */
424 	load_cr4(rcr4() & ~CR4_PCE);
425 
426 	return 0;
427 }
428 
429 /*
430  * Check if a given allocation is feasible.
431  */
432 
433 static int
434 amd_allocate_pmc(int cpu, int ri, struct pmc *pm,
435     const struct pmc_op_pmcallocate *a)
436 {
437 	int i;
438 	uint32_t allowed_unitmask, caps, config, unitmask;
439 	enum pmc_event pe;
440 	const struct pmc_descr *pd;
441 
442 	(void) cpu;
443 
444 	KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu < pmc_cpu_max(),
445 	    ("[amd,%d] illegal CPU value %d", __LINE__, cpu));
446 	KASSERT(ri >= 0 && ri < AMD_NPMCS,
447 	    ("[amd,%d] illegal row index %d", __LINE__, ri));
448 
449 	pd = &amd_pmcdesc[ri].pm_descr;
450 
451 	/* check class match */
452 	if (pd->pd_class != a->pm_class)
453 		return EINVAL;
454 
455 	caps = pm->pm_caps;
456 
457 	PMCDBG2(MDP,ALL,1,"amd-allocate ri=%d caps=0x%x", ri, caps);
458 
459 	if ((pd->pd_caps & caps) != caps)
460 		return EPERM;
461 
462 	pe = a->pm_ev;
463 
464 	/* map ev to the correct event mask code */
465 	config = allowed_unitmask = 0;
466 	for (i = 0; i < amd_event_codes_size; i++)
467 		if (amd_event_codes[i].pe_ev == pe) {
468 			config =
469 			    AMD_PMC_TO_EVENTMASK(amd_event_codes[i].pe_code);
470 			allowed_unitmask =
471 			    AMD_PMC_TO_UNITMASK(amd_event_codes[i].pe_mask);
472 			break;
473 		}
474 	if (i == amd_event_codes_size)
475 		return EINVAL;
476 
477 	unitmask = a->pm_md.pm_amd.pm_amd_config & AMD_PMC_UNITMASK;
478 	if (unitmask & ~allowed_unitmask) /* disallow reserved bits */
479 		return EINVAL;
480 
481 	if (unitmask && (caps & PMC_CAP_QUALIFIER))
482 		config |= unitmask;
483 
484 	if (caps & PMC_CAP_THRESHOLD)
485 		config |= a->pm_md.pm_amd.pm_amd_config & AMD_PMC_COUNTERMASK;
486 
487 	/* set at least one of the 'usr' or 'os' caps */
488 	if (caps & PMC_CAP_USER)
489 		config |= AMD_PMC_USR;
490 	if (caps & PMC_CAP_SYSTEM)
491 		config |= AMD_PMC_OS;
492 	if ((caps & (PMC_CAP_USER|PMC_CAP_SYSTEM)) == 0)
493 		config |= (AMD_PMC_USR|AMD_PMC_OS);
494 
495 	if (caps & PMC_CAP_EDGE)
496 		config |= AMD_PMC_EDGE;
497 	if (caps & PMC_CAP_INVERT)
498 		config |= AMD_PMC_INVERT;
499 	if (caps & PMC_CAP_INTERRUPT)
500 		config |= AMD_PMC_INT;
501 
502 	pm->pm_md.pm_amd.pm_amd_evsel = config; /* save config value */
503 
504 	PMCDBG2(MDP,ALL,2,"amd-allocate ri=%d -> config=0x%x", ri, config);
505 
506 	return 0;
507 }
508 
509 /*
510  * Release machine dependent state associated with a PMC.  This is a
511  * no-op on this architecture.
