xref: /freebsd/lib/libutil/pidfile.c (revision 0957b409a90fd597c1e9124cbaf3edd2b488f4ac)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2005 Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pjd@FreeBSD.org>
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
30 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
31 
32 #include <sys/param.h>
33 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
34 #include <sys/file.h>
35 #include <sys/stat.h>
36 
37 #include <err.h>
38 #include <errno.h>
39 #include <fcntl.h>
40 #include <libgen.h>
41 #include <libutil.h>
42 #include <stdio.h>
43 #include <stdlib.h>
44 #include <string.h>
45 #include <time.h>
46 #include <unistd.h>
47 
48 struct pidfh {
49 	int	pf_dirfd;
50 	int	pf_fd;
51 	char	pf_dir[MAXPATHLEN + 1];
52 	char	pf_filename[MAXPATHLEN + 1];
53 	dev_t	pf_dev;
54 	ino_t	pf_ino;
55 };
56 
57 static int _pidfile_remove(struct pidfh *pfh, int freeit);
58 
59 static int
60 pidfile_verify(const struct pidfh *pfh)
61 {
62 	struct stat sb;
63 
64 	if (pfh == NULL || pfh->pf_fd == -1)
65 		return (EDOOFUS);
66 	/*
67 	 * Check remembered descriptor.
68 	 */
69 	if (fstat(pfh->pf_fd, &sb) == -1)
70 		return (errno);
71 	if (sb.st_dev != pfh->pf_dev || sb.st_ino != pfh->pf_ino)
72 		return (EDOOFUS);
73 	return (0);
74 }
75 
76 static int
77 pidfile_read(int dirfd, const char *filename, pid_t *pidptr)
78 {
79 	char buf[16], *endptr;
80 	int error, fd, i;
81 
82 	fd = openat(dirfd, filename, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
83 	if (fd == -1)
84 		return (errno);
85 
86 	i = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
87 	error = errno;	/* Remember errno in case close() wants to change it. */
88 	close(fd);
89 	if (i == -1)
90 		return (error);
91 	else if (i == 0)
92 		return (EAGAIN);
93 	buf[i] = '\0';
94 
95 	*pidptr = strtol(buf, &endptr, 10);
96 	if (endptr != &buf[i])
97 		return (EINVAL);
98 
99 	return (0);
100 }
101 
102 struct pidfh *
103 pidfile_open(const char *path, mode_t mode, pid_t *pidptr)
104 {
105 	struct pidfh *pfh;
106 	struct stat sb;
107 	int error, fd, dirfd, dirlen, filenamelen, count;
108 	struct timespec rqtp;
109 	cap_rights_t caprights;
110 
111 	pfh = malloc(sizeof(*pfh));
112 	if (pfh == NULL)
113 		return (NULL);
114 
115 	if (path == NULL) {
116 		dirlen = snprintf(pfh->pf_dir, sizeof(pfh->pf_dir),
117 		    "/var/run/");
118 		filenamelen = snprintf(pfh->pf_filename,
119 		    sizeof(pfh->pf_filename), "%s.pid", getprogname());
120 	} else {
121 		dirlen = snprintf(pfh->pf_dir, sizeof(pfh->pf_dir),
122 		    "%s", path);
123 		filenamelen = snprintf(pfh->pf_filename,
124 		    sizeof(pfh->pf_filename), "%s", path);
125 
126 		dirname(pfh->pf_dir);
127 		basename(pfh->pf_filename);
128 	}
129 
130 	if (dirlen >= (int)sizeof(pfh->pf_dir) ||
131 	    filenamelen >= (int)sizeof(pfh->pf_filename)) {
132 		free(pfh);
133 		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
134 		return (NULL);
135 	}
136 
137 	dirfd = open(pfh->pf_dir, O_CLOEXEC | O_DIRECTORY | O_NONBLOCK);
138 	if (dirfd == -1) {
139 		error = errno;
140 		free(pfh);
141 		errno = error;
142 		return (NULL);
143 	}
144 
145 	/*
146 	 * Open the PID file and obtain exclusive lock.
147 	 * We truncate PID file here only to remove old PID immediately,
148 	 * PID file will be truncated again in pidfile_write(), so
149 	 * pidfile_write() can be called multiple times.
