xref: /freebsd/sbin/ping/ping6.c (revision 55141f2c8991b2a6adbf30bb0fe3e6cbc303f06d)
1 /*	$KAME: ping6.c,v 1.169 2003/07/25 06:01:47 itojun Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
5  *
6  * Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
7  * All rights reserved.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 /*	BSDI	ping.c,v 2.3 1996/01/21 17:56:50 jch Exp	*/
35 
36 /*
37  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
38  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
39  *
40  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
41  * Mike Muuss.
42  *
43  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
44  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
45  * are met:
46  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
47  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
48  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
49  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
50  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
51  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
52  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
53  *    without specific prior written permission.
54  *
55  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
56  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
57  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
58  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
59  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
60  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
61  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
62  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
63  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
64  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
65  * SUCH DAMAGE.
66  */
67 
68 #if 0
69 #ifndef lint
70 static const char copyright[] =
71 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
72 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
73 #endif /* not lint */
74 
75 #ifndef lint
76 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93";
77 #endif /* not lint */
78 #endif
79 
80 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
81 /*
82  * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
83  * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
84  *
85  * Author -
86  *	Mike Muuss
87  *	U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
88  *	December, 1983
89  *
90  * Status -
91  *	Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
92  * Bugs -
93  *	More statistics could always be gathered.
94  *	This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
95  */
96 /*
97  * NOTE:
98  * USE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID assumes that sin6_scope_id has the same semantics
99  * as IPV6_PKTINFO.  Some people object it (sin6_scope_id specifies *link*
100  * while IPV6_PKTINFO specifies *interface*.  Link is defined as collection of
101  * network attached to 1 or more interfaces)
102  */
103 
104 #include <sys/param.h>
105 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
106 #include <sys/uio.h>
107 #include <sys/socket.h>
108 
109 #include <net/if.h>
110 #include <net/route.h>
111 
112 #include <netinet/in.h>
113 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
114 #include <netinet/icmp6.h>
115 #include <arpa/inet.h>
116 #include <arpa/nameser.h>
117 #include <netdb.h>
118 
119 #include <capsicum_helpers.h>
120 #include <casper/cap_dns.h>
121 #include <libcasper.h>
122 
123 #include <ctype.h>
124 #include <err.h>
125 #include <errno.h>
126 #include <fcntl.h>
127 #include <signal.h>
128 #include <stdio.h>
129 #include <stdlib.h>
130 #include <string.h>
131 #include <sysexits.h>
132 #include <time.h>
133 #include <unistd.h>
134 
135 #ifdef IPSEC
136 #include <netipsec/ah.h>
137 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
138 #endif
139 
140 #include <md5.h>
141 
142 #include "main.h"
143 #include "ping6.h"
144 
145 struct tv32 {
146 	u_int32_t tv32_sec;
147 	u_int32_t tv32_nsec;
148 };
149 
150 #define MAXPACKETLEN	131072
151 #define	IP6LEN		40
152 #define ICMP6ECHOLEN	8	/* icmp echo header len excluding time */
153 #define ICMP6ECHOTMLEN sizeof(struct tv32)
154 #define ICMP6_NIQLEN	(ICMP6ECHOLEN + 8)
155 # define CONTROLLEN	10240	/* ancillary data buffer size RFC3542 20.1 */
156 /* FQDN case, 64 bits of nonce + 32 bits ttl */
157 #define ICMP6_NIRLEN	(ICMP6ECHOLEN + 12)
158 #define	EXTRA		256	/* for AH and various other headers. weird. */
159 #define	DEFDATALEN	ICMP6ECHOTMLEN
160 #define MAXDATALEN	MAXPACKETLEN - IP6LEN - ICMP6ECHOLEN
161 #define	NROUTES		9		/* number of record route slots */
162 #define	MAXWAIT		10000		/* max ms to wait for response */
163 #define	MAXALARM	(60 * 60)	/* max seconds for alarm timeout */
164 
165 #define	A(bit)		rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3]	/* identify byte in array */
166 #define	B(bit)		(1 << ((bit) & 0x07))	/* identify bit in byte */
167 #define	SET(bit)	(A(bit) |= B(bit))
168 #define	CLR(bit)	(A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
169 #define	TST(bit)	(A(bit) & B(bit))
170 
171 #define	F_FLOOD		0x0001
172 #define	F_INTERVAL	0x0002
173 #define	F_PINGFILLED	0x0008
174 #define	F_QUIET		0x0010
175 #define	F_RROUTE	0x0020
176 #define	F_SO_DEBUG	0x0040
177 #define	F_VERBOSE	0x0100
178 #ifdef IPSEC
179 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
180 #define	F_POLICY	0x0400
181 #else
182 #define F_AUTHHDR	0x0200
183 #define F_ENCRYPT	0x0400
184 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
185 #endif /*IPSEC*/
186 #define F_NODEADDR	0x0800
187 #define F_FQDN		0x1000
188 #define F_INTERFACE	0x2000
189 #define F_SRCADDR	0x4000
190 #define F_FQDNOLD	0x20000
191 #define F_NIGROUP	0x40000
192 #define F_SUPTYPES	0x80000
193 #define F_NOMINMTU	0x100000
194 #define F_ONCE		0x200000
195 #define F_AUDIBLE	0x400000
196 #define F_MISSED	0x800000
197 #define F_DONTFRAG	0x1000000
198 #define F_NOUSERDATA	(F_NODEADDR | F_FQDN | F_FQDNOLD | F_SUPTYPES)
199 #define	F_WAITTIME	0x2000000
200 #define	F_DOT		0x4000000
201 
202 #define IN6LEN		sizeof(struct in6_addr)
203 #define SA6LEN		sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6)
204 #define DUMMY_PORT	10101
205 
206 #define SIN6(s)	((struct sockaddr_in6 *)(s))
207 
208 /*
209  * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
210  * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of.  Change 128
211  * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
212  */
213 #define	MAX_DUP_CHK	(8 * 8192)
214 static int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
215 static char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
216 
217 static struct sockaddr_in6 dst;	/* who to ping6 */
218 static struct sockaddr_in6 src;	/* src addr of this packet */
219 static socklen_t srclen;
220 static size_t datalen = DEFDATALEN;
221 static int ssend;		/* send socket file descriptor */
222 static int srecv;		/* receive socket file descriptor */
223 static u_char outpack[MAXPACKETLEN];
224 static char BSPACE = '\b';	/* characters written for flood */
225 static char BBELL = '\a';	/* characters written for AUDIBLE */
226 static const char *DOT = ".";
227 static size_t DOTlen = 1;
228 static size_t DOTidx = 0;
229 static int ident;		/* process id to identify our packets */
230 static u_int8_t nonce[8];	/* nonce field for node information */
231 static int hoplimit = -1;	/* hoplimit */
232 static int tclass = -1;		/* traffic class */
233 static int pcp = -2;		/* vlan priority code point */
234 static u_char *packet = NULL;
235 static cap_channel_t *capdns;
236 
237 /* counters */
238 static long nmissedmax;		/* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */
239 static long npackets;		/* max packets to transmit */
240 static long ntransmitfailures;	/* number of transmit failures */
241 static int interval = 1000;	/* interval between packets in ms */
242 static int waittime = MAXWAIT;	/* timeout for each packet */
243 
244 /* for node addresses */
245 static u_short naflags;
246 
247 /* for ancillary data(advanced API) */
248 static struct msghdr smsghdr;
249 static struct iovec smsgiov;
250 static char *scmsg = 0;
251 
252 static cap_channel_t *capdns_setup(void);
253 static void	 fill(char *, char *);
254 static int	 get_hoplim(struct msghdr *);
255 static int	 get_pathmtu(struct msghdr *);
256 static struct in6_pktinfo *get_rcvpktinfo(struct msghdr *);
257 static size_t	 pingerlen(void);
258 static int	 pinger(void);
259 static const char *pr_addr(struct sockaddr *, int);
260 static void	 pr_icmph(struct icmp6_hdr *, u_char *);
261 static void	 pr_iph(struct ip6_hdr *);
262 static void	 pr_suptypes(struct icmp6_nodeinfo *, size_t);
263 static void	 pr_nodeaddr(struct icmp6_nodeinfo *, int);
264 static int	 myechoreply(const struct icmp6_hdr *);
265 static int	 mynireply(const struct icmp6_nodeinfo *);
266 static const char *dnsdecode(const u_char *, const u_char *, const u_char *,
267     char *, size_t);
268 static void	 pr_pack(u_char *, int, struct msghdr *);
269 static void	 pr_exthdrs(struct msghdr *);
270 static void	 pr_ip6opt(void *, size_t);
271 static void	 pr_rthdr(void *, size_t);
272 static int	 pr_bitrange(u_int32_t, int, int);
273 static void	 pr_retip(struct ip6_hdr *, u_char *);
274 #ifdef IPSEC
275 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
276 static int	 setpolicy(int, char *);
277 #endif
278 #endif
279 static char	*nigroup(char *, int);
280 
281 int
282 ping6(int argc, char *argv[])
283 {
284 	struct timespec last, intvl;
285 	struct sockaddr_in6 from, *sin6;
286 	struct addrinfo hints, *res;
287 	struct sigaction si_sa;
288 	int cc, i;
289 	int almost_done, ch, hold, packlen, preload, optval, error;
290 	int nig_oldmcprefix = -1;
291 	u_char *datap;
292 	char *e, *target, *ifname = NULL, *gateway = NULL;
293 	int ip6optlen = 0;
294 	struct cmsghdr *scmsgp = NULL;
295 	/* For control (ancillary) data received from recvmsg() */
296 	u_char cm[CONTROLLEN];
297 #if defined(SO_SNDBUF) && defined(SO_RCVBUF)
298 	u_long lsockbufsize;
299 	int sockbufsize = 0;
300 #endif
301 	int usepktinfo = 0;
302 	struct in6_pktinfo pktinfo;
303 	char *cmsg_pktinfo = NULL;
304 	struct ip6_rthdr *rthdr = NULL;
305 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
306 	char *policy_in = NULL;
307 	char *policy_out = NULL;
308 #endif
309 	double t;
310 	u_long alarmtimeout;
311 	size_t rthlen;
312 #ifdef IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU
313 	int mflag = 0;
314 #endif
315 	cap_rights_t rights_srecv;
316 	cap_rights_t rights_ssend;
317 	cap_rights_t rights_stdin;
318 
319 	/* just to be sure */
320 	memset(&smsghdr, 0, sizeof(smsghdr));
321 	memset(&smsgiov, 0, sizeof(smsgiov));
322 	memset(&pktinfo, 0, sizeof(pktinfo));
323 
324 	intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000;
325 	intvl.tv_nsec = interval % 1000 * 1000000;
326 
327 	alarmtimeout = preload = 0;
328 	datap = &outpack[ICMP6ECHOLEN + ICMP6ECHOTMLEN];
329 	capdns = capdns_setup();
330 
331 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, PING6OPTS)) != -1) {
332 		switch (ch) {
333 		case '.':
334 			options |= F_DOT;
335 			if (optarg != NULL) {
336 				DOT = optarg;
337 				DOTlen = strlen(optarg);
338 			}
339 			break;
340 		case '6':
341 			/* This option is processed in main(). */
342 			break;
343 		case 'k':
344 		{
345 			char *cp;
346 
347 			options &= ~F_NOUSERDATA;
348 			options |= F_NODEADDR;
349 			for (cp = optarg; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
350 				switch (*cp) {
351 				case 'a':
352 					naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_ALL;
353 					break;
354 				case 'c':
355 				case 'C':
356 					naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_COMPAT;
357 					break;
358 				case 'l':
359 				case 'L':
360 					naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_LINKLOCAL;
361 					break;
362 				case 's':
363 				case 'S':
364 					naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_SITELOCAL;
365 					break;
366 				case 'g':
367 				case 'G':
368 					naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_GLOBAL;
369 					break;
370 				case 'A': /* experimental. not in the spec */
371 #ifdef NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_ANYCAST
372 					naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_ANYCAST;
373 					break;
374 #else
375 					errx(1,
376 "-a A is not supported on the platform");
377 					/*NOTREACHED*/
378 #endif
379 				default:
380 					usage();
381 					/*NOTREACHED*/
382 				}
383 			}
384 			break;
385 		}
386 		case 'b':
387 #if defined(SO_SNDBUF) && defined(SO_RCVBUF)
388 			errno = 0;
389 			e = NULL;
390 			lsockbufsize = strtoul(optarg, &e, 10);
391 			sockbufsize = (int)lsockbufsize;
392 			if (errno || !*optarg || *e ||
