1 2TYPE ROWCOL 3NAME UCS/GURMUKHI 4SRC_ZONE 0x0000-0x2212 5OOB_MODE INVALID 6DST_INVALID 0x100 7DST_UNIT_BITS 16 8#======================================================================= 9# File name: GURMUKHI.TXT 10# 11# Contents: Map (external version) from Mac OS Gurmukhi 12# encoding to Unicode 2.1 and later. 13# 14# Copyright: (c) 1997-2002, 2005 by Apple Computer, Inc., all rights 15# reserved. 16# 17# Contact: charsets@apple.com 18# 19# Changes: 20# 21# c02 2005-Apr-05 Update header comments. Matches internal xml 22# <c1.1> and Text Encoding Converter 2.0. 23# b3,c1 2002-Dec-19 Change mappings for 0x91, 0xD5 based on 24# new decomposition rules. Update URLs, 25# notes. Matches internal utom<b2>. 26# b02 1999-Sep-22 Update contact e-mail address. Matches 27# internal utom<b1>, ufrm<b1>, and Text 28# Encoding Converter version 1.5. 29# n02 1998-Feb-05 First version; matches internal utom<n5>, 30# ufrm<n6>. 31# 32# Standard header: 33# ---------------- 34# 35# Apple, the Apple logo, and Macintosh are trademarks of Apple 36# Computer, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. 37# Unicode is a trademark of Unicode Inc. For the sake of brevity, 38# throughout this document, "Macintosh" can be used to refer to 39# Macintosh computers and "Unicode" can be used to refer to the 40# Unicode standard. 41# 42# Apple Computer, Inc. ("Apple") makes no warranty or representation, 43# either express or implied, with respect to this document and the 44# included data, its quality, accuracy, or fitness for a particular 45# purpose. In no event will Apple be liable for direct, indirect, 46# special, incidental, or consequential damages resulting from any 47# defect or inaccuracy in this document or the included data. 48# 49# These mapping tables and character lists are subject to change. 50# The latest tables should be available from the following: 51# 52# <http://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS/APPLE/> 53# 54# For general information about Mac OS encodings and these mapping 55# tables, see the file "README.TXT". 56# 57# Format: 58# ------- 59# 60# Three tab-separated columns; 61# '#' begins a comment which continues to the end of the line. 62# Column #1 is the Mac OS Gurmukhi code or code sequence 63# (in hex as 0xNN or 0xNN+0xNN) 64# Column #2 is the corresponding Unicode or Unicode sequence 65# (in hex as 0xNNNN or 0xNNNN+0xNNNN). 66# Column #3 is a comment containing the Unicode name or sequence 67# of names. In some cases an additional comment follows the 68# Unicode name(s). 69# 70# The entries are in two sections. The first section is for pairs of 71# Mac OS Gurmukhi code points that must be mapped in a special way. 72# The second section maps individual code points. 73# 74# Within each section, the entries are in Mac OS Gurmukhi code order. 75# 76# Control character mappings are not shown in this table, following 77# the conventions of the standard UTC mapping tables. However, the 78# Mac OS Gurmukhi character set uses the standard control characters 79# at 0x00-0x1F and 0x7F. 80# 81# Notes on Mac OS Gurmukhi: 82# ------------------------- 83# 84# This is a legacy Mac OS encoding; in the Mac OS X Carbon and Cocoa 85# environments, it is only supported via transcoding to and from 86# Unicode. 87# 88# Mac OS Gurmukhi is based on IS 13194:1991 (ISCII-91), with the 89# addition of several punctuation and symbol characters. However, 90# Mac OS Gurmukhi does not support the ATR (attribute) mechanism of 91# ISCII-91. 92# 93# 1. ISCII-91 features in Mac OS Gurmukhi include: 94# 95# a) Explicit halant and soft halant 96# 97# A double halant (0xE8 + 0xE8) constitutes an "explicit halant", 98# which will always appear as a halant instead of causing formation 99# of a ligature or half-form consonant. 