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Title "OPENSSL-TS 1ossl" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
way too many mistakes in technical documents.
openssl-ts - Time Stamping Authority command Header "SYNOPSIS" \fBopenssl ts \fB-help

\fBopenssl ts \fB-query [-config configfile] [-data file_to_hash] [-digest digest_bytes] [-\f(BIdigest] [-tspolicy object_id] [-no_nonce] [-cert] [-in request.tsq] [-out request.tsq] [-text] [-rand files] [-writerand file] [-provider name] [-provider-path path] [-propquery propq]

\fBopenssl ts \fB-reply [-config configfile] [-section tsa_section] [-queryfile request.tsq] [-passin password_src] [-signer tsa_cert.pem] [-inkey filename|uri] [-\f(BIdigest] [-chain certs_file.pem] [-tspolicy object_id] [-in response.tsr] [-token_in] [-out response.tsr] [-token_out] [-text] [-engine id] [-provider name] [-provider-path path] [-propquery propq]

\fBopenssl ts \fB-verify [-data file_to_hash] [-digest digest_bytes] [-queryfile request.tsq] [-in response.tsr] [-token_in] [-untrusted files|uris] [-CAfile file] [-CApath dir] [-CAstore uri] [-allow_proxy_certs] [-attime timestamp] [-no_check_time] [-check_ss_sig] [-crl_check] [-crl_check_all] [-explicit_policy] [-extended_crl] [-ignore_critical] [-inhibit_any] [-inhibit_map] [-partial_chain] [-policy arg] [-policy_check] [-policy_print] [-purpose purpose] [-suiteB_128] [-suiteB_128_only] [-suiteB_192] [-trusted_first] [-no_alt_chains] [-use_deltas] [-auth_level num] [-verify_depth num] [-verify_email email] [-verify_hostname hostname] [-verify_ip ip] [-verify_name name] [-x509_strict] [-issuer_checks] [-provider name] [-provider-path path] [-propquery propq]

Header "DESCRIPTION" This command is a basic Time Stamping Authority (\s-1TSA\s0) client and server application as specified in \s-1RFC 3161\s0 (Time-Stamp Protocol, \s-1TSP\s0). A \s-1TSA\s0 can be part of a \s-1PKI\s0 deployment and its role is to provide long term proof of the existence of a certain datum before a particular time. Here is a brief description of the protocol: The \s-1TSA\s0 client computes a one-way hash value for a data file and sends the hash to the \s-1TSA.\s0 The \s-1TSA\s0 attaches the current date and time to the received hash value, signs them and sends the timestamp token back to the client. By creating this token the \s-1TSA\s0 certifies the existence of the original data file at the time of response generation. The \s-1TSA\s0 client receives the timestamp token and verifies the signature on it. It also checks if the token contains the same hash value that it had sent to the \s-1TSA.\s0

There is one \s-1DER\s0 encoded protocol data unit defined for transporting a timestamp request to the \s-1TSA\s0 and one for sending the timestamp response back to the client. This command has three main functions: creating a timestamp request based on a data file, creating a timestamp response based on a request, verifying if a response corresponds to a particular request or a data file.

There is no support for sending the requests/responses automatically over \s-1HTTP\s0 or \s-1TCP\s0 yet as suggested in \s-1RFC 3161.\s0 The users must send the requests either by ftp or e-mail.

