xref: /freebsd/sbin/mount_nfs/mount_nfs.c (revision e87ec409fa9b21abf79895837fe375ab3d7e408a)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Rick Macklem at The University of Guelph.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 #if 0
36 #ifndef lint
37 static const char copyright[] =
38 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994\n\
39 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
40 #endif /* not lint */
41 
42 #ifndef lint
43 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)mount_nfs.c	8.11 (Berkeley) 5/4/95";
44 #endif /* not lint */
45 #endif
46 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
47 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
48 
49 #include <sys/param.h>
50 #include <sys/linker.h>
51 #include <sys/module.h>
52 #include <sys/mount.h>
53 #include <sys/socket.h>
54 #include <sys/stat.h>
55 #include <sys/syslog.h>
56 #include <sys/uio.h>
57 
58 #include <rpc/rpc.h>
59 #include <rpc/pmap_clnt.h>
60 #include <rpc/pmap_prot.h>
61 #include <rpcsvc/nfs_prot.h>
62 #include <rpcsvc/mount.h>
63 
64 #include <fs/nfs/nfsproto.h>
65 #include <fs/nfs/nfsv4_errstr.h>
66 
67 #include <arpa/inet.h>
68 #include <net/route.h>
69 #include <net/if.h>
70 
71 #include <ctype.h>
72 #include <err.h>
73 #include <errno.h>
74 #include <fcntl.h>
75 #include <netdb.h>
76 #include <stdio.h>
77 #include <stdlib.h>
78 #include <string.h>
79 #include <strings.h>
80 #include <sysexits.h>
81 #include <unistd.h>
82 
83 #include "mntopts.h"
84 #include "mounttab.h"
85 
86 /* Table for af,sotype -> netid conversions. */
87 static struct nc_protos {
88 	const char *netid;
89 	int af;
90 	int sotype;
91 } nc_protos[] = {
92 	{"udp",		AF_INET,	SOCK_DGRAM},
93 	{"tcp",		AF_INET,	SOCK_STREAM},
94 	{"udp6",	AF_INET6,	SOCK_DGRAM},
95 	{"tcp6",	AF_INET6,	SOCK_STREAM},
96 	{NULL,		0,		0}
97 };
98 
99 struct nfhret {
100 	u_long		stat;
101 	long		vers;
102 	long		auth;
103 	long		fhsize;
104 	u_char		nfh[NFS3_FHSIZE];
105 };
106 #define	BGRND		0x01
107 #define	ISBGRND		0x02
108 #define	OF_NOINET4	0x04
109 #define	OF_NOINET6	0x08
110 #define	BGRNDNOW	0x10
111 static int retrycnt = -1;
112 static int opflags = 0;
113 static int nfsproto = IPPROTO_TCP;
114 static int mnttcp_ok = 1;
115 static int noconn = 0;
116 /* The 'portspec' is the server nfs port; NULL means look up via rpcbind. */
117 static const char *portspec = NULL;
118 static struct sockaddr *addr;
119 static int addrlen = 0;
120 static u_char *fh = NULL;
121 static int fhsize = 0;
122 static int secflavor = -1;
123 static int got_principal = 0;
124 
125 static enum mountmode {
126 	ANY,
127 	V2,
128 	V3,
129 	V4
130 } mountmode = ANY;
131 
132 /* Return codes for nfs_tryproto. */
133 enum tryret {
134 	TRYRET_SUCCESS,
135 	TRYRET_TIMEOUT,		/* No response received. */
136 	TRYRET_REMOTEERR,	/* Error received from remote server. */
137 	TRYRET_LOCALERR		/* Local failure. */
138 };
139 
140 static int	sec_name_to_num(const char *sec);
141 static const char	*sec_num_to_name(int num);
142 static int	getnfsargs(char *, struct iovec **iov, int *iovlen);
143 /* void	set_rpc_maxgrouplist(int); */
144 static struct netconfig *getnetconf_cached(const char *netid);
145 static const char	*netidbytype(int af, int sotype);
146 static void	usage(void) __dead2;
147 static int	xdr_dir(XDR *, char *);
148 static int	xdr_fh(XDR *, struct nfhret *);
149 static enum tryret nfs_tryproto(struct addrinfo *ai, char *hostp, char *spec,
150     char **errstr, struct iovec **iov, int *iovlen);
151 static enum tryret returncode(enum clnt_stat stat, struct rpc_err *rpcerr);
152 
153 int
154 main(int argc, char *argv[])
155 {
156 	int c;
157 	struct iovec *iov;
158 	int num, iovlen;
159 	char *mntname, *p, *spec, *tmp;
160 	char mntpath[MAXPATHLEN], errmsg[255];
161 	char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1], gssn[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 50];
162 	const char *gssname, *nmount_errstr;
163 
164 	iov = NULL;
165 	iovlen = 0;
166 	memset(errmsg, 0, sizeof(errmsg));
167 	gssname = NULL;
168 
169 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv,
170 	    "23a:bcdD:g:I:iLlNo:PR:r:sTt:w:x:U")) != -1)
171 		switch (c) {
172 		case '2':
173 			mountmode = V2;
174 			break;
175 		case '3':
176 			mountmode = V3;
177 			break;
178 		case 'a':
179 			printf("-a deprecated, use -o readahead=<value>\n");
180 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "readahead", optarg, (size_t)-1);
181 			break;
182 		case 'b':
183 			opflags |= BGRND;
184 			break;
185 		case 'c':
186 			printf("-c deprecated, use -o noconn\n");
187 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "noconn", NULL, 0);
188 			noconn = 1;
189 			break;
190 		case 'D':
191 			printf("-D deprecated, use -o deadthresh=<value>\n");
192 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "deadthresh", optarg, (size_t)-1);
193 			break;
194 		case 'd':
195 			printf("-d deprecated, use -o dumbtimer");
196 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "dumbtimer", NULL, 0);
197 			break;
198 		case 'g':
199 			printf("-g deprecated, use -o maxgroups");
