xref: /freebsd/share/man/man9/sysctl_ctx_init.9 (revision e5b786625f7f82a1fa91e41823332459ea5550f9)
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28.Dd July 31, 2014
29.Dt SYSCTL_CTX_INIT 9
30.Os
31.Sh NAME
32.Nm sysctl_ctx_init ,
33.Nm sysctl_ctx_free ,
34.Nm sysctl_ctx_entry_add ,
35.Nm sysctl_ctx_entry_find ,
36.Nm sysctl_ctx_entry_del
37.Nd "sysctl context for managing dynamically created sysctl OIDs"
38.Sh SYNOPSIS
39.In sys/types.h
40.In sys/sysctl.h
41.Ft int
42.Fo sysctl_ctx_init
43.Fa "struct sysctl_ctx_list *clist"
44.Fc
45.Ft int
46.Fo sysctl_ctx_free
47.Fa "struct sysctl_ctx_list *clist"
48.Fc
49.Ft struct sysctl_ctx_entry *
50.Fo sysctl_ctx_entry_add
51.Fa "struct sysctl_ctx_list *clist"
52.Fa "struct sysctl_oid *oidp"
53.Fc
54.Ft struct sysctl_ctx_entry *
55.Fo sysctl_ctx_entry_find
56.Fa "struct sysctl_ctx_list *clist"
57.Fa "struct sysctl_oid *oidp"
58.Fc
59.Ft int
60.Fo sysctl_ctx_entry_del
61.Fa "struct sysctl_ctx_list *clist"
62.Fa "struct sysctl_oid *oidp"
63.Fc
64.Sh DESCRIPTION
65These functions provide an interface
66for managing dynamically created OIDs.
67The sysctl context is responsible for keeping track of created OIDs,
68as well as their proper removal when needed.
69It adds a simple transactional aspect to OID removal operations;
70i.e., if a removal operation fails part way,
71it is possible to roll back the sysctl tree
72to its previous state.
73.Pp
74The
75.Fn sysctl_ctx_init
76function initializes a sysctl context.
77The
78.Fa clist
79argument must point to an already allocated variable.
80A context
81.Em must
82be initialized before use.
83Once it is initialized,
84a pointer to the context can be passed as an argument to all the
85.Fa SYSCTL_ADD_*
86macros (see
87.Xr sysctl_add_oid 9 ) ,
88and it will be updated with entries pointing to newly created OIDS.
89.Pp
90Internally, the context is represented as a
91.Xr queue 3
92TAILQ linked list.
93The list consists of
94.Li struct sysctl_ctx_entry
95entries:
96.Bd -literal -offset indent
97struct sysctl_ctx_entry {
98	struct sysctl_oid *entry;
99	TAILQ_ENTRY(sysctl_ctx_entry) link;
100};
101
102TAILQ_HEAD(sysctl_ctx_list, sysctl_ctx_entry);
103.Ed
104.Pp
105Each context entry points to one dynamic OID that it manages.
106Newly created OIDs are always inserted in the front of the list.
107.Pp
108The
109.Fn sysctl_ctx_free
110function removes the context and associated OIDs it manages.
111If the function completes successfully,
112all managed OIDs have been unregistered
113(removed from the tree)
114and freed,
115together with all their allocated memory,
116and the entries of the context have been freed as well.
117.Pp
118The removal operation is performed in two steps.
119First, for each context entry, the function
120.Xr sysctl_remove_oid 9
121is executed, with parameter
122.Fa del
123set to 0, which inhibits the freeing of resources.
124If there are no errors during this step,
125.Fn sysctl_ctx_free
126proceeds to the next step.
127If the first step fails,
128all unregistered OIDs associated with the context are registered again.
129.Pp
130.Em Note :
131in most cases, the programmer specifies
132.Dv OID_AUTO
133as the OID number when creating an OID.
134However, during registration of the OID in the tree,
135this number is changed to the first available number
136greater than or equal to
137.Dv CTL_AUTO_START .
