xref: /freebsd/stand/libsa/geli/geliboot.c (revision e87ec409fa9b21abf79895837fe375ab3d7e408a)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2015 Allan Jude <allanjude@FreeBSD.org>
3  * Copyright (c) 2005-2011 Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pawel@dawidek.net>
4  * All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
16  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
18  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
19  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
20  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
21  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
22  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
23  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
24  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
25  * SUCH DAMAGE.
26  *
27  * $FreeBSD$
28  */
29 
30 #include <stand.h>
31 #include <stdarg.h>
32 #include "geliboot.h"
33 #include "geliboot_internal.h"
34 
35 struct known_dev {
36 	char			name[GELIDEV_NAMELEN];
37 	struct geli_dev 	*gdev;
38 	SLIST_ENTRY(known_dev)	entries;
39 };
40 
41 SLIST_HEAD(known_dev_list, known_dev) known_devs_head =
42     SLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(known_devs_head);
43 
44 static geli_ukey saved_keys[GELI_MAX_KEYS];
45 static unsigned int nsaved_keys = 0;
46 
47 /*
48  * Copy keys from local storage to the keybuf struct.
49  * Destroy the local storage when finished.
50  */
51 void
52 geli_export_key_buffer(struct keybuf *fkeybuf)
53 {
54 	unsigned int i;
55 
56 	for (i = 0; i < nsaved_keys; i++) {
57 		fkeybuf->kb_ents[i].ke_type = KEYBUF_TYPE_GELI;
58 		memcpy(fkeybuf->kb_ents[i].ke_data, saved_keys[i],
59 		    G_ELI_USERKEYLEN);
60 	}
61 	fkeybuf->kb_nents = nsaved_keys;
62 	explicit_bzero(saved_keys, sizeof(saved_keys));
63 }
64 
65 /*
66  * Copy keys from a keybuf struct into local storage.
67  * Zero out the keybuf.
68  */
69 void
70 geli_import_key_buffer(struct keybuf *skeybuf)
71 {
72 	unsigned int i;
73 
74 	for (i = 0; i < skeybuf->kb_nents && i < GELI_MAX_KEYS; i++) {
75 		memcpy(saved_keys[i], skeybuf->kb_ents[i].ke_data,
76 		    G_ELI_USERKEYLEN);
77 		explicit_bzero(skeybuf->kb_ents[i].ke_data,
78 		    G_ELI_USERKEYLEN);
79 		skeybuf->kb_ents[i].ke_type = KEYBUF_TYPE_NONE;
80 	}
81 	nsaved_keys = skeybuf->kb_nents;
82 	skeybuf->kb_nents = 0;
83 }
84 
85 void
86 geli_add_key(geli_ukey key)
87 {
88 
89 	/*
90 	 * If we run out of key space, the worst that will happen is
91 	 * it will ask the user for the password again.
92 	 */
93 	if (nsaved_keys < GELI_MAX_KEYS) {
94 		memcpy(saved_keys[nsaved_keys], key, G_ELI_USERKEYLEN);
95 		nsaved_keys++;
96 	}
97 }
98 
99 static int
100 geli_findkey(struct geli_dev *gdev, u_char *mkey)
101 {
102 	u_int keynum;
103 	int i;
104 
105 	if (gdev->keybuf_slot >= 0) {
106 		if (g_eli_mkey_decrypt_any(&gdev->md, saved_keys[gdev->keybuf_slot],
107 		    mkey, &keynum) == 0) {
108 			return (0);
109 		}
110 	}
111 
112 	for (i = 0; i < nsaved_keys; i++) {
113 		if (g_eli_mkey_decrypt_any(&gdev->md, saved_keys[i], mkey,
114 		    &keynum) == 0) {
115 			gdev->keybuf_slot = i;
116 			return (0);
117 		}
118 	}
119 
120 	return (1);
121 }
122 
123 /*
124  * Read the last sector of a drive or partition and see if it is GELI encrypted.
125  */
126 struct geli_dev *
127 geli_taste(geli_readfunc readfunc, void *readpriv, daddr_t lastsector,
128     const char *namefmt, ...)
129 {
130 	va_list args;
131 	struct g_eli_metadata md;
132 	struct known_dev *kdev;
133 	struct geli_dev *gdev;
134 	u_char *buf;
135 	char devname[GELIDEV_NAMELEN];
136 	int error;
137 	off_t alignsector;
138 
139 	/*
140 	 * Format the name into a temp buffer and use that to search for an
141 	 * existing known_dev instance.  If not found, this has the side effect
142 	 * of initializing kdev to NULL.