200 			num = strtol(optarg, &p, 10);
201 			if (*p || num <= 0)
202 				errx(1, "illegal -g value -- %s", optarg);
203 			//set_rpc_maxgrouplist(num);
204 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "maxgroups", optarg, (size_t)-1);
205 			break;
206 		case 'I':
207 			printf("-I deprecated, use -o readdirsize=<value>\n");
208 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "readdirsize", optarg, (size_t)-1);
209 			break;
210 		case 'i':
211 			printf("-i deprecated, use -o intr\n");
212 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "intr", NULL, 0);
213 			break;
214 		case 'L':
215 			printf("-L deprecated, use -o nolockd\n");
216 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "nolockd", NULL, 0);
217 			break;
218 		case 'l':
219 			printf("-l deprecated, -o rdirplus\n");
220 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "rdirplus", NULL, 0);
221 			break;
222 		case 'N':
223 			printf("-N deprecated, do not specify -o resvport\n");
224 			break;
225 		case 'o': {
226 			int pass_flag_to_nmount;
227 			char *opt = optarg;
228 			while (opt) {
229 				char *pval = NULL;
230 				char *pnextopt = NULL;
231 				const char *val = "";
232 				pass_flag_to_nmount = 1;
233 				pnextopt = strchr(opt, ',');
234 				if (pnextopt != NULL) {
235 					*pnextopt = '\0';
236 					pnextopt++;
237 				}
238 				pval = strchr(opt, '=');
239 				if (pval != NULL) {
240 					*pval = '\0';
241 					val = pval + 1;
242 				}
243 				if (strcmp(opt, "bg") == 0) {
244 					opflags |= BGRND;
245 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
246 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "bgnow") == 0) {
247 					opflags |= BGRNDNOW;
248 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
249 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "fg") == 0) {
250 					/* same as not specifying -o bg */
251 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
252 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "gssname") == 0) {
253 					pass_flag_to_nmount = 0;
254 					gssname = val;
255 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "mntudp") == 0) {
256 					mnttcp_ok = 0;
257 					nfsproto = IPPROTO_UDP;
258 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "udp") == 0) {
259 					nfsproto = IPPROTO_UDP;
260 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "tcp") == 0) {
261 					nfsproto = IPPROTO_TCP;
262 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "noinet4") == 0) {
263 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
264 					opflags |= OF_NOINET4;
265 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "noinet6") == 0) {
266 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
267 					opflags |= OF_NOINET6;
268 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "noconn") == 0) {
269 					noconn = 1;
270 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "nfsv2") == 0) {
271 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
272 					mountmode = V2;
273 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "nfsv3") == 0) {
274 					mountmode = V3;
275 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "nfsv4") == 0) {
276 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
277 					mountmode = V4;
278 					nfsproto = IPPROTO_TCP;
279 					if (portspec == NULL)
280 						portspec = "2049";
281 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "port") == 0) {
282 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
283 					asprintf(&tmp, "%d", atoi(val));
284 					if (tmp == NULL)
285 						err(1, "asprintf");
286 					portspec = tmp;
287 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "principal") == 0) {
288 					got_principal = 1;
289 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "proto") == 0) {
290 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
291 					if (strcmp(val, "tcp") == 0) {
292 						nfsproto = IPPROTO_TCP;
293 						opflags |= OF_NOINET6;
294 						build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen,
295 						    "tcp", NULL, 0);
296 					} else if (strcmp(val, "udp") == 0) {
297 						mnttcp_ok = 0;
298 						nfsproto = IPPROTO_UDP;
299 						opflags |= OF_NOINET6;
300 						build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen,
301 						    "udp", NULL, 0);
302 					} else if (strcmp(val, "tcp6") == 0) {
303 						nfsproto = IPPROTO_TCP;
304 						opflags |= OF_NOINET4;
305 						build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen,
306 						    "tcp", NULL, 0);
307 					} else if (strcmp(val, "udp6") == 0) {
308 						mnttcp_ok = 0;
309 						nfsproto = IPPROTO_UDP;
310 						opflags |= OF_NOINET4;
311 						build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen,
312 						    "udp", NULL, 0);
313 					} else {
314 						errx(1,
315 						    "illegal proto value -- %s",
316 						    val);
317 					}
318 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "sec") == 0) {
319 					/*
320 					 * Don't add this option to
321 					 * the iovec yet - we will
322 					 * negotiate which sec flavor
323 					 * to use with the remote
324 					 * mountd.
