xref: /freebsd/sys/compat/linux/linux_elf.c (revision d37eb51047221dc3322b34db1038ff3aa533883f)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2021 Edward Tomasz Napierala <trasz@FreeBSD.org>
5  * Copyright (c) 2018 Chuck Tuffli
6  * Copyright (c) 2017 Dell EMC
7  * Copyright (c) 2000 David O'Brien
8  * Copyright (c) 1995-1996 Søren Schmidt
9  * Copyright (c) 1996 Peter Wemm
10  * All rights reserved.
11  *
12  * This software was developed by the University of Cambridge Computer
13  * Laboratory as part of the CHERI for Hypervisors and Operating Systems
14  * (CHaOS) project, funded by EPSRC grant EP/V000292/1.
15  *
16  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
17  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
18  * are met:
19  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
20  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
21  *    in this position and unchanged.
22  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
23  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
24  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
25  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
26  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission
27  *
28  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
29  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
30  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
31  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
32  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
33  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
34  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
35  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
36  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
37  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
38  */
39 
40 #include <sys/param.h>
41 #include <sys/exec.h>
42 #include <sys/imgact.h>
43 #include <sys/imgact_elf.h>
44 #include <sys/lock.h>
45 #include <sys/malloc.h>
46 #include <sys/mutex.h>
47 #include <sys/proc.h>
48 #include <sys/procfs.h>
49 #include <sys/reg.h>
50 #include <sys/sbuf.h>
51 #include <sys/sysent.h>
52 
53 #include <vm/vm.h>
54 #include <vm/pmap.h>
55 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
56 
57 #include <machine/elf.h>
58 
59 #ifdef COMPAT_LINUX32
60 #define linux_pt_regset linux_pt_regset32
61 #define bsd_to_linux_regset bsd_to_linux_regset32
62 #include <machine/../linux32/linux.h>
63 #else
64 #include <machine/../linux/linux.h>
65 #endif
66 #include <compat/linux/linux_elf.h>
67 #include <compat/linux/linux_mib.h>
68 #include <compat/linux/linux_misc.h>
69 
70 struct l_elf_siginfo {
71 	l_int		si_signo;
72 	l_int		si_code;
73 	l_int		si_errno;
74 };
75 
76 typedef struct linux_pt_regset l_elf_gregset_t;
77 
78 struct linux_elf_prstatus {
79 	struct l_elf_siginfo pr_info;
80 	l_short		pr_cursig;
81 	l_ulong		pr_sigpend;
82 	l_ulong		pr_sighold;
83 	l_pid_t		pr_pid;
84 	l_pid_t		pr_ppid;
85 	l_pid_t		pr_pgrp;
86 	l_pid_t		pr_sid;
87 	l_timeval	pr_utime;
88 	l_timeval	pr_stime;
89 	l_timeval	pr_cutime;
90 	l_timeval	pr_cstime;
91 	l_elf_gregset_t	pr_reg;
92 	l_int		pr_fpvalid;
93 };
94 
95 #define	LINUX_NT_AUXV	6
96 
97 static void __linuxN(note_fpregset)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
98 static void __linuxN(note_prpsinfo)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
99 static void __linuxN(note_prstatus)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
100 static void __linuxN(note_threadmd)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
101 static void __linuxN(note_nt_auxv)(void *, struct sbuf *, size_t *);
102 
103 void
104 __linuxN(prepare_notes)(struct thread *td, struct note_info_list *list,
105     size_t *sizep)
106 {
107 	struct proc *p;
108 	struct thread *thr;
109 	size_t size;
110 
111 	p = td->td_proc;
112 	size = 0;
113 
114 	/*
115 	 * To have the debugger select the right thread (LWP) as the initial
116 	 * thread, we dump the state of the thread passed to us in td first.
117 	 * This is the thread that causes the core dump and thus likely to
118 	 * be the right thread one wants to have selected in the debugger.
