xref: /freebsd/sys/amd64/vmm/x86.c (revision b740c88bfb6453416926271c089262e7164dace3)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2011 NetApp, Inc.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY NETAPP, INC ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL NETAPP, INC OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  */
28 
29 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
30 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
31 
32 #include <sys/param.h>
33 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
34 #include <sys/systm.h>
35 #include <sys/cpuset.h>
36 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
37 
38 #include <machine/clock.h>
39 #include <machine/cpufunc.h>
40 #include <machine/md_var.h>
41 #include <machine/segments.h>
42 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
43 
44 #include <machine/vmm.h>
45 
46 #include "vmm_host.h"
47 #include "vmm_ktr.h"
48 #include "vmm_util.h"
49 #include "x86.h"
50 
51 SYSCTL_DECL(_hw_vmm);
52 static SYSCTL_NODE(_hw_vmm, OID_AUTO, topology, CTLFLAG_RD, 0, NULL);
53 
54 #define	CPUID_VM_HIGH		0x40000000
55 
56 static const char bhyve_id[12] = "bhyve bhyve ";
57 
58 static uint64_t bhyve_xcpuids;
59 SYSCTL_ULONG(_hw_vmm, OID_AUTO, bhyve_xcpuids, CTLFLAG_RW, &bhyve_xcpuids, 0,
60     "Number of times an unknown cpuid leaf was accessed");
61 
62 /*
63  * The default CPU topology is a single thread per package.
64  */
65 static u_int threads_per_core = 1;
66 SYSCTL_UINT(_hw_vmm_topology, OID_AUTO, threads_per_core, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
67     &threads_per_core, 0, NULL);
68 
69 static u_int cores_per_package = 1;
70 SYSCTL_UINT(_hw_vmm_topology, OID_AUTO, cores_per_package, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
71     &cores_per_package, 0, NULL);
72 
73 static int cpuid_leaf_b = 1;
74 SYSCTL_INT(_hw_vmm_topology, OID_AUTO, cpuid_leaf_b, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
75     &cpuid_leaf_b, 0, NULL);
76 
77 /*
78  * Round up to the next power of two, if necessary, and then take log2.
79  * Returns -1 if argument is zero.
80  */
81 static __inline int
82 log2(u_int x)
83 {
84 
85 	return (fls(x << (1 - powerof2(x))) - 1);
86 }
87 
88 int
89 x86_emulate_cpuid(struct vm *vm, int vcpu_id,
90 		  uint32_t *eax, uint32_t *ebx, uint32_t *ecx, uint32_t *edx)
91 {
92 	const struct xsave_limits *limits;
93 	uint64_t cr4;
94 	int error, enable_invpcid, level, width, x2apic_id;
95 	unsigned int func, regs[4], logical_cpus;
96 	enum x2apic_state x2apic_state;
97 
98 	VCPU_CTR2(vm, vcpu_id, "cpuid %#x,%#x", *eax, *ecx);
99 
100 	/*
101 	 * Requests for invalid CPUID levels should map to the highest
102 	 * available level instead.
103 	 */
104 	if (cpu_exthigh != 0 && *eax >= 0x80000000) {
105 		if (*eax > cpu_exthigh)
106 			*eax = cpu_exthigh;
107 	} else if (*eax >= 0x40000000) {
108 		if (*eax > CPUID_VM_HIGH)
109 			*eax = CPUID_VM_HIGH;
110 	} else if (*eax > cpu_high) {
111 		*eax = cpu_high;
112 	}
113 
114 	func = *eax;
115 
116 	/*
117 	 * In general the approach used for CPU topology is to
118 	 * advertise a flat topology where all CPUs are packages with
119 	 * no multi-core or SMT.
120 	 */
121 	switch (func) {
122 		/*
123 		 * Pass these through to the guest
124 		 */
125 		case CPUID_0000_0000:
126 		case CPUID_0000_0002:
127 		case CPUID_0000_0003:
128 		case CPUID_8000_0000:
129 		case CPUID_8000_0002:
130 		case CPUID_8000_0003:
131 		case CPUID_8000_0004:
132 		case CPUID_8000_0006:
133 			cpuid_count(*eax, *ecx, regs);
134 			break;
135 		case CPUID_8000_0008:
136 			cpuid_count(*eax, *ecx, regs);
137 			if (vmm_is_amd()) {
138 				/*
139 				 * XXX this might appear silly because AMD
140 				 * cpus don't have threads.