512  *
513  */
514 
515 /* ARGSUSED0 */
516 static int
517 amd_release_pmc(int cpu, int ri, struct pmc *pmc)
518 {
519 #ifdef	HWPMC_DEBUG
520 	const struct amd_descr *pd;
521 #endif
522 	struct pmc_hw *phw;
523 
524 	(void) pmc;
525 
526 	KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu < pmc_cpu_max(),
527 	    ("[amd,%d] illegal CPU value %d", __LINE__, cpu));
528 	KASSERT(ri >= 0 && ri < AMD_NPMCS,
529 	    ("[amd,%d] illegal row-index %d", __LINE__, ri));
530 
531 	phw = &amd_pcpu[cpu]->pc_amdpmcs[ri];
532 
533 	KASSERT(phw->phw_pmc == NULL,
534 	    ("[amd,%d] PHW pmc %p non-NULL", __LINE__, phw->phw_pmc));
535 
536 #ifdef	HWPMC_DEBUG
537 	pd = &amd_pmcdesc[ri];
538 	if (pd->pm_descr.pd_class == amd_pmc_class)
539 		KASSERT(AMD_PMC_IS_STOPPED(pd->pm_evsel),
540 		    ("[amd,%d] PMC %d released while active", __LINE__, ri));
541 #endif
542 
543 	return 0;
544 }
545 
546 /*
547  * start a PMC.
548  */
549 
550 static int
551 amd_start_pmc(int cpu, int ri)
552 {
553 	uint32_t config;
554 	struct pmc *pm;
555 	struct pmc_hw *phw;
556 	const struct amd_descr *pd;
557 
558 	KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu < pmc_cpu_max(),
559 	    ("[amd,%d] illegal CPU value %d", __LINE__, cpu));
560 	KASSERT(ri >= 0 && ri < AMD_NPMCS,
561 	    ("[amd,%d] illegal row-index %d", __LINE__, ri));
562 
563 	phw = &amd_pcpu[cpu]->pc_amdpmcs[ri];
564 	pm  = phw->phw_pmc;
565 	pd = &amd_pmcdesc[ri];
566 
567 	KASSERT(pm != NULL,
568 	    ("[amd,%d] starting cpu%d,pmc%d with null pmc record", __LINE__,
569 		cpu, ri));
570 
571 	PMCDBG2(MDP,STA,1,"amd-start cpu=%d ri=%d", cpu, ri);
572 
573 	KASSERT(AMD_PMC_IS_STOPPED(pd->pm_evsel),
574 	    ("[amd,%d] pmc%d,cpu%d: Starting active PMC \"%s\"", __LINE__,
575 	    ri, cpu, pd->pm_descr.pd_name));
576 
577 	/* turn on the PMC ENABLE bit */
578 	config = pm->pm_md.pm_amd.pm_amd_evsel | AMD_PMC_ENABLE;
579 
580 	PMCDBG1(MDP,STA,2,"amd-start config=0x%x", config);
581 
582 	wrmsr(pd->pm_evsel, config);
583 	return 0;
584 }
585 
586 /*
587  * Stop a PMC.
588  */
589 
590 static int
591 amd_stop_pmc(int cpu, int ri)
592 {
593 	struct pmc *pm;
594 	struct pmc_hw *phw;
595 	const struct amd_descr *pd;
596 	uint64_t config;
597 
598 	KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu < pmc_cpu_max(),
599 	    ("[amd,%d] illegal CPU value %d", __LINE__, cpu));
600 	KASSERT(ri >= 0 && ri < AMD_NPMCS,
601 	    ("[amd,%d] illegal row-index %d", __LINE__, ri));
602 
603 	phw = &amd_pcpu[cpu]->pc_amdpmcs[ri];
604 	pm  = phw->phw_pmc;
605 	pd  = &amd_pmcdesc[ri];
606 
607 	KASSERT(pm != NULL,
608 	    ("[amd,%d] cpu%d,pmc%d no PMC to stop", __LINE__,
609 		cpu, ri));
610 	KASSERT(!AMD_PMC_IS_STOPPED(pd->pm_evsel),
611 	    ("[amd,%d] PMC%d, CPU%d \"%s\" already stopped",
612 		__LINE__, ri, cpu, pd->pm_descr.pd_name));
613 
614 	PMCDBG1(MDP,STO,1,"amd-stop ri=%d", ri);
615 
616 	/* turn off the PMC ENABLE bit */
617 	config = pm->pm_md.pm_amd.pm_amd_evsel & ~AMD_PMC_ENABLE;
618 	wrmsr(pd->pm_evsel, config);
619 	return 0;
620 }
621 
622 /*
623  * Interrupt handler.  This function needs to return '1' if the
624  * interrupt was this CPU's PMCs or '0' otherwise.  It is not allowed
625  * to sleep or do anything a 'fast' interrupt handler is not allowed
626  * to do.