393 			    lsockbufsize > INT_MAX)
394 				errx(1, "invalid socket buffer size");
395 #else
396 			errx(1,
397 "-b option ignored: SO_SNDBUF/SO_RCVBUF socket options not supported");
398 #endif
399 			break;
400 		case 'C':		/* vlan priority code point */
401 			pcp = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
402 			if (*optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
403 				errx(1, "illegal vlan pcp %s", optarg);
404 			if (7 < pcp || pcp < -1)
405 				errx(1, "illegal vlan pcp -- %s", optarg);
406 			break;
407 		case 'c':
408 			npackets = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
409 			if (npackets <= 0 || *optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
410 				errx(1,
411 				    "illegal number of packets -- %s", optarg);
412 			break;
413 		case 'D':
414 			options |= F_DONTFRAG;
415 			break;
416 		case 'd':
417 			options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
418 			break;
419 		case 'f':
420 			if (getuid()) {
421 				errno = EPERM;
422 				errx(1, "Must be superuser to flood ping");
423 			}
424 			options |= F_FLOOD;
425 			options |= F_DOT;
426 			setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
427 			break;
428 		case 'e':
429 			gateway = optarg;
430 			break;
431 		case 'H':
432 			options |= F_HOSTNAME;
433 			break;
434 		case 'm':		/* hoplimit */
435 			hoplimit = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
436 			if (*optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
437 				errx(1, "illegal hoplimit %s", optarg);
438 			if (255 < hoplimit || hoplimit < -1)
439 				errx(1,
440 				    "illegal hoplimit -- %s", optarg);
441 			break;
442 		case 'I':
443 			ifname = optarg;
444 			options |= F_INTERFACE;
445 #ifndef USE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
446 			usepktinfo++;
447 #endif
448 			break;
449 		case 'i':		/* wait between sending packets */
450 			t = strtod(optarg, &e);
451 			if (*optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
452 				errx(1, "illegal timing interval %s", optarg);
453 			if (t < 1 && getuid()) {
454 				errx(1, "%s: only root may use interval < 1s",
455 				    strerror(EPERM));
456 			}
457 			intvl.tv_sec = (time_t)t;
458 			intvl.tv_nsec =
459 			    (long)((t - intvl.tv_sec) * 1000000000);
460 			if (intvl.tv_sec < 0)
461 				errx(1, "illegal timing interval %s", optarg);
462 			/* less than 1/hz does not make sense */
463 			if (intvl.tv_sec == 0 && intvl.tv_nsec < 1000) {
464 				warnx("too small interval, raised to .000001");
465 				intvl.tv_nsec = 1000;
466 			}
467 			options |= F_INTERVAL;
468 			break;
469 		case 'l':
470 			if (getuid()) {
471 				errno = EPERM;
472 				errx(1, "Must be superuser to preload");
473 			}
474 			preload = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
475 			if (preload < 0 || *optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
476 				errx(1, "illegal preload value -- %s", optarg);
477 			break;
478 		case 'u':
479 #ifdef IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU
480 			mflag++;
481 			break;
482 #else
483 			errx(1, "-%c is not supported on this platform", ch);
484 			/*NOTREACHED*/
485 #endif
486 		case 'n':
487 			options &= ~F_HOSTNAME;
488 			break;
489 		case 'N':
490 			options |= F_NIGROUP;
491 			nig_oldmcprefix++;
492 			break;
493 		case 'o':
494 			options |= F_ONCE;
495 			break;
496 		case 'p':		/* fill buffer with user pattern */
497 			options |= F_PINGFILLED;
498 			fill((char *)datap, optarg);
499 				break;
500 		case 'q':
501 			options |= F_QUIET;
502 			break;
503 		case 'a':
504 			options |= F_AUDIBLE;
505 			break;
506 		case 'A':
507 			options |= F_MISSED;
508 			break;
509 		case 'S':
510 			memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
511 			hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST; /* allow hostname? */
512 			hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
513 			hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
514 			hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
515 
516 			error = cap_getaddrinfo(capdns, optarg, NULL, &hints, &res);
517 			if (error) {
518 				errx(1, "invalid source address: %s",
519 				     gai_strerror(error));
520 			}
521 			/*
522 			 * res->ai_family must be AF_INET6 and res->ai_addrlen
523 			 * must be sizeof(src).
524 			 */
525 			memcpy(&src, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen);
526 			srclen = res->ai_addrlen;
527 			freeaddrinfo(res);
528 			options |= F_SRCADDR;
529 			break;
530 		case 's':		/* size of packet to send */
531 			datalen = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
532 			if (datalen <= 0 || *optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
533 				errx(1, "illegal datalen value -- %s", optarg);
534 			if (datalen > MAXDATALEN) {
535 				errx(1,
536 				    "datalen value too large, maximum is %d",
537 				    MAXDATALEN);
538 			}
539 			break;
540 		case 'O':
541 			options &= ~F_NOUSERDATA;
542 			options |= F_SUPTYPES;
543 			break;
544 		case 'v':
545 			options |= F_VERBOSE;
546 			break;
547 		case 'y':
548 			options &= ~F_NOUSERDATA;
549 			options |= F_FQDN;
550 			break;
551 		case 'Y':
552 			options &= ~F_NOUSERDATA;
553 			options |= F_FQDNOLD;
554 			break;
555 		case 'W':
556 			t = strtod(optarg, &e);
557 			if (*e || e == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
558 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
559 				    optarg);
560 			options |= F_WAITTIME;
561 			waittime = (int)t;
562 			break;
563 		case 't':
564 			alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &e, 0);
565 			if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX))
566 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'",
567 				    optarg);
568 			if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM)
569 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d",
570 				    optarg, MAXALARM);
571 			{
572 				struct itimerval itv;
573 
574 				timerclear(&itv.it_interval);
575 				timerclear(&itv.it_value);
576 				itv.it_value.tv_sec = (time_t)alarmtimeout;
577 				if (setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, NULL) != 0)
578 					err(1, "setitimer");
579 			}
580 			break;
581 		case 'z':		/* traffic class */
582 			tclass = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
583 			if (*optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
584 				errx(1, "illegal traffic class %s", optarg);
585 			if (255 < tclass || tclass < -1)
586 				errx(1,
587 				    "illegal traffic class -- %s", optarg);
588 			break;
589 #ifdef IPSEC
590 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
591 		case 'P':
592 			options |= F_POLICY;
593 			if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2)) {
594 				if ((policy_in = strdup(optarg)) == NULL)
595 					errx(1, "strdup");
596 			} else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3)) {
597 				if ((policy_out = strdup(optarg)) == NULL)
598 					errx(1, "strdup");
599 			} else
600 				errx(1, "invalid security policy");
601 			break;
602 #else
603 		case 'Z':
604 			options |= F_AUTHHDR;
605 			break;
606 		case 'E':
607 			options |= F_ENCRYPT;
608 			break;
609 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
610 #endif /*IPSEC*/
611 		default:
612 			usage();
613 			/*NOTREACHED*/
614 		}
615 	}
616 
617 	argc -= optind;
618 	argv += optind;
619 
620 	if (argc < 1) {
621 		usage();
622 		/*NOTREACHED*/
623 	}
624 
625 	if (argc > 1) {
626 #ifdef IPV6_RECVRTHDR	/* 2292bis */
627 		rthlen = CMSG_SPACE(inet6_rth_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0,
628 		    argc - 1));
629 #else  /* RFC2292 */
630 		rthlen = inet6_rthdr_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, argc - 1);
631 #endif
632 		if (rthlen == 0) {
633 			errx(1, "too many intermediate hops");
634 			/*NOTREACHED*/
635 		}
636 		ip6optlen += rthlen;
637 	}
638 
639 	if (options & F_NIGROUP) {
640 		target = nigroup(argv[argc - 1], nig_oldmcprefix);
641 		if (target == NULL) {
642 			usage();
643 			/*NOTREACHED*/
644 		}
645 	} else
646 		target = argv[argc - 1];
647 
648 	/* cap_getaddrinfo */
649 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
650 	hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
651 	hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
652 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
653 	hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
654 
655 	error = cap_getaddrinfo(capdns, target, NULL, &hints, &res);
656 	if (error)
657 		errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
658 		    target, gai_strerror(error));
659 	if (res->ai_canonname)
660 		hostname = strdup(res->ai_canonname);
661 	else
662 		hostname = target;
663 
664 	if (!res->ai_addr)
665 		errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s", target);
666 
667 	(void)memcpy(&dst, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen);
668 
669 	if ((ssend = socket(res->ai_family, res->ai_socktype,
670 	    res->ai_protocol)) < 0)
671 		err(1, "socket ssend");
672 	if ((srecv = socket(res->ai_family, res->ai_socktype,
673 	    res->ai_protocol)) < 0)
674 		err(1, "socket srecv");
675 	freeaddrinfo(res);
676 
677 	/* set the source address if specified. */
678 	if ((options & F_SRCADDR) != 0) {
679 		/* properly fill sin6_scope_id */
680 		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&src.sin6_addr) && (
681 		    IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&dst.sin6_addr) ||
682 		    IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(&dst.sin6_addr) ||
683 		    IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_NODELOCAL(&dst.sin6_addr))) {
684 			if (src.sin6_scope_id == 0)
685 				src.sin6_scope_id = dst.sin6_scope_id;
686 			if (dst.sin6_scope_id == 0)
687 				dst.sin6_scope_id = src.sin6_scope_id;
688 		}
689 		if (bind(ssend, (struct sockaddr *)&src, srclen) != 0)
690 			err(1, "bind");
691 	}
692 	/* set the gateway (next hop) if specified */
693 	if (gateway) {
694 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
695 		hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
696 		hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
697 		hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
698 
699 		error = cap_getaddrinfo(capdns, gateway, NULL, &hints, &res);
700 		if (error) {
701 			errx(1, "cap_getaddrinfo for the gateway %s: %s",
702 			     gateway, gai_strerror(error));
703 		}
704 		if (res->ai_next && (options & F_VERBOSE))
705 			warnx("gateway resolves to multiple addresses");
706 
707 		if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_NEXTHOP,
708 		    res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen)) {
709 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_NEXTHOP)");
710 		}
711 
712 		freeaddrinfo(res);
713 	}
714 
715 	/*
716 	 * let the kerel pass extension headers of incoming packets,
717 	 * for privileged socket options
718 	 */
719 	if ((options & F_VERBOSE) != 0) {
720 		int opton = 1;
721 
722 #ifdef IPV6_RECVHOPOPTS
723 		if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPOPTS, &opton,
724 		    sizeof(opton)))
725 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVHOPOPTS)");
726 #else  /* old adv. API */
727 		if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_HOPOPTS, &opton,
728 		    sizeof(opton)))
729 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_HOPOPTS)");
730 #endif
731 #ifdef IPV6_RECVDSTOPTS
732 		if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVDSTOPTS, &opton,
733 		    sizeof(opton)))
734 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVDSTOPTS)");
735 #else  /* old adv. API */
736 		if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_DSTOPTS, &opton,
737 		    sizeof(opton)))
738 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_DSTOPTS)");
739 #endif
740 #ifdef IPV6_RECVRTHDRDSTOPTS
741 		if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVRTHDRDSTOPTS, &opton,
742 		    sizeof(opton)))
743 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVRTHDRDSTOPTS)");
744 #endif
745 	}
746 
747 	/* revoke root privilege */
748 	if (seteuid(getuid()) != 0)
749 		err(1, "seteuid() failed");
750 	if (setuid(getuid()) != 0)
751 		err(1, "setuid() failed");
752 
753 	if ((options & F_FLOOD) && (options & F_INTERVAL))
754 		errx(1, "-f and -i incompatible options");
755 
756 	if ((options & F_NOUSERDATA) == 0) {
757 		if (datalen >= sizeof(struct tv32)) {
758 			/* we can time transfer */
759 			timing = 1;
760 		} else
761 			timing = 0;
762 		/* in F_VERBOSE case, we may get non-echoreply packets*/
763 		if (options & F_VERBOSE)
764 			packlen = 2048 + IP6LEN + ICMP6ECHOLEN + EXTRA;
765 		else
766 			packlen = datalen + IP6LEN + ICMP6ECHOLEN + EXTRA;
767 	} else {
768 		/* suppress timing for node information query */
769 		timing = 0;