Header "OPTIONS" Item "-help" Print out a usage message. Item "-query" Generate a \s-1TS\s0 query. For details see \*(L"Timestamp Request generation\*(R". Item "-reply" Generate a \s-1TS\s0 reply. For details see \*(L"Timestamp Response generation\*(R". Item "-verify" Verify a \s-1TS\s0 response. For details see \*(L"Timestamp Response verification\*(R". Subsection "Timestamp Request generation" The -query command can be used for creating and printing a timestamp request with the following options: Item "-config configfile" The configuration file to use. Optional; for a description of the default value, see \*(L"\s-1COMMAND SUMMARY\*(R"\s0 in openssl\|(1). Item "-data file_to_hash" The data file for which the timestamp request needs to be created. stdin is the default if neither the -data nor the -digest parameter is specified. (Optional) Item "-digest digest_bytes" It is possible to specify the message imprint explicitly without the data file. The imprint must be specified in a hexadecimal format, two characters per byte, the bytes optionally separated by colons (e.g. 1A:F6:01:... or 1AF601...). The number of bytes must match the message digest algorithm in use. (Optional) Item "-digest" The message digest to apply to the data file. Any digest supported by the openssl-dgst\|(1) command can be used. The default is \s-1SHA-256.\s0 (Optional) Item "-tspolicy object_id" The policy that the client expects the \s-1TSA\s0 to use for creating the timestamp token. Either the dotted \s-1OID\s0 notation or \s-1OID\s0 names defined in the config file can be used. If no policy is requested the \s-1TSA\s0 will use its own default policy. (Optional) Item "-no_nonce" No nonce is specified in the request if this option is given. Otherwise a 64 bit long pseudo-random none is included in the request. It is recommended to use nonce to protect against replay-attacks. (Optional) Item "-cert" The \s-1TSA\s0 is expected to include its signing certificate in the response. (Optional) Item "-in request.tsq" This option specifies a previously created timestamp request in \s-1DER\s0 format that will be printed into the output file. Useful when you need to examine the content of a request in human-readable format. (Optional) Item "-out request.tsq" Name of the output file to which the request will be written. Default is stdout. (Optional) Item "-text" If this option is specified the output is human-readable text format instead of \s-1DER.\s0 (Optional) Item "-rand files, -writerand file" See \*(L"Random State Options\*(R" in openssl\|(1) for details. Subsection "Timestamp Response generation" A timestamp response (TimeStampResp) consists of a response status and the timestamp token itself (ContentInfo), if the token generation was successful. The -reply command is for creating a timestamp response or timestamp token based on a request and printing the response/token in human-readable format. If -token_out is not specified the output is always a timestamp response (TimeStampResp), otherwise it is a timestamp token (ContentInfo). Item "-config configfile" The configuration file to use. Optional; for a description of the default value, see \*(L"\s-1COMMAND SUMMARY\*(R"\s0 in openssl\|(1). See \*(L"\s-1CONFIGURATION FILE OPTIONS\*(R"\s0 for configurable variables. Item "-section tsa_section" The name of the config file section containing the settings for the response generation. If not specified the default \s-1TSA\s0 section is used, see \*(L"\s-1CONFIGURATION FILE OPTIONS\*(R"\s0 for details. (Optional) Item "-queryfile request.tsq" The name of the file containing a \s-1DER\s0 encoded timestamp request. (Optional) Item "-passin password_src" Specifies the password source for the private key of the \s-1TSA.\s0 See description in openssl\|(1). (Optional) Item "-signer tsa_cert.pem" The signer certificate of the \s-1TSA\s0 in \s-1PEM\s0 format. The \s-1TSA\s0 signing certificate must have exactly one extended key usage assigned to it: timeStamping. The extended key usage must also be critical, otherwise the certificate is going to be refused. Overrides the signer_cert variable of the config file. (Optional) Item "-inkey filename|uri" The signer private key of the \s-1TSA\s0 in \s-1PEM\s0 format. Overrides the \fBsigner_key config file option. (Optional) Item "-digest" Signing digest to use. Overrides the signer_digest config file option. (Mandatory unless specified in the config file) Item "-chain certs_file.pem" The collection of certificates in \s-1PEM\s0 format that will all be included in the response in addition to the signer certificate if the -cert option was used for the request. This file is supposed to contain the certificate chain for the signer certificate from its issuer upwards. The -reply command does not build a certificate chain automatically. (Optional) Item "-tspolicy object_id" The default policy to use for the response unless the client explicitly requires a particular \s-1TSA\s0 policy. The \s-1OID\s0 can be specified either in dotted notation or with its name. Overrides the \fBdefault_policy config file option. (Optional) Item "-in response.tsr" Specifies a previously created timestamp response or timestamp token (if -token_in is also specified) in \s-1DER\s0 format that will be written to the output file. This option does not require a request, it is useful e.g. when you need to examine the content of a response or token or you want to extract the timestamp token from a response. If the input is a token and the output is a timestamp response a default 'granted' status info is added to the token. (Optional) Item "-token_in" This flag can be used together with the -in option and indicates that the input is a \s-1DER\s0 encoded timestamp token (ContentInfo) instead of a timestamp response (TimeStampResp). (Optional) Item "-out response.tsr" The response is written to this file. The format and content of the file depends on other options (see -text, -token_out). The default is stdout. (Optional) Item "-token_out" The output is a timestamp token (ContentInfo) instead of timestamp response (TimeStampResp). (Optional) Item "-text" If this option is specified the output is human-readable text format instead of \s-1DER.\s0 (Optional) Item "-engine id" See \*(L"Engine Options\*(R" in openssl\|(1). This option is deprecated. Item "-provider name"