325 					 */
326 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
327 					secflavor = sec_name_to_num(val);
328 					if (secflavor < 0) {
329 						errx(1,
330 						    "illegal sec value -- %s",
331 						    val);
332 					}
333 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "retrycnt") == 0) {
334 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
335 					num = strtol(val, &p, 10);
336 					if (*p || num < 0)
337 						errx(1, "illegal retrycnt value -- %s", val);
338 					retrycnt = num;
339 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "maxgroups") == 0) {
340 					num = strtol(val, &p, 10);
341 					if (*p || num <= 0)
342 						errx(1, "illegal maxgroups value -- %s", val);
343 					//set_rpc_maxgrouplist(num);
344 				} else if (strcmp(opt, "vers") == 0) {
345 					num = strtol(val, &p, 10);
346 					if (*p || num <= 0)
347 						errx(1, "illegal vers value -- "
348 						    "%s", val);
349 					switch (num) {
350 					case 2:
351 						mountmode = V2;
352 						break;
353 					case 3:
354 						mountmode = V3;
355 						build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen,
356 						    "nfsv3", NULL, 0);
357 						break;
358 					case 4:
359 						mountmode = V4;
360 						nfsproto = IPPROTO_TCP;
361 						if (portspec == NULL)
362 							portspec = "2049";
363 						break;
364 					default:
365 						errx(1, "illegal nfs version "
366 						    "value -- %s", val);
367 					}
368 					pass_flag_to_nmount=0;
369 				}
370 				if (pass_flag_to_nmount) {
371 					build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, opt,
372 					    __DECONST(void *, val),
373 					    strlen(val) + 1);
374 				}
375 				opt = pnextopt;
376 			}
377 			}
378 			break;
379 		case 'P':
380 			/* obsolete for -o noresvport now default */
381 			printf("-P deprecated, use -o noresvport\n");
382 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "noresvport", NULL, 0);
383 			break;
384 		case 'R':
385 			printf("-R deprecated, use -o retrycnt=<retrycnt>\n");
386 			num = strtol(optarg, &p, 10);
387 			if (*p || num < 0)
388 				errx(1, "illegal -R value -- %s", optarg);
389 			retrycnt = num;
390 			break;
391 		case 'r':
392 			printf("-r deprecated, use -o rsize=<rsize>\n");
393 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "rsize", optarg, (size_t)-1);
394 			break;
395 		case 's':
396 			printf("-s deprecated, use -o soft\n");
397 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "soft", NULL, 0);
398 			break;
399 		case 'T':
400 			nfsproto = IPPROTO_TCP;
401 			printf("-T deprecated, use -o tcp\n");
402 			break;
403 		case 't':
404 			printf("-t deprecated, use -o timeout=<value>\n");
405 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "timeout", optarg, (size_t)-1);
406 			break;
407 		case 'w':
408 			printf("-w deprecated, use -o wsize=<value>\n");
409 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "wsize", optarg, (size_t)-1);
410 			break;
411 		case 'x':
412 			printf("-x deprecated, use -o retrans=<value>\n");
413 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "retrans", optarg, (size_t)-1);
414 			break;
415 		case 'U':
416 			printf("-U deprecated, use -o mntudp\n");
417 			mnttcp_ok = 0;
418 			nfsproto = IPPROTO_UDP;
419 			build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "mntudp", NULL, 0);
420 			break;
421 		default:
422 			usage();
423 			break;
424 		}
425 	argc -= optind;
426 	argv += optind;
427 
428 	if ((opflags & (BGRND | BGRNDNOW)) == (BGRND | BGRNDNOW))
429 		errx(1, "Options bg and bgnow are mutually exclusive");
430 
431 	if (argc != 2) {
432 		usage();
433 		/* NOTREACHED */
434 	}
435 
436 	spec = *argv++;
437 	mntname = *argv;
438 
439 	if (retrycnt == -1)
440 		/* The default is to keep retrying forever. */
441 		retrycnt = 0;
442 
443 	if (modfind("nfscl") < 0) {
444 		/* Not present in kernel, try loading it */
445 		if (kldload("nfscl") < 0 ||
446 		    modfind("nfscl") < 0)
447 			errx(1, "nfscl is not available");
448 	}
449 
450 	/*
451 	 * Add the fqdn to the gssname, as required.