770 		datalen = 2048;
771 		packlen = 2048 + IP6LEN + ICMP6ECHOLEN + EXTRA;
772 	}
773 
774 	if (!(packet = (u_char *)malloc((u_int)packlen)))
775 		err(1, "Unable to allocate packet");
776 	if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
777 		for (i = ICMP6ECHOLEN; i < packlen; ++i)
778 			*datap++ = i;
779 
780 	ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
781 	arc4random_buf(nonce, sizeof(nonce));
782 	optval = 1;
783 	if (options & F_DONTFRAG)
784 		if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_DONTFRAG,
785 		    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
786 			err(1, "IPV6_DONTFRAG");
787 	hold = 1;
788 
789 	if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) {
790 		(void)setsockopt(ssend, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
791 		    sizeof(hold));
792 		(void)setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
793 		    sizeof(hold));
794 	}
795 	optval = IPV6_DEFHLIM;
796 	if (IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(&dst.sin6_addr))
797 		if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS,
798 		    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
799 			err(1, "IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS");
800 #ifdef IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU
801 	if (mflag != 1) {
802 		optval = mflag > 1 ? 0 : 1;
803 
804 		if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU,
805 		    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
806 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU)");
807 	}
808 #ifdef IPV6_RECVPATHMTU
809 	else {
810 		optval = 1;
811 		if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVPATHMTU,
812 		    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
813 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVPATHMTU)");
814 	}
815 #endif /* IPV6_RECVPATHMTU */
816 #endif /* IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU */
817 
818 #ifdef IPSEC
819 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
820 	if (options & F_POLICY) {
821 		if (setpolicy(srecv, policy_in) < 0)
822 			errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
823 		if (setpolicy(ssend, policy_out) < 0)
824 			errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
825 	}
826 #else
827 	if (options & F_AUTHHDR) {
828 		optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE;
829 #ifdef IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL
830 		if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL,
831 		    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
832 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL)");
833 		if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL,
834 		     &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
835 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL)");
836 #else /* old def */
837 		if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL,
838 		    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
839 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL)");
840 		if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL,
841 		    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
842 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL)");
843 #endif
844 	}
845 	if (options & F_ENCRYPT) {
846 		optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE;
847 		if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL,
848 		    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
849 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL)");
850 		if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL,
851 		    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
852 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL)");
853 	}
854 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
855 #endif
856 
857 #ifdef ICMP6_FILTER
858     {
859 	struct icmp6_filter filt;
860 	if (!(options & F_VERBOSE)) {
861 		ICMP6_FILTER_SETBLOCKALL(&filt);
862 		if ((options & F_FQDN) || (options & F_FQDNOLD) ||
863 		    (options & F_NODEADDR) || (options & F_SUPTYPES))
864 			ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASS(ICMP6_NI_REPLY, &filt);
865 		else
866 			ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASS(ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY, &filt);
867 	} else {
868 		ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASSALL(&filt);
869 	}
870 	if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_ICMPV6, ICMP6_FILTER, &filt,
871 	    sizeof(filt)) < 0)
872 		err(1, "setsockopt(ICMP6_FILTER)");
873     }
874 #endif /*ICMP6_FILTER*/
875 
876 	/* let the kerel pass extension headers of incoming packets */
877 	if ((options & F_VERBOSE) != 0) {
878 		int opton = 1;
879 
880 #ifdef IPV6_RECVRTHDR
881 		if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVRTHDR, &opton,
882 		    sizeof(opton)))
883 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVRTHDR)");
884 #else  /* old adv. API */
885 		if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RTHDR, &opton,
886 		    sizeof(opton)))
887 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RTHDR)");
888 #endif
889 	}
890 
891 /*
892 	optval = 1;
893 	if (IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(&dst.sin6_addr))
894 		if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_LOOP,
895 		    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
896 			err(1, "IPV6_MULTICAST_LOOP");
897 */
898 
899 	/* Specify the outgoing interface and/or the source address */
900 	if (usepktinfo)
901 		ip6optlen += CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo));
902 
903 	if (hoplimit != -1)
904 		ip6optlen += CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int));
905 
906 	/* set IP6 packet options */
907 	if (ip6optlen) {
908 		if ((scmsg = (char *)malloc(ip6optlen)) == NULL)
909 			errx(1, "can't allocate enough memory");
910 		smsghdr.msg_control = (caddr_t)scmsg;
911 		smsghdr.msg_controllen = ip6optlen;
912 		scmsgp = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&smsghdr);
913 	}
914 	if (usepktinfo) {
915 		cmsg_pktinfo = CMSG_DATA(scmsgp);
916 		scmsgp->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo));
917 		scmsgp->cmsg_level = IPPROTO_IPV6;
918 		scmsgp->cmsg_type = IPV6_PKTINFO;
919 		scmsgp = CMSG_NXTHDR(&smsghdr, scmsgp);
920 	}
921 
922 	/* set the outgoing interface */
923 	if (ifname) {
924 #ifndef USE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
925 		/* pktinfo must have already been allocated */
926 		if ((pktinfo.ipi6_ifindex = if_nametoindex(ifname)) == 0)
927 			errx(1, "%s: invalid interface name", ifname);
928 #else
929 		if ((dst.sin6_scope_id = if_nametoindex(ifname)) == 0)
930 			errx(1, "%s: invalid interface name", ifname);
931 #endif
932 	}
933 	if (hoplimit != -1) {
934 		scmsgp->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
935 		scmsgp->cmsg_level = IPPROTO_IPV6;
936 		scmsgp->cmsg_type = IPV6_HOPLIMIT;
937 		memcpy(CMSG_DATA(scmsgp), &hoplimit, sizeof(hoplimit));
938 
939 		scmsgp = CMSG_NXTHDR(&smsghdr, scmsgp);
940 	}
941 
942 	if (tclass != -1) {
943 		if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_TCLASS,
944 		    &tclass, sizeof(tclass)) == -1)
945 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_TCLASS)");
946 	}
947 
948 	if (pcp != -2) {
949 		if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_VLAN_PCP,
950 		    &pcp, sizeof(pcp)) == -1)
951 			err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_VLAN_PCP)");
952 	}
953 
954 	if (argc > 1) {	/* some intermediate addrs are specified */
955 		int hops;
956 		int rthdrlen;
957 
958 		rthdrlen = inet6_rth_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, argc - 1);
959 		scmsgp->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(rthdrlen);
960 		scmsgp->cmsg_level = IPPROTO_IPV6;
961 		scmsgp->cmsg_type = IPV6_RTHDR;
962 		rthdr = (struct ip6_rthdr *)CMSG_DATA(scmsgp);
963 		rthdr = inet6_rth_init((void *)rthdr, rthdrlen,
964 		    IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, argc - 1);
965 		if (rthdr == NULL)
966 			errx(1, "can't initialize rthdr");
967 
968 		for (hops = 0; hops < argc - 1; hops++) {
969 			memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
970 			hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
971 
972 			if ((error = cap_getaddrinfo(capdns, argv[hops], NULL, &hints,
973 			    &res)))
974 				errx(1, "%s", gai_strerror(error));
975 			if (res->ai_addr->sa_family != AF_INET6)
976 				errx(1,
977 				    "bad addr family of an intermediate addr");
978 			sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)res->ai_addr;
979 			if (inet6_rth_add(rthdr, &sin6->sin6_addr))
980 				errx(1, "can't add an intermediate node");
981 			freeaddrinfo(res);
982 		}
983 
984 		scmsgp = CMSG_NXTHDR(&smsghdr, scmsgp);
985 	}
986 
987 	/* From now on we will use only reverse DNS lookups. */
988 #ifdef WITH_CASPER
989 	if (capdns != NULL) {
990 		const char *types[1];
991 
992 		types[0] = "ADDR2NAME";
993 		if (cap_dns_type_limit(capdns, types, nitems(types)) < 0)
994 			err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
995 	}
996 #endif
997 	if (!(options & F_SRCADDR)) {
998 		/*
999 		 * get the source address. XXX since we revoked the root
1000 		 * privilege, we cannot use a raw socket for this.
1001 		 */
1002 		int dummy;
1003 		socklen_t len = sizeof(src);
1004 
1005 		if ((dummy = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
1006 			err(1, "UDP socket");
1007 
1008 		src.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
1009 		src.sin6_addr = dst.sin6_addr;
1010 		src.sin6_port = ntohs(DUMMY_PORT);
1011 		src.sin6_scope_id = dst.sin6_scope_id;
1012 
1013 		if (usepktinfo &&
1014 		    setsockopt(dummy, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_PKTINFO,
1015 		    (void *)&pktinfo, sizeof(pktinfo)))
1016 			err(1, "UDP setsockopt(IPV6_PKTINFO)");
1017 
1018 		if (hoplimit != -1 &&
1019 		    setsockopt(dummy, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS,
1020 		    (void *)&hoplimit, sizeof(hoplimit)))
1021 			err(1, "UDP setsockopt(IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS)");
1022 
1023 		if (hoplimit != -1 &&
1024 		    setsockopt(dummy, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS,
1025 		    (void *)&hoplimit, sizeof(hoplimit)))
1026 			err(1, "UDP setsockopt(IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS)");
1027 
1028 		if (rthdr &&
1029 		    setsockopt(dummy, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RTHDR,
1030 		    (void *)rthdr, (rthdr->ip6r_len + 1) << 3))
1031 			err(1, "UDP setsockopt(IPV6_RTHDR)");
1032 
1033 		if (connect(dummy, (struct sockaddr *)&src, len) < 0)
1034 			err(1, "UDP connect");
1035 
1036 		if (getsockname(dummy, (struct sockaddr *)&src, &len) < 0)
1037 			err(1, "getsockname");
1038 
1039 		close(dummy);
1040 	}
1041 
1042 	/* Save pktinfo in the ancillary data. */
1043 	if (usepktinfo)
1044 		memcpy(cmsg_pktinfo, &pktinfo, sizeof(pktinfo));
1045 
1046 	if (connect(ssend, (struct sockaddr *)&dst, sizeof(dst)) != 0)
1047 		err(1, "connect() ssend");
1048 
1049 	caph_cache_catpages();
1050 	if (caph_enter_casper() < 0)
1051 		err(1, "caph_enter_casper");
1052 
1053 	cap_rights_init(&rights_stdin);
1054 	if (caph_rights_limit(STDIN_FILENO, &rights_stdin) < 0)
1055 		err(1, "caph_rights_limit stdin");
1056 	if (caph_limit_stdout() < 0)
1057 		err(1, "caph_limit_stdout");
1058 	if (caph_limit_stderr() < 0)
1059 		err(1, "caph_limit_stderr");
1060 
1061 	cap_rights_init(&rights_srecv, CAP_RECV, CAP_EVENT, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
1062 	if (caph_rights_limit(srecv, &rights_srecv) < 0)
1063 		err(1, "caph_rights_limit srecv");
1064 	cap_rights_init(&rights_ssend, CAP_SEND, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
1065 	if (caph_rights_limit(ssend, &rights_ssend) < 0)
1066 		err(1, "caph_rights_limit ssend");
1067 
1068 #if defined(SO_SNDBUF) && defined(SO_RCVBUF)
1069 	if (sockbufsize) {
1070 		if (datalen > (size_t)sockbufsize)
1071 			warnx("you need -b to increase socket buffer size");
1072 		if (setsockopt(ssend, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &sockbufsize,
1073 		    sizeof(sockbufsize)) < 0)
1074 			err(1, "setsockopt(SO_SNDBUF)");
1075 		if (setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &sockbufsize,
1076 		    sizeof(sockbufsize)) < 0)
1077 			err(1, "setsockopt(SO_RCVBUF)");
1078 	}
1079 	else {
1080 		if (datalen > 8 * 1024)	/*XXX*/
1081 			warnx("you need -b to increase socket buffer size");
1082 		/*
1083 		 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of
1084 		 * answers. Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying
1085 		 * to stress the ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache
1086 		 * to get some stuff for /etc/ethers.
