1 /*- 2 * Copyright (c) 1998 Michael Smith <msmith@freebsd.org> 3 * Copyright (c) 2012 Andrey V. Elsukov <ae@FreeBSD.org> 4 * All rights reserved. 5 * 6 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8 * are met: 9 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14 * 15 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 16 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 17 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 18 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 19 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 20 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 21 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 22 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 23 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 24 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 25 * SUCH DAMAGE. 26 */ 27 28 /* 29 * BIOS disk device handling. 30 * 31 * Ideas and algorithms from: 32 * 33 * - NetBSD libi386/biosdisk.c 34 * - FreeBSD biosboot/disk.c 35 * 36 */ 37 38 #include <sys/disk.h> 39 #include <sys/limits.h> 40 #include <sys/queue.h> 41 #include <stand.h> 42 #include <machine/bootinfo.h> 43 #include <stdarg.h> 44 #include <stdbool.h> 45 46 #include <bootstrap.h> 47 #include <btxv86.h> 48 #include <edd.h> 49 #include "disk.h" 50 #include "libi386.h" 51 52 #define BIOS_NUMDRIVES 0x475 53 #define BIOSDISK_SECSIZE 512 54 #define BUFSIZE (1 * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE) 55 56 #define DT_ATAPI 0x10 /* disk type for ATAPI floppies */ 57 #define WDMAJOR 0 /* major numbers for devices we frontend for */ 58 #define WFDMAJOR 1 59 #define FDMAJOR 2 60 #define DAMAJOR 4 61 #define ACDMAJOR 117 62 #define CDMAJOR 15 63 64 /* 65 * INT13 commands 66 */ 67 #define CMD_RESET 0x0000 68 #define CMD_READ_CHS 0x0200 69 #define CMD_WRITE_CHS 0x0300 70 #define CMD_READ_PARAM 0x0800 71 #define CMD_DRIVE_TYPE 0x1500 72 #define CMD_CHECK_EDD 0x4100 73 #define CMD_READ_LBA 0x4200 74 #define CMD_WRITE_LBA 0x4300 75 #define CMD_EXT_PARAM 0x4800 76 #define CMD_CD_GET_STATUS 0x4b01 77 78 #define DISK_BIOS 0x13 79 80 #ifdef DISK_DEBUG 81 #define DPRINTF(fmt, args...) printf("%s: " fmt "\n", __func__, ## args) 82 #else 83 #define DPRINTF(fmt, args...) ((void)0) 84 #endif 85 86 struct specification_packet { 87 uint8_t sp_size; 88 uint8_t sp_bootmedia; 89 uint8_t sp_drive; 90 uint8_t sp_controller; 91 uint32_t sp_lba; 92 uint16_t sp_devicespec; 93 uint16_t sp_buffersegment; 94 uint16_t sp_loadsegment; 95 uint16_t sp_sectorcount; 96 uint16_t sp_cylsec; 97 uint8_t sp_head; 98 uint8_t sp_dummy[16]; /* Avoid memory corruption */ 99 }; 100 101 /* 102 * List of BIOS devices, translation from disk unit number to 103 * BIOS unit number. 104 */ 105 typedef struct bdinfo 106 { 107 STAILQ_ENTRY(bdinfo) bd_link; /* link in device list */ 108 int bd_unit; /* BIOS unit number */ 109 int bd_cyl; /* BIOS geometry */ 110 int bd_hds; 111 int bd_sec; 112 int bd_flags; 113 #define BD_MODEINT13 0x0000 114 #define BD_MODEEDD1 0x0001 115 #define BD_MODEEDD3 0x0002 116 #define BD_MODEEDD (BD_MODEEDD1 | BD_MODEEDD3) 117 #define BD_MODEMASK 0x0003 118 #define BD_FLOPPY 0x0004 119 #define BD_CDROM 0x0008 120 #define BD_NO_MEDIA 0x0010 121 int bd_type; /* BIOS 'drive type' (floppy only) */ 122 uint16_t bd_sectorsize; /* Sector size */ 123 uint64_t bd_sectors; /* Disk size */ 124 int bd_open; /* reference counter */ 125 void *bd_bcache; /* buffer cache data */ 126 } bdinfo_t; 127 128 #define BD_RD 0 129 #define BD_WR 1 130 131 typedef STAILQ_HEAD(bdinfo_list, bdinfo) bdinfo_list_t; 132 static bdinfo_list_t fdinfo = STAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(fdinfo); 133 static bdinfo_list_t cdinfo = STAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(cdinfo); 134 static bdinfo_list_t hdinfo = STAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(hdinfo); 135 136 static void bd_io_workaround(bdinfo_t *); 137 static int bd_io(struct disk_devdesc *, bdinfo_t *, daddr_t, int, caddr_t, int); 138 static bool bd_int13probe(bdinfo_t *); 139 140 static int bd_init(void); 141 static int cd_init(void); 142 static int fd_init(void); 143 static int bd_strategy(void *devdata, int flag, daddr_t dblk, size_t size, 144 char *buf, size_t *rsize); 145 static int bd_realstrategy(void *devdata, int flag, daddr_t dblk, size_t size, 146 char *buf, size_t *rsize); 147 static int bd_open(struct open_file *f, ...); 148 