119 	 */
120 	thr = td;
121 	while (thr != NULL) {
122 		size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list,
123 		    NT_PRSTATUS, __linuxN(note_prstatus), thr);
124 		size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list,
125 		    NT_PRPSINFO, __linuxN(note_prpsinfo), p);
126 		size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list,
127 		    LINUX_NT_AUXV, __linuxN(note_nt_auxv), p);
128 		size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list,
129 		    NT_FPREGSET, __linuxN(note_fpregset), thr);
130 		size += __elfN(register_note)(td, list,
131 		    -1, __linuxN(note_threadmd), thr);
132 
133 		thr = thr == td ? TAILQ_FIRST(&p->p_threads) :
134 		    TAILQ_NEXT(thr, td_plist);
135 		if (thr == td)
136 			thr = TAILQ_NEXT(thr, td_plist);
137 	}
138 
139 	*sizep = size;
140 }
141 
142 typedef struct linux_elf_prstatus linux_elf_prstatus_t;
143 #ifdef COMPAT_LINUX32
144 typedef struct prpsinfo32 linux_elf_prpsinfo_t;
145 typedef struct fpreg32 linux_elf_prfpregset_t;
146 #else
147 typedef prpsinfo_t linux_elf_prpsinfo_t;
148 typedef prfpregset_t linux_elf_prfpregset_t;
149 #endif
150 
151 static void
152 __linuxN(note_prpsinfo)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
153 {
154 	struct sbuf sbarg;
155 	size_t len;
156 	char *cp, *end;
157 	struct proc *p;
158 	linux_elf_prpsinfo_t *psinfo;
159 	int error;
160 
161 	p = arg;
162 	if (sb != NULL) {
163 		KASSERT(*sizep == sizeof(*psinfo), ("invalid size"));
164 		psinfo = malloc(sizeof(*psinfo), M_TEMP, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
165 		psinfo->pr_version = PRPSINFO_VERSION;
166 		psinfo->pr_psinfosz = sizeof(linux_elf_prpsinfo_t);
167 		strlcpy(psinfo->pr_fname, p->p_comm, sizeof(psinfo->pr_fname));
168 		PROC_LOCK(p);
169 		if (p->p_args != NULL) {
170 			len = sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs) - 1;
171 			if (len > p->p_args->ar_length)
172 				len = p->p_args->ar_length;
173 			memcpy(psinfo->pr_psargs, p->p_args->ar_args, len);
174 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
175 			error = 0;
176 		} else {
177 			_PHOLD(p);
178 			PROC_UNLOCK(p);
179 			sbuf_new(&sbarg, psinfo->pr_psargs,
180 			    sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs), SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
181 			error = proc_getargv(curthread, p, &sbarg);
182 			PRELE(p);
183 			if (sbuf_finish(&sbarg) == 0) {
184 				len = sbuf_len(&sbarg) - 1;
185 				if (len > 0)
186 					len--;
187 			} else {
188 				len = sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs) - 1;
189 			}
190 			sbuf_delete(&sbarg);
191 		}
192 		if (error != 0 || len == 0 || (ssize_t)len == -1)
193 			strlcpy(psinfo->pr_psargs, p->p_comm,
194 			    sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs));
195 		else {
196 			KASSERT(len < sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs),
197 			    ("len is too long: %zu vs %zu", len,
198 			    sizeof(psinfo->pr_psargs)));
199 			cp = psinfo->pr_psargs;
200 			end = cp + len - 1;
201 			for (;;) {
202 				cp = memchr(cp, '\0', end - cp);
203 				if (cp == NULL)
204 					break;
205 				*cp = ' ';
206 			}
207 		}
208 		psinfo->pr_pid = p->p_pid;
209 		sbuf_bcat(sb, psinfo, sizeof(*psinfo));
210 		free(psinfo, M_TEMP);
211 	}
212 	*sizep = sizeof(*psinfo);
213 }
214 
215 static void
216 __linuxN(note_prstatus)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
217 {
218 	struct thread *td;
219 	linux_elf_prstatus_t *status;
220 #ifdef COMPAT_LINUX32
221 	struct reg32 pr_reg;
222 #else
223 	struct reg pr_reg;
224 #endif
225 
226 	td = arg;
227 	if (sb != NULL) {
228 		KASSERT(*sizep == sizeof(*status), ("invalid size"));
229 		status = malloc(sizeof(*status), M_TEMP, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
230 
231 		/*
232 		 * XXX: Some fields missing.