1087 		 */
1088 		hold = 48 * 1024;
1089 		setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
1090 		    sizeof(hold));
1091 	}
1092 #endif
1093 
1094 	optval = 1;
1095 #ifndef USE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
1096 #ifdef IPV6_RECVPKTINFO
1097 	if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVPKTINFO, &optval,
1098 	    sizeof(optval)) < 0)
1099 		warn("setsockopt(IPV6_RECVPKTINFO)"); /* XXX err? */
1100 #else  /* old adv. API */
1101 	if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_PKTINFO, &optval,
1102 	    sizeof(optval)) < 0)
1103 		warn("setsockopt(IPV6_PKTINFO)"); /* XXX err? */
1104 #endif
1105 #endif /* USE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID */
1106 #ifdef IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT
1107 	if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT, &optval,
1108 	    sizeof(optval)) < 0)
1109 		warn("setsockopt(IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT)"); /* XXX err? */
1110 #else  /* old adv. API */
1111 	if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_HOPLIMIT, &optval,
1112 	    sizeof(optval)) < 0)
1113 		warn("setsockopt(IPV6_HOPLIMIT)"); /* XXX err? */
1114 #endif
1115 
1116 	cap_rights_clear(&rights_srecv, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
1117 	if (caph_rights_limit(srecv, &rights_srecv) < 0)
1118 		err(1, "caph_rights_limit srecv setsockopt");
1119 	cap_rights_clear(&rights_ssend, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
1120 	if (caph_rights_limit(ssend, &rights_ssend) < 0)
1121 		err(1, "caph_rights_limit ssend setsockopt");
1122 
1123 	printf("PING(%lu=40+8+%lu bytes) ", (unsigned long)(40 + pingerlen()),
1124 	    (unsigned long)(pingerlen() - 8));
1125 	printf("%s --> ", pr_addr((struct sockaddr *)&src, sizeof(src)));
1126 	printf("%s\n", pr_addr((struct sockaddr *)&dst, sizeof(dst)));
1127 
1128 	if (preload == 0)
1129 		pinger();
1130 	else {
1131 		if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets)
1132 			preload = npackets;
1133 		while (preload--)
1134 			pinger();
1135 	}
1136 	clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last);
1137 
1138 	sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
1139 	si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
1140 	si_sa.sa_handler = onsignal;
1141 	if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
1142 		err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT");
1143 	seenint = 0;
1144 	if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
1145 		err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINFO");
1146 	seeninfo = 0;
1147 	if (alarmtimeout > 0) {
1148 		if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
1149 			err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM");
1150 	}
1151 	if (options & F_FLOOD) {
1152 		intvl.tv_sec = 0;
1153 		intvl.tv_nsec = 10000000;
1154 	}
1155 
1156 	almost_done = 0;
1157 	while (seenint == 0) {
1158 		struct timespec now, timeout;
1159 		struct msghdr m;
1160 		struct iovec iov[2];
1161 		fd_set rfds;
1162 		int n;
1163 
1164 		/* signal handling */
1165 		if (seeninfo) {
1166 			pr_summary(stderr);
1167 			seeninfo = 0;
1168 			continue;
1169 		}
1170 		FD_ZERO(&rfds);
1171 		FD_SET(srecv, &rfds);
1172 		clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
1173 		timespecadd(&last, &intvl, &timeout);
1174 		timespecsub(&timeout, &now, &timeout);
1175 		if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
1176 			timespecclear(&timeout);
1177 
1178 		n = pselect(srecv + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout, NULL);
1179 		if (n < 0)
1180 			continue;	/* EINTR */
1181 		if (n == 1) {
1182 			m.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from;
1183 			m.msg_namelen = sizeof(from);
1184 			memset(&iov, 0, sizeof(iov));
1185 			iov[0].iov_base = (caddr_t)packet;
1186 			iov[0].iov_len = packlen;
1187 			m.msg_iov = iov;
1188 			m.msg_iovlen = 1;
1189 			memset(cm, 0, CONTROLLEN);
1190 			m.msg_control = (void *)cm;
1191 			m.msg_controllen = CONTROLLEN;
1192 
1193 			cc = recvmsg(srecv, &m, 0);
1194 			if (cc < 0) {
1195 				if (errno != EINTR) {
1196 					warn("recvmsg");
1197 					sleep(1);
1198 				}
1199 				continue;
1200 			} else if (cc == 0) {
1201 				int mtu;
1202 
1203 				/*
1204 				 * receive control messages only. Process the
1205 				 * exceptions (currently the only possibility is
1206 				 * a path MTU notification.)
1207 				 */
1208 				if ((mtu = get_pathmtu(&m)) > 0) {
1209 					if ((options & F_VERBOSE) != 0) {
1210 						printf("new path MTU (%d) is "
1211 						    "notified\n", mtu);
1212 					}
1213 				}
1214 				continue;
1215 			} else {
1216 				/*
1217 				 * an ICMPv6 message (probably an echoreply)
1218 				 * arrived.
1219 				 */
1220 				pr_pack(packet, cc, &m);
1221 			}
1222 			if (((options & F_ONCE) != 0 && nreceived > 0) ||
1223 			    (npackets > 0 && nreceived >= npackets))
1224 				break;
1225 		}
1226 		if (n == 0 || (options & F_FLOOD)) {
1227 			if (npackets == 0 || ntransmitted < npackets)
1228 				pinger();
1229 			else {
1230 				if (almost_done)
1231 					break;
1232 				almost_done = 1;
1233 				/*
1234 				 * If we're not transmitting any more packets,
1235 				 * change the timer to wait two round-trip times
1236 				 * if we've received any packets or (waittime)
1237 				 * milliseconds if we haven't.
1238 				 */
1239 				intvl.tv_nsec = 0;
1240 				if (nreceived) {
1241 					intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000;
1242 					if (intvl.tv_sec == 0)
1243 						intvl.tv_sec = 1;
1244 				} else {
1245 					intvl.tv_sec = waittime / 1000;
1246 					intvl.tv_nsec =
1247 					    waittime % 1000 * 1000000;
1248 				}
1249 			}
1250 			clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last);
1251 			if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) {
1252 				nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1;
1253 				if (options & F_MISSED)
1254 					(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
1255 			}
1256 		}
1257 	}
1258 	sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
1259 	si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
1260 	si_sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
1261 	sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0);
1262 	sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0);
1263 	pr_summary(stdout);
1264 
1265         if(packet != NULL)
1266                 free(packet);
1267 
1268 	if (nreceived > 0)
1269 		exit(0);
1270 	else if (ntransmitted > ntransmitfailures)
1271 		exit(2);
1272 	else
1273 		exit(EX_OSERR);
1274 }
1275 
1276 /*
1277  * pinger --
1278  *	Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
1279  * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
1280  * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first 8 bytes
1281  * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timespec" struct in VAX
1282  * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
1283  */
1284 static size_t
1285 pingerlen(void)
1286 {
1287 	size_t l;
1288 
1289 	if (options & F_FQDN)
1290 		l = ICMP6_NIQLEN + sizeof(dst.sin6_addr);
1291 	else if (options & F_FQDNOLD)
1292 		l = ICMP6_NIQLEN;
1293 	else if (options & F_NODEADDR)
1294 		l = ICMP6_NIQLEN + sizeof(dst.sin6_addr);
1295 	else if (options & F_SUPTYPES)
1296 		l = ICMP6_NIQLEN;
1297 	else
1298 		l = ICMP6ECHOLEN + datalen;
1299 
1300 	return l;
1301 }
1302 
1303 static int
1304 pinger(void)
1305 {
1306 	struct icmp6_hdr *icp;
1307 	struct iovec iov[2];
1308 	int i, cc;
1309 	struct icmp6_nodeinfo *nip;
1310 	uint16_t seq;
1311 
1312 	if (npackets && ntransmitted >= npackets)
1313 		return(-1);	/* no more transmission */
1314 
1315 	icp = (struct icmp6_hdr *)outpack;
1316 	nip = (struct icmp6_nodeinfo *)outpack;
1317 	memset(icp, 0, sizeof(*icp));
1318 	icp->icmp6_cksum = 0;
1319 	seq = ntransmitted++;
1320 	CLR(seq % mx_dup_ck);
1321 
1322 	if (options & F_FQDN) {
1323 		uint16_t s;
1324 
1325 		icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_NI_QUERY;
1326 		icp->icmp6_code = ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_IPV6;
1327 		nip->ni_qtype = htons(NI_QTYPE_FQDN);
1328 		nip->ni_flags = htons(0);
1329 
1330 		memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, nonce,
1331 		    sizeof(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce));
1332 		s = htons(seq);
1333 		memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, &s, sizeof(s));
1334 
1335 		memcpy(&outpack[ICMP6_NIQLEN], &dst.sin6_addr,
1336 		    sizeof(dst.sin6_addr));
1337 		cc = ICMP6_NIQLEN + sizeof(dst.sin6_addr);
1338 		datalen = 0;
1339 	} else if (options & F_FQDNOLD) {
1340 		uint16_t s;
1341 		/* packet format in 03 draft - no Subject data on queries */
1342 		icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_NI_QUERY;
1343 		icp->icmp6_code = 0;	/* code field is always 0 */
1344 		nip->ni_qtype = htons(NI_QTYPE_FQDN);
1345 		nip->ni_flags = htons(0);
1346 
1347 		memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, nonce,
1348 		    sizeof(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce));
1349 		s = htons(seq);
1350 		memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, &s, sizeof(s));
1351 
1352 		cc = ICMP6_NIQLEN;
1353 		datalen = 0;
1354 	} else if (options & F_NODEADDR) {
1355 		uint16_t s;
1356 
1357 		icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_NI_QUERY;
1358 		icp->icmp6_code = ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_IPV6;
1359 		nip->ni_qtype = htons(NI_QTYPE_NODEADDR);
1360 		nip->ni_flags = naflags;
1361 
1362 		memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, nonce,
1363 		    sizeof(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce));
1364 		s = htons(seq);
1365 		memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, &s, sizeof(s));
1366 
1367 		memcpy(&outpack[ICMP6_NIQLEN], &dst.sin6_addr,
1368 		    sizeof(dst.sin6_addr));
1369 		cc = ICMP6_NIQLEN + sizeof(dst.sin6_addr);
1370 		datalen = 0;
1371 	} else if (options & F_SUPTYPES) {
1372 		uint16_t s;
1373 
1374 		icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_NI_QUERY;
1375 		icp->icmp6_code = ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_FQDN;	/*empty*/
1376 		nip->ni_qtype = htons(NI_QTYPE_SUPTYPES);
1377 		/* we support compressed bitmap */
1378 		nip->ni_flags = NI_SUPTYPE_FLAG_COMPRESS;
1379 
1380 		memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, nonce,
1381 		    sizeof(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce));
1382 		s = htons(seq);
1383 		memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, &s, sizeof(s));
1384 
1385 		cc = ICMP6_NIQLEN;
1386 		datalen = 0;
1387 	} else {
1388 		icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST;
1389 		icp->icmp6_code = 0;
1390 		icp->icmp6_id = htons(ident);
1391 		icp->icmp6_seq = htons(seq);
1392 		if (timing) {
1393 			struct timespec tv;
1394 			struct tv32 tv32;
1395 			(void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tv);
1396 			/*
1397 			 * Truncate seconds down to 32 bits in order
1398 			 * to fit the timestamp within 8 bytes of the
1399 			 * packet. We're only concerned with
1400 			 * durations, not absolute times.
1401 			 */
1402 			tv32.tv32_sec = (uint32_t)htonl(tv.tv_sec);
1403 			tv32.tv32_nsec = (uint32_t)htonl(tv.tv_nsec);
1404 			memcpy(&outpack[ICMP6ECHOLEN], &tv32, sizeof(tv32));
1405 		}
1406 		cc = ICMP6ECHOLEN + datalen;
1407 	}
1408 
1409 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
1410 	if (pingerlen() != cc)
1411 		errx(1, "internal error; length mismatch");
1412 #endif
1413 
1414 	memset(&iov, 0, sizeof(iov));
1415 	iov[0].iov_base = (caddr_t)outpack;
1416 	iov[0].iov_len = cc;
1417 	smsghdr.msg_iov = iov;
1418 	smsghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
1419 
1420 	i = sendmsg(ssend, &smsghdr, 0);
1421 
1422 	if (i < 0 || i != cc)  {
1423 		if (i < 0) {
1424 			ntransmitfailures++;
1425 			warn("sendmsg");
1426 		}
1427 		(void)printf("ping: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n",
1428 		    hostname, cc, i);
1429 	}
1430 	if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_DOT)
1431 		(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT[DOTidx++ % DOTlen], 1);
1432 
1433 	return(0);
1434 }
1435 
1436 static int
1437 myechoreply(const struct icmp6_hdr *icp)
1438 {
1439 	if (ntohs(icp->icmp6_id) == ident)
1440 		return 1;
1441 	else
1442 		return 0;
1443 }
1444 
1445 static int
1446 mynireply(const struct icmp6_nodeinfo *nip)
1447 {
1448 	if (memcmp(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce + sizeof(u_int16_t),
1449 	    nonce + sizeof(u_int16_t),
1450 	    sizeof(nonce) - sizeof(u_int16_t)) == 0)
1451 		return 1;
1452 	else
1453 		return 0;
1454 }
1455 
1456 /*
1457  * Decode a name from a DNS message.