static int bd_close(struct open_file *f); 149 static int bd_ioctl(struct open_file *f, u_long cmd, void *data); 150 static int bd_print(int verbose); 151 static int cd_print(int verbose); 152 static int fd_print(int verbose); 153 static void bd_reset_disk(int); 154 static int bd_get_diskinfo_std(struct bdinfo *); 155 156 struct devsw biosfd = { 157 .dv_name = "fd", 158 .dv_type = DEVT_FD, 159 .dv_init = fd_init, 160 .dv_strategy = bd_strategy, 161 .dv_open = bd_open, 162 .dv_close = bd_close, 163 .dv_ioctl = bd_ioctl, 164 .dv_print = fd_print, 165 .dv_cleanup = nullsys, 166 }; 167 168 struct devsw bioscd = { 169 .dv_name = "cd", 170 .dv_type = DEVT_CD, 171 .dv_init = cd_init, 172 .dv_strategy = bd_strategy, 173 .dv_open = bd_open, 174 .dv_close = bd_close, 175 .dv_ioctl = bd_ioctl, 176 .dv_print = cd_print, 177 .dv_cleanup = nullsys, 178 }; 179 180 struct devsw bioshd = { 181 .dv_name = "disk", 182 .dv_type = DEVT_DISK, 183 .dv_init = bd_init, 184 .dv_strategy = bd_strategy, 185 .dv_open = bd_open, 186 .dv_close = bd_close, 187 .dv_ioctl = bd_ioctl, 188 .dv_print = bd_print, 189 .dv_cleanup = nullsys, 190 .dv_fmtdev = disk_fmtdev, 191 .dv_parsedev = disk_parsedev, 192 }; 193 194 static bdinfo_list_t * 195 bd_get_bdinfo_list(struct devsw *dev) 196 { 197 if (dev->dv_type == DEVT_DISK) 198 return (&hdinfo); 199 if (dev->dv_type == DEVT_CD) 200 return (&cdinfo); 201 if (dev->dv_type == DEVT_FD) 202 return (&fdinfo); 203 return (NULL); 204 } 205 206 /* XXX this gets called way way too often, investigate */ 207 static bdinfo_t * 208 bd_get_bdinfo(struct devdesc *dev) 209 { 210 bdinfo_list_t *bdi; 211 bdinfo_t *bd = NULL; 212 int unit; 213 214 bdi = bd_get_bdinfo_list(dev->d_dev); 215 if (bdi == NULL) 216 return (bd); 217 218 unit = 0; 219 STAILQ_FOREACH(bd, bdi, bd_link) { 220 if (unit == dev->d_unit) 221 return (bd); 222 unit++; 223 } 224 return (bd); 225 } 226 227 /* 228 * Translate between BIOS device numbers and our private unit numbers. 229 */ 230 int 231 bd_bios2unit(int biosdev) 232 { 233 bdinfo_list_t *bdi[] = { &fdinfo, &cdinfo, &hdinfo, NULL }; 234 bdinfo_t *bd; 235 int i, unit; 236 237 DPRINTF("looking for bios device 0x%x", biosdev); 238 for (i = 0; bdi[i] != NULL; i++) { 239 unit = 0; 240 STAILQ_FOREACH(bd, bdi[i], bd_link) { 241 if (bd->bd_unit == biosdev) { 242 DPRINTF("bd unit %d is BIOS device 0x%x", unit, 243 bd->bd_unit); 244 return (unit); 245 } 246 unit++; 247 } 248 } 249 return (-1); 250 } 251 252 int 253 bd_unit2bios(struct i386_devdesc *dev) 254 { 255 bdinfo_list_t *bdi; 256 bdinfo_t *bd; 257 int unit; 258 259 bdi = bd_get_bdinfo_list(dev->dd.d_dev); 260 if (bdi == NULL) 261 return (-1); 262 263 unit = 0; 264 STAILQ_FOREACH(bd, bdi, bd_link) { 265 if (unit == dev->dd.d_unit) 266 return (bd->bd_unit); 267 unit++; 268 } 269 return (-1); 270 } 271 272 /* 273 * Use INT13 AH=15 - Read Drive Type. 274 */ 275 static int 276 fd_count(void) 277 { 278 int drive; 279 280 for (drive = 0; drive < MAXBDDEV; drive++) { 281 bd_reset_disk(drive); 282 283 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 284 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 285 v86.eax = CMD_DRIVE_TYPE; 286 v86.edx = drive; 287 v86int(); 288 289 if (V86_CY(v86.efl)) 290 break; 291 292 if ((v86.eax & 0x300) == 0) 293 break; 294 } 295 296 return (drive); 297 } 298 299 /* 300 * Quiz the BIOS for disk devices, save a little info about them. 301 */ 302 static int 303 fd_init(void) 304 { 305 int unit, numfd; 306 bdinfo_t *bd; 307 308 numfd = fd_count(); 309 for (unit = 0; unit < numfd; unit++) { 310 if ((bd = calloc(1, sizeof(*bd))) == NULL) 311 break; 312 313 bd->bd_sectorsize = BIOSDISK_SECSIZE; 314 bd->bd_flags = BD_FLOPPY; 315 bd->bd_unit = unit; 316 317 /* Use std diskinfo for floppy drive */ 318 if (bd_get_diskinfo_std(bd) != 0) { 319 free(bd); 320 break; 321 } 322 if (bd->bd_sectors == 0) 323 bd->bd_flags |= BD_NO_MEDIA; 324 325 printf("BIOS drive %c: is %s%d\n", ('A' + unit), 326 biosfd.dv_name, unit); 327 328 STAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&fdinfo, bd, bd_link); 329 } 330 331 bcache_add_dev(unit); 332 return (0); 333 } 334 335 static int 336 bd_init(void) 337 { 338 int base, unit; 339 bdinfo_t *bd; 340 341 TSENTER(); 342 343 base = 0x80; 344 for (unit = 0; unit < *(unsigned char *)PTOV(BIOS_NUMDRIVES); unit++) { 345 /* 346 * Check the BIOS equipment list for number of fixed disks. 