xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssl/doc/man3/X509_STORE_CTX_new.pod (revision ffc5ee0f57d56459df93f4107b9835ae78a546b5)
1=pod
2
3=head1 NAME
4
5X509_STORE_CTX_new_ex, X509_STORE_CTX_new, X509_STORE_CTX_cleanup,
6X509_STORE_CTX_free, X509_STORE_CTX_init, X509_STORE_CTX_set0_trusted_stack,
7X509_STORE_CTX_set_cert, X509_STORE_CTX_set0_crls,
8X509_STORE_CTX_get0_param, X509_STORE_CTX_set0_param,
9X509_STORE_CTX_get0_untrusted, X509_STORE_CTX_set0_untrusted,
10X509_STORE_CTX_get_num_untrusted,
11X509_STORE_CTX_get0_chain, X509_STORE_CTX_set0_verified_chain,
12X509_STORE_CTX_set_default,
13X509_STORE_CTX_set_verify,
14X509_STORE_CTX_verify_fn,
15X509_STORE_CTX_set_purpose,
16X509_STORE_CTX_set_trust,
17X509_STORE_CTX_purpose_inherit
18- X509_STORE_CTX initialisation
19
20=head1 SYNOPSIS
21
22 #include <openssl/x509_vfy.h>
23
24 X509_STORE_CTX *X509_STORE_CTX_new_ex(OSSL_LIB_CTX *libctx, const char *propq);
25 X509_STORE_CTX *X509_STORE_CTX_new(void);
26 void X509_STORE_CTX_cleanup(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx);
27 void X509_STORE_CTX_free(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx);
28
29 int X509_STORE_CTX_init(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx, X509_STORE *trust_store,
30                         X509 *target, STACK_OF(X509) *untrusted);
31
32 void X509_STORE_CTX_set0_trusted_stack(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx, STACK_OF(X509) *sk);
33
34 void X509_STORE_CTX_set_cert(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx, X509 *target);
35 void X509_STORE_CTX_set0_crls(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx, STACK_OF(X509_CRL) *sk);
36
37 X509_VERIFY_PARAM *X509_STORE_CTX_get0_param(const X509_STORE_CTX *ctx);
38 void X509_STORE_CTX_set0_param(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx, X509_VERIFY_PARAM *param);
39
40 STACK_OF(X509)* X509_STORE_CTX_get0_untrusted(const X509_STORE_CTX *ctx);
41 void X509_STORE_CTX_set0_untrusted(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx, STACK_OF(X509) *sk);
42
43 int X509_STORE_CTX_get_num_untrusted(const X509_STORE_CTX *ctx);
44 STACK_OF(X509) *X509_STORE_CTX_get0_chain(const X509_STORE_CTX *ctx);
45 void X509_STORE_CTX_set0_verified_chain(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx, STACK_OF(X509) *chain);
46
47 int X509_STORE_CTX_set_default(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx, const char *name);
48 typedef int (*X509_STORE_CTX_verify_fn)(X509_STORE_CTX *);
49 void X509_STORE_CTX_set_verify(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx, X509_STORE_CTX_verify_fn verify);
50
51 int X509_STORE_CTX_set_purpose(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx, int purpose);
52 int X509_STORE_CTX_set_trust(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx, int trust);
53 int X509_STORE_CTX_purpose_inherit(X509_STORE_CTX *ctx, int def_purpose,
54                                    int purpose, int trust);
55
56=head1 DESCRIPTION
57
58These functions initialise an B<X509_STORE_CTX> structure for subsequent use
59by L<X509_verify_cert(3)> or L<X509_STORE_CTX_verify(3)>.
60
61X509_STORE_CTX_new_ex() returns a newly initialised B<X509_STORE_CTX>
62structure associated with the specified library context I<libctx> and property
63query string I<propq>. Any cryptographic algorithms fetched while performing
64processing with the X509_STORE_CTX will use that library context and property
65query string.
66
67X509_STORE_CTX_new() is the same as X509_STORE_CTX_new_ex() except that
68the default library context and a NULL property query string are used.
69
70X509_STORE_CTX_cleanup() internally cleans up an B<X509_STORE_CTX> structure.
71It is used by X509_STORE_CTX_init() and X509_STORE_CTX_free().
72
73X509_STORE_CTX_free() completely frees up I<ctx>. After this call I<ctx>
74is no longer valid.
75If I<ctx> is NULL nothing is done.
76
77X509_STORE_CTX_init() sets up I<ctx> for a subsequent verification operation.
78
79X509_STORE_CTX_init() initializes the internal state and resources of the
80given I<ctx>. Among others, it sets the verification parameters associcated
81with the method name C<default>, which includes the C<any> purpose,
82and takes over callback function pointers from I<trust_store> (unless NULL).
83It must be called before each call to L<X509_verify_cert(3)> or
84L<X509_STORE_CTX_verify(3)>, i.e., a context is only good for one verification.
85If you want to verify a further certificate or chain with the same I<ctx>
86then you must call X509_STORE_CTX_init() again.
87The trusted certificate store is set to I<trust_store> of type B<X509_STORE>.