1458  *
1459  * Format of the message is described in RFC 1035 subsection 4.1.4.
1460  *
1461  * Arguments:
1462  *   sp     - Pointer to a DNS pointer octet or to the first octet of a label
1463  *            in the message.
1464  *   ep     - Pointer to the end of the message (one step past the last octet).
1465  *   base   - Pointer to the beginning of the message.
1466  *   buf    - Buffer into which the decoded name will be saved.
1467  *   bufsiz - Size of the buffer 'buf'.
1468  *
1469  * Return value:
1470  *   Pointer to an octet immediately following the ending zero octet
1471  *   of the decoded label, or NULL if an error occurred.
1472  */
1473 static const char *
1474 dnsdecode(const u_char *sp, const u_char *ep, const u_char *base, char *buf,
1475 	size_t bufsiz)
1476 {
1477 	int i;
1478 	const u_char *cp;
1479 	char cresult[MAXDNAME + 1];
1480 	const u_char *comp;
1481 	int l;
1482 
1483 	cp = sp;
1484 	*buf = '\0';
1485 
1486 	if (cp >= ep)
1487 		return NULL;
1488 	while (cp < ep) {
1489 		i = *cp;
1490 		if (i == 0 || cp != sp) {
1491 			if (strlcat((char *)buf, ".", bufsiz) >= bufsiz)
1492 				return NULL;	/*result overrun*/
1493 		}
1494 		if (i == 0)
1495 			break;
1496 		cp++;
1497 
1498 		if ((i & 0xc0) == 0xc0 && cp - base > (i & 0x3f)) {
1499 			/* DNS compression */
1500 			if (!base)
1501 				return NULL;
1502 
1503 			comp = base + (i & 0x3f);
1504 			if (dnsdecode(comp, cp, base, cresult,
1505 			    sizeof(cresult)) == NULL)
1506 				return NULL;
1507 			if (strlcat(buf, cresult, bufsiz) >= bufsiz)
1508 				return NULL;	/*result overrun*/
1509 			break;
1510 		} else if ((i & 0x3f) == i) {
1511 			if (i > ep - cp)
1512 				return NULL;	/*source overrun*/
1513 			while (i-- > 0 && cp < ep) {
1514 				l = snprintf(cresult, sizeof(cresult),
1515 				    isprint(*cp) ? "%c" : "\\%03o", *cp & 0xff);
1516 				if ((size_t)l >= sizeof(cresult) || l < 0)
1517 					return NULL;
1518 				if (strlcat(buf, cresult, bufsiz) >= bufsiz)
1519 					return NULL;	/*result overrun*/
1520 				cp++;
1521 			}
1522 		} else
1523 			return NULL;	/*invalid label*/
1524 	}
1525 	if (i != 0)
1526 		return NULL;	/*not terminated*/
1527 	cp++;
1528 	return cp;
1529 }
1530 
1531 /*
1532  * pr_pack --
1533  *	Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
1534  * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
1535  * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
1536  * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
1537  */
1538 static void
1539 pr_pack(u_char *buf, int cc, struct msghdr *mhdr)
1540 {
1541 #define safeputc(c)	printf((isprint((c)) ? "%c" : "\\%03o"), c)
1542 	struct icmp6_hdr *icp;
1543 	struct icmp6_nodeinfo *ni;
1544 	int i;
1545 	int hoplim;
1546 	struct sockaddr *from;
1547 	int fromlen;
1548 	const u_char *cp = NULL;
1549 	u_char *dp, *end = buf + cc;
1550 	struct in6_pktinfo *pktinfo = NULL;
1551 	struct timespec tv, tp;
1552 	struct tv32 tpp;
1553 	double triptime = 0;
1554 	int dupflag;
1555 	size_t off;
1556 	int oldfqdn;
1557 	u_int16_t seq;
1558 	char dnsname[MAXDNAME + 1];
1559 
1560 	(void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tv);
1561 
1562 	if (!mhdr || !mhdr->msg_name ||
1563 	    mhdr->msg_namelen != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6) ||
1564 	    ((struct sockaddr *)mhdr->msg_name)->sa_family != AF_INET6) {
1565 		if (options & F_VERBOSE)
1566 			warnx("invalid peername");
1567 		return;
1568 	}
1569 	from = (struct sockaddr *)mhdr->msg_name;
1570 	fromlen = mhdr->msg_namelen;
1571 	if (cc < (int)sizeof(struct icmp6_hdr)) {
1572 		if (options & F_VERBOSE)
1573 			warnx("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc,
1574 			    pr_addr(from, fromlen));
1575 		return;
1576 	}
1577 	if (((mhdr->msg_flags & MSG_CTRUNC) != 0) &&
1578 	    (options & F_VERBOSE) != 0)
1579 		warnx("some control data discarded, insufficient buffer size");
1580 	icp = (struct icmp6_hdr *)buf;
1581 	ni = (struct icmp6_nodeinfo *)buf;
1582 	off = 0;
1583 
1584 	if ((hoplim = get_hoplim(mhdr)) == -1) {
1585 		warnx("failed to get receiving hop limit");
1586 		return;
1587 	}
1588 	if ((pktinfo = get_rcvpktinfo(mhdr)) == NULL) {
1589 		warnx("failed to get receiving packet information");
1590 		return;
1591 	}
1592 
1593 	if (icp->icmp6_type == ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY && myechoreply(icp)) {
1594 		seq = ntohs(icp->icmp6_seq);
1595 		++nreceived;
1596 		if (timing) {
1597 			memcpy(&tpp, icp + 1, sizeof(tpp));
1598 			tp.tv_sec = ntohl(tpp.tv32_sec);
1599 			tp.tv_nsec = ntohl(tpp.tv32_nsec);
1600 			timespecsub(&tv, &tp, &tv);
1601 			triptime = ((double)tv.tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
1602 			    ((double)tv.tv_nsec) / 1000000.0;
1603 			tsum += triptime;
1604 			tsumsq += triptime * triptime;
1605 			if (triptime < tmin)
1606 				tmin = triptime;
1607 			if (triptime > tmax)
1608 				tmax = triptime;
1609 		}
1610 
1611 		if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
1612 			++nrepeats;
1613 			--nreceived;
1614 			dupflag = 1;
1615 		} else {
1616 			SET(seq % mx_dup_ck);
1617 			dupflag = 0;
1618 		}
1619 
1620 		if (options & F_QUIET)
1621 			return;
1622 
1623 		if (options & F_WAITTIME && triptime > waittime) {
1624 			++nrcvtimeout;
1625 			return;
1626 		}
1627 
1628 		if (options & F_DOT)
1629 			(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
1630 		else {
1631 			if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
1632 				(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
1633 			(void)printf("%d bytes from %s, icmp_seq=%u", cc,
1634 			    pr_addr(from, fromlen), seq);
1635 			(void)printf(" hlim=%d", hoplim);
1636 			if ((options & F_VERBOSE) != 0) {
1637 				struct sockaddr_in6 dstsa;
1638 
1639 				memset(&dstsa, 0, sizeof(dstsa));
1640 				dstsa.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
1641 				dstsa.sin6_len = sizeof(dstsa);
1642 				dstsa.sin6_scope_id = pktinfo->ipi6_ifindex;
1643 				dstsa.sin6_addr = pktinfo->ipi6_addr;
1644 				(void)printf(" dst=%s",
1645 				    pr_addr((struct sockaddr *)&dstsa,
1646 				    sizeof(dstsa)));
1647 			}
1648 			if (timing)
1649 				(void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime);
1650 			if (dupflag)
1651 				(void)printf("(DUP!)");
1652 			/* check the data */
1653 			cp = buf + off + ICMP6ECHOLEN + ICMP6ECHOTMLEN;
1654 			dp = outpack + ICMP6ECHOLEN + ICMP6ECHOTMLEN;
1655 			for (i = 8; cp < end; ++i, ++cp, ++dp) {
1656 				if (*cp != *dp) {
1657 					(void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x", i, *dp, *cp);
1658 					break;
1659 				}
1660 			}
1661 		}
1662 	} else if (icp->icmp6_type == ICMP6_NI_REPLY && mynireply(ni)) {
1663 		memcpy(&seq, ni->icmp6_ni_nonce, sizeof(seq));
1664 		seq = ntohs(seq);
1665 		++nreceived;
1666 		if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
1667 			++nrepeats;
1668 			--nreceived;
1669 			dupflag = 1;
1670 		} else {
1671 			SET(seq % mx_dup_ck);
1672 			dupflag = 0;
1673 		}
1674 
1675 		if (options & F_QUIET)
1676 			return;
1677 
1678 		(void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, pr_addr(from, fromlen));
1679 
1680 		switch (ntohs(ni->ni_code)) {
1681 		case ICMP6_NI_SUCCESS:
1682 			break;
1683 		case ICMP6_NI_REFUSED:
1684 			printf("refused, type 0x%x", ntohs(ni->ni_type));
1685 			goto fqdnend;
1686 		case ICMP6_NI_UNKNOWN:
1687 			printf("unknown, type 0x%x", ntohs(ni->ni_type));
1688 			goto fqdnend;
1689 		default:
1690 			printf("unknown code 0x%x, type 0x%x",
1691 			    ntohs(ni->ni_code), ntohs(ni->ni_type));
1692 			goto fqdnend;
1693 		}
1694 
1695 		switch (ntohs(ni->ni_qtype)) {
1696 		case NI_QTYPE_NOOP:
1697 			printf("NodeInfo NOOP");
1698 			break;
1699 		case NI_QTYPE_SUPTYPES:
1700 			pr_suptypes(ni, end - (u_char *)ni);
1701 			break;
1702 		case NI_QTYPE_NODEADDR:
1703 			pr_nodeaddr(ni, end - (u_char *)ni);
1704 			break;
1705 		case NI_QTYPE_FQDN:
1706 		default:	/* XXX: for backward compatibility */
1707 			cp = (u_char *)ni + ICMP6_NIRLEN;
1708 			if (buf[off + ICMP6_NIRLEN] ==
1709 			    cc - off - ICMP6_NIRLEN - 1)
1710 				oldfqdn = 1;
1711 			else
1712 				oldfqdn = 0;
1713 			if (oldfqdn) {
1714 				cp++;	/* skip length */
1715 				while (cp < end) {
1716 					safeputc(*cp & 0xff);
1717 					cp++;
1718 				}
1719 			} else {
1720 				i = 0;
1721 				while (cp < end) {
1722 					cp = dnsdecode((const u_char *)cp, end,
1723 					    (const u_char *)(ni + 1), dnsname,
1724 					    sizeof(dnsname));
1725 					if (cp == NULL) {
1726 						printf("???");
1727 						break;
1728 					}
1729 					/*
1730 					 * name-lookup special handling for
1731 					 * truncated name
1732 					 */
1733 					if (cp + 1 <= end && !*cp &&
1734 					    strlen(dnsname) > 0) {
1735 						dnsname[strlen(dnsname) - 1] = '\0';
1736 						cp++;
1737 					}
1738 					printf("%s%s", i > 0 ? "," : "",
1739 					    dnsname);
1740 				}
1741 			}
1742 			if (options & F_VERBOSE) {
1743 				u_long t;
1744 				int32_t ttl;
1745 				int comma = 0;
1746 
1747 				(void)printf(" (");	/*)*/
1748 
1749 				switch (ni->ni_code) {
1750 				case ICMP6_NI_REFUSED:
1751 					(void)printf("refused");
1752 					comma++;
1753 					break;
1754 				case ICMP6_NI_UNKNOWN:
1755 					(void)printf("unknown qtype");
1756 					comma++;
1757 					break;
1758 				}
1759 
1760 				if ((end - (u_char *)ni) < ICMP6_NIRLEN) {
1761 					/* case of refusion, unknown */
1762 					/*(*/
1763 					putchar(')');
1764 					goto fqdnend;
1765 				}
1766 				memcpy(&t, &buf[off+ICMP6ECHOLEN+8], sizeof(t));
1767 				ttl = (int32_t)ntohl(t);
1768 				if (comma)
1769 					printf(",");
1770 				if (!(ni->ni_flags & NI_FQDN_FLAG_VALIDTTL)) {
1771 					(void)printf("TTL=%d:meaningless",
1772 					    (int)ttl);
1773 				} else {
1774 					if (ttl < 0) {
1775 						(void)printf("TTL=%d:invalid",
1776 						   ttl);
