xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/sshd.c (revision 732a02b4e77866604a120a275c082bb6221bd2ff)
1 /* $OpenBSD: sshd.c,v 1.516 2018/09/21 12:23:17 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * This program is the ssh daemon.  It listens for connections from clients,
7  * and performs authentication, executes use commands or shell, and forwards
8  * information to/from the application to the user client over an encrypted
9  * connection.  This can also handle forwarding of X11, TCP/IP, and
10  * authentication agent connections.
11  *
12  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
13  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
14  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
15  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
16  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
17  *
18  * SSH2 implementation:
19  * Privilege Separation:
20  *
21  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
22  * Copyright (c) 2002 Niels Provos.  All rights reserved.
23  *
24  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
25  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
26  * are met:
27  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
28  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
29  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
30  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
31  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
32  *
33  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
34  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
35  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
36  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
37  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
38  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
39  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
40  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
41  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
42  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
43  */
44 
45 #include "includes.h"
46 __RCSID("$FreeBSD$");
47 
48 #include <sys/types.h>
49 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
50 #include <sys/mman.h>
51 #include <sys/socket.h>
52 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
53 # include <sys/stat.h>
54 #endif
55 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
56 # include <sys/time.h>
57 #endif
58 #include "openbsd-compat/sys-tree.h"
59 #include "openbsd-compat/sys-queue.h"
60 #include <sys/wait.h>
61 
62 #include <errno.h>
63 #include <fcntl.h>
64 #include <netdb.h>
65 #ifdef HAVE_PATHS_H
66 #include <paths.h>
67 #endif
68 #include <grp.h>
69 #include <pwd.h>
70 #include <signal.h>
71 #include <stdarg.h>
72 #include <stdio.h>
73 #include <stdlib.h>
74 #include <string.h>
75 #include <unistd.h>
76 #include <limits.h>
77 
78 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
79 #include <openssl/dh.h>
80 #include <openssl/bn.h>
81 #include <openssl/rand.h>
82 #include "openbsd-compat/openssl-compat.h"
83 #endif
84 
85 #ifdef HAVE_SECUREWARE
86 #include <sys/security.h>
87 #include <prot.h>
88 #endif
89 
90 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
91 #include <resolv.h>
92 #if defined(GSSAPI) && defined(HAVE_GSSAPI_GSSAPI_H)
93 #include <gssapi/gssapi.h>
94 #elif defined(GSSAPI) && defined(HAVE_GSSAPI_H)
95 #include <gssapi.h>
96 #endif
97 #endif
98 
99 #include "xmalloc.h"
100 #include "ssh.h"
101 #include "ssh2.h"
102 #include "sshpty.h"
103 #include "packet.h"
104 #include "log.h"
105 #include "sshbuf.h"
106 #include "misc.h"
107 #include "match.h"
108 #include "servconf.h"
109 #include "uidswap.h"
110 #include "compat.h"
111 #include "cipher.h"
112 #include "digest.h"
113 #include "sshkey.h"
114 #include "kex.h"
115 #include "myproposal.h"
116 #include "authfile.h"
117 #include "pathnames.h"
118 #include "atomicio.h"
119 #include "canohost.h"
120 #include "hostfile.h"
121 #include "auth.h"
122 #include "authfd.h"
123 #include "msg.h"
124 #include "dispatch.h"
125 #include "channels.h"
126 #include "session.h"
127 #include "monitor.h"
128 #ifdef GSSAPI
129 #include "ssh-gss.h"
130 #endif
131 #include "monitor_wrap.h"
132 #include "ssh-sandbox.h"
133 #include "auth-options.h"
134 #include "version.h"
135 #include "ssherr.h"
136 #include "blacklist_client.h"
137 
138 #ifdef LIBWRAP
139 #include <tcpd.h>
140 #include <syslog.h>
141 int allow_severity;
142 int deny_severity;
143 #endif /* LIBWRAP */
144 
145 /* Re-exec fds */
146 #define REEXEC_DEVCRYPTO_RESERVED_FD	(STDERR_FILENO + 1)
147 #define REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD		(STDERR_FILENO + 2)
148 #define REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD		(STDERR_FILENO + 3)
149 #define REEXEC_MIN_FREE_FD		(STDERR_FILENO + 4)
150 
151 extern char *__progname;
152 
153 /* Server configuration options. */
154 ServerOptions options;
155 
156 /* Name of the server configuration file. */
157 char *config_file_name = _PATH_SERVER_CONFIG_FILE;
158 
159 /*
160  * Debug mode flag.  This can be set on the command line.  If debug
161  * mode is enabled, extra debugging output will be sent to the system
162  * log, the daemon will not go to background, and will exit after processing
163  * the first connection.
164  */
165 int debug_flag = 0;
166 
167 /*
168  * Indicating that the daemon should only test the configuration and keys.
169  * If test_flag > 1 ("-T" flag), then sshd will also dump the effective
170  * configuration, optionally using connection information provided by the
171  * "-C" flag.
172  */
173 int test_flag = 0;
174 
175 /* Flag indicating that the daemon is being started from inetd. */
176 int inetd_flag = 0;
177 
178 /* Flag indicating that sshd should not detach and become a daemon. */
179 int no_daemon_flag = 0;
180 
181 /* debug goes to stderr unless inetd_flag is set */
182 int log_stderr = 0;
183 
184 /* Saved arguments to main(). */
185 char **saved_argv;
186 int saved_argc;
187 
188 /* re-exec */
189 int rexeced_flag = 0;
190 int rexec_flag = 1;
191 int rexec_argc = 0;
192 char **rexec_argv;
193 
194 /*
195  * The sockets that the server is listening; this is used in the SIGHUP
196  * signal handler.
197  */
198 #define	MAX_LISTEN_SOCKS	16
199 int listen_socks[MAX_LISTEN_SOCKS];
200 int num_listen_socks = 0;
201 
202 /*
203  * the client's version string, passed by sshd2 in compat mode. if != NULL,
204  * sshd will skip the version-number exchange
205  */
206 char *client_version_string = NULL;
207 char *server_version_string = NULL;
208 
209 /* Daemon's agent connection */
210 int auth_sock = -1;
211 int have_agent = 0;
212 
213 /*
214  * Any really sensitive data in the application is contained in this
215  * structure. The idea is that this structure could be locked into memory so
216  * that the pages do not get written into swap.  However, there are some
217  * problems. The private key contains BIGNUMs, and we do not (in principle)
218  * have access to the internals of them, and locking just the structure is
219  * not very useful.  Currently, memory locking is not implemented.