88This may be NULL because there are no trusted certificates or because
89they are provided simply as a list using X509_STORE_CTX_set0_trusted_stack().
90The certificate to be verified is set to I<target>,
91and a list of additional certificates may be provided in I<untrusted>,
92which will be untrusted but may be used to build the chain.
93Each of the I<trust_store>, I<target> and I<untrusted> parameters can be NULL.
94Yet note that L<X509_verify_cert(3)> and L<X509_STORE_CTX_verify(3)>
95will need a verification target.
96This can also be set using X509_STORE_CTX_set_cert().
97For L<X509_STORE_CTX_verify(3)>, which takes by default the first element of the
98list of untrusted certificates as its verification target,
99this can be also set indirectly using X509_STORE_CTX_set0_untrusted().
100
101X509_STORE_CTX_set0_trusted_stack() sets the set of trusted certificates of
102I<ctx> to I<sk>. This is an alternative way of specifying trusted certificates
103instead of using an B<X509_STORE> where its complexity is not needed
104or to make sure that only the given set I<sk> of certificates are trusted.
105
106X509_STORE_CTX_set_cert() sets the target certificate to be verified in I<ctx>
107to I<target>.
108
109X509_STORE_CTX_set0_verified_chain() sets the validated chain to I<chain>.
110Ownership of the chain is transferred to I<ctx>,
111and so it should not be free'd by the caller.
112
113X509_STORE_CTX_get0_chain() returns the internal pointer used by the
114I<ctx> that contains the constructed (output) chain.
115
116X509_STORE_CTX_set0_crls() sets a set of CRLs to use to aid certificate
117verification to I<sk>. These CRLs will only be used if CRL verification is
118enabled in the associated B<X509_VERIFY_PARAM> structure. This might be
119used where additional "useful" CRLs are supplied as part of a protocol,
120for example in a PKCS#7 structure.
121
122X509_STORE_CTX_get0_param() retrieves an internal pointer
123to the verification parameters associated with I<ctx>.
124
125X509_STORE_CTX_set0_param() sets the internal verification parameter pointer
126to I<param>. After this call B<param> should not be used.
127
128X509_STORE_CTX_get0_untrusted() retrieves an internal pointer to the
129stack of untrusted certificates associated with I<ctx>.
130
131X509_STORE_CTX_set0_untrusted() sets the internal pointer to the stack
132of untrusted certificates associated with I<ctx> to I<sk>.
133X509_STORE_CTX_verify() will take the first element, if any,
134as its default target if the target certificate is not set explicitly.
135
136X509_STORE_CTX_get_num_untrusted() returns the number of untrusted certificates
137that were used in building the chain.
138This is can be used after calling L<X509_verify_cert(3)> and similar functions.
139With L<X509_STORE_CTX_verify(3)>, this does not count the first chain element.
140
141X509_STORE_CTX_get0_chain() returns the internal pointer used by the
142I<ctx> that contains the validated chain.
143
144Details of the chain building and checking process are described in
145L<openssl-verification-options(1)/Certification Path Building> and
146L<openssl-verification-options(1)/Certification Path Validation>.
147
148X509_STORE_CTX_set0_verified_chain() sets the validated chain used
149by I<ctx> to be I<chain>.
150Ownership of the chain is transferred to I<ctx>,
151and so it should not be free'd by the caller.
152
153X509_STORE_CTX_set_default() looks up and sets the default verification method.
154This uses the function X509_VERIFY_PARAM_lookup() to find
155the set of parameters associated with the given verification method I<name>.
156Among others, the parameters determine the trust model and verification purpose.
157More detail, including the list of currently predefined methods,
158is described for the B<-verify_name> command-line option
159in L<openssl-verification-options(1)/Verification Options>.
160
161X509_STORE_CTX_set_verify() provides the capability for overriding the default
162verify function. This function is responsible for verifying chain signatures and
163expiration times.
164
165A verify function is defined as an X509_STORE_CTX_verify type which has the
166following signature:
167
168 int (*verify)(X509_STORE_CTX *);
169
170This function should receive the current X509_STORE_CTX as a parameter and
171return 1 on success or 0 on failure.
172
173X509 certificates may contain information about what purposes keys contained
174within them can be used for. For example "TLS WWW Server Authentication" or
175"Email Protection". This "key usage" information is held internally to the
176certificate itself. In addition the trust store containing trusted certificates
177can declare what purposes we trust different certificates for. This "trust"
178information is not held within the certificate itself but is "meta" information
179held alongside it. This "meta" information is associated with the certificate
180after it is issued and could be determined by a system administrator. For
181example a certificate might declare that it is suitable for use for both
182"TLS WWW Server Authentication" and "TLS Client Authentication", but a system
183administrator might only trust it for the former. An X.509 certificate extension
184exists that can record extended key usage information to supplement the purpose
185information described above. This extended mechanism is arbitrarily extensible
186and not well suited for a generic library API; applications that need to
187validate extended key usage information in certificates will need to define a
188custom "purpose" (see below) or supply a nondefault verification callback
189(L<X509_STORE_set_verify_cb_func(3)>).
