xref: /freebsd/lib/libc/string/strtok.3 (revision 2b8331622f0b212cf3bb4fc4914a501e5321d506)
1.\" Copyright (c) 1998 Softweyr LLC.  All rights reserved.
2.\"
3.\" strtok_r, from Berkeley strtok
4.\" Oct 13, 1998 by Wes Peters <wes@softweyr.com>
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9.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
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44.\"     @(#)strtok.3	8.2 (Berkeley) 2/3/94
45.\" $FreeBSD$
46.\"
47.Dd January 22, 2016
48.Dt STRTOK 3
49.Os
50.Sh NAME
51.Nm strtok , strtok_r
52.Nd string tokens
53.Sh LIBRARY
54.Lb libc
55.Sh SYNOPSIS
56.In string.h
57.Ft char *
58.Fn strtok "char *str" "const char *sep"
59.Ft char *
60.Fn strtok_r "char *str" "const char *sep" "char **last"
61.Sh DESCRIPTION
62.Bf -symbolic
63This interface is obsoleted by
64.Xr strsep 3 .
65.Ef
66.Pp
67The
68.Fn strtok
69function
70is used to isolate sequential tokens in a null-terminated string,
71.Fa str .
72These tokens are separated in the string by at least one of the
73characters in
74.Fa sep .
75The first time that
76.Fn strtok
77is called,
78.Fa str
79should be specified; subsequent calls, wishing to obtain further tokens
80from the same string, should pass a null pointer instead.
81The separator string,
82.Fa sep ,
83must be supplied each time, and may change between calls.
84.Pp
85The implementation will behave as if no library function calls
86.Fn strtok .
87.Pp
88The
89.Fn strtok_r
90function is a reentrant version of
91.Fn strtok .
92The context pointer
93.Fa last
94must be provided on each call.
95The
96.Fn strtok_r
97function
98may also be used to nest two parsing loops within one another, as
99long as separate context pointers are used.
100.Sh RETURN VALUES
101The
102.Fn strtok
103and
104.Fn strtok_r
105functions
106return a pointer to the beginning of each subsequent token in the string,
107after replacing the token itself with a
108.Dv NUL
109character.
110When no more tokens remain, a null pointer is returned.
111.Sh EXAMPLES
112The following uses
113.Fn strtok_r
114to parse two strings using separate contexts:
115.Bd -literal
116char test[80], blah[80];
117char *sep = "\e\e/:;=-";
118char *word, *phrase, *brkt, *brkb;
119
120strcpy(test, "This;is.a:test:of=the/string\e\etokenizer-function.");
121
122for (word = strtok_r(test, sep, &brkt);
123     word;
124     word = strtok_r(NULL, sep, &brkt))
125{
126    strcpy(blah, "blah:blat:blab:blag");
127
128    for (phrase = strtok_r(blah, sep, &brkb);
129         phrase;
130         phrase = strtok_r(NULL, sep, &brkb))
131    {
132        printf("So far we're at %s:%s\en", word, phrase);
133    }
134}
135.Ed
136.Sh SEE ALSO
137.Xr memchr 3 ,
138.Xr strchr 3 ,
139.Xr strcspn 3 ,
140.Xr strpbrk 3 ,
141.Xr strrchr 3 ,
142.Xr strsep 3 ,
143.Xr strspn 3 ,
144.Xr strstr 3 ,
145.Xr wcstok 3
146.Sh STANDARDS
147The
148.Fn strtok
149function
150conforms to
151.St -isoC .
152The
153.Fn strtok_r
154function
155conforms to
156.St -p1003.1-2001 .
157.Sh AUTHORS
158.An Wes Peters Aq Mt wes@softweyr.com ,
159Softweyr LLC
160.Pp
161Based on the
162.Fx 3.0
163implementation.
164.Sh BUGS
165The System V
166.Fn strtok ,
167if handed a string containing only delimiter characters,
168will not alter the next starting point, so that a call to
169.Fn strtok
170with a different (or empty) delimiter string
171may return a
172.Pf non- Dv NULL
173value.
174Since this implementation always alters the next starting point,
175such a sequence of calls would always return
176.Dv NULL .
177