220  */
221 struct {
222 	struct sshkey	**host_keys;		/* all private host keys */
223 	struct sshkey	**host_pubkeys;		/* all public host keys */
224 	struct sshkey	**host_certificates;	/* all public host certificates */
225 	int		have_ssh2_key;
226 } sensitive_data;
227 
228 /* This is set to true when a signal is received. */
229 static volatile sig_atomic_t received_sighup = 0;
230 static volatile sig_atomic_t received_sigterm = 0;
231 
232 /* session identifier, used by RSA-auth */
233 u_char session_id[16];
234 
235 /* same for ssh2 */
236 u_char *session_id2 = NULL;
237 u_int session_id2_len = 0;
238 
239 /* record remote hostname or ip */
240 u_int utmp_len = HOST_NAME_MAX+1;
241 
242 /* options.max_startup sized array of fd ints */
243 int *startup_pipes = NULL;
244 int startup_pipe;		/* in child */
245 
246 /* variables used for privilege separation */
247 int use_privsep = -1;
248 struct monitor *pmonitor = NULL;
249 int privsep_is_preauth = 1;
250 static int privsep_chroot = 1;
251 
252 /* global authentication context */
253 Authctxt *the_authctxt = NULL;
254 
255 /* global key/cert auth options. XXX move to permanent ssh->authctxt? */
256 struct sshauthopt *auth_opts = NULL;
257 
258 /* sshd_config buffer */
259 struct sshbuf *cfg;
260 
261 /* message to be displayed after login */
262 struct sshbuf *loginmsg;
263 
264 /* Unprivileged user */
265 struct passwd *privsep_pw = NULL;
266 
267 /* Prototypes for various functions defined later in this file. */
268 void destroy_sensitive_data(void);
269 void demote_sensitive_data(void);
270 static void do_ssh2_kex(void);
271 
272 /*
273  * Close all listening sockets
274  */
275 static void
276 close_listen_socks(void)
277 {
278 	int i;
279 
280 	for (i = 0; i < num_listen_socks; i++)
281 		close(listen_socks[i]);
282 	num_listen_socks = -1;
283 }
284 
285 static void
286 close_startup_pipes(void)
287 {
288 	int i;
289 
290 	if (startup_pipes)
291 		for (i = 0; i < options.max_startups; i++)
292 			if (startup_pipes[i] != -1)
293 				close(startup_pipes[i]);
294 }
295 
296 /*
297  * Signal handler for SIGHUP.  Sshd execs itself when it receives SIGHUP;
298  * the effect is to reread the configuration file (and to regenerate
299  * the server key).
300  */
301 
302 /*ARGSUSED*/
303 static void
304 sighup_handler(int sig)
305 {
306 	int save_errno = errno;
307 
308 	received_sighup = 1;
309 	errno = save_errno;
310 }
311 
312 /*
313  * Called from the main program after receiving SIGHUP.
314  * Restarts the server.
315  */
316 static void
317 sighup_restart(void)
318 {
319 	logit("Received SIGHUP; restarting.");
320 	if (options.pid_file != NULL)
321 		unlink(options.pid_file);
322 	platform_pre_restart();
323 	close_listen_socks();
324 	close_startup_pipes();
325 	alarm(0);  /* alarm timer persists across exec */
326 	signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN); /* will be restored after exec */
327 	execv(saved_argv[0], saved_argv);
328 	logit("RESTART FAILED: av[0]='%.100s', error: %.100s.", saved_argv[0],
329 	    strerror(errno));
330 	exit(1);
331 }
332 
333 /*
334  * Generic signal handler for terminating signals in the master daemon.
335  */
336 /*ARGSUSED*/
337 static void
338 sigterm_handler(int sig)
339 {
340 	received_sigterm = sig;
341 }
342 
343 /*
344  * SIGCHLD handler.  This is called whenever a child dies.  This will then
345  * reap any zombies left by exited children.
346  */
347 /*ARGSUSED*/
348 static void
349 main_sigchld_handler(int sig)
350 {
351 	int save_errno = errno;
352 	pid_t pid;
353 	int status;
354 
355 	while ((pid = waitpid(-1, &status, WNOHANG)) > 0 ||
356 	    (pid < 0 && errno == EINTR))
357 		;
358 	errno = save_errno;
359 }
360 
361 /*
362  * Signal handler for the alarm after the login grace period has expired.
363  */
364 /*ARGSUSED*/
365 static void
366 grace_alarm_handler(int sig)
367 {
368 	if (use_privsep && pmonitor != NULL && pmonitor->m_pid > 0)
369 		kill(pmonitor->m_pid, SIGALRM);
370 
371 	/*
372 	 * Try to kill any processes that we have spawned, E.g. authorized
373 	 * keys command helpers.
374 	 */
375 	if (getpgid(0) == getpid()) {
376 		signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
377 		kill(0, SIGTERM);
378 	}
379 
380 	BLACKLIST_NOTIFY(BLACKLIST_AUTH_FAIL, "ssh");
381 
382 	/* Log error and exit. */
383 	sigdie("Timeout before authentication for %s port %d",
384 	    ssh_remote_ipaddr(active_state), ssh_remote_port(active_state));
385 }
386 
387 static void
388 sshd_exchange_identification(struct ssh *ssh, int sock_in, int sock_out)
389 {
390 	u_int i;
391 	int remote_major, remote_minor;
392 	char *s;
393 	char buf[256];			/* Must not be larger than remote_version. */
394 	char remote_version[256];	/* Must be at least as big as buf. */
395 
396 	xasprintf(&server_version_string, "SSH-%d.%d-%.100s%s%s\r\n",
397 	    PROTOCOL_MAJOR_2, PROTOCOL_MINOR_2, SSH_VERSION,
398 	    *options.version_addendum == '\0' ? "" : " ",
399 	    options.version_addendum);
400 
401 	/* Send our protocol version identification. */
402 	if (atomicio(vwrite, sock_out, server_version_string,
403 	    strlen(server_version_string))
404 	    != strlen(server_version_string)) {
405 		logit("Could not write ident string to %s port %d",
406 		    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh));
407 		cleanup_exit(255);
408 	}
409 
410 	/* Read other sides version identification. */
411 	memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
412 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(buf) - 1; i++) {
413 		if (atomicio(read, sock_in, &buf[i], 1) != 1) {
414 			logit("Did not receive identification string "
415 			    "from %s port %d",
416 			    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh));
417 			cleanup_exit(255);
418 		}
419 		if (buf[i] == '\r') {
420 			buf[i] = 0;
421 			/* Kludge for F-Secure Macintosh < 1.0.2 */
422 			if (i == 12 &&
423 			    strncmp(buf, "SSH-1.5-W1.0", 12) == 0)
424 				break;
425 			continue;
426 		}
427 		if (buf[i] == '\n') {
428 			buf[i] = 0;
429 			break;
430 		}
431 	}
432 	buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] = 0;
433 	client_version_string = xstrdup(buf);
434 
435 	/*
436 	 * Check that the versions match.  In future this might accept
437 	 * several versions and set appropriate flags to handle them.