141 				 *
142 				 * However this matches the logical cpus as
143 				 * advertised by leaf 0x1 and will work even
144 				 * if the 'threads_per_core' tunable is set
145 				 * incorrectly on an AMD host.
146 				 */
147 				logical_cpus = threads_per_core *
148 				    cores_per_package;
149 				regs[2] = logical_cpus - 1;
150 			}
151 			break;
152 
153 		case CPUID_8000_0001:
154 			cpuid_count(*eax, *ecx, regs);
155 
156 			/*
157 			 * Hide SVM and Topology Extension features from guest.
158 			 */
159 			regs[2] &= ~(AMDID2_SVM | AMDID2_TOPOLOGY);
160 
161 			/*
162 			 * Don't advertise extended performance counter MSRs
163 			 * to the guest.
164 			 */
165 			regs[2] &= ~AMDID2_PCXC;
166 			regs[2] &= ~AMDID2_PNXC;
167 			regs[2] &= ~AMDID2_PTSCEL2I;
168 
169 			/*
170 			 * Don't advertise Instruction Based Sampling feature.
171 			 */
172 			regs[2] &= ~AMDID2_IBS;
173 
174 			/* NodeID MSR not available */
175 			regs[2] &= ~AMDID2_NODE_ID;
176 
177 			/* Don't advertise the OS visible workaround feature */
178 			regs[2] &= ~AMDID2_OSVW;
179 
180 			/*
181 			 * Hide rdtscp/ia32_tsc_aux until we know how
182 			 * to deal with them.
183 			 */
184 			regs[3] &= ~AMDID_RDTSCP;
185 			break;
186 
187 		case CPUID_8000_0007:
188 			/*
189 			 * AMD uses this leaf to advertise the processor's
190 			 * power monitoring and RAS capabilities. These
191 			 * features are hardware-specific and exposing
192 			 * them to a guest doesn't make a lot of sense.
193 			 *
194 			 * Intel uses this leaf only to advertise the
195 			 * "Invariant TSC" feature with all other bits
196 			 * being reserved (set to zero).
197 			 */
198 			regs[0] = 0;
199 			regs[1] = 0;
200 			regs[2] = 0;
201 			regs[3] = 0;
202 
203 			/*
204 			 * "Invariant TSC" can be advertised to the guest if:
205 			 * - host TSC frequency is invariant
206 			 * - host TSCs are synchronized across physical cpus
207 			 *
208 			 * XXX This still falls short because the vcpu
209 			 * can observe the TSC moving backwards as it
210 			 * migrates across physical cpus. But at least
211 			 * it should discourage the guest from using the
212 			 * TSC to keep track of time.
213 			 */
214 			if (tsc_is_invariant && smp_tsc)
215 				regs[3] |= AMDPM_TSC_INVARIANT;
216 			break;
217 
218 		case CPUID_0000_0001:
219 			do_cpuid(1, regs);
220 
221 			error = vm_get_x2apic_state(vm, vcpu_id, &x2apic_state);
222 			if (error) {
223 				panic("x86_emulate_cpuid: error %d "
224 				      "fetching x2apic state", error);
225 			}
226 
227 			/*
228 			 * Override the APIC ID only in ebx
229 			 */
230 			regs[1] &= ~(CPUID_LOCAL_APIC_ID);
231 			regs[1] |= (vcpu_id << CPUID_0000_0001_APICID_SHIFT);
232 
233 			/*
234 			 * Don't expose VMX, SpeedStep or TME capability.
235 			 * Advertise x2APIC capability and Hypervisor guest.
236 			 */
237 			regs[2] &= ~(CPUID2_VMX | CPUID2_EST | CPUID2_TM2);
238 
239 			regs[2] |= CPUID2_HV;
240 
241 			if (x2apic_state != X2APIC_DISABLED)
242 				regs[2] |= CPUID2_X2APIC;
243 			else
244 				regs[2] &= ~CPUID2_X2APIC;
245 
246 			/*
247 			 * Only advertise CPUID2_XSAVE in the guest if
248 			 * the host is using XSAVE.