347 */ 348 if ((bd = calloc(1, sizeof(*bd))) == NULL) 349 break; 350 bd->bd_unit = base + unit; 351 if (!bd_int13probe(bd)) { 352 free(bd); 353 break; 354 } 355 356 printf("BIOS drive %c: is %s%d\n", ('C' + unit), 357 bioshd.dv_name, unit); 358 359 STAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&hdinfo, bd, bd_link); 360 } 361 bcache_add_dev(unit); 362 TSEXIT(); 363 return (0); 364 } 365 366 /* 367 * We can't quiz, we have to be told what device to use, so this function 368 * doesn't do anything. Instead, the loader calls bc_add() with the BIOS 369 * device number to add. 370 */ 371 static int 372 cd_init(void) 373 { 374 375 return (0); 376 } 377 378 /* 379 * Information from bootable CD-ROM. 380 */ 381 static int 382 bd_get_diskinfo_cd(struct bdinfo *bd) 383 { 384 struct specification_packet bc_sp; 385 int ret = -1; 386 387 (void) memset(&bc_sp, 0, sizeof (bc_sp)); 388 /* Set sp_size as per specification. */ 389 bc_sp.sp_size = sizeof (bc_sp) - sizeof (bc_sp.sp_dummy); 390 391 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 392 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 393 v86.eax = CMD_CD_GET_STATUS; 394 v86.edx = bd->bd_unit; 395 v86.ds = VTOPSEG(&bc_sp); 396 v86.esi = VTOPOFF(&bc_sp); 397 v86int(); 398 399 if ((v86.eax & 0xff00) == 0 && 400 bc_sp.sp_drive == bd->bd_unit) { 401 bd->bd_cyl = ((bc_sp.sp_cylsec & 0xc0) << 2) + 402 ((bc_sp.sp_cylsec & 0xff00) >> 8) + 1; 403 bd->bd_sec = bc_sp.sp_cylsec & 0x3f; 404 bd->bd_hds = bc_sp.sp_head + 1; 405 bd->bd_sectors = (uint64_t)bd->bd_cyl * bd->bd_hds * bd->bd_sec; 406 407 if (bc_sp.sp_bootmedia & 0x0F) { 408 /* Floppy or hard-disk emulation */ 409 bd->bd_sectorsize = BIOSDISK_SECSIZE; 410 return (-1); 411 } else { 412 bd->bd_sectorsize = 2048; 413 bd->bd_flags = BD_MODEEDD | BD_CDROM; 414 ret = 0; 415 } 416 } 417 418 /* 419 * If this is the boot_drive, default to non-emulation bootable CD-ROM. 420 */ 421 if (ret != 0 && bd->bd_unit >= 0x88) { 422 bd->bd_cyl = 0; 423 bd->bd_hds = 1; 424 bd->bd_sec = 15; 425 bd->bd_sectorsize = 2048; 426 bd->bd_flags = BD_MODEEDD | BD_CDROM; 427 bd->bd_sectors = 0; 428 ret = 0; 429 } 430 431 /* 432 * Note we can not use bd_get_diskinfo_ext() nor bd_get_diskinfo_std() 433 * here - some systems do get hung with those. 434 */ 435 /* 436 * Still no size? use 7.961GB. The size does not really matter 437 * as long as it is reasonably large to make our reads to pass 438 * the sector count check. 439 */ 440 if (bd->bd_sectors == 0) 441 bd->bd_sectors = 4173824; 442 443 return (ret); 444 } 445 446 int 447 bc_add(int biosdev) 448 { 449 bdinfo_t *bd; 450 int nbcinfo = 0; 451 452 if (!STAILQ_EMPTY(&cdinfo)) 453 return (-1); 454 455 if ((bd = calloc(1, sizeof(*bd))) == NULL) 456 return (-1); 457 458 bd->bd_unit = biosdev; 459 if (bd_get_diskinfo_cd(bd) < 0) { 460 free(bd); 461 return (-1); 462 } 463 464 STAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&cdinfo, bd, bd_link); 465 printf("BIOS CD is cd%d\n", nbcinfo); 466 nbcinfo++; 467 bcache_add_dev(nbcinfo); /* register cd device in bcache */ 468 return(0); 469 } 470 471 /* 472 * Return EDD version or 0 if EDD is not supported on this drive. 473 */ 474 static int 475 bd_check_extensions(int unit) 476 { 477 /* do not use ext calls for floppy devices */ 478 if (unit < 0x80) 479 return (0); 480 481 /* Determine if we can use EDD with this device. */ 482 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 483 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 484 v86.eax = CMD_CHECK_EDD; 485 v86.edx = unit; 486 v86.ebx = EDD_QUERY_MAGIC; 487 v86int(); 488 489 if (V86_CY(v86.efl) || /* carry set */ 490 (v86.ebx & 0xffff) != EDD_INSTALLED) /* signature */ 491 return (0); 492 493 /* extended disk access functions (AH=42h-44h,47h,48h) supported */ 494 if ((v86.ecx & EDD_INTERFACE_FIXED_DISK) == 0) 495 return (0); 496 497 return ((v86.eax >> 8) & 0xff); 498 } 499 500 static void 501 bd_reset_disk(int unit) 502 { 503 /* reset disk */ 504 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 505 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 506 v86.eax = CMD_RESET; 507 v86.edx = unit; 508 v86int(); 509 } 510 511 /* 512 * Read CHS info. Return 0 on success, error otherwise. 