438 	 */
439 	if (sscanf(client_version_string, "SSH-%d.%d-%[^\n]\n",
440 	    &remote_major, &remote_minor, remote_version) != 3) {
441 		s = "Protocol mismatch.\n";
442 		(void) atomicio(vwrite, sock_out, s, strlen(s));
443 		logit("Bad protocol version identification '%.100s' "
444 		    "from %s port %d", client_version_string,
445 		    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh));
446 		close(sock_in);
447 		close(sock_out);
448 		cleanup_exit(255);
449 	}
450 	debug("Client protocol version %d.%d; client software version %.100s",
451 	    remote_major, remote_minor, remote_version);
452 
453 	ssh->compat = compat_datafellows(remote_version);
454 
455 	if ((ssh->compat & SSH_BUG_PROBE) != 0) {
456 		logit("probed from %s port %d with %s.  Don't panic.",
457 		    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh),
458 		    client_version_string);
459 		cleanup_exit(255);
460 	}
461 	if ((ssh->compat & SSH_BUG_SCANNER) != 0) {
462 		logit("scanned from %s port %d with %s.  Don't panic.",
463 		    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh),
464 		    client_version_string);
465 		cleanup_exit(255);
466 	}
467 	if ((ssh->compat & SSH_BUG_RSASIGMD5) != 0) {
468 		logit("Client version \"%.100s\" uses unsafe RSA signature "
469 		    "scheme; disabling use of RSA keys", remote_version);
470 	}
471 
472 	chop(server_version_string);
473 	debug("Local version string %.200s", server_version_string);
474 
475 	if (remote_major != 2 &&
476 	    !(remote_major == 1 && remote_minor == 99)) {
477 		s = "Protocol major versions differ.\n";
478 		(void) atomicio(vwrite, sock_out, s, strlen(s));
479 		close(sock_in);
480 		close(sock_out);
481 		logit("Protocol major versions differ for %s port %d: "
482 		    "%.200s vs. %.200s",
483 		    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh),
484 		    server_version_string, client_version_string);
485 		cleanup_exit(255);
486 	}
487 }
488 
489 /* Destroy the host and server keys.  They will no longer be needed. */
490 void
491 destroy_sensitive_data(void)
492 {
493 	u_int i;
494 
495 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
496 		if (sensitive_data.host_keys[i]) {
497 			sshkey_free(sensitive_data.host_keys[i]);
498 			sensitive_data.host_keys[i] = NULL;
499 		}
500 		if (sensitive_data.host_certificates[i]) {
501 			sshkey_free(sensitive_data.host_certificates[i]);
502 			sensitive_data.host_certificates[i] = NULL;
503 		}
504 	}
505 }
506 
507 /* Demote private to public keys for network child */
508 void
509 demote_sensitive_data(void)
510 {
511 	struct sshkey *tmp;
512 	u_int i;
513 	int r;
514 
515 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
516 		if (sensitive_data.host_keys[i]) {
517 			if ((r = sshkey_from_private(
518 			    sensitive_data.host_keys[i], &tmp)) != 0)
519 				fatal("could not demote host %s key: %s",
520 				    sshkey_type(sensitive_data.host_keys[i]),
521 				    ssh_err(r));
522 			sshkey_free(sensitive_data.host_keys[i]);
523 			sensitive_data.host_keys[i] = tmp;
524 		}
525 		/* Certs do not need demotion */
526 	}
527 }
528 
529 static void
530 reseed_prngs(void)
531 {
532 	u_int32_t rnd[256];
533 
534 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
535 	RAND_poll();
536 #endif
537 	arc4random_stir(); /* noop on recent arc4random() implementations */
538 	arc4random_buf(rnd, sizeof(rnd)); /* let arc4random notice PID change */
539 
540 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
541 	RAND_seed(rnd, sizeof(rnd));
542 	/* give libcrypto a chance to notice the PID change */
543 	if ((RAND_bytes((u_char *)rnd, 1)) != 1)
544 		fatal("%s: RAND_bytes failed", __func__);
545 #endif
546 
547 	explicit_bzero(rnd, sizeof(rnd));
548 }
549 
550 static void
551 privsep_preauth_child(void)
552 {
553 	gid_t gidset[1];
554 
555 	/* Enable challenge-response authentication for privilege separation */
556 	privsep_challenge_enable();
557 
558 #ifdef GSSAPI
559 	/* Cache supported mechanism OIDs for later use */
560 	ssh_gssapi_prepare_supported_oids();
561 #endif
562 
563 	reseed_prngs();
564 
565 	/* Demote the private keys to public keys. */
566 	demote_sensitive_data();
567 
568 	/* Demote the child */
569 	if (privsep_chroot) {
570 		/* Change our root directory */
571 		if (chroot(_PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR) == -1)
572 			fatal("chroot(\"%s\"): %s", _PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR,
573 			    strerror(errno));
574 		if (chdir("/") == -1)
575 			fatal("chdir(\"/\"): %s", strerror(errno));
576 
577 		/* Drop our privileges */
578 		debug3("privsep user:group %u:%u", (u_int)privsep_pw->pw_uid,
579 		    (u_int)privsep_pw->pw_gid);
580 		gidset[0] = privsep_pw->pw_gid;
581 		if (setgroups(1, gidset) < 0)
582 			fatal("setgroups: %.100s", strerror(errno));
583 		permanently_set_uid(privsep_pw);
584 	}
585 }
586 
587 static int
588 privsep_preauth(Authctxt *authctxt)
589 {
590 	int status, r;
591 	pid_t pid;
592 	struct ssh_sandbox *box = NULL;
593 
594 	/* Set up unprivileged child process to deal with network data */
595 	pmonitor = monitor_init();
596 	/* Store a pointer to the kex for later rekeying */
597 	pmonitor->m_pkex = &active_state->kex;
598 
599 	if (use_privsep == PRIVSEP_ON)
600 		box = ssh_sandbox_init(pmonitor);
601 	pid = fork();
602 	if (pid == -1) {
603 		fatal("fork of unprivileged child failed");
604 	} else if (pid != 0) {
605 		debug2("Network child is on pid %ld", (long)pid);
606 
607 		pmonitor->m_pid = pid;
608 		if (have_agent) {
609 			r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&auth_sock);
610 			if (r != 0) {
611 				error("Could not get agent socket: %s",
612 				    ssh_err(r));
613 				have_agent = 0;
614 			}
615 		}
616 		if (box != NULL)
617 			ssh_sandbox_parent_preauth(box, pid);
618 		monitor_child_preauth(authctxt, pmonitor);
619 
620 		/* Wait for the child's exit status */
621 		while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0) {
622 			if (errno == EINTR)
623 				continue;
624 			pmonitor->m_pid = -1;
625 			fatal("%s: waitpid: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
626 		}
627 		privsep_is_preauth = 0;
628 		pmonitor->m_pid = -1;
629 		if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
630 			if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0)
631 				fatal("%s: preauth child exited with status %d",
632 				    __func__, WEXITSTATUS(status));
633 		} else if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
634 			fatal("%s: preauth child terminated by signal %d",
635 			    __func__, WTERMSIG(status));
636 		if (box != NULL)
637 			ssh_sandbox_parent_finish(box);
638 		return 1;
639 	} else {
640 		/* child */
641 		close(pmonitor->m_sendfd);
642 		close(pmonitor->m_log_recvfd);
643 
644 		/* Arrange for logging to be sent to the monitor */
645 		set_log_handler(mm_log_handler, pmonitor);
646 
647 		privsep_preauth_child();
648 		setproctitle("%s", "[net]");
649 		if (box != NULL)
650 			ssh_sandbox_child(box);
651 
652 		return 0;
653 	}
654 }
655 
656 static void
657 privsep_postauth(Authctxt *authctxt)
658 {
659 #ifdef DISABLE_FD_PASSING
660 	if (1) {
661 #else
662 	if (authctxt->pw->pw_uid == 0) {
663 #endif
664 		/* File descriptor passing is broken or root login */
665 		use_privsep = 0;
666 		goto skip;
667 	}
668 
669 	/* New socket pair */
670 	monitor_reinit(pmonitor);
671 
672 	pmonitor->m_pid = fork();
673 	if (pmonitor->m_pid == -1)
674 		fatal("fork of unprivileged child failed");
675 	else if (pmonitor->m_pid != 0) {
676 		verbose("User child is on pid %ld", (long)pmonitor->m_pid);
677 		sshbuf_reset(loginmsg);
678 		monitor_clear_keystate(pmonitor);
679 		monitor_child_postauth(pmonitor);
680 
681 		/* NEVERREACHED */
682 		exit(0);
683 	}
684 
685 	/* child */
686 
687 	close(pmonitor->m_sendfd);
688 	pmonitor->m_sendfd = -1;
689 
690 	/* Demote the private keys to public keys. */
691 	demote_sensitive_data();
692 
693 	reseed_prngs();
694 
695 	/* Drop privileges */
696 	do_setusercontext(authctxt->pw);
697 
698  skip:
699 	/* It is safe now to apply the key state */
700 	monitor_apply_keystate(pmonitor);
701 
702 	/*
703 	 * Tell the packet layer that authentication was successful, since
704 	 * this information is not part of the key state.
