xref: /freebsd/sys/contrib/zlib/deflate.h (revision 1edb7116f450c1a1793f2fd25f6bdc16735ef888)
1 /* deflate.h -- internal compression state
2  * Copyright (C) 1995-2024 Jean-loup Gailly
3  * For conditions of distribution and use, see copyright notice in zlib.h
4  */
5 
6 /* WARNING: this file should *not* be used by applications. It is
7    part of the implementation of the compression library and is
8    subject to change. Applications should only use zlib.h.
9  */
10 
11 /* @(#) $Id$ */
12 
13 #ifndef DEFLATE_H
14 #define DEFLATE_H
15 
16 #include "zutil.h"
17 
18 /* define NO_GZIP when compiling if you want to disable gzip header and
19    trailer creation by deflate().  NO_GZIP would be used to avoid linking in
20    the crc code when it is not needed.  For shared libraries, gzip encoding
21    should be left enabled. */
22 #ifndef NO_GZIP
23 #  define GZIP
24 #endif
25 
26 /* define LIT_MEM to slightly increase the speed of deflate (order 1% to 2%) at
27    the cost of a larger memory footprint */
28 #define LIT_MEM
29 
30 /* ===========================================================================
31  * Internal compression state.
32  */
33 
34 #define LENGTH_CODES 29
35 /* number of length codes, not counting the special END_BLOCK code */
36 
37 #define LITERALS  256
38 /* number of literal bytes 0..255 */
39 
40 #define L_CODES (LITERALS+1+LENGTH_CODES)
41 /* number of Literal or Length codes, including the END_BLOCK code */
42 
43 #define D_CODES   30
44 /* number of distance codes */
45 
46 #define BL_CODES  19
47 /* number of codes used to transfer the bit lengths */
48 
49 #define HEAP_SIZE (2*L_CODES+1)
50 /* maximum heap size */
51 
52 #define MAX_BITS 15
53 /* All codes must not exceed MAX_BITS bits */
54 
55 #define Buf_size 16
56 /* size of bit buffer in bi_buf */
57 
58 #define INIT_STATE    42    /* zlib header -> BUSY_STATE */
59 #ifdef GZIP
60 #  define GZIP_STATE  57    /* gzip header -> BUSY_STATE | EXTRA_STATE */
61 #endif
62 #define EXTRA_STATE   69    /* gzip extra block -> NAME_STATE */
63 #define NAME_STATE    73    /* gzip file name -> COMMENT_STATE */
64 #define COMMENT_STATE 91    /* gzip comment -> HCRC_STATE */
65 #define HCRC_STATE   103    /* gzip header CRC -> BUSY_STATE */
66 #define BUSY_STATE   113    /* deflate -> FINISH_STATE */
67 #define FINISH_STATE 666    /* stream complete */
68 /* Stream status */
69 
70 
71 /* Data structure describing a single value and its code string. */
72 typedef struct ct_data_s {
73     union {
74         ush  freq;       /* frequency count */
75         ush  code;       /* bit string */
76     } fc;
77     union {
78         ush  dad;        /* father node in Huffman tree */
79         ush  len;        /* length of bit string */
80     } dl;
81 } FAR ct_data;
82 
83 #define Freq fc.freq
84 #define Code fc.code
85 #define Dad  dl.dad
86 #define Len  dl.len
87 
88 typedef struct static_tree_desc_s  static_tree_desc;
89 
90 typedef struct tree_desc_s {
91     ct_data *dyn_tree;           /* the dynamic tree */
92     int     max_code;            /* largest code with non zero frequency */
93     const static_tree_desc *stat_desc;  /* the corresponding static tree */
94 } FAR tree_desc;
95 
96 typedef ush Pos;
97 typedef Pos FAR Posf;
98 typedef unsigned IPos;
99 
100 /* A Pos is an index in the character window. We use short instead of int to
101  * save space in the various tables. IPos is used only for parameter passing.