627  */
628 
629 static int
630 amd_intr(int cpu, struct trapframe *tf)
631 {
632 	int i, error, retval;
633 	uint32_t config, evsel, perfctr;
634 	struct pmc *pm;
635 	struct amd_cpu *pac;
636 	pmc_value_t v;
637 
638 	KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu < pmc_cpu_max(),
639 	    ("[amd,%d] out of range CPU %d", __LINE__, cpu));
640 
641 	PMCDBG3(MDP,INT,1, "cpu=%d tf=%p um=%d", cpu, (void *) tf,
642 	    TRAPF_USERMODE(tf));
643 
644 	retval = 0;
645 
646 	pac = amd_pcpu[cpu];
647 
648 	/*
649 	 * look for all PMCs that have interrupted:
650 	 * - look for a running, sampling PMC which has overflowed
651 	 *   and which has a valid 'struct pmc' association
652 	 *
653 	 * If found, we call a helper to process the interrupt.
654 	 *
655 	 * If multiple PMCs interrupt at the same time, the AMD64
656 	 * processor appears to deliver as many NMIs as there are
657 	 * outstanding PMC interrupts.  So we process only one NMI
658 	 * interrupt at a time.
659 	 */
660 
661 	for (i = 0; retval == 0 && i < AMD_NPMCS; i++) {
662 
663 		if ((pm = pac->pc_amdpmcs[i].phw_pmc) == NULL ||
664 		    !PMC_IS_SAMPLING_MODE(PMC_TO_MODE(pm))) {
665 			continue;
666 		}
667 
668 		if (!AMD_PMC_HAS_OVERFLOWED(i))
669 			continue;
670 
671 		retval = 1;	/* Found an interrupting PMC. */
672 
673 		if (pm->pm_state != PMC_STATE_RUNNING)
674 			continue;
675 
676 		/* Stop the PMC, reload count. */
677 		evsel   = AMD_PMC_EVSEL_0 + i;
678 		perfctr = AMD_PMC_PERFCTR_0 + i;
679 		v       = pm->pm_sc.pm_reloadcount;
680 		config  = rdmsr(evsel);
681 
682 		KASSERT((config & ~AMD_PMC_ENABLE) ==
683 		    (pm->pm_md.pm_amd.pm_amd_evsel & ~AMD_PMC_ENABLE),
684 		    ("[amd,%d] config mismatch reg=0x%x pm=0x%x", __LINE__,
685 			config, pm->pm_md.pm_amd.pm_amd_evsel));
686 
687 		wrmsr(evsel, config & ~AMD_PMC_ENABLE);
688 		wrmsr(perfctr, AMD_RELOAD_COUNT_TO_PERFCTR_VALUE(v));
689 
690 		/* Restart the counter if logging succeeded. */
691 		error = pmc_process_interrupt(cpu, PMC_HR, pm, tf,
692 		    TRAPF_USERMODE(tf));
693 		if (error == 0)
694 			wrmsr(evsel, config);
695 	}
696 
697 	atomic_add_int(retval ? &pmc_stats.pm_intr_processed :
698 	    &pmc_stats.pm_intr_ignored, 1);
699 
700 	PMCDBG1(MDP,INT,2, "retval=%d", retval);
701 	return (retval);
702 }
703 
704 /*
705  * describe a PMC
706  */
707 static int
708 amd_describe(int cpu, int ri, struct pmc_info *pi, struct pmc **ppmc)
709 {
710 	int error;
711 	size_t copied;
712 	const struct amd_descr *pd;
713 	struct pmc_hw *phw;
714 
715 	KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu < pmc_cpu_max(),
716 	    ("[amd,%d] illegal CPU %d", __LINE__, cpu));
717 	KASSERT(ri >= 0 && ri < AMD_NPMCS,
718 	    ("[amd,%d] row-index %d out of range", __LINE__, ri));
719 
720 	phw = &amd_pcpu[cpu]->pc_amdpmcs[ri];
721 	pd  = &amd_pmcdesc[ri];
722 
723 	if ((error = copystr(pd->pm_descr.pd_name, pi->pm_name,
724 		 PMC_NAME_MAX, &copied)) != 0)
725 		return error;
726 
727 	pi->pm_class = pd->pm_descr.pd_class;
728 
729 	if (phw->phw_state & PMC_PHW_FLAG_IS_ENABLED) {
730 		pi->pm_enabled = TRUE;
731 		*ppmc          = phw->phw_pmc;
732 	} else {
733 		pi->pm_enabled = FALSE;
734 		*ppmc          = NULL;
735 	}
736 
737 	return 0;
738 }
739 
740 /*
741  * i386 specific entry points
742  */
743 
744 /*
745  * return the MSR address of the given PMC.