452 	 */
453 	if (gssname != NULL) {
454 		if (strchr(gssname, '@') == NULL &&
455 		    gethostname(hostname, MAXHOSTNAMELEN) == 0) {
456 			snprintf(gssn, sizeof (gssn), "%s@%s", gssname,
457 			    hostname);
458 			gssname = gssn;
459 		}
460 		build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "gssname",
461 		    __DECONST(void *, gssname), strlen(gssname) + 1);
462 	}
463 
464 	if (!getnfsargs(spec, &iov, &iovlen))
465 		exit(1);
466 
467 	/* resolve the mountpoint with realpath(3) */
468 	if (checkpath(mntname, mntpath) != 0)
469 		err(1, "%s", mntpath);
470 
471 	build_iovec_argf(&iov, &iovlen, "fstype", "nfs");
472 	build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "fspath", mntpath, (size_t)-1);
473 	build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "errmsg", errmsg, sizeof(errmsg));
474 
475 	if (nmount(iov, iovlen, 0)) {
476 		nmount_errstr = nfsv4_geterrstr(errno);
477 		if (mountmode == V4 && nmount_errstr != NULL)
478 			errx(1, "nmount: %s, %s", mntpath, nmount_errstr);
479 		else
480 			err(1, "nmount: %s%s%s", mntpath, errmsg[0] ? ", " : "",
481 			    errmsg);
482 	}
483 
484 	exit(0);
485 }
486 
487 static int
488 sec_name_to_num(const char *sec)
489 {
490 	if (!strcmp(sec, "krb5"))
491 		return (RPCSEC_GSS_KRB5);
492 	if (!strcmp(sec, "krb5i"))
493 		return (RPCSEC_GSS_KRB5I);
494 	if (!strcmp(sec, "krb5p"))
495 		return (RPCSEC_GSS_KRB5P);
496 	if (!strcmp(sec, "sys"))
497 		return (AUTH_SYS);
498 	return (-1);
499 }
500 
501 static const char *
502 sec_num_to_name(int flavor)
503 {
504 	switch (flavor) {
505 	case RPCSEC_GSS_KRB5:
506 		return ("krb5");
507 	case RPCSEC_GSS_KRB5I:
508 		return ("krb5i");
509 	case RPCSEC_GSS_KRB5P:
510 		return ("krb5p");
511 	case AUTH_SYS:
512 		return ("sys");
513 	}
514 	return (NULL);
515 }
516 
517 /*
518  * Wait for RTM_IFINFO message with interface that is IFF_UP and with
519  * link on, or until timeout expires.  Returns seconds left.
520  */
521 static time_t
522 rtm_ifinfo_sleep(time_t sec)
523 {
524 	char buf[2048] __aligned(__alignof(struct if_msghdr));
525 	fd_set rfds;
526 	struct timeval tv, start;
527 	ssize_t nread;
528 	int n, s;
529 
530 	s = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
531 	if (s < 0)
532 		err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
533 	(void)gettimeofday(&start, NULL);
534 
535 	for (tv.tv_sec = sec, tv.tv_usec = 0;
536 	    tv.tv_sec > 0;
537 	    (void)gettimeofday(&tv, NULL),
538 	    tv.tv_sec = sec - (tv.tv_sec - start.tv_sec)) {
539 		FD_ZERO(&rfds);
540 		FD_SET(s, &rfds);
541 		n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
542 		if (n == 0)
543 			continue;
544 		if (n == -1) {
545 			if (errno == EINTR)
546 				continue;
547 			else
548 				err(EX_SOFTWARE, "select");
549 		}
550 		nread = read(s, buf, 2048);
551 		if (nread < 0)
552 			err(EX_OSERR, "read");
553 		if ((size_t)nread >= sizeof(struct if_msghdr)) {
554 			struct if_msghdr *ifm;
555 
556 			ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)buf;
557 			if (ifm->ifm_version == RTM_VERSION &&
558 			    ifm->ifm_type == RTM_IFINFO &&
559 			    (ifm->ifm_flags & IFF_UP) &&
560 			    ifm->ifm_data.ifi_link_state != LINK_STATE_DOWN)
561 				break;
562 		}
563 	}
564 
565 	close(s);
566 
567 	return (tv.tv_sec);
568 }
569 
570 static int
571 getnfsargs(char *spec, struct iovec **iov, int *iovlen)
572 {
573 	struct addrinfo hints, *ai_nfs, *ai;
574 	enum tryret ret;
575 	int ecode, speclen, remoteerr, offset, have_bracket = 0;
576 	char *hostp, *delimp, *errstr;
577 	size_t len;
578 	static char nam[MNAMELEN + 1], pname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 5];
579 
580 	if (*spec == '[' && (delimp = strchr(spec + 1, ']')) != NULL &&
581 	    *(delimp + 1) == ':') {
582 		hostp = spec + 1;
583 		spec = delimp + 2;
584 		have_bracket = 1;
585 	} else if ((delimp = strrchr(spec, ':')) != NULL) {
586 		hostp = spec;
587 		spec = delimp + 1;
588 	} else if ((delimp = strrchr(spec, '@')) != NULL) {
589 		warnx("path@server syntax is deprecated, use server:path");
590 		hostp = delimp + 1;
591 	} else {
592 		warnx("no <host>:<dirpath> nfs-name");
593 		return (0);
594 	}
595 	*delimp = '\0';
596 
597 	/*
598 	 * If there has been a trailing slash at mounttime it seems
599 	 * that some mountd implementations fail to remove the mount
600 	 * entries from their mountlist while unmounting.