1777 					} else
1778 						(void)printf("TTL=%d", ttl);
1779 				}
1780 				comma++;
1781 
1782 				if (oldfqdn) {
1783 					if (comma)
1784 						printf(",");
1785 					printf("03 draft");
1786 					comma++;
1787 				} else {
1788 					cp = (u_char *)ni + ICMP6_NIRLEN;
1789 					if (cp == end) {
1790 						if (comma)
1791 							printf(",");
1792 						printf("no name");
1793 						comma++;
1794 					}
1795 				}
1796 
1797 				if (buf[off + ICMP6_NIRLEN] !=
1798 				    cc - off - ICMP6_NIRLEN - 1 && oldfqdn) {
1799 					if (comma)
1800 						printf(",");
1801 					(void)printf("invalid namelen:%d/%lu",
1802 					    buf[off + ICMP6_NIRLEN],
1803 					    (u_long)cc - off - ICMP6_NIRLEN - 1);
1804 					comma++;
1805 				}
1806 				/*(*/
1807 				putchar(')');
1808 			}
1809 		fqdnend:
1810 			;
1811 		}
1812 	} else {
1813 		/* We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY */
1814 		if (!(options & F_VERBOSE))
1815 			return;
1816 		(void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, pr_addr(from, fromlen));
1817 		pr_icmph(icp, end);
1818 	}
1819 
1820 	if (!(options & F_DOT)) {
1821 		(void)putchar('\n');
1822 		if (options & F_VERBOSE)
1823 			pr_exthdrs(mhdr);
1824 		(void)fflush(stdout);
1825 	}
1826 #undef safeputc
1827 }
1828 
1829 static void
1830 pr_exthdrs(struct msghdr *mhdr)
1831 {
1832 	ssize_t	bufsize;
1833 	void	*bufp;
1834 	struct cmsghdr *cm;
1835 
1836 	bufsize = 0;
1837 	bufp = mhdr->msg_control;
1838 	for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
1839 	     cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
1840 		if (cm->cmsg_level != IPPROTO_IPV6)
1841 			continue;
1842 
1843 		bufsize = CONTROLLEN - ((caddr_t)CMSG_DATA(cm) - (caddr_t)bufp);
1844 		if (bufsize <= 0)
1845 			continue;
1846 		switch (cm->cmsg_type) {
1847 		case IPV6_HOPOPTS:
1848 			printf("  HbH Options: ");
1849 			pr_ip6opt(CMSG_DATA(cm), (size_t)bufsize);
1850 			break;
1851 		case IPV6_DSTOPTS:
1852 #ifdef IPV6_RTHDRDSTOPTS
1853 		case IPV6_RTHDRDSTOPTS:
1854 #endif
1855 			printf("  Dst Options: ");
1856 			pr_ip6opt(CMSG_DATA(cm), (size_t)bufsize);
1857 			break;
1858 		case IPV6_RTHDR:
1859 			printf("  Routing: ");
1860 			pr_rthdr(CMSG_DATA(cm), (size_t)bufsize);
1861 			break;
1862 		}
1863 	}
1864 }
1865 
1866 static void
1867 pr_ip6opt(void *extbuf, size_t bufsize)
1868 {
1869 	struct ip6_hbh *ext;
1870 	int currentlen;
1871 	u_int8_t type;
1872 	socklen_t extlen, len;
1873 	void *databuf;
1874 	size_t offset;
1875 	u_int16_t value2;
1876 	u_int32_t value4;
1877 
1878 	ext = (struct ip6_hbh *)extbuf;
1879 	extlen = (ext->ip6h_len + 1) * 8;
1880 	printf("nxt %u, len %u (%lu bytes)\n", ext->ip6h_nxt,
1881 	    (unsigned int)ext->ip6h_len, (unsigned long)extlen);
1882 
1883 	/*
1884 	 * Bounds checking on the ancillary data buffer:
1885 	 *     subtract the size of a cmsg structure from the buffer size.
1886 	 */
1887 	if (bufsize < (extlen  + CMSG_SPACE(0))) {
1888 		extlen = bufsize - CMSG_SPACE(0);
1889 		warnx("options truncated, showing only %u (total=%u)",
1890 		    (unsigned int)(extlen / 8 - 1),
1891 		    (unsigned int)(ext->ip6h_len));
1892 	}
1893 
1894 	currentlen = 0;
1895 	while (1) {
1896 		currentlen = inet6_opt_next(extbuf, extlen, currentlen,
1897 		    &type, &len, &databuf);
1898 		if (currentlen == -1)
1899 			break;
1900 		switch (type) {
1901 		/*
1902 		 * Note that inet6_opt_next automatically skips any padding
1903 		 * optins.
1904 		 */
1905 		case IP6OPT_JUMBO:
1906 			offset = 0;
1907 			offset = inet6_opt_get_val(databuf, offset,
1908 			    &value4, sizeof(value4));
1909 			printf("    Jumbo Payload Opt: Length %u\n",
1910 			    (u_int32_t)ntohl(value4));
1911 			break;
1912 		case IP6OPT_ROUTER_ALERT:
1913 			offset = 0;
1914 			offset = inet6_opt_get_val(databuf, offset,
1915 						   &value2, sizeof(value2));
1916 			printf("    Router Alert Opt: Type %u\n",
1917 			    ntohs(value2));
1918 			break;
1919 		default:
1920 			printf("    Received Opt %u len %lu\n",
1921 			    type, (unsigned long)len);
1922 			break;
1923 		}
1924 	}
1925 	return;
1926 }
1927 
1928 static void
1929 pr_rthdr(void *extbuf, size_t bufsize)
1930 {
1931 	struct in6_addr *in6;
1932 	char ntopbuf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
1933 	struct ip6_rthdr *rh = (struct ip6_rthdr *)extbuf;
1934 	int i, segments, origsegs, rthsize, size0, size1;
1935 
1936 	/* print fixed part of the header */
1937 	printf("nxt %u, len %u (%d bytes), type %u, ", rh->ip6r_nxt,
1938 	    rh->ip6r_len, (rh->ip6r_len + 1) << 3, rh->ip6r_type);
1939 	if ((segments = inet6_rth_segments(extbuf)) >= 0) {
1940 		printf("%d segments, ", segments);
1941 		printf("%d left\n", rh->ip6r_segleft);
1942 	} else {
1943 		printf("segments unknown, ");
1944 		printf("%d left\n", rh->ip6r_segleft);
1945 		return;
1946 	}
1947 
1948 	/*
1949 	 * Bounds checking on the ancillary data buffer. When calculating
1950 	 * the number of items to show keep in mind:
1951 	 *	- The size of the cmsg structure
1952 	 *	- The size of one segment (the size of a Type 0 routing header)
1953 	 *	- When dividing add a fudge factor of one in case the
1954 	 *	  dividend is not evenly divisible by the divisor
1955 	 */
1956 	rthsize = (rh->ip6r_len + 1) * 8;
1957 	if (bufsize < (rthsize + CMSG_SPACE(0))) {
1958 		origsegs = segments;
1959 		size0 = inet6_rth_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, 0);
1960 		size1 = inet6_rth_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, 1);
1961 		segments -= (rthsize - (bufsize - CMSG_SPACE(0))) /
1962 		    (size1 - size0) + 1;
1963 		warnx("segments truncated, showing only %d (total=%d)",
1964 		    segments, origsegs);
1965 	}
1966 
1967 	for (i = 0; i < segments; i++) {
1968 		in6 = inet6_rth_getaddr(extbuf, i);
1969 		if (in6 == NULL)
1970 			printf("   [%d]<NULL>\n", i);
1971 		else {
1972 			if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, in6, ntopbuf,
1973 			    sizeof(ntopbuf)))
1974 				strlcpy(ntopbuf, "?", sizeof(ntopbuf));
1975 			printf("   [%d]%s\n", i, ntopbuf);
1976 		}
1977 	}
1978 
1979 	return;
1980 
1981 }
1982 
1983 static int
1984 pr_bitrange(u_int32_t v, int soff, int ii)
1985 {
1986 	int off;
1987 	int i;
1988 
1989 	off = 0;
1990 	while (off < 32) {
1991 		/* shift till we have 0x01 */
1992 		if ((v & 0x01) == 0) {
1993 			if (ii > 1)
1994 				printf("-%u", soff + off - 1);
1995 			ii = 0;
1996 			switch (v & 0x0f) {
1997 			case 0x00:
1998 				v >>= 4;
1999 				off += 4;
2000 				continue;
2001 			case 0x08:
2002 				v >>= 3;
2003 				off += 3;
2004 				continue;
2005 			case 0x04: case 0x0c:
2006 				v >>= 2;
2007 				off += 2;
2008 				continue;
2009 			default:
2010 				v >>= 1;
2011 				off += 1;
2012 				continue;
2013 			}
2014 		}
2015 
2016 		/* we have 0x01 with us */
2017 		for (i = 0; i < 32 - off; i++) {
2018 			if ((v & (0x01 << i)) == 0)
2019 				break;
2020 		}
2021 		if (!ii)
2022 			printf(" %u", soff + off);
2023 		ii += i;
2024 		v >>= i; off += i;
2025 	}
2026 	return ii;
2027 }
2028 
2029 static void
2030 pr_suptypes(struct icmp6_nodeinfo *ni, size_t nilen)
2031 	/* ni->qtype must be SUPTYPES */
2032 {
2033 	size_t clen;
2034 	u_int32_t v;
2035 	const u_char *cp, *end;
2036 	u_int16_t cur;
2037 	struct cbit {
2038 		u_int16_t words;	/*32bit count*/
2039 		u_int16_t skip;
2040 	} cbit;
2041 #define MAXQTYPES	(1 << 16)
2042 	size_t off;
2043 	int b;
2044 
2045 	cp = (u_char *)(ni + 1);
2046 	end = ((u_char *)ni) + nilen;
2047 	cur = 0;
2048 	b = 0;
2049 
2050 	printf("NodeInfo Supported Qtypes");
2051 	if (options & F_VERBOSE) {
2052 		if (ni->ni_flags & NI_SUPTYPE_FLAG_COMPRESS)
2053 			printf(", compressed bitmap");
2054 		else
2055 			printf(", raw bitmap");
2056 	}
2057 
2058 	while (cp < end) {
2059 		clen = (size_t)(end - cp);
2060 		if ((ni->ni_flags & NI_SUPTYPE_FLAG_COMPRESS) == 0) {
2061 			if (clen == 0 || clen > MAXQTYPES / 8 ||
2062 			    clen % sizeof(v)) {
2063 				printf("???");
2064 				return;
2065 			}
2066 		} else {
2067 			if (clen < sizeof(cbit) || clen % sizeof(v))
2068 				return;
2069 			memcpy(&cbit, cp, sizeof(cbit));
2070 			if (sizeof(cbit) + ntohs(cbit.words) * sizeof(v) >
2071 			    clen)
2072 				return;
2073 			cp += sizeof(cbit);
2074 			clen = ntohs(cbit.words) * sizeof(v);
2075 			if (cur + clen * 8 + (u_long)ntohs(cbit.skip) * 32 >
2076 			    MAXQTYPES)
2077 				return;
2078 		}
2079 
2080 		for (off = 0; off < clen; off += sizeof(v)) {
2081 			memcpy(&v, cp + off, sizeof(v));
2082 			v = (u_int32_t)ntohl(v);
2083 			b = pr_bitrange(v, (int)(cur + off * 8), b);
2084 		}
2085 		/* flush the remaining bits */
2086 		b = pr_bitrange(0, (int)(cur + off * 8), b);
2087 
2088 		cp += clen;
2089 		cur += clen * 8;
2090 		if ((ni->ni_flags & NI_SUPTYPE_FLAG_COMPRESS) != 0)
2091 			cur += ntohs(cbit.skip) * 32;
2092 	}
2093 }
2094 
2095 static void
2096 pr_nodeaddr(struct icmp6_nodeinfo *ni, int nilen)
2097 	/* ni->qtype must be NODEADDR */
2098 {
2099 	u_char *cp = (u_char *)(ni + 1);
2100 	char ntop_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
2101 	int withttl = 0;
2102 
2103 	nilen -= sizeof(struct icmp6_nodeinfo);
2104 
2105 	if (options & F_VERBOSE) {
2106 		switch (ni->ni_code) {
2107 		case ICMP6_NI_REFUSED:
2108 			(void)printf("refused");
2109 			break;
2110 		case ICMP6_NI_UNKNOWN:
2111 			(void)printf("unknown qtype");
2112 			break;
2113 		}
2114 		if (ni->ni_flags & NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_TRUNCATE)
2115 			(void)printf(" truncated");
2116 	}
2117 	putchar('\n');
2118 	if (nilen <= 0)
2119 		printf("  no address\n");
2120 
2121 	/*
2122 	 * In icmp-name-lookups 05 and later, TTL of each returned address
2123 	 * is contained in the resposne. We try to detect the version
2124 	 * by the length of the data, but note that the detection algorithm
2125 	 * is incomplete. We assume the latest draft by default.