233 		 */
234 		status->pr_cursig = td->td_proc->p_sig;
235 		status->pr_pid = td->td_tid;
236 
237 #ifdef COMPAT_LINUX32
238 		fill_regs32(td, &pr_reg);
239 #else
240 		fill_regs(td, &pr_reg);
241 #endif
242 		bsd_to_linux_regset(&pr_reg, &status->pr_reg);
243 		sbuf_bcat(sb, status, sizeof(*status));
244 		free(status, M_TEMP);
245 	}
246 	*sizep = sizeof(*status);
247 }
248 
249 static void
250 __linuxN(note_fpregset)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
251 {
252 	struct thread *td;
253 	linux_elf_prfpregset_t *fpregset;
254 
255 	td = arg;
256 	if (sb != NULL) {
257 		KASSERT(*sizep == sizeof(*fpregset), ("invalid size"));
258 		fpregset = malloc(sizeof(*fpregset), M_TEMP, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
259 #ifdef COMPAT_LINUX32
260 		fill_fpregs32(td, fpregset);
261 #else
262 		fill_fpregs(td, fpregset);
263 #endif
264 		sbuf_bcat(sb, fpregset, sizeof(*fpregset));
265 		free(fpregset, M_TEMP);
266 	}
267 	*sizep = sizeof(*fpregset);
268 }
269 
270 /*
271  * Allow for MD specific notes, as well as any MD
272  * specific preparations for writing MI notes.
273  */
274 static void
275 __linuxN(note_threadmd)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
276 {
277 	struct thread *td;
278 	void *buf;
279 	size_t size;
280 
281 	td = arg;
282 	size = *sizep;
283 	if (size != 0 && sb != NULL)
284 		buf = malloc(size, M_TEMP, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
285 	else
286 		buf = NULL;
287 	size = 0;
288 	__elfN(dump_thread)(td, buf, &size);
289 	KASSERT(sb == NULL || *sizep == size, ("invalid size"));
290 	if (size != 0 && sb != NULL)
291 		sbuf_bcat(sb, buf, size);
292 	free(buf, M_TEMP);
293 	*sizep = size;
294 }
295 
296 static void
297 __linuxN(note_nt_auxv)(void *arg, struct sbuf *sb, size_t *sizep)
298 {
299 	struct proc *p;
300 	size_t size;
301 
302 	p = arg;
303 	if (sb == NULL) {
304 		size = 0;
305 		sb = sbuf_new(NULL, NULL, LINUX_AT_COUNT * sizeof(Elf_Auxinfo),
306 		    SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
307 		sbuf_set_drain(sb, sbuf_count_drain, &size);
308 		PHOLD(p);
309 		proc_getauxv(curthread, p, sb);
310 		PRELE(p);
311 		sbuf_finish(sb);
312 		sbuf_delete(sb);
313 		*sizep = size;
314 	} else {
315 		PHOLD(p);
316 		proc_getauxv(curthread, p, sb);
317 		PRELE(p);
318 	}
319 }
320 
321 /*
322  * Copy strings out to the new process address space, constructing new arg
323  * and env vector tables. Return a pointer to the base so that it can be used
324  * as the initial stack pointer.
325  */
326 int
327 __linuxN(copyout_strings)(struct image_params *imgp, uintptr_t *stack_base)
328 {
329 	char canary[LINUX_AT_RANDOM_LEN];
330 	char **vectp;
331 	char *stringp;
332 	uintptr_t destp, ustringp;
333 	struct ps_strings *arginfo;
334 	struct proc *p;
335 	size_t execpath_len;
336 	int argc, envc;
337 	int error;
338 
339 	p = imgp->proc;
340 	destp =	PROC_PS_STRINGS(p);
341 	arginfo = imgp->ps_strings = (void *)destp;
342 
343 	/*
344 	 * Copy the image path for the rtld.