150 	 */
151 	fd = flopenat(dirfd, pfh->pf_filename,
152 	    O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK, mode);
153 	if (fd == -1) {
154 		if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
155 			if (pidptr == NULL) {
156 				errno = EEXIST;
157 			} else {
158 				count = 20;
159 				rqtp.tv_sec = 0;
160 				rqtp.tv_nsec = 5000000;
161 				for (;;) {
162 					errno = pidfile_read(dirfd,
163 					    pfh->pf_filename, pidptr);
164 					if (errno != EAGAIN || --count == 0)
165 						break;
166 					nanosleep(&rqtp, 0);
167 				}
168 				if (errno == EAGAIN)
169 					*pidptr = -1;
170 				if (errno == 0 || errno == EAGAIN)
171 					errno = EEXIST;
172 			}
173 		}
174 		error = errno;
175 		close(dirfd);
176 		free(pfh);
177 		errno = error;
178 		return (NULL);
179 	}
180 
181 	/*
182 	 * Remember file information, so in pidfile_write() we are sure we write
183 	 * to the proper descriptor.
184 	 */
185 	if (fstat(fd, &sb) == -1) {
186 		goto failed;
187 	}
188 
189 	if (cap_rights_limit(dirfd,
190 	    cap_rights_init(&caprights, CAP_UNLINKAT)) < 0 && errno != ENOSYS) {
191 		goto failed;
192 	}
193 
194 	if (cap_rights_limit(fd, cap_rights_init(&caprights, CAP_PWRITE,
195 	    CAP_FSTAT, CAP_FTRUNCATE)) < 0 &&
196 	    errno != ENOSYS) {
197 		goto failed;
198 	}
199 
200 	pfh->pf_dirfd = dirfd;
201 	pfh->pf_fd = fd;
202 	pfh->pf_dev = sb.st_dev;
203 	pfh->pf_ino = sb.st_ino;
204 
205 	return (pfh);
206 
207 failed:
208 	error = errno;
209 	unlinkat(dirfd, pfh->pf_filename, 0);
210 	close(dirfd);
211 	close(fd);
212 	free(pfh);
213 	errno = error;
214 	return (NULL);
215 }
216 
217 int
218 pidfile_write(struct pidfh *pfh)
219 {
220 	char pidstr[16];
221 	int error, fd;
222 
223 	/*
224 	 * Check remembered descriptor, so we don't overwrite some other
225 	 * file if pidfile was closed and descriptor reused.
226 	 */
227 	errno = pidfile_verify(pfh);
228 	if (errno != 0) {
229 		/*
230 		 * Don't close descriptor, because we are not sure if it's ours.
231 		 */
232 		return (-1);
233 	}
234 	fd = pfh->pf_fd;
235 
236 	/*
237 	 * Truncate PID file, so multiple calls of pidfile_write() are allowed.
238 	 */
239 	if (ftruncate(fd, 0) == -1) {
240 		error = errno;
241 		_pidfile_remove(pfh, 0);
242 		errno = error;
243 		return (-1);
244 	}
245 
246 	snprintf(pidstr, sizeof(pidstr), "%u", getpid());
247 	if (pwrite(fd, pidstr, strlen(pidstr), 0) != (ssize_t)strlen(pidstr)) {
248 		error = errno;
249 		_pidfile_remove(pfh, 0);
250 		errno = error;
251 		return (-1);
252 	}
253 
254 	return (0);
255 }
256 
257 int
258 pidfile_close(struct pidfh *pfh)
259 {
260 	int error;
261 
262 	error = pidfile_verify(pfh);
263 	if (error != 0) {
264 		errno = error;
265 		return (-1);
266 	}
267 
268 	if (close(pfh->pf_fd) == -1)
269 		error = errno;
270 	if (close(pfh->pf_dirfd) == -1 && error == 0)
271 		error = errno;
272 
273 	free(pfh);
274 	if (error != 0) {
275 		errno = error;
276 		return (-1);
277 	}
278 	return (0);
279 }
280 
281 static int
282 _pidfile_remove(struct pidfh *pfh, int freeit)
283 {
284 	int error;
285 
286 	error = pidfile_verify(pfh);
287 	if (error != 0) {
288 		errno = error;
289 		return (-1);
290 	}
291 
292 	if (unlinkat(pfh->pf_dirfd, pfh->pf_filename, 0) == -1)
293 		error = errno;
294 	if (close(pfh->pf_fd) == -1 && error == 0)
295 		error = errno;
296 	if (close(pfh->pf_dirfd) == -1 && error == 0)
297 		error = errno;
298 	if (freeit)
299 		free(pfh);
300 	else
301 		pfh->pf_fd = -1;
302 	if (error != 0) {
303 		errno = error;
304 		return (-1);
305 	}
306 	return (0);
307 }
308 
309 int
310 pidfile_remove(struct pidfh *pfh)
311 {
312 
313 	return (_pidfile_remove(pfh, 1));
314 }
315 
316 int
317 pidfile_fileno(const struct pidfh *pfh)
318 {
319 
320 	if (pfh == NULL || pfh->pf_fd == -1) {
321 		errno = EDOOFUS;
322 		return (-1);
323 	}
324 	return (pfh->pf_fd);
325 }
326