0

Item "-provider-path path" Item "-propquery propq"

See \*(L"Provider Options\*(R" in openssl\|(1), provider\|(7), and property\|(7).

Subsection "Timestamp Response verification" The -verify command is for verifying if a timestamp response or timestamp token is valid and matches a particular timestamp request or data file. The -verify command does not use the configuration file. Item "-data file_to_hash" The response or token must be verified against file_to_hash. The file is hashed with the message digest algorithm specified in the token. The -digest and -queryfile options must not be specified with this one. (Optional) Item "-digest digest_bytes" The response or token must be verified against the message digest specified with this option. The number of bytes must match the message digest algorithm specified in the token. The -data and -queryfile options must not be specified with this one. (Optional) Item "-queryfile request.tsq" The original timestamp request in \s-1DER\s0 format. The -data and -digest options must not be specified with this one. (Optional) Item "-in response.tsr" The timestamp response that needs to be verified in \s-1DER\s0 format. (Mandatory) Item "-token_in" This flag can be used together with the -in option and indicates that the input is a \s-1DER\s0 encoded timestamp token (ContentInfo) instead of a timestamp response (TimeStampResp). (Optional) Item "-untrusted files|uris" A set of additional untrusted certificates which may be needed when building the certificate chain for the \s-1TSA\s0's signing certificate. These do not need to contain the \s-1TSA\s0 signing certificate and intermediate \s-1CA\s0 certificates as far as the response already includes them. (Optional) .Sp Multiple sources may be given, separated by commas and/or whitespace. Each file may contain multiple certificates. Item "-CAfile file, -CApath dir, -CAstore uri" See \*(L"Trusted Certificate Options\*(R" in openssl-verification-options\|(1) for details. At least one of -CAfile, -CApath or -CAstore must be specified. Item "-allow_proxy_certs, -attime, -no_check_time, -check_ss_sig, -crl_check, -crl_check_all, -explicit_policy, -extended_crl, -ignore_critical, -inhibit_any, -inhibit_map, -no_alt_chains, -partial_chain, -policy, -policy_check, -policy_print, -purpose, -suiteB_128, -suiteB_128_only, -suiteB_192, -trusted_first, -use_deltas, -auth_level, -verify_depth, -verify_email, -verify_hostname, -verify_ip, -verify_name, -x509_strict -issuer_checks" Set various options of certificate chain verification. See \*(L"Verification Options\*(R" in openssl-verification-options\|(1) for details. .Sp Any verification errors cause the command to exit. Header "CONFIGURATION FILE OPTIONS" The -query and -reply commands make use of a configuration file. See config\|(5) for a general description of the syntax of the config file. The \fB-query command uses only the symbolic \s-1OID\s0 names section and it can work without it. However, the -reply command needs the config file for its operation.

When there is a command line switch equivalent of a variable the switch always overrides the settings in the config file.