513 */ 514 static int 515 bd_get_diskinfo_std(struct bdinfo *bd) 516 { 517 bzero(&v86, sizeof(v86)); 518 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 519 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 520 v86.eax = CMD_READ_PARAM; 521 v86.edx = bd->bd_unit; 522 v86int(); 523 524 if (V86_CY(v86.efl) && ((v86.eax & 0xff00) != 0)) 525 return ((v86.eax & 0xff00) >> 8); 526 527 /* return custom error on absurd sector number */ 528 if ((v86.ecx & 0x3f) == 0) 529 return (0x60); 530 531 bd->bd_cyl = ((v86.ecx & 0xc0) << 2) + ((v86.ecx & 0xff00) >> 8) + 1; 532 /* Convert max head # -> # of heads */ 533 bd->bd_hds = ((v86.edx & 0xff00) >> 8) + 1; 534 bd->bd_sec = v86.ecx & 0x3f; 535 bd->bd_type = v86.ebx; 536 bd->bd_sectors = (uint64_t)bd->bd_cyl * bd->bd_hds * bd->bd_sec; 537 538 return (0); 539 } 540 541 /* 542 * Read EDD info. Return 0 on success, error otherwise. 543 * 544 * Avoid stack corruption on some systems by adding extra bytes to 545 * params block. 546 */ 547 static int 548 bd_get_diskinfo_ext(struct bdinfo *bd) 549 { 550 struct disk_params { 551 struct edd_params head; 552 struct edd_device_path_v3 device_path; 553 uint8_t dummy[16]; 554 } __packed dparams; 555 struct edd_params *params; 556 uint64_t total; 557 558 params = &dparams.head; 559 560 /* Get disk params */ 561 bzero(&dparams, sizeof(dparams)); 562 params->len = sizeof(struct edd_params_v3); 563 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 564 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 565 v86.eax = CMD_EXT_PARAM; 566 v86.edx = bd->bd_unit; 567 v86.ds = VTOPSEG(&dparams); 568 v86.esi = VTOPOFF(&dparams); 569 v86int(); 570 571 if (V86_CY(v86.efl) && ((v86.eax & 0xff00) != 0)) 572 return ((v86.eax & 0xff00) >> 8); 573 574 /* 575 * Sector size must be a multiple of 512 bytes. 576 * An alternate test would be to check power of 2, 577 * powerof2(params.sector_size). 578 * 16K is largest read buffer we can use at this time. 579 */ 580 if (params->sector_size >= 512 && 581 params->sector_size <= 16384 && 582 (params->sector_size % BIOSDISK_SECSIZE) == 0) 583 bd->bd_sectorsize = params->sector_size; 584 585 bd->bd_cyl = params->cylinders; 586 bd->bd_hds = params->heads; 587 bd->bd_sec = params->sectors_per_track; 588 589 if (params->sectors != 0) { 590 total = params->sectors; 591 } else { 592 total = (uint64_t)params->cylinders * 593 params->heads * params->sectors_per_track; 594 } 595 bd->bd_sectors = total; 596 597 return (0); 598 } 599 600 /* 601 * Try to detect a device supported by the legacy int13 BIOS 602 */ 603 static bool 604 bd_int13probe(bdinfo_t *bd) 605 { 606 int edd, ret; 607 608 bd->bd_flags &= ~BD_NO_MEDIA; 609 610 if ((bd->bd_flags & BD_CDROM) != 0) { 611 return (bd_get_diskinfo_cd(bd) == 0); 612 } 613 614 edd = bd_check_extensions(bd->bd_unit); 615 if (edd == 0) 616 bd->bd_flags |= BD_MODEINT13; 617 else if (edd < 0x30) 618 bd->bd_flags |= BD_MODEEDD1; 619 else 620 bd->bd_flags |= BD_MODEEDD3; 621 622 /* Default sector size */ 623 if (bd->bd_sectorsize == 0) 624 bd->bd_sectorsize = BIOSDISK_SECSIZE; 625 626 /* 627 * Test if the floppy device is present, so we can avoid receiving 628 * bogus information from bd_get_diskinfo_std(). 629 */ 630 if (bd->bd_unit < 0x80) { 631 /* reset disk */ 632 bd_reset_disk(bd->bd_unit); 633 634 /* Get disk type */ 635 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 636 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 637 v86.eax = CMD_DRIVE_TYPE; 638 v86.edx = bd->bd_unit; 639 v86int(); 640 if (V86_CY(v86.efl) || (v86.eax & 0x300) == 0) 641 return (false); 642 } 643 644 ret = 1; 645 if (edd != 0) 646 ret = bd_get_diskinfo_ext(bd); 647 if (ret != 0 || bd->bd_sectors == 0) 648 ret = bd_get_diskinfo_std(bd); 649 650 if (ret != 0 && bd->bd_unit < 0x80) { 651 /* Set defaults for 1.44 floppy */ 652 bd->bd_cyl = 80; 653 bd->bd_hds = 2; 654 bd->bd_sec = 18; 655 bd->bd_sectors = 2880; 656 /* Since we are there, there most likely is no media */ 657 bd->bd_flags |= BD_NO_MEDIA; 658 ret = 0; 659 } 660 661 if (ret != 0) { 662 if (bd->bd_sectors != 0 && edd != 0) { 663 bd->bd_sec = 63; 664 bd->bd_hds = 255; 665 bd->bd_cyl = 666 (bd->bd_sectors + bd->bd_sec * bd->bd_hds - 1) / 667 bd->bd_sec * bd->bd_hds; 668 } else { 669 const char *dv_name; 670 671 if ((bd->bd_flags & BD_FLOPPY) != 0) 672 dv_name = biosfd.dv_name; 673 else 674 dv_name = bioshd.dv_name; 675 676 printf("Can not get information about %s unit %#x\n", 677 dv_name, bd->bd_unit); 678 return (false); 679 } 680 } 681 682 if (bd->bd_sec == 0) 683 bd->bd_sec = 63; 684 if (bd->bd_hds == 0) 685 bd->bd_hds = 255; 686 687 if (bd->bd_sectors == 0) 688 bd->bd_sectors = (uint64_t)bd->bd_cyl * bd->bd_hds * bd->bd_sec; 689 690 DPRINTF("unit 0x%x geometry %d/%d/%d\n", bd->bd_unit, bd->bd_cyl, 691 bd->bd_hds, bd->bd_sec); 692 693 return (true); 694 } 695 696 static int 697 bd_count(bdinfo_list_t *bdi) 698 { 699 bdinfo_t *bd; 700 int i; 701 702 i = 0; 703 STAILQ_FOREACH(bd, bdi, bd_link) 704 i++; 705 return (i); 706 } 707 708 /* 709 * Print information about disks 710 */ 711 static int 712 bd_print_common(struct devsw *dev, bdinfo_list_t *bdi, int verbose) 713 { 714 char line[80]; 715 struct disk_devdesc devd; 716 bdinfo_t *bd; 717 int i, ret = 0; 718 char drive; 719 720 if (STAILQ_EMPTY(bdi)) 721 return (0); 722 723 printf("%s devices:", dev->dv_name); 724 if ((ret = pager_output("\n")) != 0) 725 return (ret); 726 727 i = -1; 728 STAILQ_FOREACH(bd, bdi, bd_link) { 729 i++; 730 731 switch (dev->dv_type) { 732 case DEVT_FD: 733 drive = 'A'; 734 break; 735 case DEVT_CD: 736 drive = 'C' + bd_count(&hdinfo); 737 break; 738 default: 739 drive = 'C'; 740 break; 741 } 742 743 snprintf(line, sizeof(line), 744 " %s%d: BIOS drive %c (%s%ju X %u):\n", 745 dev->dv_name, i, drive + i, 746 (bd->bd_flags & BD_NO_MEDIA) == BD_NO_MEDIA ? 747 "no media, " : "", 748 (uintmax_t)bd->bd_sectors, 749 bd->bd_sectorsize); 750 if ((ret = pager_output(line)) != 0) 751 break; 752 753 if ((bd->bd_flags & BD_NO_MEDIA) == BD_NO_MEDIA) 754 continue; 755 756 if (dev->dv_type != DEVT_DISK) 757 continue; 758 759 devd.dd.d_dev = dev; 760 devd.dd.d_unit = i; 761 devd.d_slice = D_SLICENONE; 762 devd.d_partition = D_PARTNONE; 763 if (disk_open(&devd, 764 bd->bd_sectorsize * bd->bd_sectors, 765 bd->bd_sectorsize) == 0) { 766 snprintf(line, sizeof(line), " %s%d", 767 dev->dv_name, i); 768 ret = disk_print(&devd, line, verbose); 769 disk_close(&devd); 770 if (ret != 0) 771 break; 772 } 773 } 774 return (ret); 775 } 776 777 static int 778 fd_print(int verbose) 779 { 780 return (bd_print_common(&biosfd, &fdinfo, verbose)); 781 } 782 783 static int 784 bd_print(int verbose) 785 { 786 return (bd_print_common(&bioshd, &hdinfo, verbose)); 787 } 788 789 static int 790 cd_print(int verbose) 791 { 792 return (bd_print_common(&bioscd, &cdinfo, verbose)); 793 } 794 795 /* 796 * Read disk size from partition. 797 * This is needed to work around buggy BIOS systems returning 798 * wrong (truncated) disk media size. 799 * During bd_probe() we tested if the multiplication of bd_sectors 800 * would overflow so it should be safe to perform here. 801 */ 802 static uint64_t 803 bd_disk_get_sectors(struct disk_devdesc *dev) 804 { 805 bdinfo_t *bd; 806 struct disk_devdesc disk; 807 uint64_t size; 808 809 bd = bd_get_bdinfo(&dev->dd); 810 if (bd == NULL) 811 return (0); 812 813 disk.dd.d_dev = dev->dd.d_dev; 814 disk.dd.d_unit = dev->dd.d_unit; 815 disk.d_slice = D_SLICENONE; 816 disk.d_partition = D_PARTNONE; 817 disk.d_offset = 0; 818 819 size = bd->bd_sectors * bd->bd_sectorsize; 820 if (disk_open(&disk, size, bd->bd_sectorsize) == 0) { 821 (void) disk_ioctl(&disk, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &size); 822 disk_close(&disk); 823 } 824 return (size / bd->bd_sectorsize); 825 } 826 827 /* 828 * Attempt to open the disk described by (dev) for use by (f). 829 * 830 * Note that the philosophy here is "give them exactly what 831 * they ask for". This is necessary because being too "smart" 832 * about what the user might want leads to complications. 833 * (eg. given no slice or partition value, with a disk that is 834 * sliced - are they after the first BSD slice, or the DOS 835 * slice before it?) 836 */ 837 static int 838 bd_open(struct open_file *f, ...) 839 { 840 bdinfo_t *bd; 841 struct disk_devdesc *dev; 842 va_list ap; 843 int rc; 844 845 TSENTER(); 846 847 va_start(ap, f); 848 dev = va_arg(ap, struct disk_devdesc *); 849 va_end(ap); 850 851 bd = bd_get_bdinfo(&dev->dd); 852 if (bd == NULL) 853 return (EIO); 854 855 if ((bd->bd_flags & BD_NO_MEDIA) == BD_NO_MEDIA) { 856 if (!bd_int13probe(bd)) 857 return (EIO); 858 if ((bd->bd_flags & BD_NO_MEDIA) == BD_NO_MEDIA) 859 return (EIO); 860 } 861 if (bd->bd_bcache == NULL) 862 bd->bd_bcache = bcache_allocate(); 863 864 if (bd->bd_open == 0) 865 bd->bd_sectors = bd_disk_get_sectors(dev); 866 bd->bd_open++; 867 868 rc = 0; 869 if (dev->dd.d_dev->dv_type == DEVT_DISK) { 870 rc = disk_open(dev, bd->bd_sectors * bd->bd_sectorsize, 871 bd->bd_sectorsize); 872 if (rc != 0) { 873 bd->bd_open--; 874 if (bd->bd_open == 0) { 875 bcache_free(bd->bd_bcache); 