345 	 */
346 	if (imgp->execpath != NULL && imgp->auxargs != NULL) {
347 		execpath_len = strlen(imgp->execpath) + 1;
348 		destp -= execpath_len;
349 		destp = rounddown2(destp, sizeof(void *));
350 		imgp->execpathp = (void *)destp;
351 		error = copyout(imgp->execpath, imgp->execpathp, execpath_len);
352 		if (error != 0)
353 			return (error);
354 	}
355 
356 	/*
357 	 * Prepare the canary for SSP.
358 	 */
359 	arc4rand(canary, sizeof(canary), 0);
360 	destp -= sizeof(canary);
361 	imgp->canary = (void *)destp;
362 	error = copyout(canary, imgp->canary, sizeof(canary));
363 	if (error != 0)
364 		return (error);
365 	imgp->canarylen = sizeof(canary);
366 
367 	/*
368 	 * Allocate room for the argument and environment strings.
369 	 */
370 	destp -= ARG_MAX - imgp->args->stringspace;
371 	destp = rounddown2(destp, sizeof(void *));
372 	ustringp = destp;
373 
374 	if (imgp->auxargs) {
375 		/*
376 		 * Allocate room on the stack for the ELF auxargs
377 		 * array.  It has up to LINUX_AT_COUNT entries.
378 		 */
379 		destp -= LINUX_AT_COUNT * sizeof(Elf_Auxinfo);
380 		destp = rounddown2(destp, sizeof(void *));
381 	}
382 
383 	vectp = (char **)destp;
384 
385 	/*
386 	 * Allocate room for the argv[] and env vectors including the
387 	 * terminating NULL pointers.
388 	 */
389 	vectp -= imgp->args->argc + 1 + imgp->args->envc + 1;
390 
391 	/*
392 	 * Starting with 2.24, glibc depends on a 16-byte stack alignment.
393 	 */
394 	vectp = (char **)((((uintptr_t)vectp + 8) & ~0xF) - 8);
395 
396 	/*
397 	 * vectp also becomes our initial stack base
398 	 */
399 	*stack_base = (uintptr_t)vectp;
400 
401 	stringp = imgp->args->begin_argv;
402 	argc = imgp->args->argc;
403 	envc = imgp->args->envc;
404 
405 	/*
406 	 * Copy out strings - arguments and environment.
407 	 */
408 	error = copyout(stringp, (void *)ustringp,
409 	    ARG_MAX - imgp->args->stringspace);
410 	if (error != 0)
411 		return (error);
412 
413 	/*
414 	 * Fill in "ps_strings" struct for ps, w, etc.
415 	 */
416 	imgp->argv = vectp;
417 	if (suword(&arginfo->ps_argvstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp) != 0 ||
418 	    suword32(&arginfo->ps_nargvstr, argc) != 0)
419 		return (EFAULT);
420 
421 	/*
422 	 * Fill in argument portion of vector table.
423 	 */
424 	for (; argc > 0; --argc) {
425 		if (suword(vectp++, ustringp) != 0)
426 			return (EFAULT);
427 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
428 			ustringp++;
429 		ustringp++;
430 	}
431 
432 	/* a null vector table pointer separates the argp's from the envp's */
433 	if (suword(vectp++, 0) != 0)
434 		return (EFAULT);
435 
436 	imgp->envv = vectp;
437 	if (suword(&arginfo->ps_envstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp) != 0 ||
438 	    suword32(&arginfo->ps_nenvstr, envc) != 0)
439 		return (EFAULT);
440 
441 	/*
442 	 * Fill in environment portion of vector table.