746  */
747 
748 static int
749 amd_get_msr(int ri, uint32_t *msr)
750 {
751 	KASSERT(ri >= 0 && ri < AMD_NPMCS,
752 	    ("[amd,%d] ri %d out of range", __LINE__, ri));
753 
754 	*msr = amd_pmcdesc[ri].pm_perfctr - AMD_PMC_PERFCTR_0;
755 
756 	return (0);
757 }
758 
759 /*
760  * processor dependent initialization.
761  */
762 
763 static int
764 amd_pcpu_init(struct pmc_mdep *md, int cpu)
765 {
766 	int classindex, first_ri, n;
767 	struct pmc_cpu *pc;
768 	struct amd_cpu *pac;
769 	struct pmc_hw  *phw;
770 
771 	KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu < pmc_cpu_max(),
772 	    ("[amd,%d] insane cpu number %d", __LINE__, cpu));
773 
774 	PMCDBG1(MDP,INI,1,"amd-init cpu=%d", cpu);
775 
776 	amd_pcpu[cpu] = pac = malloc(sizeof(struct amd_cpu), M_PMC,
777 	    M_WAITOK|M_ZERO);
778 
779 	/*
780 	 * Set the content of the hardware descriptors to a known
781 	 * state and initialize pointers in the MI per-cpu descriptor.
782 	 */
783 	pc = pmc_pcpu[cpu];
784 #if	defined(__amd64__)
785 	classindex = PMC_MDEP_CLASS_INDEX_K8;
786 #elif	defined(__i386__)
787 	classindex = md->pmd_cputype == PMC_CPU_AMD_K8 ?
788 	    PMC_MDEP_CLASS_INDEX_K8 : PMC_MDEP_CLASS_INDEX_K7;
789 #endif
790 	first_ri = md->pmd_classdep[classindex].pcd_ri;
791 
792 	KASSERT(pc != NULL, ("[amd,%d] NULL per-cpu pointer", __LINE__));
793 
794 	for (n = 0, phw = pac->pc_amdpmcs; n < AMD_NPMCS; n++, phw++) {
795 		phw->phw_state 	  = PMC_PHW_FLAG_IS_ENABLED |
796 		    PMC_PHW_CPU_TO_STATE(cpu) | PMC_PHW_INDEX_TO_STATE(n);
797 		phw->phw_pmc	  = NULL;
798 		pc->pc_hwpmcs[n + first_ri]  = phw;
799 	}
800 
801 	return (0);
802 }
803 
804 
805 /*
806  * processor dependent cleanup prior to the KLD
807  * being unloaded
808  */
809 
810 static int
811 amd_pcpu_fini(struct pmc_mdep *md, int cpu)
812 {
813 	int classindex, first_ri, i;
814 	uint32_t evsel;
815 	struct pmc_cpu *pc;
816 	struct amd_cpu *pac;
817 
818 	KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu < pmc_cpu_max(),
819 	    ("[amd,%d] insane cpu number (%d)", __LINE__, cpu));
820 
821 	PMCDBG1(MDP,INI,1,"amd-cleanup cpu=%d", cpu);
822 
823 	/*
824 	 * First, turn off all PMCs on this CPU.
825 	 */
826 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) { /* XXX this loop is now not needed */
827 		evsel = rdmsr(AMD_PMC_EVSEL_0 + i);
828 		evsel &= ~AMD_PMC_ENABLE;
829 		wrmsr(AMD_PMC_EVSEL_0 + i, evsel);
830 	}
831 
832 	/*
833 	 * Next, free up allocated space.