876 bd->bd_bcache = NULL; 877 } 878 } 879 } 880 TSEXIT(); 881 return (rc); 882 } 883 884 static int 885 bd_close(struct open_file *f) 886 { 887 struct disk_devdesc *dev; 888 bdinfo_t *bd; 889 int rc = 0; 890 891 dev = (struct disk_devdesc *)f->f_devdata; 892 bd = bd_get_bdinfo(&dev->dd); 893 if (bd == NULL) 894 return (EIO); 895 896 bd->bd_open--; 897 if (bd->bd_open == 0) { 898 bcache_free(bd->bd_bcache); 899 bd->bd_bcache = NULL; 900 } 901 if (dev->dd.d_dev->dv_type == DEVT_DISK) 902 rc = disk_close(dev); 903 return (rc); 904 } 905 906 static int 907 bd_ioctl(struct open_file *f, u_long cmd, void *data) 908 { 909 bdinfo_t *bd; 910 struct disk_devdesc *dev; 911 int rc; 912 913 dev = (struct disk_devdesc *)f->f_devdata; 914 bd = bd_get_bdinfo(&dev->dd); 915 if (bd == NULL) 916 return (EIO); 917 918 if (dev->dd.d_dev->dv_type == DEVT_DISK) { 919 rc = disk_ioctl(dev, cmd, data); 920 if (rc != ENOTTY) 921 return (rc); 922 } 923 924 switch (cmd) { 925 case DIOCGSECTORSIZE: 926 *(uint32_t *)data = bd->bd_sectorsize; 927 break; 928 case DIOCGMEDIASIZE: 929 *(uint64_t *)data = bd->bd_sectors * bd->bd_sectorsize; 930 break; 931 default: 932 return (ENOTTY); 933 } 934 return (0); 935 } 936 937 static int 938 bd_strategy(void *devdata, int rw, daddr_t dblk, size_t size, 939 char *buf, size_t *rsize) 940 { 941 bdinfo_t *bd; 942 struct bcache_devdata bcd; 943 struct disk_devdesc *dev; 944 daddr_t offset; 945 946 dev = (struct disk_devdesc *)devdata; 947 bd = bd_get_bdinfo(&dev->dd); 948 if (bd == NULL) 949 return (EINVAL); 950 951 bcd.dv_strategy = bd_realstrategy; 952 bcd.dv_devdata = devdata; 953 bcd.dv_cache = bd->bd_bcache; 954 955 offset = 0; 956 if (dev->dd.d_dev->dv_type == DEVT_DISK) { 957 958 offset = dev->d_offset * bd->bd_sectorsize; 959 offset /= BIOSDISK_SECSIZE; 960 } 961 return (bcache_strategy(&bcd, rw, dblk + offset, size, 962 buf, rsize)); 963 } 964 965 static int 966 bd_realstrategy(void *devdata, int rw, daddr_t dblk, size_t size, 967 char *buf, size_t *rsize) 968 { 969 struct disk_devdesc *dev = (struct disk_devdesc *)devdata; 970 bdinfo_t *bd; 971 uint64_t disk_blocks, offset, d_offset; 972 size_t blks, blkoff, bsize, bio_size, rest; 973 caddr_t bbuf = NULL; 974 int rc; 975 976 bd = bd_get_bdinfo(&dev->dd); 977 if (bd == NULL || (bd->bd_flags & BD_NO_MEDIA) == BD_NO_MEDIA) 978 return (EIO); 979 980 /* 981 * First make sure the IO size is a multiple of 512 bytes. While we do 982 * process partial reads below, the strategy mechanism is built 983 * assuming IO is a multiple of 512B blocks. If the request is not 984 * a multiple of 512B blocks, it has to be some sort of bug. 985 */ 986 if (size == 0 || (size % BIOSDISK_SECSIZE) != 0) { 987 printf("bd_strategy: %d bytes I/O not multiple of %d\n", 988 size, BIOSDISK_SECSIZE); 989 return (EIO); 990 } 991 992 DPRINTF("open_disk %p", dev); 993 994 offset = dblk * BIOSDISK_SECSIZE; 995 dblk = offset / bd->bd_sectorsize; 996 blkoff = offset % bd->bd_sectorsize; 997 998 /* 999 * Check the value of the size argument. We do have quite small 1000 * heap (64MB), but we do not know good upper limit, so we check against 1001 * INT_MAX here. This will also protect us against possible overflows 1002 * while translating block count to bytes. 1003 */ 1004 if (size > INT_MAX) { 1005 DPRINTF("too large I/O: %zu bytes", size); 1006 return (EIO); 1007 } 1008 1009 blks = size / bd->bd_sectorsize; 1010 if (blks == 0 || (size % bd->bd_sectorsize) != 0) 1011 blks++; 1012 1013 if (dblk > dblk + blks) 1014 return (EIO); 1015 1016 if (rsize) 1017 *rsize = 0; 1018 1019 /* 1020 * Get disk blocks, this value is either for whole disk or for 1021 * partition. 1022 */ 1023 d_offset = 0; 1024 disk_blocks = 0; 1025 if (dev->dd.d_dev->dv_type == DEVT_DISK) { 1026 if (disk_ioctl(dev, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &disk_blocks) == 0) { 1027 /* DIOCGMEDIASIZE does return bytes. */ 1028 disk_blocks /= bd->bd_sectorsize; 1029 } 1030 d_offset = dev->d_offset; 1031 } 1032 if (disk_blocks == 0) 1033 disk_blocks = bd->bd_sectors * (bd->bd_sectorsize / 1034 BIOSDISK_SECSIZE) - d_offset; 1035 1036 /* Validate source block address. */ 1037 if (dblk < d_offset || dblk >= d_offset + disk_blocks) 1038 return (EIO); 1039 1040 /* 1041 * Truncate if we are crossing disk or partition end. 1042 */ 1043 if (dblk + blks >= d_offset + disk_blocks) { 1044 blks = d_offset + disk_blocks - dblk; 1045 size = blks * bd->bd_sectorsize; 