Item "tsa section, default_tsa" This is the main section and it specifies the name of another section that contains all the options for the -reply command. This default section can be overridden with the -section command line switch. (Optional) Item "oid_file" This specifies a file containing additional \s-1OBJECT IDENTIFIERS\s0. Each line of the file should consist of the numerical form of the object identifier followed by whitespace then the short name followed by whitespace and finally the long name. (Optional) Item "oid_section" This specifies a section in the configuration file containing extra object identifiers. Each line should consist of the short name of the object identifier followed by = and the numerical form. The short and long names are the same when this option is used. (Optional) Item "RANDFILE" At startup the specified file is loaded into the random number generator, and at exit 256 bytes will be written to it. (Note: Using a \s-1RANDFILE\s0 is not necessary anymore, see the \*(L"\s-1HISTORY\*(R"\s0 section. Item "serial" The name of the file containing the hexadecimal serial number of the last timestamp response created. This number is incremented by 1 for each response. If the file does not exist at the time of response generation a new file is created with serial number 1. (Mandatory) Item "crypto_device" Specifies the OpenSSL engine that will be set as the default for all available algorithms. The default value is built-in, you can specify any other engines supported by OpenSSL (e.g. use chil for the NCipher \s-1HSM\s0). (Optional) Item "signer_cert" \s-1TSA\s0 signing certificate in \s-1PEM\s0 format. The same as the -signer command line option. (Optional) Item "certs" A file containing a set of \s-1PEM\s0 encoded certificates that need to be included in the response. The same as the -chain command line option. (Optional) Item "signer_key" The private key of the \s-1TSA\s0 in \s-1PEM\s0 format. The same as the -inkey command line option. (Optional) Item "signer_digest" Signing digest to use. The same as the \fB-\f(BIdigest command line option. (Mandatory unless specified on the command line) Item "default_policy" The default policy to use when the request does not mandate any policy. The same as the -tspolicy command line option. (Optional) Item "other_policies" Comma separated list of policies that are also acceptable by the \s-1TSA\s0 and used only if the request explicitly specifies one of them. (Optional) Item "digests" The list of message digest algorithms that the \s-1TSA\s0 accepts. At least one algorithm must be specified. (Mandatory) Item "accuracy" The accuracy of the time source of the \s-1TSA\s0 in seconds, milliseconds and microseconds. E.g. secs:1, millisecs:500, microsecs:100. If any of the components is missing zero is assumed for that field. (Optional) Item "clock_precision_digits" Specifies the maximum number of digits, which represent the fraction of seconds, that need to be included in the time field. The trailing zeros must be removed from the time, so there might actually be fewer digits, or no fraction of seconds at all. Supported only on \s-1UNIX\s0 platforms. The maximum value is 6, default is 0. (Optional) Item "ordering" If this option is yes the responses generated by this \s-1TSA\s0 can always be ordered, even if the time difference between two responses is less than the sum of their accuracies. Default is no. (Optional) Item "tsa_name" Set this option to yes if the subject name of the \s-1TSA\s0 must be included in the \s-1TSA\s0 name field of the response. Default is no. (Optional) Item "ess_cert_id_chain" The SignedData objects created by the \s-1TSA\s0 always contain the certificate identifier of the signing certificate in a signed attribute (see \s-1RFC 2634,\s0 Enhanced Security Services). If this variable is set to no, only this signing certificate identifier is included in the SigningCertificate signed attribute. If this variable is set to yes and the certs variable or the -chain option is specified then the certificate identifiers of the chain will also be included, where the -chain option overrides the certs variable. Default is no. (Optional) Item "ess_cert_id_alg" This option specifies the hash function to be used to calculate the \s-1TSA\s0's public key certificate identifier. Default is sha1. (Optional) Header "EXAMPLES" All the examples below presume that \s-1OPENSSL_CONF\s0 is set to a proper configuration file, e.g. the example configuration file \fIopenssl/apps/openssl.cnf will do. Subsection "Timestamp Request" To create a timestamp request for design1.txt with \s-1SHA-256\s0 digest, without nonce and policy, and without requirement for a certificate in the response:

.Vb 2 openssl ts -query -data design1.txt -no_nonce \e -out design1.tsq .Ve

To create a similar timestamp request with specifying the message imprint explicitly:

.Vb 2 openssl ts -query -digest b7e5d3f93198b38379852f2c04e78d73abdd0f4b \e -no_nonce -out design1.tsq .Ve

To print the content of the previous request in human readable format:

.Vb 1 openssl ts -query -in design1.tsq -text .Ve

To create a timestamp request which includes the \s-1SHA-512\s0 digest of design2.txt, requests the signer certificate and nonce, and specifies a policy id (assuming the tsa_policy1 name is defined in the \s-1OID\s0 section of the config file):