138If the first step of context deletion fails,
139re-registration of the OID does not change the already assigned OID number
140(which is different from OID_AUTO).
141This ensures that re-registered entries
142maintain their original positions in the tree.
143.Pp
144The second step actually performs the deletion of the dynamic OIDs.
145.Xr sysctl_remove_oid 9
146iterates through the context list,
147starting from beginning (i.e., the newest entries).
148.Em Important :
149this time, the function not only deletes the OIDs from the tree,
150but also frees their memory (provided that oid_refcnt == 0),
151as well as the memory of all context entries.
152.Pp
153The
154.Fn sysctl_ctx_entry_add
155function allows the addition of an existing dynamic OID to a context.
156.Pp
157The
158.Fn sysctl_ctx_entry_del
159function removes an entry from the context.
160.Em Important :
161in this case, only the corresponding
162.Li struct sysctl_ctx_entry
163is freed, but the
164.Fa oidp
165pointer remains intact.
166Thereafter, the programmer is responsible for managing the resources
167allocated to this OID.
168.Pp
169The
170.Fn sysctl_ctx_entry_find
171function searches for a given
172.Fa oidp
173within a context list,
174either returning a pointer to the
175.Fa struct sysctl_ctx_entry
176found,
177or
178.Dv NULL .
179.Sh EXAMPLES
180The following is an example of how to create a new top-level category
181and how to hook up another subtree to an existing static node.
182This example uses contexts to keep track of the OIDs.
183.Bd -literal
184#include <sys/sysctl.h>
185 ...
186static struct sysctl_ctx_list clist;
187static struct sysctl_oid *oidp;
188static int a_int;
189static const char *string = "dynamic sysctl";
190 ...
191
192sysctl_ctx_init(&clist);
193oidp = SYSCTL_ADD_ROOT_NODE(&clist,
194	OID_AUTO, "newtree", CTLFLAG_RW, 0, "new top level tree");
195oidp = SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&clist, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(oidp),
196	OID_AUTO, "newint", CTLFLAG_RW, &a_int, 0, "new int leaf");
197 ...
198oidp = SYSCTL_ADD_NODE(&clist, SYSCTL_STATIC_CHILDREN(_debug),
199	OID_AUTO, "newtree", CTLFLAG_RW, 0, "new tree under debug");
200oidp = SYSCTL_ADD_STRING(&clist, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(oidp),
201	OID_AUTO, "newstring", CTLFLAG_RD, string, 0, "new string leaf");
202 ...
203/* Now we can free up the OIDs */
204if (sysctl_ctx_free(&clist)) {
205	printf("can't free this context - other OIDs depend on it");
206	return (ENOTEMPTY);
207} else {
208	printf("Success!\\n");
209	return (0);
210}
211.Ed
212.Pp
213This example creates the following subtrees:
214.Bd -literal -offset indent
215debug.newtree.newstring
216newtree.newint
217.Ed
218.Pp
219Note that both trees are removed, and their resources freed,
220through one
221.Fn sysctl_ctx_free
222call, which starts by freeing the newest entries (leaves)
223and then proceeds to free the older entries (in this case the nodes).
224.Sh SEE ALSO
225.Xr queue 3 ,
226.Xr sysctl 8 ,
227.Xr sysctl 9 ,
228.Xr sysctl_add_oid 9 ,
229.Xr sysctl_remove_oid 9
230.Sh HISTORY
231These functions first appeared in
232.Fx 4.2 .
233.Sh AUTHORS
234.An Andrzej Bialecki Aq Mt abial@FreeBSD.org
235.Sh BUGS
236The current removal algorithm is somewhat heavy.
237In the worst case,
238all OIDs need to be unregistered, registered again,
239and then unregistered and deleted.
240However, the algorithm does guarantee transactional properties
241for removal operations.
242.Pp
243All operations on contexts involve linked list traversal.
244For this reason,
245creation and removal of entries is relatively costly.
246