443 	 */
444 	for (; envc > 0; --envc) {
445 		if (suword(vectp++, ustringp) != 0)
446 			return (EFAULT);
447 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
448 			ustringp++;
449 		ustringp++;
450 	}
451 
452 	/* end of vector table is a null pointer */
453 	if (suword(vectp, 0) != 0)
454 		return (EFAULT);
455 
456 	if (imgp->auxargs) {
457 		vectp++;
458 		error = imgp->sysent->sv_copyout_auxargs(imgp,
459 		    (uintptr_t)vectp);
460 		if (error != 0)
461 			return (error);
462 	}
463 
464 	return (0);
465 }
466 
467 bool
468 linux_trans_osrel(const Elf_Note *note, int32_t *osrel)
469 {
470 	const Elf32_Word *desc;
471 	uintptr_t p;
472 
473 	p = (uintptr_t)(note + 1);
474 	p += roundup2(note->n_namesz, sizeof(Elf32_Addr));
475 
476 	desc = (const Elf32_Word *)p;
477 	if (desc[0] != GNU_ABI_LINUX)
478 		return (false);
479 	/*
480 	 * For Linux we encode osrel using the Linux convention of
481 	 * 	(version << 16) | (major << 8) | (minor)
482 	 * See macro in linux_mib.h
483 	 */
484 	*osrel = LINUX_KERNVER(desc[1], desc[2], desc[3]);
485 
486 	return (true);
487 }
488 
489 int
490 __linuxN(copyout_auxargs)(struct image_params *imgp, uintptr_t base)
491 {
492 	struct thread *td = curthread;
493 	Elf_Auxargs *args;
494 	Elf_Auxinfo *aarray, *pos;
495 	struct proc *p;
496 	int error, issetugid;
497 
498 	p = imgp->proc;
499 	issetugid = p->p_flag & P_SUGID ? 1 : 0;
500 	args = imgp->auxargs;
501 	aarray = pos = malloc(LINUX_AT_COUNT * sizeof(*pos), M_TEMP,
502 	    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
503 
504 	__linuxN(arch_copyout_auxargs)(imgp, &pos);
505 	/*
506 	 * Do not export AT_CLKTCK when emulating Linux kernel prior to 2.4.0,
507 	 * as it has appeared in the 2.4.0-rc7 first time.
508 	 * Being exported, AT_CLKTCK is returned by sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK),
509 	 * glibc falls back to the hard-coded CLK_TCK value when aux entry
510 	 * is not present.
511 	 * Also see linux_times() implementation.
512 	 */
513 	if (linux_kernver(td) >= LINUX_KERNVER(2,4,0))
514 		AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, LINUX_AT_CLKTCK, stclohz);
515 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_PAGESZ, args->pagesz);
516 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_PHDR, args->phdr);
517 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_PHENT, args->phent);
518 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_PHNUM, args->phnum);
519 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_BASE, args->base);
520 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_FLAGS, args->flags);
521 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_ENTRY, args->entry);
522 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_UID, imgp->proc->p_ucred->cr_ruid);
523 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_EUID, imgp->proc->p_ucred->cr_svuid);
524 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_GID, imgp->proc->p_ucred->cr_rgid);
525 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_EGID, imgp->proc->p_ucred->cr_svgid);
526 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, LINUX_AT_SECURE, issetugid);
527 	if (linux_kernver(td) >= LINUX_KERNVER(2,6,30))
528 		AUXARGS_ENTRY_PTR(pos, LINUX_AT_RANDOM, imgp->canary);
529 	if (linux_kernver(td) >= LINUX_KERNVER(2,6,26) && imgp->execpathp != 0)
530 		AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, LINUX_AT_EXECFN, PTROUT(imgp->execpathp));
531 	if (args->execfd != -1)
532 		AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_EXECFD, args->execfd);
533 	if (linux_kernver(td) >= LINUX_KERNVER(5,13,0))
534 		AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, LINUX_AT_MINSIGSTKSZ,
535 		    imgp->sysent->sv_minsigstksz);
536 	AUXARGS_ENTRY(pos, AT_NULL, 0);
537 
538 	free(imgp->auxargs, M_TEMP);
539 	imgp->auxargs = NULL;
540 	KASSERT(pos - aarray <= LINUX_AT_COUNT, ("Too many auxargs"));
541 
542 	error = copyout(aarray, PTRIN(base), sizeof(*aarray) * LINUX_AT_COUNT);
543 	free(aarray, M_TEMP);
544 	return (error);
545 }
546