705 	 */
706 	packet_set_authenticated();
707 }
708 
709 static void
710 append_hostkey_type(struct sshbuf *b, const char *s)
711 {
712 	int r;
713 
714 	if (match_pattern_list(s, options.hostkeyalgorithms, 0) != 1) {
715 		debug3("%s: %s key not permitted by HostkeyAlgorithms",
716 		    __func__, s);
717 		return;
718 	}
719 	if ((r = sshbuf_putf(b, "%s%s", sshbuf_len(b) > 0 ? "," : "", s)) != 0)
720 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_putf: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
721 }
722 
723 static char *
724 list_hostkey_types(void)
725 {
726 	struct sshbuf *b;
727 	struct sshkey *key;
728 	char *ret;
729 	u_int i;
730 
731 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
732 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
733 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
734 		key = sensitive_data.host_keys[i];
735 		if (key == NULL)
736 			key = sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i];
737 		if (key == NULL)
738 			continue;
739 		switch (key->type) {
740 		case KEY_RSA:
741 			/* for RSA we also support SHA2 signatures */
742 			append_hostkey_type(b, "rsa-sha2-512");
743 			append_hostkey_type(b, "rsa-sha2-256");
744 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
745 		case KEY_DSA:
746 		case KEY_ECDSA:
747 		case KEY_ED25519:
748 		case KEY_XMSS:
749 			append_hostkey_type(b, sshkey_ssh_name(key));
750 			break;
751 		}
752 		/* If the private key has a cert peer, then list that too */
753 		key = sensitive_data.host_certificates[i];
754 		if (key == NULL)
755 			continue;
756 		switch (key->type) {
757 		case KEY_RSA_CERT:
758 			/* for RSA we also support SHA2 signatures */
759 			append_hostkey_type(b,
760 			    "rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com");
761 			append_hostkey_type(b,
762 			    "rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com");
763 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
764 		case KEY_DSA_CERT:
765 		case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
766 		case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
767 		case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
768 			append_hostkey_type(b, sshkey_ssh_name(key));
769 			break;
770 		}
771 	}
772 	if ((ret = sshbuf_dup_string(b)) == NULL)
773 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_dup_string failed", __func__);
774 	sshbuf_free(b);
775 	debug("%s: %s", __func__, ret);
776 	return ret;
777 }
778 
779 static struct sshkey *
780 get_hostkey_by_type(int type, int nid, int need_private, struct ssh *ssh)
781 {
782 	u_int i;
783 	struct sshkey *key;
784 
785 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
786 		switch (type) {
787 		case KEY_RSA_CERT:
788 		case KEY_DSA_CERT:
789 		case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
790 		case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
791 		case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
792 			key = sensitive_data.host_certificates[i];
793 			break;
794 		default:
795 			key = sensitive_data.host_keys[i];
796 			if (key == NULL && !need_private)
797 				key = sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i];
798 			break;
799 		}
800 		if (key != NULL && key->type == type &&
801 		    (key->type != KEY_ECDSA || key->ecdsa_nid == nid))
802 			return need_private ?
803 			    sensitive_data.host_keys[i] : key;
804 	}
805 	return NULL;
806 }
807 
808 struct sshkey *
809 get_hostkey_public_by_type(int type, int nid, struct ssh *ssh)
810 {
811 	return get_hostkey_by_type(type, nid, 0, ssh);
812 }
813 
814 struct sshkey *
815 get_hostkey_private_by_type(int type, int nid, struct ssh *ssh)
816 {
817 	return get_hostkey_by_type(type, nid, 1, ssh);
818 }
819 
820 struct sshkey *
821 get_hostkey_by_index(int ind)
822 {
823 	if (ind < 0 || (u_int)ind >= options.num_host_key_files)
824 		return (NULL);
825 	return (sensitive_data.host_keys[ind]);
826 }
827 
828 struct sshkey *
829 get_hostkey_public_by_index(int ind, struct ssh *ssh)
830 {
831 	if (ind < 0 || (u_int)ind >= options.num_host_key_files)
832 		return (NULL);
833 	return (sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[ind]);
834 }
835 
836 int
837 get_hostkey_index(struct sshkey *key, int compare, struct ssh *ssh)
838 {
839 	u_int i;
840 
841 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
842 		if (sshkey_is_cert(key)) {
843 			if (key == sensitive_data.host_certificates[i] ||
844 			    (compare && sensitive_data.host_certificates[i] &&
845 			    sshkey_equal(key,
846 			    sensitive_data.host_certificates[i])))
847 				return (i);
848 		} else {
849 			if (key == sensitive_data.host_keys[i] ||
850 			    (compare && sensitive_data.host_keys[i] &&
851 			    sshkey_equal(key, sensitive_data.host_keys[i])))
852 				return (i);
853 			if (key == sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i] ||
854 			    (compare && sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i] &&
855 			    sshkey_equal(key, sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i])))
856 				return (i);
857 		}
858 	}
859 	return (-1);
860 }
861 
862 /* Inform the client of all hostkeys */
863 static void
864 notify_hostkeys(struct ssh *ssh)
865 {
866 	struct sshbuf *buf;
867 	struct sshkey *key;
868 	u_int i, nkeys;
869 	int r;
870 	char *fp;
871 
872 	/* Some clients cannot cope with the hostkeys message, skip those. */
873 	if (datafellows & SSH_BUG_HOSTKEYS)
874 		return;
875 
876 	if ((buf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
877 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new", __func__);
878 	for (i = nkeys = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
879 		key = get_hostkey_public_by_index(i, ssh);
880 		if (key == NULL || key->type == KEY_UNSPEC ||
881 		    sshkey_is_cert(key))
882 			continue;
883 		fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, options.fingerprint_hash,
884 		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
885 		debug3("%s: key %d: %s %s", __func__, i,
886 		    sshkey_ssh_name(key), fp);
887 		free(fp);
888 		if (nkeys == 0) {
889 			packet_start(SSH2_MSG_GLOBAL_REQUEST);
890 			packet_put_cstring("hostkeys-00@openssh.com");
891 			packet_put_char(0); /* want-reply */
892 		}
893 		sshbuf_reset(buf);
894 		if ((r = sshkey_putb(key, buf)) != 0)
895 			fatal("%s: couldn't put hostkey %d: %s",
896 			    __func__, i, ssh_err(r));
897 		packet_put_string(sshbuf_ptr(buf), sshbuf_len(buf));
898 		nkeys++;
899 	}
900 	debug3("%s: sent %u hostkeys", __func__, nkeys);
901 	if (nkeys == 0)
902 		fatal("%s: no hostkeys", __func__);
903 	packet_send();
904 	sshbuf_free(buf);
905 }
906 
907 /*
908  * returns 1 if connection should be dropped, 0 otherwise.