143 	 */
144 	va_start(args, namefmt);
145 	vsnprintf(devname, sizeof(devname), namefmt, args);
146 	va_end(args);
147 	SLIST_FOREACH(kdev, &known_devs_head, entries) {
148 		if (strcmp(kdev->name, devname) == 0)
149 			return (kdev->gdev);
150 	}
151 
152         /* Determine whether the new device is geli-encrypted... */
153 	if ((buf = malloc(DEV_GELIBOOT_BSIZE)) == NULL)
154 		goto out;
155 	alignsector = rounddown2(lastsector * DEV_BSIZE, DEV_GELIBOOT_BSIZE);
156 	if (alignsector + DEV_GELIBOOT_BSIZE > ((lastsector + 1) * DEV_BSIZE)) {
157 		/* Don't read past the end of the disk */
158 		alignsector = (lastsector * DEV_BSIZE) + DEV_BSIZE -
159 		    DEV_GELIBOOT_BSIZE;
160 	}
161 	error = readfunc(NULL, readpriv, alignsector, buf, DEV_GELIBOOT_BSIZE);
162 	if (error != 0) {
163 		goto out;
164 	}
165 
166 	/*
167 	 * We have a new known_device.  Whether it's geli-encrypted or not,
168 	 * record its existence so we can avoid doing IO to probe it next time.
169 	 */
170 	if ((kdev = malloc(sizeof(*kdev))) == NULL)
171 		goto out;
172 	strlcpy(kdev->name, devname, sizeof(kdev->name));
173 	kdev->gdev = NULL;
174 	SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&known_devs_head, kdev, entries);
175 
176 	/* Extract the last 4k sector of the disk. */
177 	error = eli_metadata_decode(buf, &md);
178 	if (error != 0) {
179 		/* Try the last 512 byte sector instead. */
180 		error = eli_metadata_decode(buf +
181 		    (DEV_GELIBOOT_BSIZE - DEV_BSIZE), &md);
182 		if (error != 0) {
183 			goto out;
184 		}
185 	}
186 
187 	if (!(md.md_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_GELIBOOT)) {
188 		/* The GELIBOOT feature is not activated */
189 		goto out;
190 	}
191 	if ((md.md_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_ONETIME)) {
192 		/* Swap device, skip it. */
193 		goto out;
194 	}
195 
196 	/*
197 	 * It's geli-encrypted, create a geli_dev for it and link it into the
198 	 * known_dev instance.
199 	 */
200 	gdev = malloc(sizeof(struct geli_dev));
201 	if (gdev == NULL)
202 		goto out;
203 	gdev->part_end = lastsector;
204 	gdev->keybuf_slot = -1;
205 	gdev->md = md;
206 	gdev->name = kdev->name;
207 	eli_metadata_softc(&gdev->sc, &md, DEV_BSIZE,
208 	    (lastsector + DEV_BSIZE) * DEV_BSIZE);
209 	kdev->gdev = gdev;
210 out:
211 	free(buf);
212 	if (kdev == NULL)
213 		return (NULL);
214 	return (kdev->gdev);
215 }
216 
217 /*
218  * Attempt to decrypt the device.  This will try existing keys first, then will
219  * prompt for a passphrase if there are no existing keys that work.
220  */
221 static int
222 geli_probe(struct geli_dev *gdev, const char *passphrase, u_char *mkeyp)
223 {
224 	u_char key[G_ELI_USERKEYLEN], mkey[G_ELI_DATAIVKEYLEN], *mkp;
225 	u_int keynum;
226 	struct hmac_ctx ctx;
227 	int error;
228 
229 	if (mkeyp != NULL) {
230 		memcpy(&mkey, mkeyp, G_ELI_DATAIVKEYLEN);
231 		explicit_bzero(mkeyp, G_ELI_DATAIVKEYLEN);
232 		goto found_key;
233 	}
234 
235 	if (geli_findkey(gdev, mkey) == 0) {
236 		goto found_key;
237 	}
238 
239 	g_eli_crypto_hmac_init(&ctx, NULL, 0);
240 	/*
241 	 * Prepare Derived-Key from the user passphrase.
242 	 */
243 	if (gdev->md.md_iterations < 0) {
244 		/* XXX TODO: Support loading key files. */
245 		return (1);
246 	} else if (gdev->md.md_iterations == 0) {
247 		g_eli_crypto_hmac_update(&ctx, gdev->md.md_salt,
248 		    sizeof(gdev->md.md_salt));
249 		g_eli_crypto_hmac_update(&ctx, (const uint8_t *)passphrase,
250 		    strlen(passphrase));
251 	} else if (gdev->md.md_iterations > 0) {
252 		printf("Calculating GELI Decryption Key for %s %d"
253 		    " iterations...\n", gdev->name, gdev->md.md_iterations);
254 		u_char dkey[G_ELI_USERKEYLEN];
255 
256 		pkcs5v2_genkey(dkey, sizeof(dkey), gdev->md.md_salt,
257 		    sizeof(gdev->md.md_salt), passphrase,
258 		    gdev->md.md_iterations);
259 		g_eli_crypto_hmac_update(&ctx, dkey, sizeof(dkey));
260 		explicit_bzero(dkey, sizeof(dkey));