2126 	 */
2127 	if (nilen % (sizeof(u_int32_t) + sizeof(struct in6_addr)) == 0)
2128 		withttl = 1;
2129 	while (nilen > 0) {
2130 		u_int32_t ttl = 0;
2131 
2132 		if (withttl) {
2133 			uint32_t t;
2134 
2135 			memcpy(&t, cp, sizeof(t));
2136 			ttl = (u_int32_t)ntohl(t);
2137 			cp += sizeof(u_int32_t);
2138 			nilen -= sizeof(u_int32_t);
2139 		}
2140 
2141 		if (inet_ntop(AF_INET6, cp, ntop_buf, sizeof(ntop_buf)) ==
2142 		    NULL)
2143 			strlcpy(ntop_buf, "?", sizeof(ntop_buf));
2144 		printf("  %s", ntop_buf);
2145 		if (withttl) {
2146 			if (ttl == 0xffffffff) {
2147 				/*
2148 				 * XXX: can this convention be applied to all
2149 				 * type of TTL (i.e. non-ND TTL)?
2150 				 */
2151 				printf("(TTL=infty)");
2152 			}
2153 			else
2154 				printf("(TTL=%u)", ttl);
2155 		}
2156 		putchar('\n');
2157 
2158 		nilen -= sizeof(struct in6_addr);
2159 		cp += sizeof(struct in6_addr);
2160 	}
2161 }
2162 
2163 static int
2164 get_hoplim(struct msghdr *mhdr)
2165 {
2166 	struct cmsghdr *cm;
2167 
2168 	for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
2169 	     cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
2170 		if (cm->cmsg_len == 0)
2171 			return(-1);
2172 
2173 		if (cm->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IPV6 &&
2174 		    cm->cmsg_type == IPV6_HOPLIMIT &&
2175 		    cm->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
2176 			int r;
2177 
2178 			memcpy(&r, CMSG_DATA(cm), sizeof(r));
2179 			return(r);
2180 		}
2181 	}
2182 
2183 	return(-1);
2184 }
2185 
2186 static struct in6_pktinfo *
2187 get_rcvpktinfo(struct msghdr *mhdr)
2188 {
2189 	static struct in6_pktinfo pi;
2190 	struct cmsghdr *cm;
2191 
2192 	for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
2193 	     cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
2194 		if (cm->cmsg_len == 0)
2195 			return(NULL);
2196 
2197 		if (cm->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IPV6 &&
2198 		    cm->cmsg_type == IPV6_PKTINFO &&
2199 		    cm->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo))) {
2200 			memcpy(&pi, CMSG_DATA(cm), sizeof(pi));
2201 			return(&pi);
2202 		}
2203 	}
2204 
2205 	return(NULL);
2206 }
2207 
2208 static int
2209 get_pathmtu(struct msghdr *mhdr)
2210 {
2211 #ifdef IPV6_RECVPATHMTU
2212 	struct cmsghdr *cm;
2213 	struct ip6_mtuinfo mtuctl;
2214 
2215 	for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
2216 	     cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
2217 		if (cm->cmsg_len == 0)
2218 			return(0);
2219 
2220 		if (cm->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IPV6 &&
2221 		    cm->cmsg_type == IPV6_PATHMTU &&
2222 		    cm->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ip6_mtuinfo))) {
2223 			memcpy(&mtuctl, CMSG_DATA(cm), sizeof(mtuctl));
2224 
2225 			/*
2226 			 * If the notified destination is different from
2227 			 * the one we are pinging, just ignore the info.
2228 			 * We check the scope ID only when both notified value
2229 			 * and our own value have non-0 values, because we may
2230 			 * have used the default scope zone ID for sending,
2231 			 * in which case the scope ID value is 0.
2232 			 */
2233 			if (!IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&mtuctl.ip6m_addr.sin6_addr,
2234 						&dst.sin6_addr) ||
2235 			    (mtuctl.ip6m_addr.sin6_scope_id &&
2236 			     dst.sin6_scope_id &&
2237 			     mtuctl.ip6m_addr.sin6_scope_id !=
2238 			     dst.sin6_scope_id)) {
2239 				if ((options & F_VERBOSE) != 0) {
2240 					printf("path MTU for %s is notified. "
2241 					       "(ignored)\n",
2242 					   pr_addr((struct sockaddr *)&mtuctl.ip6m_addr,
2243 					   sizeof(mtuctl.ip6m_addr)));
2244 				}
2245 				return(0);
2246 			}
2247 
2248 			/*
2249 			 * Ignore an invalid MTU. XXX: can we just believe
2250 			 * the kernel check?
2251 			 */
2252 			if (mtuctl.ip6m_mtu < IPV6_MMTU)
2253 				return(0);
2254 
2255 			/* notification for our destination. return the MTU. */
2256 			return((int)mtuctl.ip6m_mtu);
2257 		}
2258 	}
2259 #endif
2260 	return(0);
2261 }
2262 
2263 /*subject type*/
2264 static const char *niqcode[] = {
2265 	"IPv6 address",
2266 	"DNS label",	/*or empty*/
2267 	"IPv4 address",
2268 };
2269 
2270 /*result code*/
2271 static const char *nircode[] = {
2272 	"Success", "Refused", "Unknown",
2273 };
2274 
2275 
2276 /*
2277  * pr_icmph --
2278  *	Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
2279  */
2280 static void
2281 pr_icmph(struct icmp6_hdr *icp, u_char *end)
2282 {
2283 	char ntop_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
2284 	struct nd_redirect *red;
2285 	struct icmp6_nodeinfo *ni;
2286 	char dnsname[MAXDNAME + 1];
2287 	const u_char *cp;
2288 	size_t l;
2289 
2290 	switch (icp->icmp6_type) {
2291 	case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH:
2292 		switch (icp->icmp6_code) {
2293 		case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOROUTE:
2294 			(void)printf("No Route to Destination\n");
2295 			break;
2296 		case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_ADMIN:
2297 			(void)printf("Destination Administratively "
2298 			    "Unreachable\n");
2299 			break;
2300 		case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_BEYONDSCOPE:
2301 			(void)printf("Destination Unreachable Beyond Scope\n");
2302 			break;
2303 		case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_ADDR:
2304 			(void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
2305 			break;
2306 		case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOPORT:
2307 			(void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
2308 			break;
2309 		default:
2310 			(void)printf("Destination Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
2311 			    icp->icmp6_code);
2312 			break;
2313 		}
2314 		/* Print returned IP header information */
2315 		pr_retip((struct ip6_hdr *)(icp + 1), end);
2316 		break;
2317 	case ICMP6_PACKET_TOO_BIG:
2318 		(void)printf("Packet too big mtu = %d\n",
2319 		    (int)ntohl(icp->icmp6_mtu));
2320 		pr_retip((struct ip6_hdr *)(icp + 1), end);
2321 		break;
2322 	case ICMP6_TIME_EXCEEDED:
2323 		switch (icp->icmp6_code) {
2324 		case ICMP6_TIME_EXCEED_TRANSIT:
2325 			(void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
2326 			break;
2327 		case ICMP6_TIME_EXCEED_REASSEMBLY:
2328 			(void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
2329 			break;
2330 		default:
2331 			(void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
2332 			    icp->icmp6_code);
2333 			break;
2334 		}
2335 		pr_retip((struct ip6_hdr *)(icp + 1), end);
2336 		break;
2337 	case ICMP6_PARAM_PROB:
2338 		(void)printf("Parameter problem: ");
2339 		switch (icp->icmp6_code) {
2340 		case ICMP6_PARAMPROB_HEADER:
2341 			(void)printf("Erroneous Header ");
2342 			break;
2343 		case ICMP6_PARAMPROB_NEXTHEADER:
2344 			(void)printf("Unknown Nextheader ");
2345 			break;
2346 		case ICMP6_PARAMPROB_OPTION:
2347 			(void)printf("Unrecognized Option ");
2348 			break;
2349 		default:
2350 			(void)printf("Bad code(%d) ", icp->icmp6_code);
2351 			break;
2352 		}
2353 		(void)printf("pointer = 0x%02x\n",
2354 		    (u_int32_t)ntohl(icp->icmp6_pptr));
2355 		pr_retip((struct ip6_hdr *)(icp + 1), end);
2356 		break;
2357 	case ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST:
2358 		(void)printf("Echo Request");
2359 		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
2360 		break;
2361 	case ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY:
2362 		(void)printf("Echo Reply");
2363 		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
2364 		break;
2365 	case ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_QUERY:
2366 		(void)printf("Listener Query");
2367 		break;
2368 	case ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_REPORT:
2369 		(void)printf("Listener Report");
2370 		break;
2371 	case ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_REDUCTION:
2372 		(void)printf("Listener Done");
2373 		break;
2374 	case ND_ROUTER_SOLICIT:
2375 		(void)printf("Router Solicitation");
2376 		break;
2377 	case ND_ROUTER_ADVERT:
2378 		(void)printf("Router Advertisement");
2379 		break;
2380 	case ND_NEIGHBOR_SOLICIT:
2381 		(void)printf("Neighbor Solicitation");
2382 		break;
2383 	case ND_NEIGHBOR_ADVERT:
2384 		(void)printf("Neighbor Advertisement");
2385 		break;
2386 	case ND_REDIRECT:
2387 		red = (struct nd_redirect *)icp;
2388 		(void)printf("Redirect\n");
2389 		if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &red->nd_rd_dst, ntop_buf,
2390 		    sizeof(ntop_buf)))
2391 			strlcpy(ntop_buf, "?", sizeof(ntop_buf));
2392 		(void)printf("Destination: %s", ntop_buf);
2393 		if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &red->nd_rd_target, ntop_buf,
2394 		    sizeof(ntop_buf)))
2395 			strlcpy(ntop_buf, "?", sizeof(ntop_buf));
2396 		(void)printf(" New Target: %s", ntop_buf);
2397 		break;
2398 	case ICMP6_NI_QUERY:
2399 		(void)printf("Node Information Query");
2400 		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
2401 		ni = (struct icmp6_nodeinfo *)icp;
2402 		l = end - (u_char *)(ni + 1);
2403 		printf(", ");
2404 		switch (ntohs(ni->ni_qtype)) {
2405 		case NI_QTYPE_NOOP:
2406 			(void)printf("NOOP");
2407 			break;
2408 		case NI_QTYPE_SUPTYPES:
2409 			(void)printf("Supported qtypes");
2410 			break;
2411 		case NI_QTYPE_FQDN:
2412 			(void)printf("DNS name");
2413 			break;
2414 		case NI_QTYPE_NODEADDR:
2415 			(void)printf("nodeaddr");
2416 			break;
2417 		case NI_QTYPE_IPV4ADDR:
2418 			(void)printf("IPv4 nodeaddr");
2419 			break;
2420 		default:
2421 			(void)printf("unknown qtype");
2422 			break;
2423 		}
2424 		if (options & F_VERBOSE) {
2425 			switch (ni->ni_code) {
2426 			case ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_IPV6:
2427 				if (l == sizeof(struct in6_addr) &&
2428 				    inet_ntop(AF_INET6, ni + 1, ntop_buf,
2429 				    sizeof(ntop_buf)) != NULL) {
2430 					(void)printf(", subject=%s(%s)",
2431 					    niqcode[ni->ni_code], ntop_buf);
2432 				} else {
2433 #if 1
2434 					/* backward compat to -W */
2435 					(void)printf(", oldfqdn");
2436 #else
2437 					(void)printf(", invalid");
2438 #endif
2439 				}
2440 				break;
2441 			case ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_FQDN:
2442 				if (end == (u_char *)(ni + 1)) {
2443 					(void)printf(", no subject");
2444 					break;
2445 				}
2446 				printf(", subject=%s", niqcode[ni->ni_code]);
2447 				cp = (const u_char *)(ni + 1);
2448 				cp = dnsdecode(cp, end, NULL, dnsname,
2449 				    sizeof(dnsname));
2450 				if (cp != NULL)
2451 					printf("(%s)", dnsname);
2452 				else
2453 					printf("(invalid)");
2454 				break;
2455 			case ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_IPV4:
2456 				if (l == sizeof(struct in_addr) &&
2457 				    inet_ntop(AF_INET, ni + 1, ntop_buf,
2458 				    sizeof(ntop_buf)) != NULL) {
2459 					(void)printf(", subject=%s(%s)",
2460 					    niqcode[ni->ni_code], ntop_buf);
2461 				} else
2462 					(void)printf(", invalid");
2463 				break;
2464 			default:
2465 				(void)printf(", invalid");
2466 				break;
2467 			}
2468 		}
2469 		break;
2470 	case ICMP6_NI_REPLY:
2471 		(void)printf("Node Information Reply");
2472 		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
2473 		ni = (struct icmp6_nodeinfo *)icp;
2474 		printf(", ");
2475 		switch (ntohs(ni->ni_qtype)) {
2476 		case NI_QTYPE_NOOP:
2477 			(void)printf("NOOP");
2478 			break;
2479 		case NI_QTYPE_SUPTYPES:
2480 			(void)printf("Supported qtypes");
2481 			break;
2482 		case NI_QTYPE_FQDN:
2483 			(void)printf("DNS name");
2484 			break;
2485 		case NI_QTYPE_NODEADDR:
2486 			(void)printf("nodeaddr");
2487 			break;
2488 		case NI_QTYPE_IPV4ADDR:
2489 			(void)printf("IPv4 nodeaddr");
2490 			break;
2491 		default:
2492 			(void)printf("unknown qtype");
2493 			break;
2494 		}
2495 		if (options & F_VERBOSE) {
2496 			if (ni->ni_code > nitems(nircode))
2497 				printf(", invalid");
2498 			else
2499 				printf(", %s", nircode[ni->ni_code]);
2500 		}
2501 		break;
2502 	default:
2503 		(void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d", icp->icmp6_type);
2504 	}
2505 }
2506 
2507 /*
2508  * pr_iph --
2509  *	Print an IP6 header.
