xref: /freebsd/share/man/man8/uefi.8 (revision a970610a3af63b3f4df5b69d91c6b4093a00ed8f)
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24.Dd August 31, 2023
25.Dt UEFI 8
26.Os
27.Sh NAME
28.Nm UEFI
29.Nd Unified Extensible Firmware Interface bootstrapping procedures
30.Sh DESCRIPTION
31The
32.Nm
33Unified Extensible Firmware Interface provides boot- and run-time services
34to operating systems.
35.Nm
36is a replacement for the legacy BIOS on the i386 and amd64 CPU architectures,
37and is also used on arm, arm64 and riscv architectures.
38.Pp
39The UEFI specification is the successor to the Extensible Firmware Interface
40(EFI) specification.
41The terms UEFI and EFI are often used interchangeably.
42.Pp
43The
44.Nm
45boot process loads system bootstrap code located in an EFI System Partition
46(ESP).
47The ESP is a GPT or MBR partition with a specific identifier that contains an
48.Xr msdosfs 4
49FAT file system with a specified file hierarchy.
50.Bl -column -offset indent "Partition Scheme" "ESP Identifier"
51.It Sy "Partition Scheme" Ta Sy "ESP Identifier"
52.It GPT Ta C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B
53.It MBR Ta 0xEF
54.El
55.Pp
56The
57.Nm
58boot process proceeds as follows:
59.Bl -enum -offset indent -compact
60.It
61.Nm
62firmware runs at power up and searches for an OS loader in the EFI system
63partition.
64The path to the loader may be set by an EFI environment variable managed by
65.Xr efibootmgr 8 .
66If not set, an architecture-specific default is used.
67.Bl -column -offset indent "Architecture" "Default Path"
68.It Sy Architecture Ta Sy Default Path
69.It amd64 Ta Pa /EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI
70.It arm Ta Pa /EFI/BOOT/BOOTARM.EFI
71.It arm64 Ta Pa /EFI/BOOT/BOOTAA64.EFI
72.It i386 Ta Pa /EFI/BOOT/BOOTIA32.EFI
73.It riscv Ta Pa /EFI/BOOT/BOOTRISCV64.EFI
74.El
75.Pp
76The default
77.Nm
78boot configuration for
79.Fx
80installs
81.Pa loader.efi
82in the default path.
83.It
84.Pa loader.efi
85reads boot configuration from
86.Pa /boot.config
87or
88.Pa /boot/config .
89.It
90.Pa loader.efi
91loads and boots the kernel, as described in
92.Xr loader.efi 8 .
93.El
94.Pp
95The
96.Xr vt 4
97system console is automatically selected when booting via
98.Nm .
99.Sh FILES
100.Bl -tag -width /boot/loader -compact
101.Nm
102bootstrap
103.It Pa /boot/loader.efi
104Final stage bootstrap
105.It Pa /boot/kernel/kernel
106Default kernel
107.It Pa /boot/kernel.old/kernel
108Typical non-default kernel (optional)
109.El
110.Sh SEE ALSO
111.Xr vt 4 ,
112.Xr boot.config 5 ,
113.Xr msdosfs 4 ,
114.Xr boot 8 ,
115.Xr efibootmgr 8 ,
116.Xr efidp 8 ,
117.Xr efivar 8 ,
118.Xr gpart 8 ,
119.Xr loader.efi 8 ,
120.Xr uefisign 8
121.Sh HISTORY
122EFI boot support for the ia64 architecture first appeared in
123.Fx 5.0 .
124.Nm
125boot support for amd64 first appeared in
126.Fx 10.1 ;
127for arm64 in
128.Fx 11.0 ;
129for armv7 in
130.Fx 12.0 ;
131and for riscv in
132.Fx 13.0 .
133.Sh BUGS
134There is no support for 32-bit i386 booting via UEFI.
135