249 			 */
250 			if (!(regs[2] & CPUID2_OSXSAVE))
251 				regs[2] &= ~CPUID2_XSAVE;
252 
253 			/*
254 			 * If CPUID2_XSAVE is being advertised and the
255 			 * guest has set CR4_XSAVE, set
256 			 * CPUID2_OSXSAVE.
257 			 */
258 			regs[2] &= ~CPUID2_OSXSAVE;
259 			if (regs[2] & CPUID2_XSAVE) {
260 				error = vm_get_register(vm, vcpu_id,
261 				    VM_REG_GUEST_CR4, &cr4);
262 				if (error)
263 					panic("x86_emulate_cpuid: error %d "
264 					      "fetching %%cr4", error);
265 				if (cr4 & CR4_XSAVE)
266 					regs[2] |= CPUID2_OSXSAVE;
267 			}
268 
269 			/*
270 			 * Hide monitor/mwait until we know how to deal with
271 			 * these instructions.
272 			 */
273 			regs[2] &= ~CPUID2_MON;
274 
275                         /*
276 			 * Hide the performance and debug features.
277 			 */
278 			regs[2] &= ~CPUID2_PDCM;
279 
280 			/*
281 			 * No TSC deadline support in the APIC yet
282 			 */
283 			regs[2] &= ~CPUID2_TSCDLT;
284 
285 			/*
286 			 * Hide thermal monitoring
287 			 */
288 			regs[3] &= ~(CPUID_ACPI | CPUID_TM);
289 
290 			/*
291 			 * Machine check handling is done in the host.
292 			 * Hide MTRR capability.
293 			 */
294 			regs[3] &= ~(CPUID_MCA | CPUID_MCE | CPUID_MTRR);
295 
296                         /*
297                         * Hide the debug store capability.
298                         */
299 			regs[3] &= ~CPUID_DS;
300 
301 			logical_cpus = threads_per_core * cores_per_package;
302 			regs[1] &= ~CPUID_HTT_CORES;
303 			regs[1] |= (logical_cpus & 0xff) << 16;
304 			regs[3] |= CPUID_HTT;
305 			break;
306 
307 		case CPUID_0000_0004:
308 			cpuid_count(*eax, *ecx, regs);
309 
310 			if (regs[0] || regs[1] || regs[2] || regs[3]) {
311 				regs[0] &= 0x3ff;
312 				regs[0] |= (cores_per_package - 1) << 26;
313 				/*
314 				 * Cache topology:
315 				 * - L1 and L2 are shared only by the logical
316 				 *   processors in a single core.
317 				 * - L3 and above are shared by all logical
318 				 *   processors in the package.
319 				 */
320 				logical_cpus = threads_per_core;
321 				level = (regs[0] >> 5) & 0x7;
322 				if (level >= 3)
323 					logical_cpus *= cores_per_package;
324 				regs[0] |= (logical_cpus - 1) << 14;
325 			}
326 			break;
327 
328 		case CPUID_0000_0007:
329 			regs[0] = 0;
330 			regs[1] = 0;
331 			regs[2] = 0;
332 			regs[3] = 0;
333 
334 			/* leaf 0 */
335 			if (*ecx == 0) {
336 				cpuid_count(*eax, *ecx, regs);
337 
338 				/* Only leaf 0 is supported */
339 				regs[0] = 0;
340 
341 				/*
342 				 * Expose known-safe features.