102  */
103 
104 typedef struct internal_state {
105     z_streamp strm;      /* pointer back to this zlib stream */
106     int   status;        /* as the name implies */
107     Bytef *pending_buf;  /* output still pending */
108     ulg   pending_buf_size; /* size of pending_buf */
109     Bytef *pending_out;  /* next pending byte to output to the stream */
110     ulg   pending;       /* nb of bytes in the pending buffer */
111     int   wrap;          /* bit 0 true for zlib, bit 1 true for gzip */
112     gz_headerp  gzhead;  /* gzip header information to write */
113     ulg   gzindex;       /* where in extra, name, or comment */
114     Byte  method;        /* can only be DEFLATED */
115     int   last_flush;    /* value of flush param for previous deflate call */
116 
117                 /* used by deflate.c: */
118 
119     uInt  w_size;        /* LZ77 window size (32K by default) */
120     uInt  w_bits;        /* log2(w_size)  (8..16) */
121     uInt  w_mask;        /* w_size - 1 */
122 
123     Bytef *window;
124     /* Sliding window. Input bytes are read into the second half of the window,
125      * and move to the first half later to keep a dictionary of at least wSize
126      * bytes. With this organization, matches are limited to a distance of
127      * wSize-MAX_MATCH bytes, but this ensures that IO is always
128      * performed with a length multiple of the block size. Also, it limits
129      * the window size to 64K, which is quite useful on MSDOS.
130      * To do: use the user input buffer as sliding window.
131      */
132 
133     ulg window_size;
134     /* Actual size of window: 2*wSize, except when the user input buffer
135      * is directly used as sliding window.
136      */
137 
138     Posf *prev;
139     /* Link to older string with same hash index. To limit the size of this
140      * array to 64K, this link is maintained only for the last 32K strings.
141      * An index in this array is thus a window index modulo 32K.
142      */
143 
144     Posf *head; /* Heads of the hash chains or NIL. */
145 
146     uInt  ins_h;          /* hash index of string to be inserted */
147     uInt  hash_size;      /* number of elements in hash table */
148     uInt  hash_bits;      /* log2(hash_size) */
149     uInt  hash_mask;      /* hash_size-1 */
150 
151     uInt  hash_shift;
152     /* Number of bits by which ins_h must be shifted at each input
153      * step. It must be such that after MIN_MATCH steps, the oldest
154      * byte no longer takes part in the hash key, that is:
155      *   hash_shift * MIN_MATCH >= hash_bits
156      */
157 
158     long block_start;
159     /* Window position at the beginning of the current output block. Gets
160      * negative when the window is moved backwards.
161      */
162 
163     uInt match_length;           /* length of best match */
164     IPos prev_match;             /* previous match */
165     int match_available;         /* set if previous match exists */
166     uInt strstart;               /* start of string to insert */
167     uInt match_start;            /* start of matching string */
168     uInt lookahead;              /* number of valid bytes ahead in window */
169 
170     uInt prev_length;
171     /* Length of the best match at previous step. Matches not greater than this
172      * are discarded. This is used in the lazy match evaluation.
173      */
174 
175     uInt max_chain_length;
176     /* To speed up deflation, hash chains are never searched beyond this
177      * length.  A higher limit improves compression ratio but degrades the
178      * speed.
179      */
180 
181     uInt max_lazy_match;
182     /* Attempt to find a better match only when the current match is strictly
183      * smaller than this value. This mechanism is used only for compression
184      * levels >= 4.
185      */
186 #   define max_insert_length  max_lazy_match
187     /* Insert new strings in the hash table only if the match length is not
188      * greater than this length. This saves time but degrades compression.
189      * max_insert_length is used only for compression levels <= 3.
