xref: /freebsd/lib/libutil/pidfile.c (revision 1db64f89363c97858961c4df0b7d02f3223723cf)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2005 Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pjd@FreeBSD.org>
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #include <sys/param.h>
30 #include <sys/types.h>
31 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
32 #include <sys/file.h>
33 #include <sys/stat.h>
34 
35 #include <err.h>
36 #include <errno.h>
37 #include <fcntl.h>
38 #include <libgen.h>
39 #include <libutil.h>
40 #include <signal.h>
41 #include <stdio.h>
42 #include <stdlib.h>
43 #include <string.h>
44 #include <time.h>
45 #include <unistd.h>
46 
47 struct pidfh {
48 	int	pf_dirfd;
49 	int	pf_fd;
50 	char	pf_dir[MAXPATHLEN + 1];
51 	char	pf_filename[MAXPATHLEN + 1];
52 	dev_t	pf_dev;
53 	ino_t	pf_ino;
54 };
55 
56 static int _pidfile_remove(struct pidfh *pfh, int freeit);
57 
58 static int
59 pidfile_verify(const struct pidfh *pfh)
60 {
61 	struct stat sb;
62 
63 	if (pfh == NULL || pfh->pf_fd == -1)
64 		return (EDOOFUS);
65 	/*
66 	 * Check remembered descriptor.
67 	 */
68 	if (fstat(pfh->pf_fd, &sb) == -1)
69 		return (errno);
70 	if (sb.st_dev != pfh->pf_dev || sb.st_ino != pfh->pf_ino)
71 		return (EDOOFUS);
72 	return (0);
73 }
74 
75 static int
76 pidfile_read_impl(int dirfd, const char *filename, pid_t *pidptr)
77 {
78 	char buf[16], *endptr;
79 	int error, fd, i;
80 
81 	fd = openat(dirfd, filename, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
82 	if (fd == -1)
83 		return (errno);
84 
85 	i = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
86 	error = errno;	/* Remember errno in case close() wants to change it. */
87 	close(fd);
88 	if (i == -1)
89 		return (error);
90 	else if (i == 0)
91 		return (EAGAIN);
92 	buf[i] = '\0';
93 
94 	*pidptr = strtol(buf, &endptr, 10);
95 	if (endptr != &buf[i])
96 		return (EINVAL);
97 
98 	return (0);
99 }
100 
101 static int
102 pidfile_read(int dirfd, const char *filename, pid_t *pidptr)
103 {
104 	struct timespec rqtp;
105 	int count;
106 
107 	count = 20;
108 	rqtp.tv_sec = 0;
109 	rqtp.tv_nsec = 5000000;
110 	for (;;) {
111 		errno = pidfile_read_impl(dirfd, filename, pidptr);
112 		if (errno != EAGAIN || --count == 0)
113 			break;
114 		nanosleep(&rqtp, 0);
115 	}
116 	if (errno == EAGAIN)
117 		*pidptr = -1;
118 	return (errno);
119 }
120 
121 struct pidfh *
122 pidfile_open(const char *pathp, mode_t mode, pid_t *pidptr)
123 {
124 	char path[MAXPATHLEN];
125 	struct pidfh *pfh;
126 	struct stat sb;
127 	int error, fd, dirfd, dirlen, filenamelen;
128 	cap_rights_t caprights;
129 
130 	pfh = malloc(sizeof(*pfh));
131 	if (pfh == NULL)
132 		return (NULL);
133 
134 	if (pathp == NULL) {
135 		dirlen = snprintf(pfh->pf_dir, sizeof(pfh->pf_dir),
136 		    "/var/run/");
137 		filenamelen = snprintf(pfh->pf_filename,
138 		    sizeof(pfh->pf_filename), "%s.pid", getprogname());
139 	} else {
140 		if (strlcpy(path, pathp, sizeof(path)) >= sizeof(path)) {
141 			free(pfh);
142 			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
143 			return (NULL);
144 		}
145 		dirlen = strlcpy(pfh->pf_dir, dirname(path),
146 		    sizeof(pfh->pf_dir));
147 		(void)strlcpy(path, pathp, sizeof(path));
148 		filenamelen = strlcpy(pfh->pf_filename, basename(path),
149 		    sizeof(pfh->pf_filename));
150 	}
151 
152 	if (dirlen >= (int)sizeof(pfh->pf_dir) ||
153 	    filenamelen >= (int)sizeof(pfh->pf_filename)) {
154 		free(pfh);
155 		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
156 		return (NULL);
157 	}
158 
159 	dirfd = open(pfh->pf_dir, O_CLOEXEC | O_DIRECTORY | O_NONBLOCK);
160 	if (dirfd == -1) {
161 		error = errno;
162 		free(pfh);
163 		errno = error;
164 		return (NULL);
165 	}
166 
167 	/*
168 	 * Open the PID file and obtain exclusive lock.
169 	 * We truncate PID file here only to remove old PID immediately,
170 	 * PID file will be truncated again in pidfile_write(), so
171 	 * pidfile_write() can be called multiple times.
172 	 */
173 	fd = flopenat(dirfd, pfh->pf_filename,
174 	    O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK, mode);
175 	if (fd == -1) {
176 		if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
177 			if (pidptr == NULL) {
178 				errno = EEXIST;
179 			} else {
180 				errno = pidfile_read(dirfd,
181 				    pfh->pf_filename, pidptr);
182 				if (errno == 0 || errno == EAGAIN)
183 					errno = EEXIST;
184 			}
185 		}
186 		error = errno;
187 		close(dirfd);
188 		free(pfh);
189 		errno = error;
190 		return (NULL);
191 	}
192 
193 	/*
194 	 * Remember file information, so in pidfile_write() we are sure we write
195 	 * to the proper descriptor.