190
191X509_STORE_CTX_set_purpose() sets the purpose for the target certificate being
192verified in the I<ctx>. Built-in available values for the I<purpose> argument
193are B<X509_PURPOSE_SSL_CLIENT>, B<X509_PURPOSE_SSL_SERVER>,
194B<X509_PURPOSE_NS_SSL_SERVER>, B<X509_PURPOSE_SMIME_SIGN>,
195B<X509_PURPOSE_SMIME_ENCRYPT>, B<X509_PURPOSE_CRL_SIGN>, B<X509_PURPOSE_ANY>,
196B<X509_PURPOSE_OCSP_HELPER> and B<X509_PURPOSE_TIMESTAMP_SIGN>. It is also
197possible to create a custom purpose value. Setting a purpose will ensure that
198the key usage declared within certificates in the chain being verified is
199consistent with that purpose as well as, potentially, other checks. Every
200purpose also has an associated default trust value which will also be set at the
201same time. During verification this trust setting will be verified to check it
202is consistent with the trust set by the system administrator for certificates in
203the chain.
204
205X509_STORE_CTX_set_trust() sets the trust value for the target certificate
206being verified in the I<ctx>. Built-in available values for the I<trust>
207argument are B<X509_TRUST_COMPAT>, B<X509_TRUST_SSL_CLIENT>,
208B<X509_TRUST_SSL_SERVER>, B<X509_TRUST_EMAIL>, B<X509_TRUST_OBJECT_SIGN>,
209B<X509_TRUST_OCSP_SIGN>, B<X509_TRUST_OCSP_REQUEST> and B<X509_TRUST_TSA>. It is
210also possible to create a custom trust value. Since X509_STORE_CTX_set_purpose()
211also sets the trust value it is normally sufficient to only call that function.
212If both are called then X509_STORE_CTX_set_trust() should be called after
213X509_STORE_CTX_set_purpose() since the trust setting of the last call will be
214used.
215
216It should not normally be necessary for end user applications to call
217X509_STORE_CTX_purpose_inherit() directly. Typically applications should call
218X509_STORE_CTX_set_purpose() or X509_STORE_CTX_set_trust() instead. Using this
219function it is possible to set the purpose and trust values for the I<ctx> at
220the same time.
221Both I<ctx> and its internal verification parameter pointer must not be NULL.
222The I<def_purpose> and I<purpose> arguments can have the same
223purpose values as described for X509_STORE_CTX_set_purpose() above. The I<trust>
224argument can have the same trust values as described in
225X509_STORE_CTX_set_trust() above. Any of the I<def_purpose>, I<purpose> or
226I<trust> values may also have the value 0 to indicate that the supplied
227parameter should be ignored. After calling this function the purpose to be used
228for verification is set from the I<purpose> argument unless the purpose was
229already set in I<ctx> before, and the trust is set from the I<trust> argument
230unless the trust was already set in I<ctx> before.
231If I<trust> is 0 then the trust value will be set from
232the default trust value for I<purpose>. If the default trust value for the
233purpose is I<X509_TRUST_DEFAULT> and I<trust> is 0 then the default trust value
234associated with the I<def_purpose> value is used for the trust setting instead.
235
236=head1 NOTES
237
238The certificates and CRLs in a store are used internally and should B<not>
239be freed up until after the associated B<X509_STORE_CTX> is freed.
240
241=head1 BUGS
242
243The certificates and CRLs in a context are used internally and should B<not>
244be freed up until after the associated B<X509_STORE_CTX> is freed. Copies
245should be made or reference counts increased instead.
246
247=head1 RETURN VALUES
248
249X509_STORE_CTX_new() returns a newly allocated context or NULL if an
250error occurred.
251
252X509_STORE_CTX_init() returns 1 for success or 0 if an error occurred.
253
254X509_STORE_CTX_get0_param() returns a pointer to an B<X509_VERIFY_PARAM>
255structure or NULL if an error occurred.
256
257X509_STORE_CTX_cleanup(), X509_STORE_CTX_free(),
258X509_STORE_CTX_set0_trusted_stack(),
259X509_STORE_CTX_set_cert(),
260X509_STORE_CTX_set0_crls() and X509_STORE_CTX_set0_param() do not return
261values.
262
263X509_STORE_CTX_set_default() returns 1 for success or 0 if an error occurred.
264
265X509_STORE_CTX_get_num_untrusted() returns the number of untrusted certificates
266used.
267
268=head1 SEE ALSO
269
270L<X509_verify_cert(3)>, L<X509_STORE_CTX_verify(3)>,
271L<X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_flags(3)>
272
273=head1 HISTORY
274
275The X509_STORE_CTX_set0_crls() function was added in OpenSSL 1.0.0.
276The X509_STORE_CTX_get_num_untrusted() function was added in OpenSSL 1.1.0.
277The X509_STORE_CTX_new_ex() function was added in OpenSSL 3.0.
278
279There is no need to call X509_STORE_CTX_cleanup() explicitly since OpenSSL 3.0.
280
281=head1 COPYRIGHT
282
283Copyright 2009-2023 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
284
285Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License").  You may not use
286this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
287in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
288L<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
289
290=cut
291