190      */
191 
192     int level;    /* compression level (1..9) */
193     int strategy; /* favor or force Huffman coding*/
194 
195     uInt good_match;
196     /* Use a faster search when the previous match is longer than this */
197 
198     int nice_match; /* Stop searching when current match exceeds this */
199 
200                 /* used by trees.c: */
201     /* Didn't use ct_data typedef below to suppress compiler warning */
202     struct ct_data_s dyn_ltree[HEAP_SIZE];   /* literal and length tree */
203     struct ct_data_s dyn_dtree[2*D_CODES+1]; /* distance tree */
204     struct ct_data_s bl_tree[2*BL_CODES+1];  /* Huffman tree for bit lengths */
205 
206     struct tree_desc_s l_desc;               /* desc. for literal tree */
207     struct tree_desc_s d_desc;               /* desc. for distance tree */
208     struct tree_desc_s bl_desc;              /* desc. for bit length tree */
209 
210     ush bl_count[MAX_BITS+1];
211     /* number of codes at each bit length for an optimal tree */
212 
213     int heap[2*L_CODES+1];      /* heap used to build the Huffman trees */
214     int heap_len;               /* number of elements in the heap */
215     int heap_max;               /* element of largest frequency */
216     /* The sons of heap[n] are heap[2*n] and heap[2*n+1]. heap[0] is not used.
217      * The same heap array is used to build all trees.
218      */
219 
220     uch depth[2*L_CODES+1];
221     /* Depth of each subtree used as tie breaker for trees of equal frequency
222      */
223 
224 #ifdef LIT_MEM
225 #   define LIT_BUFS 5
226     ushf *d_buf;          /* buffer for distances */
227     uchf *l_buf;          /* buffer for literals/lengths */
228 #else
229 #   define LIT_BUFS 4
230     uchf *sym_buf;        /* buffer for distances and literals/lengths */
231 #endif
232 
233     uInt  lit_bufsize;
234     /* Size of match buffer for literals/lengths.  There are 4 reasons for
235      * limiting lit_bufsize to 64K:
236      *   - frequencies can be kept in 16 bit counters
237      *   - if compression is not successful for the first block, all input
238      *     data is still in the window so we can still emit a stored block even
239      *     when input comes from standard input.  (This can also be done for
240      *     all blocks if lit_bufsize is not greater than 32K.)
241      *   - if compression is not successful for a file smaller than 64K, we can
242      *     even emit a stored file instead of a stored block (saving 5 bytes).
243      *     This is applicable only for zip (not gzip or zlib).
244      *   - creating new Huffman trees less frequently may not provide fast
245      *     adaptation to changes in the input data statistics. (Take for
246      *     example a binary file with poorly compressible code followed by
247      *     a highly compressible string table.) Smaller buffer sizes give
248      *     fast adaptation but have of course the overhead of transmitting
249      *     trees more frequently.
250      *   - I can't count above 4
251      */
252 
253     uInt sym_next;      /* running index in symbol buffer */
254     uInt sym_end;       /* symbol table full when sym_next reaches this */
255 
256     ulg opt_len;        /* bit length of current block with optimal trees */
257     ulg static_len;     /* bit length of current block with static trees */
258     uInt matches;       /* number of string matches in current block */
259     uInt insert;        /* bytes at end of window left to insert */
260 
261 #ifdef ZLIB_DEBUG
262     ulg compressed_len; /* total bit length of compressed file mod 2^32 */
263     ulg bits_sent;      /* bit length of compressed data sent mod 2^32 */
264 #endif
265 
266     ush bi_buf;
267     /* Output buffer. bits are inserted starting at the bottom (least
268      * significant bits).
269      */
270     int bi_valid;
271     /* Number of valid bits in bi_buf.  All bits above the last valid bit
272      * are always zero.
273      */
274 
275     ulg high_water;
276     /* High water mark offset in window for initialized bytes -- bytes above
277      * this are set to zero in order to avoid memory check warnings when
278      * longest match routines access bytes past the input.  This is then
279      * updated to the new high water mark.
280      */
281 
282 } FAR deflate_state;
283 
284 /* Output a byte on the stream.
285  * IN assertion: there is enough room in pending_buf.
286  */
287 #define put_byte(s, c) {s->pending_buf[s->pending++] = (Bytef)(c);}
288 
289 
290 #define MIN_LOOKAHEAD (MAX_MATCH+MIN_MATCH+1)
291 /* Minimum amount of lookahead, except at the end of the input file.
292  * See deflate.c for comments about the MIN_MATCH+1.