601 	 */
602 	for (speclen = strlen(spec);
603 		speclen > 1 && spec[speclen - 1] == '/';
604 		speclen--)
605 		spec[speclen - 1] = '\0';
606 	if (strlen(hostp) + strlen(spec) + 1 > MNAMELEN) {
607 		warnx("%s:%s: %s", hostp, spec, strerror(ENAMETOOLONG));
608 		return (0);
609 	}
610 	/* Make both '@' and ':' notations equal */
611 	if (*hostp != '\0') {
612 		len = strlen(hostp);
613 		offset = 0;
614 		if (have_bracket)
615 			nam[offset++] = '[';
616 		memmove(nam + offset, hostp, len);
617 		if (have_bracket)
618 			nam[len + offset++] = ']';
619 		nam[len + offset++] = ':';
620 		memmove(nam + len + offset, spec, speclen);
621 		nam[len + speclen + offset] = '\0';
622 	}
623 
624 	/*
625 	 * Handle an internet host address.
626 	 */
627 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof hints);
628 	hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
629 	if (nfsproto == IPPROTO_TCP)
630 		hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
631 	else if (nfsproto == IPPROTO_UDP)
632 		hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
633 
634 	if (getaddrinfo(hostp, portspec, &hints, &ai_nfs) != 0) {
635 		hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
636 		if ((ecode = getaddrinfo(hostp, portspec, &hints, &ai_nfs))
637 		    != 0) {
638 			if (portspec == NULL)
639 				errx(1, "%s: %s", hostp, gai_strerror(ecode));
640 			else
641 				errx(1, "%s:%s: %s", hostp, portspec,
642 				    gai_strerror(ecode));
643 			return (0);
644 		}
645 
646 		/*
647 		 * For a Kerberized nfs mount where the "principal"
648 		 * argument has not been set, add it here.
649 		 */
650 		if (got_principal == 0 && secflavor != AUTH_SYS &&
651 		    ai_nfs->ai_canonname != NULL) {
652 			snprintf(pname, sizeof (pname), "nfs@%s",
653 			    ai_nfs->ai_canonname);
654 			build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "principal", pname,
655 			    strlen(pname) + 1);
656 		}
657 	}
658 
659 	if ((opflags & (BGRNDNOW | ISBGRND)) == BGRNDNOW) {
660 		warnx("Mount %s:%s, backgrounding",
661 		    hostp, spec);
662 		opflags |= ISBGRND;
663 		if (daemon(0, 0) != 0)
664 			err(1, "daemon");
665 	}
666 
667 	ret = TRYRET_LOCALERR;
668 	for (;;) {
669 		/*
670 		 * Try each entry returned by getaddrinfo(). Note the
671 		 * occurrence of remote errors by setting `remoteerr'.
672 		 */
673 		remoteerr = 0;
674 		for (ai = ai_nfs; ai != NULL; ai = ai->ai_next) {
675 			if ((ai->ai_family == AF_INET6) &&
676 			    (opflags & OF_NOINET6))
677 				continue;
678 			if ((ai->ai_family == AF_INET) &&
679 			    (opflags & OF_NOINET4))
680 				continue;
681 			ret = nfs_tryproto(ai, hostp, spec, &errstr, iov,
682 			    iovlen);
683 			if (ret == TRYRET_SUCCESS)
684 				break;
685 			if (ret != TRYRET_LOCALERR)
686 				remoteerr = 1;
687 			if ((opflags & ISBGRND) == 0)
688 				fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", errstr);
689 		}
690 		if (ret == TRYRET_SUCCESS)
691 			break;
692 
693 		/* Exit if all errors were local. */
694 		if (!remoteerr)
695 			exit(1);
696 
697 		/*
698 		 * If retrycnt == 0, we are to keep retrying forever.
699 		 * Otherwise decrement it, and exit if it hits zero.
700 		 */
701 		if (retrycnt != 0 && --retrycnt == 0)
702 			exit(1);
703 
704 		if ((opflags & (BGRND | ISBGRND)) == BGRND) {
705 			warnx("Cannot immediately mount %s:%s, backgrounding",
706 			    hostp, spec);
707 			opflags |= ISBGRND;
708 			if (daemon(0, 0) != 0)
709 				err(1, "daemon");
710 		}
711 		/*
712 		 * If rtm_ifinfo_sleep() returns non-zero, don't count
713 		 * that as a retry attempt.
714 		 */
715 		if (rtm_ifinfo_sleep(60) && retrycnt != 0)
716 			retrycnt++;
717 	}
718 	freeaddrinfo(ai_nfs);
719 
720 	build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "hostname", nam, (size_t)-1);
721 	/* Add mounted file system to PATH_MOUNTTAB */
722 	if (mountmode != V4 && !add_mtab(hostp, spec))
723 		warnx("can't update %s for %s:%s", PATH_MOUNTTAB, hostp, spec);
724 	return (1);
725 }
726 
727 /*
728  * Try to set up the NFS arguments according to the address
729  * family, protocol (and possibly port) specified in `ai'.
730  *
731  * Returns TRYRET_SUCCESS if successful, or:
732  *   TRYRET_TIMEOUT		The server did not respond.