261 	}
262 
263 	g_eli_crypto_hmac_final(&ctx, key, 0);
264 
265 	error = g_eli_mkey_decrypt_any(&gdev->md, key, mkey, &keynum);
266 	if (error == -1) {
267 		explicit_bzero(mkey, sizeof(mkey));
268 		explicit_bzero(key, sizeof(key));
269 		printf("Bad GELI key: bad password?\n");
270 		return (error);
271 	} else if (error != 0) {
272 		explicit_bzero(mkey, sizeof(mkey));
273 		explicit_bzero(key, sizeof(key));
274 		printf("Failed to decrypt GELI master key: %d\n", error);
275 		return (error);
276 	} else {
277 		/* Add key to keychain */
278 		geli_add_key(key);
279 		explicit_bzero(&key, sizeof(key));
280 	}
281 
282 found_key:
283 	/* Store the keys */
284 	bcopy(mkey, gdev->sc.sc_mkey, sizeof(gdev->sc.sc_mkey));
285 	bcopy(mkey, gdev->sc.sc_ivkey, sizeof(gdev->sc.sc_ivkey));
286 	mkp = mkey + sizeof(gdev->sc.sc_ivkey);
287 	if ((gdev->sc.sc_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_AUTH) == 0) {
288 		bcopy(mkp, gdev->sc.sc_ekey, G_ELI_DATAKEYLEN);
289 	} else {
290 		/*
291 		 * The encryption key is: ekey = HMAC_SHA512(Data-Key, 0x10)
292 		 */
293 		g_eli_crypto_hmac(mkp, G_ELI_MAXKEYLEN, (const uint8_t *)"\x10", 1,
294 		    gdev->sc.sc_ekey, 0);
295 	}
296 	explicit_bzero(mkey, sizeof(mkey));
297 
298 	/* Initialize the per-sector IV. */
299 	switch (gdev->sc.sc_ealgo) {
300 	case CRYPTO_AES_XTS:
301 		break;
302 	default:
303 		SHA256_Init(&gdev->sc.sc_ivctx);
304 		SHA256_Update(&gdev->sc.sc_ivctx, gdev->sc.sc_ivkey,
305 		    sizeof(gdev->sc.sc_ivkey));
306 		break;
307 	}
308 
309 	return (0);
310 }
311 
312 int
313 geli_io(struct geli_dev *gdev, geli_op_t enc, off_t offset, u_char *buf,
314     size_t bytes)
315 {
316 	u_char iv[G_ELI_IVKEYLEN];
317 	u_char *pbuf;
318 	int error;
319 	off_t dstoff;
320 	uint64_t keyno;
321 	size_t n, nsec, secsize;
322 	struct g_eli_key gkey;
323 
324 	pbuf = buf;
325 
326 	secsize = gdev->sc.sc_sectorsize;
327 	nsec = bytes / secsize;
328 	if (nsec == 0) {
329 		/*
330 		 * A read of less than the GELI sector size has been
331 		 * requested. The caller provided destination buffer may
332 		 * not be big enough to boost the read to a full sector,
333 		 * so just attempt to decrypt the truncated sector.
334 		 */
335 		secsize = bytes;
336 		nsec = 1;
337 	}
338 
339 	for (n = 0, dstoff = offset; n < nsec; n++, dstoff += secsize) {
340 
341 		g_eli_crypto_ivgen(&gdev->sc, dstoff, iv, G_ELI_IVKEYLEN);
342 
343 		/* Get the key that corresponds to this offset. */
344 		keyno = (dstoff >> G_ELI_KEY_SHIFT) / secsize;
345 		g_eli_key_fill(&gdev->sc, &gkey, keyno);
346 
347 		error = geliboot_crypt(gdev->sc.sc_ealgo, enc, pbuf, secsize,
348 		    gkey.gek_key, gdev->sc.sc_ekeylen, iv);
349 
350 		if (error != 0) {
351 			explicit_bzero(&gkey, sizeof(gkey));
352 			printf("%s: Failed to %s!", __func__,
353 			    enc ? "encrypt" : "decrypt");
354 			return (error);
355 		}
356 		pbuf += secsize;
357 	}
358 	explicit_bzero(&gkey, sizeof(gkey));
359 	return (0);
360 }
361 
362 int
363 geli_havekey(struct geli_dev *gdev)
364 {
365 	u_char mkey[G_ELI_DATAIVKEYLEN];
366 	int err;
367 
368 	err = ENOENT;
369 	if (geli_findkey(gdev, mkey) == 0) {
370 		if (geli_probe(gdev, NULL, mkey) == 0)
371 			err = 0;
372 		explicit_bzero(mkey, sizeof(mkey));
373 	}
374 	return (err);
375 }
376 
377 int
378 geli_passphrase(struct geli_dev *gdev, char *pw)
379 {
380 	int i;
381 
382 	/* TODO: Implement GELI keyfile(s) support */
383 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
384 		/* Try cached passphrase */
385 		if (i == 0 && pw[0] != '\0') {
386 			if (geli_probe(gdev, pw, NULL) == 0) {
387 				return (0);
388 			}
389 		}
390 		printf("GELI Passphrase for %s ", gdev->name);
391 		pwgets(pw, GELI_PW_MAXLEN,
392 		    (gdev->md.md_flags & G_ELI_FLAG_GELIDISPLAYPASS) == 0);
393 		printf("\n");
394 		if (geli_probe(gdev, pw, NULL) == 0) {
395 			return (0);
396 		}
397 	}
398 
399 	return (1);
400 }
401