834 	 */
835 	if ((pac = amd_pcpu[cpu]) == NULL)
836 		return (0);
837 
838 	amd_pcpu[cpu] = NULL;
839 
840 #ifdef	HWPMC_DEBUG
841 	for (i = 0; i < AMD_NPMCS; i++) {
842 		KASSERT(pac->pc_amdpmcs[i].phw_pmc == NULL,
843 		    ("[amd,%d] CPU%d/PMC%d in use", __LINE__, cpu, i));
844 		KASSERT(AMD_PMC_IS_STOPPED(AMD_PMC_EVSEL_0 + i),
845 		    ("[amd,%d] CPU%d/PMC%d not stopped", __LINE__, cpu, i));
846 	}
847 #endif
848 
849 	pc = pmc_pcpu[cpu];
850 	KASSERT(pc != NULL, ("[amd,%d] NULL per-cpu state", __LINE__));
851 
852 #if	defined(__amd64__)
853 	classindex = PMC_MDEP_CLASS_INDEX_K8;
854 #elif	defined(__i386__)
855 	classindex = md->pmd_cputype == PMC_CPU_AMD_K8 ? PMC_MDEP_CLASS_INDEX_K8 :
856 	    PMC_MDEP_CLASS_INDEX_K7;
857 #endif
858 	first_ri = md->pmd_classdep[classindex].pcd_ri;
859 
860 	/*
861 	 * Reset pointers in the MI 'per-cpu' state.
862 	 */
863 	for (i = 0; i < AMD_NPMCS; i++) {
864 		pc->pc_hwpmcs[i + first_ri] = NULL;
865 	}
866 
867 
868 	free(pac, M_PMC);
869 
870 	return (0);
871 }
872 
873 /*
874  * Initialize ourselves.
875  */
876 
877 struct pmc_mdep *
878 pmc_amd_initialize(void)
879 {
880 	int classindex, error, i, ncpus;
881 	struct pmc_classdep *pcd;
882 	enum pmc_cputype cputype;
883 	struct pmc_mdep *pmc_mdep;
884 	enum pmc_class class;
885 	char *name;
886 
887 	/*
888 	 * The presence of hardware performance counters on the AMD
889 	 * Athlon, Duron or later processors, is _not_ indicated by
890 	 * any of the processor feature flags set by the 'CPUID'
891 	 * instruction, so we only check the 'instruction family'
892 	 * field returned by CPUID for instruction family >= 6.
893 	 */
894 
895 	name = NULL;
896 	switch (cpu_id & 0xF00) {
897 #if	defined(__i386__)
898 	case 0x600:		/* Athlon(tm) processor */
899 		classindex = PMC_MDEP_CLASS_INDEX_K7;
900 		cputype = PMC_CPU_AMD_K7;
901 		class = PMC_CLASS_K7;
902 		name = "K7";
903 		break;
904 #endif
905 	case 0xF00:		/* Athlon64/Opteron processor */
906 		classindex = PMC_MDEP_CLASS_INDEX_K8;
907 		cputype = PMC_CPU_AMD_K8;
908 		class = PMC_CLASS_K8;
909 		name = "K8";
910 		break;
911 
912 	default:
913 		(void) printf("pmc: Unknown AMD CPU.\n");
914 		return NULL;
915 	}
916 
917 #ifdef	HWPMC_DEBUG
918 	amd_pmc_class = class;
919 #endif
920 
921 	/*
922 	 * Allocate space for pointers to PMC HW descriptors and for
923 	 * the MDEP structure used by MI code.
924 	 */
925 	amd_pcpu = malloc(sizeof(struct amd_cpu *) * pmc_cpu_max(), M_PMC,
926 	    M_WAITOK|M_ZERO);
927 
928 	/*
929 	 * These processors have two classes of PMCs: the TSC and
930 	 * programmable PMCs.