1046 DPRINTF("short I/O %d", blks); 1047 } 1048 1049 bio_size = min(BIO_BUFFER_SIZE, size); 1050 while (bio_size > bd->bd_sectorsize) { 1051 bbuf = bio_alloc(bio_size); 1052 if (bbuf != NULL) 1053 break; 1054 bio_size -= bd->bd_sectorsize; 1055 } 1056 if (bbuf == NULL) { 1057 bio_size = V86_IO_BUFFER_SIZE; 1058 if (bio_size / bd->bd_sectorsize == 0) 1059 panic("BUG: Real mode buffer is too small"); 1060 1061 /* Use alternate 4k buffer */ 1062 bbuf = PTOV(V86_IO_BUFFER); 1063 } 1064 rest = size; 1065 rc = 0; 1066 while (blks > 0) { 1067 int x = min(blks, bio_size / bd->bd_sectorsize); 1068 1069 switch (rw & F_MASK) { 1070 case F_READ: 1071 DPRINTF("read %d from %lld to %p", x, dblk, buf); 1072 bsize = bd->bd_sectorsize * x - blkoff; 1073 if (rest < bsize) 1074 bsize = rest; 1075 1076 if ((rc = bd_io(dev, bd, dblk, x, bbuf, BD_RD)) != 0) { 1077 rc = EIO; 1078 goto error; 1079 } 1080 1081 bcopy(bbuf + blkoff, buf, bsize); 1082 break; 1083 case F_WRITE : 1084 DPRINTF("write %d from %lld to %p", x, dblk, buf); 1085 if (blkoff != 0) { 1086 /* 1087 * We got offset to sector, read 1 sector to 1088 * bbuf. 1089 */ 1090 x = 1; 1091 bsize = bd->bd_sectorsize - blkoff; 1092 bsize = min(bsize, rest); 1093 rc = bd_io(dev, bd, dblk, x, bbuf, BD_RD); 1094 } else if (rest < bd->bd_sectorsize) { 1095 /* 1096 * The remaining block is not full 1097 * sector. Read 1 sector to bbuf. 1098 */ 1099 x = 1; 1100 bsize = rest; 1101 rc = bd_io(dev, bd, dblk, x, bbuf, BD_RD); 1102 } else { 1103 /* We can write full sector(s). */ 1104 bsize = bd->bd_sectorsize * x; 1105 } 1106 /* 1107 * Put your Data In, Put your Data out, 1108 * Put your Data In, and shake it all about 1109 */ 1110 bcopy(buf, bbuf + blkoff, bsize); 1111 if ((rc = bd_io(dev, bd, dblk, x, bbuf, BD_WR)) != 0) { 1112 rc = EIO; 1113 goto error; 1114 } 1115 1116 break; 1117 default: 1118 /* DO NOTHING */ 1119 rc = EROFS; 1120 goto error; 1121 } 1122 1123 blkoff = 0; 1124 buf += bsize; 1125 rest -= bsize; 1126 blks -= x; 1127 dblk += x; 1128 } 1129 1130 if (rsize != NULL) 1131 *rsize = size; 1132 error: 1133 if (bbuf != PTOV(V86_IO_BUFFER)) 1134 bio_free(bbuf, bio_size); 1135 return (rc); 1136 } 1137 1138 static int 1139 bd_edd_io(bdinfo_t *bd, daddr_t dblk, int blks, caddr_t dest, 1140 int dowrite) 1141 { 1142 static struct edd_packet packet; 1143 1144 TSENTER(); 1145 1146 packet.len = sizeof(struct edd_packet); 1147 packet.count = blks; 1148 packet.off = VTOPOFF(dest); 1149 packet.seg = VTOPSEG(dest); 1150 packet.lba = dblk; 1151 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 1152 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 1153 if (dowrite == BD_WR) 1154 v86.eax = CMD_WRITE_LBA; /* maybe Write with verify 0x4302? */ 1155 else 1156 v86.eax = CMD_READ_LBA; 1157 v86.edx = bd->bd_unit; 1158 v86.ds = VTOPSEG(&packet); 1159 v86.esi = VTOPOFF(&packet); 1160 v86int(); 1161 if (V86_CY(v86.efl)) 1162 return (v86.eax >> 8); 1163 1164 TSEXIT(); 1165 return (0); 1166 } 1167 1168 static int 1169 bd_chs_io(bdinfo_t *bd, daddr_t dblk, int blks, caddr_t dest, 1170 int dowrite) 1171 { 1172 uint32_t x, bpc, cyl, hd, sec; 1173 1174 TSENTER(); 1175 1176 bpc = bd->bd_sec * bd->bd_hds; /* blocks per cylinder */ 1177 x = dblk; 1178 cyl = x / bpc; /* block # / blocks per cylinder */ 1179 x %= bpc; /* block offset into cylinder */ 1180 hd = x / bd->bd_sec; /* offset / blocks per track */ 1181 sec = x % bd->bd_sec; /* offset into track */ 1182 1183 /* correct sector number for 1-based BIOS numbering */ 1184 sec++; 1185 1186 if (cyl > 1023) { 1187 /* CHS doesn't support cylinders > 1023. */ 1188 return (1); 1189 } 1190 1191 v86.ctl = V86_FLAGS; 1192 v86.addr = DISK_BIOS; 1193 if (dowrite == BD_WR) 1194 v86.eax = CMD_WRITE_CHS | blks; 1195 else 1196 v86.eax = CMD_READ_CHS | blks; 1197 v86.ecx = ((cyl & 0xff) << 8) | ((cyl & 0x300) >> 2) | sec; 1198 v86.edx = (hd << 8) | bd->bd_unit; 1199 v86.es = VTOPSEG(dest); 1200 v86.ebx = VTOPOFF(dest); 1201 v86int(); 1202 if (V86_CY(v86.efl)) 1203 return (v86.eax >> 8); 1204 TSEXIT(); 1205 return (0); 1206 } 1207 1208 static void 1209 bd_io_workaround(bdinfo_t *bd) 1210 { 1211 uint8_t buf[8 * 1024]; 1212 1213 bd_edd_io(bd, 0xffffffff, 1, (caddr_t)buf, BD_RD); 1214 } 1215 1216 static int 1217 bd_io(struct disk_devdesc *dev, bdinfo_t *bd, daddr_t dblk, int blks, 1218 caddr_t dest, int dowrite) 1219 { 1220 int result, retry; 1221 1222 TSENTER(); 1223 1224 /* Just in case some idiot actually tries to read/write -1 blocks... */ 1225 if (blks < 0) 1226 return (-1); 1227 1228 /* 1229 * Workaround for a problem with some HP ProLiant BIOS failing to work 1230 * out the boot disk after installation. hrs and kuriyama discovered 1231 * this problem with an HP ProLiant DL320e Gen 8 with a 3TB HDD, and 1232 * discovered that an int13h call seems to cause a buffer overrun in 1233 * the bios. The problem is alleviated by doing an extra read before 1234 * the buggy read. It is not immediately known whether other models 1235 * are similarly affected. 