909  * dropping starts at connection #max_startups_begin with a probability
910  * of (max_startups_rate/100). the probability increases linearly until
911  * all connections are dropped for startups > max_startups
912  */
913 static int
914 drop_connection(int startups)
915 {
916 	int p, r;
917 
918 	if (startups < options.max_startups_begin)
919 		return 0;
920 	if (startups >= options.max_startups)
921 		return 1;
922 	if (options.max_startups_rate == 100)
923 		return 1;
924 
925 	p  = 100 - options.max_startups_rate;
926 	p *= startups - options.max_startups_begin;
927 	p /= options.max_startups - options.max_startups_begin;
928 	p += options.max_startups_rate;
929 	r = arc4random_uniform(100);
930 
931 	debug("drop_connection: p %d, r %d", p, r);
932 	return (r < p) ? 1 : 0;
933 }
934 
935 static void
936 usage(void)
937 {
938 	if (options.version_addendum && *options.version_addendum != '\0')
939 		fprintf(stderr, "%s %s, %s\n",
940 		    SSH_RELEASE,
941 		    options.version_addendum, OPENSSL_VERSION_STRING);
942 	else
943 		fprintf(stderr, "%s, %s\n",
944 		    SSH_RELEASE, OPENSSL_VERSION_STRING);
945 	fprintf(stderr,
946 "usage: sshd [-46DdeiqTt] [-C connection_spec] [-c host_cert_file]\n"
947 "            [-E log_file] [-f config_file] [-g login_grace_time]\n"
948 "            [-h host_key_file] [-o option] [-p port] [-u len]\n"
949 	);
950 	exit(1);
951 }
952 
953 static void
954 send_rexec_state(int fd, struct sshbuf *conf)
955 {
956 	struct sshbuf *m;
957 	int r;
958 
959 	debug3("%s: entering fd = %d config len %zu", __func__, fd,
960 	    sshbuf_len(conf));
961 
962 	/*
963 	 * Protocol from reexec master to child:
964 	 *	string	configuration
965 	 *	string rngseed		(only if OpenSSL is not self-seeded)
966 	 */
967 	if ((m = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
968 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
969 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(m, conf)) != 0)
970 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
971 
972 #if defined(WITH_OPENSSL) && !defined(OPENSSL_PRNG_ONLY)
973 	rexec_send_rng_seed(m);
974 #endif
975 
976 	if (ssh_msg_send(fd, 0, m) == -1)
977 		fatal("%s: ssh_msg_send failed", __func__);
978 
979 	sshbuf_free(m);
980 
981 	debug3("%s: done", __func__);
982 }
983 
984 static void
985 recv_rexec_state(int fd, struct sshbuf *conf)
986 {
987 	struct sshbuf *m;
988 	u_char *cp, ver;
989 	size_t len;
990 	int r;
991 
992 	debug3("%s: entering fd = %d", __func__, fd);
993 
994 	if ((m = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
995 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
996 	if (ssh_msg_recv(fd, m) == -1)
997 		fatal("%s: ssh_msg_recv failed", __func__);
998 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(m, &ver)) != 0)
999 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1000 	if (ver != 0)
1001 		fatal("%s: rexec version mismatch", __func__);
1002 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(m, &cp, &len)) != 0)
1003 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1004 	if (conf != NULL && (r = sshbuf_put(conf, cp, len)))
1005 		fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1006 #if defined(WITH_OPENSSL) && !defined(OPENSSL_PRNG_ONLY)
1007 	rexec_recv_rng_seed(m);
1008 #endif
1009 
1010 	free(cp);
1011 	sshbuf_free(m);
1012 
1013 	debug3("%s: done", __func__);
1014 }
1015 
1016 /* Accept a connection from inetd */
1017 static void
1018 server_accept_inetd(int *sock_in, int *sock_out)
1019 {
1020 	int fd;
1021 
1022 	startup_pipe = -1;
1023 	if (rexeced_flag) {
1024 		close(REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD);
1025 		*sock_in = *sock_out = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
1026 		if (!debug_flag) {
1027 			startup_pipe = dup(REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD);
1028 			close(REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD);
1029 		}
1030 	} else {
1031 		*sock_in = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
1032 		*sock_out = dup(STDOUT_FILENO);
1033 	}
1034 	/*
1035 	 * We intentionally do not close the descriptors 0, 1, and 2
1036 	 * as our code for setting the descriptors won't work if
1037 	 * ttyfd happens to be one of those.