931 	 */
932 	pmc_mdep = pmc_mdep_alloc(2);
933 
934 	pmc_mdep->pmd_cputype = cputype;
935 
936 	ncpus = pmc_cpu_max();
937 
938 	/* Initialize the TSC. */
939 	error = pmc_tsc_initialize(pmc_mdep, ncpus);
940 	if (error)
941 		goto error;
942 
943 	/* Initialize AMD K7 and K8 PMC handling. */
944 	pcd = &pmc_mdep->pmd_classdep[classindex];
945 
946 	pcd->pcd_caps		= AMD_PMC_CAPS;
947 	pcd->pcd_class		= class;
948 	pcd->pcd_num		= AMD_NPMCS;
949 	pcd->pcd_ri		= pmc_mdep->pmd_npmc;
950 	pcd->pcd_width		= 48;
951 
952 	/* fill in the correct pmc name and class */
953 	for (i = 0; i < AMD_NPMCS; i++) {
954 		(void) snprintf(amd_pmcdesc[i].pm_descr.pd_name,
955 		    sizeof(amd_pmcdesc[i].pm_descr.pd_name), "%s-%d",
956 		    name, i);
957 		amd_pmcdesc[i].pm_descr.pd_class = class;
958 	}
959 
960 	pcd->pcd_allocate_pmc	= amd_allocate_pmc;
961 	pcd->pcd_config_pmc	= amd_config_pmc;
962 	pcd->pcd_describe	= amd_describe;
963 	pcd->pcd_get_config	= amd_get_config;
964 	pcd->pcd_get_msr	= amd_get_msr;
965 	pcd->pcd_pcpu_fini	= amd_pcpu_fini;
966 	pcd->pcd_pcpu_init	= amd_pcpu_init;
967 	pcd->pcd_read_pmc	= amd_read_pmc;
968 	pcd->pcd_release_pmc	= amd_release_pmc;
969 	pcd->pcd_start_pmc	= amd_start_pmc;
970 	pcd->pcd_stop_pmc	= amd_stop_pmc;
971 	pcd->pcd_write_pmc	= amd_write_pmc;
972 
973 	pmc_mdep->pmd_pcpu_init = NULL;
974 	pmc_mdep->pmd_pcpu_fini = NULL;
975 	pmc_mdep->pmd_intr	= amd_intr;
976 	pmc_mdep->pmd_switch_in = amd_switch_in;
977 	pmc_mdep->pmd_switch_out = amd_switch_out;
978 
979 	pmc_mdep->pmd_npmc     += AMD_NPMCS;
980 
981 	PMCDBG0(MDP,INI,0,"amd-initialize");
982 
983 	return (pmc_mdep);
984 
985   error:
986 	if (error) {
987 		free(pmc_mdep, M_PMC);
988 		pmc_mdep = NULL;
989 	}
990 
991 	return (NULL);
992 }
993 
994 /*
995  * Finalization code for AMD CPUs.
996  */
997 
998 void
999 pmc_amd_finalize(struct pmc_mdep *md)
1000 {
1001 #if	defined(INVARIANTS)
1002 	int classindex, i, ncpus, pmcclass;
1003 #endif
1004 
1005 	pmc_tsc_finalize(md);
1006 
1007 	KASSERT(amd_pcpu != NULL, ("[amd,%d] NULL per-cpu array pointer",
1008 	    __LINE__));
1009 
1010 #if	defined(INVARIANTS)
1011 	switch (md->pmd_cputype) {
1012 #if	defined(__i386__)
1013 	case PMC_CPU_AMD_K7:
1014 		classindex = PMC_MDEP_CLASS_INDEX_K7;
1015 		pmcclass = PMC_CLASS_K7;
1016 		break;
1017 #endif
1018 	default:
1019 		classindex = PMC_MDEP_CLASS_INDEX_K8;
1020 		pmcclass = PMC_CLASS_K8;
1021 	}
1022 
1023 	KASSERT(md->pmd_classdep[classindex].pcd_class == pmcclass,
1024 	    ("[amd,%d] pmc class mismatch", __LINE__));
1025 
1026 	ncpus = pmc_cpu_max();
1027 
1028 	for (i = 0; i < ncpus; i++)
1029 		KASSERT(amd_pcpu[i] == NULL, ("[amd,%d] non-null pcpu",
1030 		    __LINE__));
1031 #endif
1032 
1033 	free(amd_pcpu, M_PMC);
1034 	amd_pcpu = NULL;
1035 }
1036