1236 * Loop retrying the operation a couple of times. The BIOS 1237 * may also retry. 1238 */ 1239 if (dowrite == BD_RD && dblk >= 0x100000000) 1240 bd_io_workaround(bd); 1241 for (retry = 0; retry < 3; retry++) { 1242 if (bd->bd_flags & BD_MODEEDD) 1243 result = bd_edd_io(bd, dblk, blks, dest, dowrite); 1244 else 1245 result = bd_chs_io(bd, dblk, blks, dest, dowrite); 1246 1247 if (result == 0) { 1248 if (bd->bd_flags & BD_NO_MEDIA) 1249 bd->bd_flags &= ~BD_NO_MEDIA; 1250 break; 1251 } 1252 1253 bd_reset_disk(bd->bd_unit); 1254 1255 /* 1256 * Error codes: 1257 * 20h controller failure 1258 * 31h no media in drive (IBM/MS INT 13 extensions) 1259 * 80h no media in drive, VMWare (Fusion) 1260 * There is no reason to repeat the IO with errors above. 1261 */ 1262 if (result == 0x20 || result == 0x31 || result == 0x80) { 1263 bd->bd_flags |= BD_NO_MEDIA; 1264 break; 1265 } 1266 } 1267 1268 if (result != 0 && (bd->bd_flags & BD_NO_MEDIA) == 0) { 1269 if (dowrite == BD_WR) { 1270 printf("%s%d: Write %d sector(s) from %p (0x%x) " 1271 "to %lld: 0x%x\n", dev->dd.d_dev->dv_name, 1272 dev->dd.d_unit, blks, dest, VTOP(dest), dblk, 1273 result); 1274 } else { 1275 printf("%s%d: Read %d sector(s) from %lld to %p " 1276 "(0x%x): 0x%x\n", dev->dd.d_dev->dv_name, 1277 dev->dd.d_unit, blks, dblk, dest, VTOP(dest), 1278 result); 1279 } 1280 } 1281 1282 TSEXIT(); 1283 1284 return (result); 1285 } 1286 1287 /* 1288 * Return a suitable dev_t value for (dev). 1289 * 1290 * In the case where it looks like (dev) is a SCSI disk, we allow the number of 1291 * IDE disks to be specified in $num_ide_disks. There should be a Better Way. 1292 */ 1293 int 1294 bd_getdev(struct i386_devdesc *d) 1295 { 1296 struct disk_devdesc *dev; 1297 bdinfo_t *bd; 1298 int biosdev; 1299 int major; 1300 int rootdev; 1301 char *nip, *cp; 1302 int i, unit, slice, partition; 1303 1304 /* XXX: Assume partition 'a'. */ 1305 slice = 0; 1306 partition = 0; 1307 1308 dev = (struct disk_devdesc *)d; 1309 bd = bd_get_bdinfo(&dev->dd); 1310 if (bd == NULL) 1311 return (-1); 1312 1313 biosdev = bd_unit2bios(d); 1314 DPRINTF("unit %d BIOS device %d", dev->dd.d_unit, biosdev); 1315 if (biosdev == -1) /* not a BIOS device */ 1316 return (-1); 1317 1318 if (dev->dd.d_dev->dv_type == DEVT_DISK) { 1319 if (disk_open(dev, bd->bd_sectors * bd->bd_sectorsize, 1320 bd->bd_sectorsize) != 0) /* oops, not a viable device */ 1321 return (-1); 1322 else 1323 disk_close(dev); 1324 slice = dev->d_slice + 1; 1325 partition = dev->d_partition; 1326 } 1327 1328 if (biosdev < 0x80) { 1329 /* floppy (or emulated floppy) or ATAPI device */ 1330 if (bd->bd_type == DT_ATAPI) { 1331 /* is an ATAPI disk */ 1332 major = WFDMAJOR; 1333 } else { 1334 /* is a floppy disk */ 1335 major = FDMAJOR; 1336 } 1337 } else { 1338 /* assume an IDE disk */ 1339 major = WDMAJOR; 1340 } 1341 /* default root disk unit number */ 1342 unit = biosdev & 0x7f; 1343 1344 if (dev->dd.d_dev->dv_type == DEVT_CD) { 1345 /* 1346 * XXX: Need to examine device spec here to figure out if 1347 * SCSI or ATAPI. No idea on how to figure out device number. 1348 * All we can really pass to the kernel is what bus and device 1349 * on which bus we were booted from, which dev_t isn't well 1350 * suited to since those number don't match to unit numbers 1351 * very well. We may just need to engage in a hack where 1352 * we pass -C to the boot args if we are the boot device. 1353 */ 1354 major = ACDMAJOR; 1355 unit = 0; /* XXX */ 1356 } 1357 1358 /* XXX a better kludge to set the root disk unit number */ 1359 if ((nip = getenv("root_disk_unit")) != NULL) { 1360 i = strtol(nip, &cp, 0); 1361 /* check for parse error */ 1362 if ((cp != nip) && (*cp == 0)) 1363 unit = i; 1364 } 1365 1366 rootdev = MAKEBOOTDEV(major, slice, unit, partition); 1367 DPRINTF("dev is 0x%x\n", rootdev); 1368 return (rootdev); 1369 } 1370