100# 101# Halant followed by nukta (0xE8 + 0xE9) constitutes a "soft 102# halant", which prevents formation of a ligature and instead 103# retains the half-form of the first consonant. 104# 105# b) Invisible consonant 106# 107# The byte 0xD9 (called INV in ISCII-91) is an invisible consonant: 108# It behaves like a consonant but has no visible appearance. It is 109# intended to be used (often in combination with halant) to display 110# dependent forms in isolation, such as the RA forms or consonant 111# half-forms. 112# 113# c) Extensions for Vedic, etc. 114# 115# The byte 0xF0 (called EXT in ISCII-91) followed by any byte in 116# the range 0xA1-0xEE constitutes a two-byte code point which can 117# be used to represent additional characters for Vedic (or other 118# extensions); 0xF0 followed by any other byte value constitutes 119# malformed text. Mac OS Gurmukhi supports this mechanism, but 120# does not currently map any of these two-byte code points to 121# anything. 122# 123# 2. Mac OS Gurmukhi additions 124# 125# Mac OS Gurmukhi adds characters using the code points 126# 0x80-0x8A and 0x90-0x94 (the latter are some Gurmukhi additions). 127# 128# 3. Unused code points 129# 130# The following code points are currently unused, and are not shown 131# here: 0x8B-0x8F, 0x95-0xA1, 0xA3, 0xAA-0xAB, 0xAE-0xAF, 0xB2, 132# 0xC7, 0xCE, 0xD0, 0xD2-0xD3, 0xD6, 0xDF-0xE0, 0xE3-0xE4, 0xE7, 133# 0xEB-0xEF, 0xFB-0xFF. In addition, 0xF0 is not shown here, but it 134# has a special function as described above. 135# 136# Unicode mapping issues and notes: 137# --------------------------------- 138# 139# 1. Mapping the byte pairs 140# 141# If the byte value 0xE8 is encountered when mapping Mac OS 142# Gurmukhi text, then the next byte (if there is one) should be 143# examined. If the next byte is 0xE8 or 0xE9, then the byte pair 144# should be mapped using the first section of the mapping table 145# below. Otherwise, each byte should be mapped using the second 146# section of the mapping table below. 147# 148# - The Unicode Standard, Version 2.0, specifies how explicit 149# halant and soft halant should be represented in Unicode; 150# these mappings are used below. 151# 152# If the byte value 0xF0 is encountered when mapping Mac OS 153# Gurmukhi text, then the next byte should be examined. If there 154# is no next byte (e.g. 0xF0 at end of buffer), the mapping 155# process should indicate incomplete character. If there is a next 156# byte but it is not in the range 0xA1-0xEE, the mapping process 157# should indicate malformed text. Otherwise, the mapping process 158# should treat the byte pair as a valid two-byte code point with no 159# mapping (e.g. map it to QUESTION MARK, REPLACEMENT CHARACTER, 160# etc.). 161# 162# 2. Mapping the invisible consonant 163# 164# It has been suggested that INV in ISCII-91 should map to ZERO 165# WIDTH NON-JOINER in Unicode. However, this causes problems with 166# roundtrip fidelity: The ISCII-91 sequences 0xE8+0xE8 and 0xE8+0xD9 167# would map to the same sequence of Unicode characters. We have 168# instead mapped INV to LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK, which avoids these 169# problems. 170# 171# 3. Mappings using corporate characters 172# 173# Mapping the GURMUKHI LETTER SHA 0xD5 presents an interesting 174# problem. At first glance, we could map it to the single Unicode 175# character 0x0A36. 176# 177# However, our goal is that the mappings provided here should also 178# be able to generate the mappings to maximally decomposed Unicode 179# by simple recursive substitution of the canonical decompositions 180# in the Unicode database. We want mapping tables derived this way 181# to retain full roundtrip fidelity. 182# 183# Since the canonical decomposition of 0x0A36 is 0x0A38+0x0A3C, 184# the decomposition mapping for 0xD5 would be identical with the 185# decomposition mapping for 0xD7+0xE9, and roundtrip fidelity would 186# be lost. 187# 188# We solve this problem by using a grouping hint (one of the set of 189# transcoding hints defined by Apple). 