196 	 */
197 	if (fstat(fd, &sb) == -1) {
198 		goto failed;
199 	}
200 
201 	if (cap_rights_limit(dirfd,
202 	    cap_rights_init(&caprights, CAP_UNLINKAT)) < 0 && errno != ENOSYS) {
203 		goto failed;
204 	}
205 
206 	if (cap_rights_limit(fd, cap_rights_init(&caprights, CAP_PWRITE,
207 	    CAP_FSTAT, CAP_FTRUNCATE, CAP_EVENT)) < 0 &&
208 	    errno != ENOSYS) {
209 		goto failed;
210 	}
211 
212 	pfh->pf_dirfd = dirfd;
213 	pfh->pf_fd = fd;
214 	pfh->pf_dev = sb.st_dev;
215 	pfh->pf_ino = sb.st_ino;
216 
217 	return (pfh);
218 
219 failed:
220 	error = errno;
221 	unlinkat(dirfd, pfh->pf_filename, 0);
222 	close(dirfd);
223 	close(fd);
224 	free(pfh);
225 	errno = error;
226 	return (NULL);
227 }
228 
229 int
230 pidfile_write(struct pidfh *pfh)
231 {
232 	char pidstr[16];
233 	int error, fd;
234 
235 	/*
236 	 * Check remembered descriptor, so we don't overwrite some other
237 	 * file if pidfile was closed and descriptor reused.
238 	 */
239 	errno = pidfile_verify(pfh);
240 	if (errno != 0) {
241 		/*
242 		 * Don't close descriptor, because we are not sure if it's ours.
243 		 */
244 		return (-1);
245 	}
246 	fd = pfh->pf_fd;
247 
248 	/*
249 	 * Truncate PID file, so multiple calls of pidfile_write() are allowed.
250 	 */
251 	if (ftruncate(fd, 0) == -1) {
252 		error = errno;
253 		_pidfile_remove(pfh, 0);
254 		errno = error;
255 		return (-1);
256 	}
257 
258 	snprintf(pidstr, sizeof(pidstr), "%u", getpid());
259 	if (pwrite(fd, pidstr, strlen(pidstr), 0) != (ssize_t)strlen(pidstr)) {
260 		error = errno;
261 		_pidfile_remove(pfh, 0);
262 		errno = error;
263 		return (-1);
264 	}
265 
266 	return (0);
267 }
268 
269 int
270 pidfile_close(struct pidfh *pfh)
271 {
272 	int error;
273 
274 	error = pidfile_verify(pfh);
275 	if (error != 0) {
276 		errno = error;
277 		return (-1);
278 	}
279 
280 	if (close(pfh->pf_fd) == -1)
281 		error = errno;
282 	if (close(pfh->pf_dirfd) == -1 && error == 0)
283 		error = errno;
284 
285 	free(pfh);
286 	if (error != 0) {
287 		errno = error;
288 		return (-1);
289 	}
290 	return (0);
291 }
292 
293 static int
294 _pidfile_remove(struct pidfh *pfh, int freeit)
295 {
296 	int error;
297 
298 	error = pidfile_verify(pfh);
299 	if (error != 0) {
300 		errno = error;
301 		return (-1);
302 	}
303 
304 	if (funlinkat(pfh->pf_dirfd, pfh->pf_filename, pfh->pf_fd, 0) == -1) {
305 		if (errno == EDEADLK)
306 			return (-1);
307 		error = errno;
308 	}
309 	if (close(pfh->pf_fd) == -1 && error == 0)
310 		error = errno;
311 	if (close(pfh->pf_dirfd) == -1 && error == 0)
312 		error = errno;
313 	if (freeit)
314 		free(pfh);
315 	else
316 		pfh->pf_fd = -1;
317 	if (error != 0) {
318 		errno = error;
319 		return (-1);
320 	}
321 	return (0);
322 }
323 
324 int
325 pidfile_remove(struct pidfh *pfh)
326 {
327 
328 	return (_pidfile_remove(pfh, 1));
329 }
330 
331 int
332 pidfile_fileno(const struct pidfh *pfh)
333 {
334 
335 	if (pfh == NULL || pfh->pf_fd == -1) {
336 		errno = EDOOFUS;
337 		return (-1);
338 	}
339 	return (pfh->pf_fd);
340 }
341 
342 int
343 pidfile_signal(const char *pathp, int sig, pid_t *pidptr)
344 {
345 	pid_t pid;
346 	int fd;
347 
348 	fd = flopenat(AT_FDCWD, pathp,
349 	    O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK);
350 	if (fd >= 0) {
351 		/*
352 		 * The file exists but is not locked,
353 		 * so the daemon is dead. Nothing to do.
354 		 */
355 		close(fd);
356 		errno = ENOENT;
357 		return (errno);
358 	}
359 	if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK) {
360 		return (errno);
361 	}
362 	errno = pidfile_read(AT_FDCWD, pathp, &pid);
363 	if (errno != 0)
364 		return (errno);
365 	/*
366 	 * Refuse to send broadcast or group signals, this has
367 	 * happened due to the bugs in pidfile(3).
368 	 */
369 	if (pid <= 0)
370 		return (EDOM);
371 	kill(pid, sig);
372 	if (pidptr != NULL)
373 		*pidptr = pid;
374 	return (errno);
375 }
376