1038 	 */
1039 	if ((fd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR, 0)) != -1) {
1040 		dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
1041 		dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
1042 		if (!log_stderr)
1043 			dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
1044 		if (fd > (log_stderr ? STDERR_FILENO : STDOUT_FILENO))
1045 			close(fd);
1046 	}
1047 	debug("inetd sockets after dupping: %d, %d", *sock_in, *sock_out);
1048 }
1049 
1050 /*
1051  * Listen for TCP connections
1052  */
1053 static void
1054 listen_on_addrs(struct listenaddr *la)
1055 {
1056 	int ret, listen_sock;
1057 	struct addrinfo *ai;
1058 	char ntop[NI_MAXHOST], strport[NI_MAXSERV];
1059 	int socksize;
1060 	socklen_t len;
1061 
1062 	for (ai = la->addrs; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
1063 		if (ai->ai_family != AF_INET && ai->ai_family != AF_INET6)
1064 			continue;
1065 		if (num_listen_socks >= MAX_LISTEN_SOCKS)
1066 			fatal("Too many listen sockets. "
1067 			    "Enlarge MAX_LISTEN_SOCKS");
1068 		if ((ret = getnameinfo(ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen,
1069 		    ntop, sizeof(ntop), strport, sizeof(strport),
1070 		    NI_NUMERICHOST|NI_NUMERICSERV)) != 0) {
1071 			error("getnameinfo failed: %.100s",
1072 			    ssh_gai_strerror(ret));
1073 			continue;
1074 		}
1075 		/* Create socket for listening. */
1076 		listen_sock = socket(ai->ai_family, ai->ai_socktype,
1077 		    ai->ai_protocol);
1078 		if (listen_sock < 0) {
1079 			/* kernel may not support ipv6 */
1080 			verbose("socket: %.100s", strerror(errno));
1081 			continue;
1082 		}
1083 		if (set_nonblock(listen_sock) == -1) {
1084 			close(listen_sock);
1085 			continue;
1086 		}
1087 		if (fcntl(listen_sock, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) == -1) {
1088 			verbose("socket: CLOEXEC: %s", strerror(errno));
1089 			close(listen_sock);
1090 			continue;
1091 		}
1092 		/* Socket options */
1093 		set_reuseaddr(listen_sock);
1094 		if (la->rdomain != NULL &&
1095 		    set_rdomain(listen_sock, la->rdomain) == -1) {
1096 			close(listen_sock);
1097 			continue;
1098 		}
1099 
1100 		/* Only communicate in IPv6 over AF_INET6 sockets. */
1101 		if (ai->ai_family == AF_INET6)
1102 			sock_set_v6only(listen_sock);
1103 
1104 		debug("Bind to port %s on %s.", strport, ntop);
1105 
1106 		len = sizeof(socksize);
1107 		getsockopt(listen_sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &socksize, &len);
1108 		debug("Server TCP RWIN socket size: %d", socksize);
1109 
1110 		/* Bind the socket to the desired port. */
1111 		if (bind(listen_sock, ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen) < 0) {
1112 			error("Bind to port %s on %s failed: %.200s.",
1113 			    strport, ntop, strerror(errno));
1114 			close(listen_sock);
1115 			continue;
1116 		}
1117 		listen_socks[num_listen_socks] = listen_sock;
1118 		num_listen_socks++;
1119 
1120 		/* Start listening on the port. */
1121 		if (listen(listen_sock, SSH_LISTEN_BACKLOG) < 0)
1122 			fatal("listen on [%s]:%s: %.100s",
1123 			    ntop, strport, strerror(errno));
1124 		logit("Server listening on %s port %s%s%s.",
1125 		    ntop, strport,
1126 		    la->rdomain == NULL ? "" : " rdomain ",
1127 		    la->rdomain == NULL ? "" : la->rdomain);
1128 	}
1129 }
1130 
1131 static void
1132 server_listen(void)
1133 {
1134 	u_int i;
1135 
1136 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_listen_addrs; i++) {
1137 		listen_on_addrs(&options.listen_addrs[i]);
1138 		freeaddrinfo(options.listen_addrs[i].addrs);
1139 		free(options.listen_addrs[i].rdomain);
1140 		memset(&options.listen_addrs[i], 0,
1141 		    sizeof(options.listen_addrs[i]));
1142 	}
1143 	free(options.listen_addrs);
1144 	options.listen_addrs = NULL;
1145 	options.num_listen_addrs = 0;
1146 
1147 	if (!num_listen_socks)
1148 		fatal("Cannot bind any address.");
1149 }
1150 
1151 /*
1152  * The main TCP accept loop. Note that, for the non-debug case, returns
1153  * from this function are in a forked subprocess.
1154  */
1155 static void
1156 server_accept_loop(int *sock_in, int *sock_out, int *newsock, int *config_s)
1157 {
1158 	fd_set *fdset;
1159 	int i, j, ret, maxfd;
1160 	int startups = 0;
1161 	int startup_p[2] = { -1 , -1 };
1162 	struct sockaddr_storage from;
1163 	socklen_t fromlen;
1164 	pid_t pid;
1165 	u_char rnd[256];
1166 
1167 	/* setup fd set for accept */
1168 	fdset = NULL;
1169 	maxfd = 0;
1170 	for (i = 0; i < num_listen_socks; i++)
1171 		if (listen_socks[i] > maxfd)
1172 			maxfd = listen_socks[i];
1173 	/* pipes connected to unauthenticated childs */
1174 	startup_pipes = xcalloc(options.max_startups, sizeof(int));
1175 	for (i = 0; i < options.max_startups; i++)
1176 		startup_pipes[i] = -1;
1177 
1178 	/*
1179 	 * Stay listening for connections until the system crashes or
1180 	 * the daemon is killed with a signal.
1181 	 */
1182 	for (;;) {
1183 		if (received_sighup)
1184 			sighup_restart();
1185 		free(fdset);
1186 		fdset = xcalloc(howmany(maxfd + 1, NFDBITS),
1187 		    sizeof(fd_mask));
1188 
1189 		for (i = 0; i < num_listen_socks; i++)
1190 			FD_SET(listen_socks[i], fdset);
1191 		for (i = 0; i < options.max_startups; i++)
1192 			if (startup_pipes[i] != -1)
1193 				FD_SET(startup_pipes[i], fdset);
1194 
1195 		/* Wait in select until there is a connection. */
1196 		ret = select(maxfd+1, fdset, NULL, NULL, NULL);
1197 		if (ret < 0 && errno != EINTR)
1198 			error("select: %.100s", strerror(errno));
1199 		if (received_sigterm) {
1200 			logit("Received signal %d; terminating.",
1201 			    (int) received_sigterm);
1202 			close_listen_socks();
1203 			if (options.pid_file != NULL)
1204 				unlink(options.pid_file);
1205 			exit(received_sigterm == SIGTERM ? 0 : 255);
1206 		}
1207 		if (ret < 0)
1208 			continue;
1209 
1210 		for (i = 0; i < options.max_startups; i++)
1211 			if (startup_pipes[i] != -1 &&
1212 			    FD_ISSET(startup_pipes[i], fdset)) {
1213 				/*
1214 				 * the read end of the pipe is ready
1215 				 * if the child has closed the pipe
1216 				 * after successful authentication
1217 				 * or if the child has died
1218 				 */
1219 				close(startup_pipes[i]);
1220 				startup_pipes[i] = -1;
1221 				startups--;
1222 			}
1223 		for (i = 0; i < num_listen_socks; i++) {
1224 			if (!FD_ISSET(listen_socks[i], fdset))
1225 				continue;
1226 			fromlen = sizeof(from);
1227 			*newsock = accept(listen_socks[i],
1228 			    (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen);
1229 			if (*newsock < 0) {
1230 				if (errno != EINTR && errno != EWOULDBLOCK &&
1231 				    errno != ECONNABORTED && errno != EAGAIN)
1232 					error("accept: %.100s",
1233 					    strerror(errno));
1234 				if (errno == EMFILE || errno == ENFILE)
1235 					usleep(100 * 1000);
1236 				continue;
1237 			}
1238 			if (unset_nonblock(*newsock) == -1) {
1239 				close(*newsock);
1240 				continue;
1241 			}
1242 			if (drop_connection(startups) == 1) {
1243 				char *laddr = get_local_ipaddr(*newsock);
1244 				char *raddr = get_peer_ipaddr(*newsock);
1245 
1246 				verbose("drop connection #%d from [%s]:%d "
1247 				    "on [%s]:%d past MaxStartups", startups,
1248 				    raddr, get_peer_port(*newsock),
1249 				    laddr, get_local_port(*newsock));
1250 				free(laddr);
1251 				free(raddr);
1252 				close(*newsock);
1253 				continue;
1254 			}
1255 			if (pipe(startup_p) == -1) {
1256 				close(*newsock);
1257 				continue;
1258 			}
1259 
1260 			if (rexec_flag && socketpair(AF_UNIX,
1261 			    SOCK_STREAM, 0, config_s) == -1) {
1262 				error("reexec socketpair: %s",
1263 				    strerror(errno));
1264 				close(*newsock);
1265 				close(startup_p[0]);
1266 				close(startup_p[1]);
1267 				continue;
1268 			}
1269 
1270 			for (j = 0; j < options.max_startups; j++)
1271 				if (startup_pipes[j] == -1) {
1272 					startup_pipes[j] = startup_p[0];
1273 					if (maxfd < startup_p[0])
1274 						maxfd = startup_p[0];
1275 					startups++;
1276 					break;
1277 				}
1278 
1279 			/*
1280 			 * Got connection.  Fork a child to handle it, unless
1281 			 * we are in debugging mode.