190# 191# Apple has defined a block of 32 corporate characters as "transcoding 192# hints." These are used in combination with standard Unicode characters 193# to force them to be treated in a special way for mapping to other 194# encodings; they have no other effect. Sixteen of these transcoding 195# hints are "grouping hints" - they indicate that the next 2-4 Unicode 196# characters should be treated as a single entity for transcoding. The 197# other sixteen transcoding hints are "variant tags" - they are like 198# combining characters, and can follow a standard Unicode (or a sequence 199# consisting of a base character and other combining characters) to 200# cause it to be treated in a special way for transcoding. These always 201# terminate a combining-character sequence. 202# 203# The transcoding coding hint used in this mapping table is: 204# 0xF860 group next 2 characters 205# 206# Then we can map 0x91 as follows: 207# 0xD5 -> 0xF860+0x0A38+0x0A3C 208# 209# We could also have used a variant tag such as 0xF87F and mapped it 210# this way: 211# 0xD5 -> 0x0A36+0xF87F 212# 213# 4. Additional loose mappings from Unicode 214# 215# These are not preserved in roundtrip mappings. 216# 217# 0A59 -> 0xB4+0xE9 # GURMUKHI LETTER KHHA 218# 0A5A -> 0xB5+0xE9 # GURMUKHI LETTER GHHA 219# 0A5B -> 0xBA+0xE9 # GURMUKHI LETTER ZA 220# 0A5E -> 0xC9+0xE9 # GURMUKHI LETTER FA 221# 222# 0A70 -> 0xA2 # GURMUKHI TIPPI 223# 224# Loose mappings from Unicode should also map U+0A71 (GURMUKHI ADDAK) 225# followed by any Gurmukhi consonant to the equivalent ISCII-91 226# consonant plus halant plus the consonant again. For example: 227# 228# 0A71+0A15 -> 0xB3+0xE8+0xB3 229# 0A71+0A16 -> 0xB4+0xE8+0xB4 230# ... 231# 232# Details of mapping changes in each version: 233# ------------------------------------------- 234# 235# Changes from version b02 to version b03/c01: 236# 237# - Change mapping of 0x91 from 0xF860+0x0A21+0x0A3C to 0x0A5C GURMUKHI 238# LETTER RRA, now that the canonical decomposition of 0x0A5C to 239# 0x0A21+0x0A3C has been deleted 240# 241# - Change mapping of 0xD5 from 0x0A36 GURMUKHI LETTER SHA to 242# 0xF860+0x0A38+0x0A3C, now that a canonical decomposition of 0x0A36 243# to 0x0A38+0x0A3C has been added. 244# 245################## 246BEGIN_MAP 2470x0000 - 0x007F = 0x00 - 2480x00A9 = 0x88 2490x00AE = 0x89 2500x00D7 = 0x80 2510x0964 = 0xEA 2520x0A02 = 0xA2 2530x0A05 = 0xA4 2540x0A06 = 0xA5 2550x0A07 = 0xA6 2560x0A08 = 0xA7 2570x0A09 = 0xA8 2580x0A0A = 0xA9 2590x0A0F = 0xAC 2600x0A10 = 0xAD 2610x0A13 = 0xB0 2620x0A14 = 0xB1 2630x0A15 = 0xB3 2640x0A16 = 0xB4 2650x0A17 = 0xB5 2660x0A18 = 0xB6 2670x0A19 = 0xB7 2680x0A1A = 0xB8 2690x0A1B = 0xB9 2700x0A1C = 0xBA 2710x0A1D = 0xBB 2720x0A1E = 0xBC 2730x0A1F = 0xBD 2740x0A20 = 0xBE 2750x0A21 = 0xBF 2760x0A22 = 0xC0 2770x0A23 = 0xC1 2780x0A24 = 0xC2 2790x0A25 = 0xC3 2800x0A26 = 0xC4 2810x0A27 = 0xC5 2820x0A28 = 0xC6 2830x0A2A = 0xC8 2840x0A2B = 0xC9 2850x0A2C = 0xCA 2860x0A2D = 0xCB 2870x0A2E = 0xCC 2880x0A2F = 0xCD 2890x0A30 = 0xCF 2900x0A32 = 0xD1 2910x0A35 = 0xD4 2920x0A38 = 0xD7 2930x0A39 = 0xD8 2940x0A3C = 0xE9 2950x0A3E = 0xDA 2960x0A3F = 0xDB 2970x0A40 = 0xDC 2980x0A41 = 0xDD 2990x0A42 = 0xDE 3000x0A47 = 0xE1 3010x0A48 = 0xE2 3020x0A4B = 0xE5 3030x0A4C = 0xE6 3040x0A4D = 0xE8 305#0x0A4D+0x200C = 0xE8+0xE8 306#0x0A4D+0x200D = 0xE8+0xE9 3070x0A5C = 0x91 3080x0A66 = 0xF1 3090x0A67 = 0xF2 3100x0A68 = 0xF3 3110x0A69 = 0xF4 3120x0A6A = 0xF5 3130x0A6B = 0xF6 3140x0A6C = 0xF7 3150x0A6D = 0xF8 3160x0A6E = 0xF9 3170x0A6F = 0xFA 3180x0A71 = 0x90 3190x0A72 = 0x93 3200x0A73 = 0x92 3210x0A74 = 0x94 3220x200E = 0xD9 3230x2013 = 0x82 3240x2014 = 0x83 3250x2018 = 0x84 3260x2019 = 0x85 3270x2022 = 0x87 3280x2026 = 0x86 3290x2122 = 0x8A 3300x2212 = 0x81 331#0xF860+0x0A38+0x0A3C = 0xD5 332END_MAP 333