2510  */
2511 static void
2512 pr_iph(struct ip6_hdr *ip6)
2513 {
2514 	u_int32_t flow = ip6->ip6_flow & IPV6_FLOWLABEL_MASK;
2515 	u_int8_t tc;
2516 	char ntop_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
2517 
2518 	tc = *(&ip6->ip6_vfc + 1); /* XXX */
2519 	tc = (tc >> 4) & 0x0f;
2520 	tc |= (ip6->ip6_vfc << 4);
2521 
2522 	printf("Vr TC  Flow Plen Nxt Hlim\n");
2523 	printf(" %1x %02x %05x %04x  %02x   %02x\n",
2524 	    (ip6->ip6_vfc & IPV6_VERSION_MASK) >> 4, tc, (u_int32_t)ntohl(flow),
2525 	    ntohs(ip6->ip6_plen), ip6->ip6_nxt, ip6->ip6_hlim);
2526 	if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &ip6->ip6_src, ntop_buf, sizeof(ntop_buf)))
2527 		strlcpy(ntop_buf, "?", sizeof(ntop_buf));
2528 	printf("%s->", ntop_buf);
2529 	if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &ip6->ip6_dst, ntop_buf, sizeof(ntop_buf)))
2530 		strlcpy(ntop_buf, "?", sizeof(ntop_buf));
2531 	printf("%s\n", ntop_buf);
2532 }
2533 
2534 /*
2535  * pr_addr --
2536  *	Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
2537  * a hostname.
2538  */
2539 static const char *
2540 pr_addr(struct sockaddr *addr, int addrlen)
2541 {
2542 	static char buf[NI_MAXHOST];
2543 	int flag = 0;
2544 
2545 	if (!(options & F_HOSTNAME))
2546 		flag |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
2547 
2548 	if (cap_getnameinfo(capdns, addr, addrlen, buf, sizeof(buf), NULL, 0,
2549 		flag) == 0)
2550 		return (buf);
2551 	else
2552 		return "?";
2553 }
2554 
2555 /*
2556  * pr_retip --
2557  *	Dump some info on a returned (via ICMPv6) IPv6 packet.
2558  */
2559 static void
2560 pr_retip(struct ip6_hdr *ip6, u_char *end)
2561 {
2562 	u_char *cp = (u_char *)ip6, nh;
2563 	int hlen;
2564 
2565 	if ((size_t)(end - (u_char *)ip6) < sizeof(*ip6)) {
2566 		printf("IP6");
2567 		goto trunc;
2568 	}
2569 	pr_iph(ip6);
2570 	hlen = sizeof(*ip6);
2571 
2572 	nh = ip6->ip6_nxt;
2573 	cp += hlen;
2574 	while (end - cp >= 8) {
2575 #ifdef IPSEC
2576 		struct ah ah;
2577 #endif
2578 
2579 		switch (nh) {
2580 		case IPPROTO_HOPOPTS:
2581 			printf("HBH ");
2582 			hlen = (((struct ip6_hbh *)cp)->ip6h_len+1) << 3;
2583 			nh = ((struct ip6_hbh *)cp)->ip6h_nxt;
2584 			break;
2585 		case IPPROTO_DSTOPTS:
2586 			printf("DSTOPT ");
2587 			hlen = (((struct ip6_dest *)cp)->ip6d_len+1) << 3;
2588 			nh = ((struct ip6_dest *)cp)->ip6d_nxt;
2589 			break;
2590 		case IPPROTO_FRAGMENT:
2591 			printf("FRAG ");
2592 			hlen = sizeof(struct ip6_frag);
2593 			nh = ((struct ip6_frag *)cp)->ip6f_nxt;
2594 			break;
2595 		case IPPROTO_ROUTING:
2596 			printf("RTHDR ");
2597 			hlen = (((struct ip6_rthdr *)cp)->ip6r_len+1) << 3;
2598 			nh = ((struct ip6_rthdr *)cp)->ip6r_nxt;
2599 			break;
2600 #ifdef IPSEC
2601 		case IPPROTO_AH:
2602 			printf("AH ");
2603 			memcpy(&ah, cp, sizeof(ah));
2604 			hlen = (ah.ah_len+2) << 2;
2605 			nh = ah.ah_nxt;
2606 			break;
2607 #endif
2608 		case IPPROTO_ICMPV6:
2609 			printf("ICMP6: type = %d, code = %d\n",
2610 			    *cp, *(cp + 1));
2611 			return;
2612 		case IPPROTO_ESP:
2613 			printf("ESP\n");
2614 			return;
2615 		case IPPROTO_TCP:
2616 			printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
2617 			    (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)),
2618 			    (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
2619 			return;
2620 		case IPPROTO_UDP:
2621 			printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
2622 			    (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)),
2623 			    (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
2624 			return;
2625 		default:
2626 			printf("Unknown Header(%d)\n", nh);
2627 			return;
2628 		}
2629 
2630 		if ((cp += hlen) >= end)
2631 			goto trunc;
2632 	}
2633 	if (end - cp < 8)
2634 		goto trunc;
2635 
2636 	putchar('\n');
2637 	return;
2638 
2639   trunc:
2640 	printf("...\n");
2641 	return;
2642 }
2643 
2644 static void
2645 fill(char *bp, char *patp)
2646 {
2647 	int ii, jj, kk;
2648 	int pat[16];
2649 	char *cp;
2650 
2651 	for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++)
2652 		if (!isxdigit(*cp))
2653 			errx(1, "patterns must be specified as hex digits");
2654 	ii = sscanf(patp,
2655 	    "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
2656 	    &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
2657 	    &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
2658 	    &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
2659 
2660 /* xxx */
2661 	if (ii > 0)
2662 		for (kk = 0;
2663 		    (size_t)kk <= MAXDATALEN - 8 + sizeof(struct tv32) + ii;
2664 		    kk += ii)
2665 			for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
2666 				bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
2667 	if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
2668 		(void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
2669 		for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
2670 			(void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
2671 		(void)printf("\n");
2672 	}
2673 }
2674 
2675 #ifdef IPSEC
2676 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
2677 static int
2678 setpolicy(int so __unused, char *policy)
2679 {
2680 	char *buf;
2681 
2682 	if (policy == NULL)
2683 		return 0;	/* ignore */
2684 
2685 	buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy, strlen(policy));
2686 	if (buf == NULL)
2687 		errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
2688 	if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_IPSEC_POLICY, buf,
2689 	    ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
2690 		warnx("Unable to set IPsec policy");
2691 	free(buf);
2692 
2693 	return 0;
2694 }
2695 #endif
2696 #endif
2697 
2698 static char *
2699 nigroup(char *name, int nig_oldmcprefix)
2700 {
2701 	char *p;
2702 	char *q;
2703 	MD5_CTX ctxt;
2704 	u_int8_t digest[16];
2705 	u_int8_t c;
2706 	size_t l;
2707 	char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];
2708 	struct in6_addr in6;
2709 	int valid;
2710 
2711 	p = strchr(name, '.');
2712 	if (!p)
2713 		p = name + strlen(name);
2714 	l = p - name;
2715 	if (l > 63 || l > sizeof(hbuf) - 1)
2716 		return NULL;	/*label too long*/
2717 	strncpy(hbuf, name, l);
2718 	hbuf[(int)l] = '\0';
2719 
2720 	for (q = name; *q; q++) {
2721 		if (isupper(*(unsigned char *)q))
2722 			*q = tolower(*(unsigned char *)q);
2723 	}
2724 
2725 	/* generate 16 bytes of pseudo-random value. */
2726 	memset(&ctxt, 0, sizeof(ctxt));
2727 	MD5Init(&ctxt);
2728 	c = l & 0xff;
2729 	MD5Update(&ctxt, &c, sizeof(c));
2730 	MD5Update(&ctxt, (unsigned char *)name, l);
2731 	MD5Final(digest, &ctxt);
2732 
2733 	if (nig_oldmcprefix) {
2734 		/* draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-name-lookup */
2735 		valid = inet_pton(AF_INET6, "ff02::2:0000:0000", &in6);
2736 	} else {
2737 		/* RFC 4620 */
2738 		valid = inet_pton(AF_INET6, "ff02::2:ff00:0000", &in6);
2739 	}
2740 	if (valid != 1)
2741 		return NULL;	/*XXX*/
2742 
2743 	if (nig_oldmcprefix) {
2744 		/* draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-name-lookup */
2745 		bcopy(digest, &in6.s6_addr[12], 4);
2746 	} else {
2747 		/* RFC 4620 */
2748 		bcopy(digest, &in6.s6_addr[13], 3);
2749 	}
2750 
2751 	if (inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &in6, hbuf, sizeof(hbuf)) == NULL)
2752 		return NULL;
2753 
2754 	return strdup(hbuf);
2755 }
2756 
2757 static cap_channel_t *
2758 capdns_setup(void)
2759 {
2760 	cap_channel_t *capcas, *capdnsloc;
2761 #ifdef WITH_CASPER
2762 	const char *types[2];
2763 	int families[1];
2764 #endif
2765 	capcas = cap_init();
2766 	if (capcas == NULL)
2767 		err(1, "unable to create casper process");
2768 	capdnsloc = cap_service_open(capcas, "system.dns");
2769 	/* Casper capability no longer needed. */
2770 	cap_close(capcas);
2771 	if (capdnsloc == NULL)
2772 		err(1, "unable to open system.dns service");
2773 #ifdef WITH_CASPER
2774 	types[0] = "NAME2ADDR";
2775 	types[1] = "ADDR2NAME";
2776 	if (cap_dns_type_limit(capdnsloc, types, nitems(types)) < 0)
2777 		err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
2778 	families[0] = AF_INET6;
2779 	if (cap_dns_family_limit(capdnsloc, families, nitems(families)) < 0)
2780 		err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
2781 #endif
2782 	return (capdnsloc);
2783 }
2784