1282 			 */
1283 			if (debug_flag) {
1284 				/*
1285 				 * In debugging mode.  Close the listening
1286 				 * socket, and start processing the
1287 				 * connection without forking.
1288 				 */
1289 				debug("Server will not fork when running in debugging mode.");
1290 				close_listen_socks();
1291 				*sock_in = *newsock;
1292 				*sock_out = *newsock;
1293 				close(startup_p[0]);
1294 				close(startup_p[1]);
1295 				startup_pipe = -1;
1296 				pid = getpid();
1297 				if (rexec_flag) {
1298 					send_rexec_state(config_s[0], cfg);
1299 					close(config_s[0]);
1300 				}
1301 				break;
1302 			}
1303 
1304 			/*
1305 			 * Normal production daemon.  Fork, and have
1306 			 * the child process the connection. The
1307 			 * parent continues listening.
1308 			 */
1309 			platform_pre_fork();
1310 			if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
1311 				/*
1312 				 * Child.  Close the listening and
1313 				 * max_startup sockets.  Start using
1314 				 * the accepted socket. Reinitialize
1315 				 * logging (since our pid has changed).
1316 				 * We break out of the loop to handle
1317 				 * the connection.
1318 				 */
1319 				platform_post_fork_child();
1320 				startup_pipe = startup_p[1];
1321 				close_startup_pipes();
1322 				close_listen_socks();
1323 				*sock_in = *newsock;
1324 				*sock_out = *newsock;
1325 				log_init(__progname,
1326 				    options.log_level,
1327 				    options.log_facility,
1328 				    log_stderr);
1329 				if (rexec_flag)
1330 					close(config_s[0]);
1331 				break;
1332 			}
1333 
1334 			/* Parent.  Stay in the loop. */
1335 			platform_post_fork_parent(pid);
1336 			if (pid < 0)
1337 				error("fork: %.100s", strerror(errno));
1338 			else
1339 				debug("Forked child %ld.", (long)pid);
1340 
1341 			close(startup_p[1]);
1342 
1343 			if (rexec_flag) {
1344 				send_rexec_state(config_s[0], cfg);
1345 				close(config_s[0]);
1346 				close(config_s[1]);
1347 			}
1348 			close(*newsock);
1349 
1350 			/*
1351 			 * Ensure that our random state differs
1352 			 * from that of the child
1353 			 */
1354 			arc4random_stir();
1355 			arc4random_buf(rnd, sizeof(rnd));
1356 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1357 			RAND_seed(rnd, sizeof(rnd));
1358 			if ((RAND_bytes((u_char *)rnd, 1)) != 1)
1359 				fatal("%s: RAND_bytes failed", __func__);
1360 #endif
1361 			explicit_bzero(rnd, sizeof(rnd));
1362 		}
1363 
1364 		/* child process check (or debug mode) */
1365 		if (num_listen_socks < 0)
1366 			break;
1367 	}
1368 }
1369 
1370 /*
1371  * If IP options are supported, make sure there are none (log and
1372  * return an error if any are found).  Basically we are worried about
1373  * source routing; it can be used to pretend you are somebody
1374  * (ip-address) you are not. That itself may be "almost acceptable"
1375  * under certain circumstances, but rhosts authentication is useless
1376  * if source routing is accepted. Notice also that if we just dropped
1377  * source routing here, the other side could use IP spoofing to do
1378  * rest of the interaction and could still bypass security.  So we
1379  * exit here if we detect any IP options.
1380  */
1381 static void
1382 check_ip_options(struct ssh *ssh)
1383 {
1384 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
1385 	int sock_in = ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh);
1386 	struct sockaddr_storage from;
1387 	u_char opts[200];
1388 	socklen_t i, option_size = sizeof(opts), fromlen = sizeof(from);
1389 	char text[sizeof(opts) * 3 + 1];
1390 
1391 	memset(&from, 0, sizeof(from));
1392 	if (getpeername(sock_in, (struct sockaddr *)&from,
1393 	    &fromlen) < 0)
1394 		return;
1395 	if (from.ss_family != AF_INET)
1396 		return;
1397 	/* XXX IPv6 options? */
1398 
1399 	if (getsockopt(sock_in, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, opts,
1400 	    &option_size) >= 0 && option_size != 0) {
1401 		text[0] = '\0';
1402 		for (i = 0; i < option_size; i++)
1403 			snprintf(text + i*3, sizeof(text) - i*3,
1404 			    " %2.2x", opts[i]);
1405 		fatal("Connection from %.100s port %d with IP opts: %.800s",
1406 		    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh), text);
1407 	}
1408 	return;
1409 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
1410 }
1411 
1412 /* Set the routing domain for this process */
1413 static void
1414 set_process_rdomain(struct ssh *ssh, const char *name)
1415 {
1416 #if defined(HAVE_SYS_SET_PROCESS_RDOMAIN)
1417 	if (name == NULL)
1418 		return; /* default */
1419 
1420 	if (strcmp(name, "%D") == 0) {
1421 		/* "expands" to routing domain of connection */
1422 		if ((name = ssh_packet_rdomain_in(ssh)) == NULL)
1423 			return;
1424 	}
1425 	/* NB. We don't pass 'ssh' to sys_set_process_rdomain() */
1426 	return sys_set_process_rdomain(name);
1427 #elif defined(__OpenBSD__)
1428 	int rtable, ortable = getrtable();
1429 	const char *errstr;
1430 
1431 	if (name == NULL)
1432 		return; /* default */
1433 
1434 	if (strcmp(name, "%D") == 0) {
1435 		/* "expands" to routing domain of connection */
1436 		if ((name = ssh_packet_rdomain_in(ssh)) == NULL)
1437 			return;
1438 	}
1439 
1440 	rtable = (int)strtonum(name, 0, 255, &errstr);
1441 	if (errstr != NULL) /* Shouldn't happen */
1442 		fatal("Invalid routing domain \"%s\": %s", name, errstr);
1443 	if (rtable != ortable && setrtable(rtable) != 0)
1444 		fatal("Unable to set routing domain %d: %s",
1445 		    rtable, strerror(errno));
1446 	debug("%s: set routing domain %d (was %d)", __func__, rtable, ortable);
1447 #else /* defined(__OpenBSD__) */
1448 	fatal("Unable to set routing domain: not supported in this platform");
1449 #endif
1450 }
1451 
1452 static void
1453 accumulate_host_timing_secret(struct sshbuf *server_cfg,
1454     const struct sshkey *key)
1455 {
1456 	static struct ssh_digest_ctx *ctx;
1457 	u_char *hash;
1458 	size_t len;
1459 	struct sshbuf *buf;
1460 	int r;
1461 
1462 	if (ctx == NULL && (ctx = ssh_digest_start(SSH_DIGEST_SHA512)) == NULL)
1463 		fatal("%s: ssh_digest_start", __func__);
1464 	if (key == NULL) { /* finalize */
1465 		/* add server config in case we are using agent for host keys */
1466 		if (ssh_digest_update(ctx, sshbuf_ptr(server_cfg),
1467 		    sshbuf_len(server_cfg)) != 0)
1468 			fatal("%s: ssh_digest_update", __func__);
1469 		len = ssh_digest_bytes(SSH_DIGEST_SHA512);
1470 		hash = xmalloc(len);
1471 		if (ssh_digest_final(ctx, hash, len) != 0)
1472 			fatal("%s: ssh_digest_final", __func__);
1473 		options.timing_secret = PEEK_U64(hash);
1474 		freezero(hash, len);
1475 		ssh_digest_free(ctx);
1476 		ctx = NULL;
1477 		return;
1478 	}
1479 	if ((buf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1480 		fatal("%s could not allocate buffer", __func__);
1481 	if ((r = sshkey_private_serialize(key, buf)) != 0)
1482 		fatal("sshkey_private_serialize: %s", ssh_err(r));
1483 	if (ssh_digest_update(ctx, sshbuf_ptr(buf), sshbuf_len(buf)) != 0)
1484 		fatal("%s: ssh_digest_update", __func__);
1485 	sshbuf_reset(buf);
1486 	sshbuf_free(buf);
1487 }
1488 
1489 /*
1490  * Main program for the daemon.