343 				 */
344 				regs[1] &= (CPUID_STDEXT_FSGSBASE |
345 				    CPUID_STDEXT_BMI1 | CPUID_STDEXT_HLE |
346 				    CPUID_STDEXT_AVX2 | CPUID_STDEXT_BMI2 |
347 				    CPUID_STDEXT_ERMS | CPUID_STDEXT_RTM |
348 				    CPUID_STDEXT_AVX512F |
349 				    CPUID_STDEXT_AVX512PF |
350 				    CPUID_STDEXT_AVX512ER |
351 				    CPUID_STDEXT_AVX512CD);
352 				regs[2] = 0;
353 				regs[3] = 0;
354 
355 				/* Advertise INVPCID if it is enabled. */
356 				error = vm_get_capability(vm, vcpu_id,
357 				    VM_CAP_ENABLE_INVPCID, &enable_invpcid);
358 				if (error == 0 && enable_invpcid)
359 					regs[1] |= CPUID_STDEXT_INVPCID;
360 			}
361 			break;
362 
363 		case CPUID_0000_0006:
364 			regs[0] = CPUTPM1_ARAT;
365 			regs[1] = 0;
366 			regs[2] = 0;
367 			regs[3] = 0;
368 			break;
369 
370 		case CPUID_0000_000A:
371 			/*
372 			 * Handle the access, but report 0 for
373 			 * all options
374 			 */
375 			regs[0] = 0;
376 			regs[1] = 0;
377 			regs[2] = 0;
378 			regs[3] = 0;
379 			break;
380 
381 		case CPUID_0000_000B:
382 			/*
383 			 * Processor topology enumeration
384 			 */
385 			if (*ecx == 0) {
386 				logical_cpus = threads_per_core;
387 				width = log2(logical_cpus);
388 				level = CPUID_TYPE_SMT;
389 				x2apic_id = vcpu_id;
390 			}
391 
392 			if (*ecx == 1) {
393 				logical_cpus = threads_per_core *
394 				    cores_per_package;
395 				width = log2(logical_cpus);
396 				level = CPUID_TYPE_CORE;
397 				x2apic_id = vcpu_id;
398 			}
399 
400 			if (!cpuid_leaf_b || *ecx >= 2) {
401 				width = 0;
402 				logical_cpus = 0;
403 				level = 0;
404 				x2apic_id = 0;
405 			}
406 
407 			regs[0] = width & 0x1f;
408 			regs[1] = logical_cpus & 0xffff;
409 			regs[2] = (level << 8) | (*ecx & 0xff);
410 			regs[3] = x2apic_id;
411 			break;
412 
413 		case CPUID_0000_000D:
414 			limits = vmm_get_xsave_limits();
415 			if (!limits->xsave_enabled) {
416 				regs[0] = 0;
417 				regs[1] = 0;
418 				regs[2] = 0;
419 				regs[3] = 0;
420 				break;
421 			}
422 
423 			cpuid_count(*eax, *ecx, regs);
424 			switch (*ecx) {
425 			case 0:
426 				/*
427 				 * Only permit the guest to use bits
428 				 * that are active in the host in
429 				 * %xcr0.  Also, claim that the
430 				 * maximum save area size is
431 				 * equivalent to the host's current
432 				 * save area size.  Since this runs
433 				 * "inside" of vmrun(), it runs with
434 				 * the guest's xcr0, so the current
435 				 * save area size is correct as-is.
436 				 */
437 				regs[0] &= limits->xcr0_allowed;
438 				regs[2] = limits->xsave_max_size;
439 				regs[3] &= (limits->xcr0_allowed >> 32);
440 				break;
441 			case 1:
442 				/* Only permit XSAVEOPT. */
443 				regs[0] &= CPUID_EXTSTATE_XSAVEOPT;
444 				regs[1] = 0;
445 				regs[2] = 0;
446 				regs[3] = 0;
447 				break;
448 			default:
449 				/*
450 				 * If the leaf is for a permitted feature,
451 				 * pass through as-is, otherwise return
452 				 * all zeroes.
453 				 */
454 				if (!(limits->xcr0_allowed & (1ul << *ecx))) {
455 					regs[0] = 0;
456 					regs[1] = 0;
457 					regs[2] = 0;
458 					regs[3] = 0;
459 				}
460 				break;
461 			}
462 			break;
463 
464 		case 0x40000000:
465 			regs[0] = CPUID_VM_HIGH;
466 			bcopy(bhyve_id, &regs[1], 4);
467 			bcopy(bhyve_id + 4, &regs[2], 4);
468 			bcopy(bhyve_id + 8, &regs[3], 4);
469 			break;
470 
471 		default:
472 			/*
473 			 * The leaf value has already been clamped so
474 			 * simply pass this through, keeping count of
475 			 * how many unhandled leaf values have been seen.
476 			 */
477 			atomic_add_long(&bhyve_xcpuids, 1);
478 			cpuid_count(*eax, *ecx, regs);
479 			break;
480 	}
481 
482 	*eax = regs[0];
483 	*ebx = regs[1];
484 	*ecx = regs[2];
485 	*edx = regs[3];
486 
487 	return (1);
488 }
489