733  *   TRYRET_REMOTEERR		The server reported an error.
734  *   TRYRET_LOCALERR		Local failure.
735  *
736  * In all error cases, *errstr will be set to a statically-allocated string
737  * describing the error.
738  */
739 static enum tryret
740 nfs_tryproto(struct addrinfo *ai, char *hostp, char *spec, char **errstr,
741     struct iovec **iov, int *iovlen)
742 {
743 	static char errbuf[256];
744 	struct sockaddr_storage nfs_ss;
745 	struct netbuf nfs_nb;
746 	struct nfhret nfhret;
747 	struct timeval try;
748 	struct rpc_err rpcerr;
749 	CLIENT *clp;
750 	struct netconfig *nconf, *nconf_mnt;
751 	const char *netid, *netid_mnt, *secname;
752 	int doconnect, nfsvers, mntvers, sotype;
753 	enum clnt_stat clntstat;
754 	enum mountmode trymntmode;
755 
756 	sotype = 0;
757 	trymntmode = mountmode;
758 	errbuf[0] = '\0';
759 	*errstr = errbuf;
760 
761 	if (nfsproto == IPPROTO_TCP)
762 		sotype = SOCK_STREAM;
763 	else if (nfsproto == IPPROTO_UDP)
764 		sotype = SOCK_DGRAM;
765 
766 	if ((netid = netidbytype(ai->ai_family, sotype)) == NULL) {
767 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf,
768 		    "af %d sotype %d not supported", ai->ai_family, sotype);
769 		return (TRYRET_LOCALERR);
770 	}
771 	if ((nconf = getnetconf_cached(netid)) == NULL) {
772 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "%s: %s", netid, nc_sperror());
773 		return (TRYRET_LOCALERR);
774 	}
775 	/* The RPCPROG_MNT netid may be different. */
776 	if (mnttcp_ok) {
777 		netid_mnt = netid;
778 		nconf_mnt = nconf;
779 	} else {
780 		if ((netid_mnt = netidbytype(ai->ai_family, SOCK_DGRAM))
781 		     == NULL) {
782 			snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf,
783 			    "af %d sotype SOCK_DGRAM not supported",
784 			     ai->ai_family);
785 			return (TRYRET_LOCALERR);
786 		}
787 		if ((nconf_mnt = getnetconf_cached(netid_mnt)) == NULL) {
788 			snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "%s: %s", netid_mnt,
789 			    nc_sperror());
790 			return (TRYRET_LOCALERR);
791 		}
792 	}
793 
794 tryagain:
795 	if (trymntmode == V4) {
796 		nfsvers = 4;
797 		mntvers = 3; /* Workaround for GCC. */
798 	} else if (trymntmode == V2) {
799 		nfsvers = 2;
800 		mntvers = 1;
801 	} else {
802 		nfsvers = 3;
803 		mntvers = 3;
804 	}
805 
806 	if (portspec != NULL) {
807 		/* `ai' contains the complete nfsd sockaddr. */
808 		nfs_nb.buf = ai->ai_addr;
809 		nfs_nb.len = nfs_nb.maxlen = ai->ai_addrlen;
810 	} else {
811 		/* Ask the remote rpcbind. */
812 		nfs_nb.buf = &nfs_ss;
813 		nfs_nb.len = nfs_nb.maxlen = sizeof nfs_ss;
814 
815 		if (!rpcb_getaddr(NFS_PROGRAM, nfsvers, nconf, &nfs_nb,
816 		    hostp)) {
817 			if (rpc_createerr.cf_stat == RPC_PROGVERSMISMATCH &&
818 			    trymntmode == ANY) {
819 				trymntmode = V2;
820 				goto tryagain;
821 			}
822 			snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "[%s] %s:%s: %s",
823 			    netid, hostp, spec,
824 			    clnt_spcreateerror("RPCPROG_NFS"));
825 			return (returncode(rpc_createerr.cf_stat,
826 			    &rpc_createerr.cf_error));
827 		}
828 	}
829 
830 	/* Check that the server (nfsd) responds on the port we have chosen. */
831 	clp = clnt_tli_create(RPC_ANYFD, nconf, &nfs_nb, NFS_PROGRAM, nfsvers,
832 	    0, 0);
833 	if (clp == NULL) {
834 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "[%s] %s:%s: %s", netid,
835 		    hostp, spec, clnt_spcreateerror("nfsd: RPCPROG_NFS"));
836 		return (returncode(rpc_createerr.cf_stat,
837 		    &rpc_createerr.cf_error));
838 	}
839 	if (sotype == SOCK_DGRAM && noconn == 0) {
840 		/*
841 		 * Use connect(), to match what the kernel does. This
842 		 * catches cases where the server responds from the
843 		 * wrong source address.