.Vb 2 openssl ts -query -data design2.txt -sha512 \e -tspolicy tsa_policy1 -cert -out design2.tsq .Ve

Subsection "Timestamp Response" Before generating a response a signing certificate must be created for the \s-1TSA\s0 that contains the timeStamping critical extended key usage extension without any other key usage extensions. You can add this line to the user certificate section of the config file to generate a proper certificate;

.Vb 1 extendedKeyUsage = critical,timeStamping .Ve

See openssl-req\|(1), openssl-ca\|(1), and openssl-x509\|(1) for instructions. The examples below assume that cacert.pem contains the certificate of the \s-1CA,\s0 tsacert.pem is the signing certificate issued by cacert.pem and tsakey.pem is the private key of the \s-1TSA.\s0

To create a timestamp response for a request:

.Vb 2 openssl ts -reply -queryfile design1.tsq -inkey tsakey.pem \e -signer tsacert.pem -out design1.tsr .Ve

If you want to use the settings in the config file you could just write:

.Vb 1 openssl ts -reply -queryfile design1.tsq -out design1.tsr .Ve

To print a timestamp reply to stdout in human readable format:

.Vb 1 openssl ts -reply -in design1.tsr -text .Ve

To create a timestamp token instead of timestamp response:

.Vb 1 openssl ts -reply -queryfile design1.tsq -out design1_token.der -token_out .Ve

To print a timestamp token to stdout in human readable format:

.Vb 1 openssl ts -reply -in design1_token.der -token_in -text -token_out .Ve

To extract the timestamp token from a response:

.Vb 1 openssl ts -reply -in design1.tsr -out design1_token.der -token_out .Ve

To add 'granted' status info to a timestamp token thereby creating a valid response:

.Vb 1 openssl ts -reply -in design1_token.der -token_in -out design1.tsr .Ve

Subsection "Timestamp Verification" To verify a timestamp reply against a request:

.Vb 2 openssl ts -verify -queryfile design1.tsq -in design1.tsr \e -CAfile cacert.pem -untrusted tsacert.pem .Ve

To verify a timestamp reply that includes the certificate chain:

.Vb 2 openssl ts -verify -queryfile design2.tsq -in design2.tsr \e -CAfile cacert.pem .Ve

To verify a timestamp token against the original data file: openssl ts -verify -data design2.txt -in design2.tsr \e -CAfile cacert.pem

To verify a timestamp token against a message imprint: openssl ts -verify -digest b7e5d3f93198b38379852f2c04e78d73abdd0f4b \e -in design2.tsr -CAfile cacert.pem

You could also look at the 'test' directory for more examples.

Header "BUGS" No support for timestamps over \s-1SMTP,\s0 though it is quite easy to implement an automatic e-mail based \s-1TSA\s0 with procmail\|(1) and perl\|(1). \s-1HTTP\s0 server support is provided in the form of a separate apache module. \s-1HTTP\s0 client support is provided by \fBtsget\|(1). Pure \s-1TCP/IP\s0 protocol is not supported. The file containing the last serial number of the \s-1TSA\s0 is not locked when being read or written. This is a problem if more than one instance of openssl\|(1) is trying to create a timestamp response at the same time. This is not an issue when using the apache server module, it does proper locking. Look for the \s-1FIXME\s0 word in the source files. The source code should really be reviewed by somebody else, too. More testing is needed, I have done only some basic tests (see test/testtsa). Header "HISTORY" OpenSSL 1.1.1 introduced a new random generator (\s-1CSPRNG\s0) with an improved seeding mechanism. The new seeding mechanism makes it unnecessary to define a \s-1RANDFILE\s0 for saving and restoring randomness. This option is retained mainly for compatibility reasons.

The -engine option was deprecated in OpenSSL 3.0.

Header "SEE ALSO" \fBopenssl\|(1), \fBtsget\|(1), \fBopenssl-req\|(1), \fBopenssl-x509\|(1), \fBopenssl-ca\|(1), \fBopenssl-genrsa\|(1), \fBconfig\|(5), \fBossl_store-file\|(7) Header "COPYRIGHT" Copyright 2006-2023 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.

Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the \*(L"License\*(R"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy in the file \s-1LICENSE\s0 in the source distribution or at <https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.