xref: /freebsd/share/man/man4/ipfirewall.4 (revision 3078531de10dcae44b253a35125c949ff4235284)
1.\"
2.\" $FreeBSD$
3.\"
4.Dd August 19, 2020
5.Dt IPFW 4
6.Os
7.Sh NAME
8.Nm ipfw
9.Nd IP packet filter and traffic accounting
10.Sh SYNOPSIS
11To compile
12the driver
13into the kernel, place the following option in the kernel configuration
14file:
15.Bd -ragged -offset indent
16.Cd "options IPFIREWALL"
17.Ed
18.Pp
19Other related kernel options
20which may also be useful are:
21.Bd -ragged -offset indent
22.Cd "options IPFIREWALL_DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT"
23.Cd "options IPDIVERT"
24.Cd "options IPFIREWALL_NAT"
25.Cd "options IPFIREWALL_NAT64"
26.Cd "options IPFIREWALL_NPTV6"
27.Cd "options IPFIREWALL_PMOD"
28.Cd "options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE"
29.Cd "options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE_LIMIT=100"
30.Cd "options LIBALIAS"
31.Ed
32.Pp
33To load
34the driver
35as a module at boot time, add the following line into the
36.Xr loader.conf 5
37file:
38.Bd -literal -offset indent
39ipfw_load="YES"
40.Ed
41.Sh DESCRIPTION
42The
43.Nm
44system facility allows filtering,
45redirecting, and other operations on
46.Tn IP
47packets travelling through
48network interfaces.
49.Pp
50The default behavior of
51.Nm
52is to block all incoming and outgoing traffic.
53This behavior can be modified, to allow all traffic through the
54.Nm
55firewall by default, by enabling the
56.Dv IPFIREWALL_DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT
57kernel option.
58This option may be useful when configuring
59.Nm
60for the first time.
61If the default
62.Nm
63behavior is to allow everything, it is easier to cope with
64firewall-tuning mistakes which may accidentally block all traffic.
65.Pp
66When using
67.Xr natd 8
68in conjunction with
69.Nm
70as
71.Tn NAT
72facility, the kernel option
73.Dv IPDIVERT
74enables diverting packets to
75.Xr natd 8
76for translation.
77.Pp
78When using the in-kernel
79.Tn NAT
80facility of
81.Nm ,
82the kernel option
83.Dv IPFIREWALL_NAT
84enables basic
85.Xr libalias 3
86functionality in the kernel.
87.Pp
88When using any of the
89.Tn IPv4
90to
91.Tn IPv6
92transition mechanisms in
93.Nm ,
94the kernel option
95.Dv IPFIREWALL_NAT64
96enables all of these
97.Tn NAT64
98methods in the kernel.
99.Pp
100When using the
101.Tn IPv6
102network prefix translation facility of
103.Nm ,
104the kernel option
105.Dv IPFIREWALL_NPTV6
106enables this functionality in the kernel.
107.Pp
108When using the packet modification facility of
109.Nm ,
110the kernel option
111.Dv IPFIREWALL_PMOD
112enables this functionality in the kernel.
113.Pp
114To enable logging of packets passing through
115.Nm ,
116enable the
117.Dv IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE
118kernel option.
119The
120.Dv IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE_LIMIT
121option will prevent
122.Xr syslogd 8
123from flooding system logs or causing local Denial of Service.
124This option may be set to the number of packets which will be logged on
125a per-entry basis before the entry is rate-limited.
126.Pp
127When using the in-kernel
128.Tn NAT
129facility of
130.Nm ,
131the kernel option
132.Dv LIBALIAS
133enables full
134.Xr libalias 3
135functionality in the kernel.
136Full functionality refers to included support for ftp, bbt,
137skinny, irc, pptp and smedia packets, which are missing in the basic
138.Xr libalias 3
139functionality accomplished with the
140.Dv IPFIREWALL_NAT
141kernel option.
142.Pp
143The user interface for
144.Nm
145is implemented by the
146.Xr ipfw 8
147utility, so please refer to the
148.Xr ipfw 8
149man page for a complete description of the
150.Nm
151capabilities and how to use it.
152.Sh SEE ALSO
153.Xr setsockopt 2 ,
154.Xr divert 4 ,
155.Xr ip 4 ,
156.Xr ip6 4 ,
157.Xr ipfw 8 ,
158.Xr libalias 3 ,
159.Xr natd 8 ,
160.Xr sysctl 8 ,
161.Xr syslogd 8 ,
162.Xr pfil 9
163