844 		 */
845 		doconnect = 1;
846 		if (!clnt_control(clp, CLSET_CONNECT, (char *)&doconnect)) {
847 			clnt_destroy(clp);
848 			snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf,
849 			    "[%s] %s:%s: CLSET_CONNECT failed", netid, hostp,
850 			    spec);
851 			return (TRYRET_LOCALERR);
852 		}
853 	}
854 
855 	try.tv_sec = 10;
856 	try.tv_usec = 0;
857 	clntstat = clnt_call(clp, NFSPROC_NULL, (xdrproc_t)xdr_void, NULL,
858 			 (xdrproc_t)xdr_void, NULL, try);
859 	if (clntstat != RPC_SUCCESS) {
860 		if (clntstat == RPC_PROGVERSMISMATCH && trymntmode == ANY) {
861 			clnt_destroy(clp);
862 			trymntmode = V2;
863 			goto tryagain;
864 		}
865 		clnt_geterr(clp, &rpcerr);
866 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "[%s] %s:%s: %s", netid,
867 		    hostp, spec, clnt_sperror(clp, "NFSPROC_NULL"));
868 		clnt_destroy(clp);
869 		return (returncode(clntstat, &rpcerr));
870 	}
871 	clnt_destroy(clp);
872 
873 	/*
874 	 * For NFSv4, there is no mount protocol.
875 	 */
876 	if (trymntmode == V4) {
877 		/*
878 		 * Store the server address in nfsargsp, making
879 		 * sure to copy any locally allocated structures.
880 		 */
881 		addrlen = nfs_nb.len;
882 		addr = malloc(addrlen);
883 		if (addr == NULL)
884 			err(1, "malloc");
885 		bcopy(nfs_nb.buf, addr, addrlen);
886 
887 		build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "addr", addr, addrlen);
888 		secname = sec_num_to_name(secflavor);
889 		if (secname != NULL) {
890 			build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "sec",
891 			    __DECONST(void *, secname), (size_t)-1);
892 		}
893 		build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "nfsv4", NULL, 0);
894 		build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "dirpath", spec, (size_t)-1);
895 
896 		return (TRYRET_SUCCESS);
897 	}
898 
899 	/* Send the MOUNTPROC_MNT RPC to get the root filehandle. */
900 	try.tv_sec = 10;
901 	try.tv_usec = 0;
902 	clp = clnt_tp_create(hostp, MOUNTPROG, mntvers, nconf_mnt);
903 	if (clp == NULL) {
904 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "[%s] %s:%s: %s", netid_mnt,
905 		    hostp, spec, clnt_spcreateerror("RPCMNT: clnt_create"));
906 		return (returncode(rpc_createerr.cf_stat,
907 		    &rpc_createerr.cf_error));
908 	}
909 	clp->cl_auth = authsys_create_default();
910 	nfhret.auth = secflavor;
911 	nfhret.vers = mntvers;
912 	clntstat = clnt_call(clp, MOUNTPROC_MNT, (xdrproc_t)xdr_dir, spec,
913 			 (xdrproc_t)xdr_fh, &nfhret,
914 	    try);
915 	auth_destroy(clp->cl_auth);
916 	if (clntstat != RPC_SUCCESS) {
917 		if (clntstat == RPC_PROGVERSMISMATCH && trymntmode == ANY) {
918 			clnt_destroy(clp);
919 			trymntmode = V2;
920 			goto tryagain;
921 		}
922 		clnt_geterr(clp, &rpcerr);
923 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "[%s] %s:%s: %s", netid_mnt,
924 		    hostp, spec, clnt_sperror(clp, "RPCPROG_MNT"));
925 		clnt_destroy(clp);
926 		return (returncode(clntstat, &rpcerr));
927 	}
928 	clnt_destroy(clp);
929 
930 	if (nfhret.stat != 0) {
931 		snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "[%s] %s:%s: %s", netid_mnt,
932 		    hostp, spec, strerror(nfhret.stat));
933 		return (TRYRET_REMOTEERR);
934 	}
935 
936 	/*
937 	 * Store the filehandle and server address in nfsargsp, making
938 	 * sure to copy any locally allocated structures.
939 	 */
940 	addrlen = nfs_nb.len;
941 	addr = malloc(addrlen);
942 	fhsize = nfhret.fhsize;
943 	fh = malloc(fhsize);
944 	if (addr == NULL || fh == NULL)
945 		err(1, "malloc");
946 	bcopy(nfs_nb.buf, addr, addrlen);
947 	bcopy(nfhret.nfh, fh, fhsize);
948 
949 	build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "addr", addr, addrlen);
950 	build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "fh", fh, fhsize);
951 	secname = sec_num_to_name(nfhret.auth);
952 	if (secname) {
953 		build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "sec",
954 		    __DECONST(void *, secname), (size_t)-1);
955 	}
956 	if (nfsvers == 3)
957 		build_iovec(iov, iovlen, "nfsv3", NULL, 0);
958 
959 	return (TRYRET_SUCCESS);
960 }
961 
962 /*
963  * Catagorise a RPC return status and error into an `enum tryret'
964  * return code.