293  */
294 
295 #define MAX_DIST(s)  ((s)->w_size-MIN_LOOKAHEAD)
296 /* In order to simplify the code, particularly on 16 bit machines, match
297  * distances are limited to MAX_DIST instead of WSIZE.
298  */
299 
300 #define WIN_INIT MAX_MATCH
301 /* Number of bytes after end of data in window to initialize in order to avoid
302    memory checker errors from longest match routines */
303 
304         /* in trees.c */
305 void ZLIB_INTERNAL _tr_init(deflate_state *s);
306 int ZLIB_INTERNAL _tr_tally(deflate_state *s, unsigned dist, unsigned lc);
307 void ZLIB_INTERNAL _tr_flush_block(deflate_state *s, charf *buf,
308                                    ulg stored_len, int last);
309 void ZLIB_INTERNAL _tr_flush_bits(deflate_state *s);
310 void ZLIB_INTERNAL _tr_align(deflate_state *s);
311 void ZLIB_INTERNAL _tr_stored_block(deflate_state *s, charf *buf,
312                                     ulg stored_len, int last);
313 
314 #define d_code(dist) \
315    ((dist) < 256 ? _dist_code[dist] : _dist_code[256+((dist)>>7)])
316 /* Mapping from a distance to a distance code. dist is the distance - 1 and
317  * must not have side effects. _dist_code[256] and _dist_code[257] are never
318  * used.
319  */
320 
321 #ifndef ZLIB_DEBUG
322 /* Inline versions of _tr_tally for speed: */
323 
324 #if defined(GEN_TREES_H) || !defined(STDC)
325   extern uch ZLIB_INTERNAL _length_code[];
326   extern uch ZLIB_INTERNAL _dist_code[];
327 #else
328   extern const uch ZLIB_INTERNAL _length_code[];
329   extern const uch ZLIB_INTERNAL _dist_code[];
330 #endif
331 
332 #ifdef LIT_MEM
333 # define _tr_tally_lit(s, c, flush) \
334   { uch cc = (c); \
335     s->d_buf[s->sym_next] = 0; \
336     s->l_buf[s->sym_next++] = cc; \
337     s->dyn_ltree[cc].Freq++; \
338     flush = (s->sym_next == s->sym_end); \
339    }
340 # define _tr_tally_dist(s, distance, length, flush) \
341   { uch len = (uch)(length); \
342     ush dist = (ush)(distance); \
343     s->d_buf[s->sym_next] = dist; \
344     s->l_buf[s->sym_next++] = len; \
345     dist--; \
346     s->dyn_ltree[_length_code[len]+LITERALS+1].Freq++; \
347     s->dyn_dtree[d_code(dist)].Freq++; \
348     flush = (s->sym_next == s->sym_end); \
349   }
350 #else
351 # define _tr_tally_lit(s, c, flush) \
352   { uch cc = (c); \
353     s->sym_buf[s->sym_next++] = 0; \
354     s->sym_buf[s->sym_next++] = 0; \
355     s->sym_buf[s->sym_next++] = cc; \
356     s->dyn_ltree[cc].Freq++; \
357     flush = (s->sym_next == s->sym_end); \
358    }
359 # define _tr_tally_dist(s, distance, length, flush) \
360   { uch len = (uch)(length); \
361     ush dist = (ush)(distance); \
362     s->sym_buf[s->sym_next++] = (uch)dist; \
363     s->sym_buf[s->sym_next++] = (uch)(dist >> 8); \
364     s->sym_buf[s->sym_next++] = len; \
365     dist--; \
366     s->dyn_ltree[_length_code[len]+LITERALS+1].Freq++; \
367     s->dyn_dtree[d_code(dist)].Freq++; \
368     flush = (s->sym_next == s->sym_end); \
369   }
370 #endif
371 #else
372 # define _tr_tally_lit(s, c, flush) flush = _tr_tally(s, 0, c)
373 # define _tr_tally_dist(s, distance, length, flush) \
374               flush = _tr_tally(s, distance, length)
375 #endif
376 
377 #endif /* DEFLATE_H */
378