965  */
966 static enum tryret
967 returncode(enum clnt_stat clntstat, struct rpc_err *rpcerr)
968 {
969 
970 	switch (clntstat) {
971 	case RPC_TIMEDOUT:
972 		return (TRYRET_TIMEOUT);
973 	case RPC_PMAPFAILURE:
974 	case RPC_PROGNOTREGISTERED:
975 	case RPC_PROGVERSMISMATCH:
976 	/* XXX, these can be local or remote. */
977 	case RPC_CANTSEND:
978 	case RPC_CANTRECV:
979 		return (TRYRET_REMOTEERR);
980 	case RPC_SYSTEMERROR:
981 		switch (rpcerr->re_errno) {
982 		case ETIMEDOUT:
983 			return (TRYRET_TIMEOUT);
984 		case ENOMEM:
985 			break;
986 		default:
987 			return (TRYRET_REMOTEERR);
988 		}
989 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
990 	default:
991 		break;
992 	}
993 	return (TRYRET_LOCALERR);
994 }
995 
996 /*
997  * Look up a netid based on an address family and socket type.
998  * `af' is the address family, and `sotype' is SOCK_DGRAM or SOCK_STREAM.
999  *
1000  * XXX there should be a library function for this.
1001  */
1002 static const char *
1003 netidbytype(int af, int sotype)
1004 {
1005 	struct nc_protos *p;
1006 
1007 	for (p = nc_protos; p->netid != NULL; p++) {
1008 		if (af != p->af || sotype != p->sotype)
1009 			continue;
1010 		return (p->netid);
1011 	}
1012 	return (NULL);
1013 }
1014 
1015 /*
1016  * Look up a netconfig entry based on a netid, and cache the result so
1017  * that we don't need to remember to call freenetconfigent().
1018  *
1019  * Otherwise it behaves just like getnetconfigent(), so nc_*error()
1020  * work on failure.
1021  */
1022 static struct netconfig *
1023 getnetconf_cached(const char *netid)
1024 {
1025 	static struct nc_entry {
1026 		struct netconfig *nconf;
1027 		struct nc_entry *next;
1028 	} *head;
1029 	struct nc_entry *p;
1030 	struct netconfig *nconf;
1031 
1032 	for (p = head; p != NULL; p = p->next)
1033 		if (strcmp(netid, p->nconf->nc_netid) == 0)
1034 			return (p->nconf);
1035 
1036 	if ((nconf = getnetconfigent(netid)) == NULL)
1037 		return (NULL);
1038 	if ((p = malloc(sizeof(*p))) == NULL)
1039 		err(1, "malloc");
1040 	p->nconf = nconf;
1041 	p->next = head;
1042 	head = p;
1043 
1044 	return (p->nconf);
1045 }
1046 
1047 /*
1048  * xdr routines for mount rpc's
1049  */
1050 static int
1051 xdr_dir(XDR *xdrsp, char *dirp)
1052 {
1053 	return (xdr_string(xdrsp, &dirp, MNTPATHLEN));
1054 }
1055 
1056 static int
1057 xdr_fh(XDR *xdrsp, struct nfhret *np)
1058 {
1059 	int i;
1060 	long auth, authcnt, authfnd = 0;
1061 
1062 	if (!xdr_u_long(xdrsp, &np->stat))
1063 		return (0);
1064 	if (np->stat)
1065 		return (1);
1066 	switch (np->vers) {
1067 	case 1:
1068 		np->fhsize = NFS_FHSIZE;
1069 		return (xdr_opaque(xdrsp, (caddr_t)np->nfh, NFS_FHSIZE));
1070 	case 3:
1071 		if (!xdr_long(xdrsp, &np->fhsize))
1072 			return (0);
1073 		if (np->fhsize <= 0 || np->fhsize > NFS3_FHSIZE)
1074 			return (0);
1075 		if (!xdr_opaque(xdrsp, (caddr_t)np->nfh, np->fhsize))
1076 			return (0);
1077 		if (!xdr_long(xdrsp, &authcnt))
1078 			return (0);
1079 		for (i = 0; i < authcnt; i++) {
1080 			if (!xdr_long(xdrsp, &auth))
1081 				return (0);
1082 			if (np->auth == -1) {
1083 				np->auth = auth;
1084 				authfnd++;
1085 			} else if (auth == np->auth) {
1086 				authfnd++;
1087 			}
1088 		}
1089 		/*
1090 		 * Some servers, such as DEC's OSF/1 return a nil authenticator
1091 		 * list to indicate RPCAUTH_UNIX.
1092 		 */
1093 		if (authcnt == 0 && np->auth == -1)
1094 			np->auth = AUTH_SYS;
1095 		if (!authfnd && (authcnt > 0 || np->auth != AUTH_SYS))
1096 			np->stat = EAUTH;
1097 		return (1);
1098 	}
1099 	return (0);
1100 }
1101 
1102 static void
1103 usage(void)
1104 {
1105 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1106 "usage: mount_nfs [-23bcdiLlNPsTU] [-a maxreadahead] [-D deadthresh]",
1107 "                 [-g maxgroups] [-I readdirsize] [-o options] [-R retrycnt]",
1108 "                 [-r readsize] [-t timeout] [-w writesize] [-x retrans]",
1109 "                 rhost:path node");
1110 	exit(1);
1111 }
1112