1491  */
1492 int
1493 main(int ac, char **av)
1494 {
1495 	struct ssh *ssh = NULL;
1496 	extern char *optarg;
1497 	extern int optind;
1498 	int r, opt, on = 1, already_daemon, remote_port;
1499 	int sock_in = -1, sock_out = -1, newsock = -1;
1500 	const char *remote_ip, *rdomain;
1501 	char *fp, *line, *laddr, *logfile = NULL;
1502 	int config_s[2] = { -1 , -1 };
1503 	u_int i, j;
1504 	u_int64_t ibytes, obytes;
1505 	mode_t new_umask;
1506 	struct sshkey *key;
1507 	struct sshkey *pubkey;
1508 	int keytype;
1509 	Authctxt *authctxt;
1510 	struct connection_info *connection_info = NULL;
1511 
1512 	ssh_malloc_init();	/* must be called before any mallocs */
1513 
1514 #ifdef HAVE_SECUREWARE
1515 	(void)set_auth_parameters(ac, av);
1516 #endif
1517 	__progname = ssh_get_progname(av[0]);
1518 
1519 	/* Save argv. Duplicate so setproctitle emulation doesn't clobber it */
1520 	saved_argc = ac;
1521 	rexec_argc = ac;
1522 	saved_argv = xcalloc(ac + 1, sizeof(*saved_argv));
1523 	for (i = 0; (int)i < ac; i++)
1524 		saved_argv[i] = xstrdup(av[i]);
1525 	saved_argv[i] = NULL;
1526 
1527 #ifndef HAVE_SETPROCTITLE
1528 	/* Prepare for later setproctitle emulation */
1529 	compat_init_setproctitle(ac, av);
1530 	av = saved_argv;
1531 #endif
1532 
1533 	if (geteuid() == 0 && setgroups(0, NULL) == -1)
1534 		debug("setgroups(): %.200s", strerror(errno));
1535 
1536 	/* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */
1537 	sanitise_stdfd();
1538 
1539 	/* Initialize configuration options to their default values. */
1540 	initialize_server_options(&options);
1541 
1542 	/* Parse command-line arguments. */
1543 	while ((opt = getopt(ac, av,
1544 	    "C:E:b:c:f:g:h:k:o:p:u:46DQRTdeiqrt")) != -1) {
1545 		switch (opt) {
1546 		case '4':
1547 			options.address_family = AF_INET;
1548 			break;
1549 		case '6':
1550 			options.address_family = AF_INET6;
1551 			break;
1552 		case 'f':
1553 			config_file_name = optarg;
1554 			break;
1555 		case 'c':
1556 			servconf_add_hostcert("[command-line]", 0,
1557 			    &options, optarg);
1558 			break;
1559 		case 'd':
1560 			if (debug_flag == 0) {
1561 				debug_flag = 1;
1562 				options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
1563 			} else if (options.log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3)
1564 				options.log_level++;
1565 			break;
1566 		case 'D':
1567 			no_daemon_flag = 1;
1568 			break;
1569 		case 'E':
1570 			logfile = optarg;
1571 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
1572 		case 'e':
1573 			log_stderr = 1;
1574 			break;
1575 		case 'i':
1576 			inetd_flag = 1;
1577 			break;
1578 		case 'r':
1579 			rexec_flag = 0;
1580 			break;
1581 		case 'R':
1582 			rexeced_flag = 1;
1583 			inetd_flag = 1;
1584 			break;
1585 		case 'Q':
1586 			/* ignored */
1587 			break;
1588 		case 'q':
1589 			options.log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_QUIET;
1590 			break;
1591 		case 'b':
1592 			/* protocol 1, ignored */
1593 			break;
1594 		case 'p':
1595 			options.ports_from_cmdline = 1;
1596 			if (options.num_ports >= MAX_PORTS) {
1597 				fprintf(stderr, "too many ports.\n");
1598 				exit(1);
1599 			}
1600 			options.ports[options.num_ports++] = a2port(optarg);
1601 			if (options.ports[options.num_ports-1] <= 0) {
1602 				fprintf(stderr, "Bad port number.\n");
1603 				exit(1);
1604 			}
1605 			break;
1606 		case 'g':
1607 			if ((options.login_grace_time = convtime(optarg)) == -1) {
1608 				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid login grace time.\n");
1609 				exit(1);
1610 			}
1611 			break;
1612 		case 'k':
1613 			/* protocol 1, ignored */
1614 			break;
1615 		case 'h':
1616 			servconf_add_hostkey("[command-line]", 0,
1617 			    &options, optarg);
1618 			break;
1619 		case 't':
1620 			test_flag = 1;
1621 			break;
1622 		case 'T':
1623 			test_flag = 2;
1624 			break;
1625 		case 'C':
1626 			connection_info = get_connection_info(0, 0);
1627 			if (parse_server_match_testspec(connection_info,
1628 			    optarg) == -1)
1629 				exit(1);
1630 			break;
1631 		case 'u':
1632 			utmp_len = (u_int)strtonum(optarg, 0, HOST_NAME_MAX+1+1, NULL);
1633 			if (utmp_len > HOST_NAME_MAX+1) {
1634 				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid utmp length.\n");
1635 				exit(1);
1636 			}
1637 			break;
1638 		case 'o':
1639 			line = xstrdup(optarg);
1640 			if (process_server_config_line(&options, line,
1641 			    "command-line", 0, NULL, NULL) != 0)
1642 				exit(1);
1643 			free(line);
1644 			break;
1645 		case '?':
1646 		default:
1647 			usage();
1648 			break;
1649 		}
1650 	}
1651 	if (rexeced_flag || inetd_flag)
1652 		rexec_flag = 0;
1653 	if (!test_flag && (rexec_flag && (av[0] == NULL || *av[0] != '/')))
1654 		fatal("sshd re-exec requires execution with an absolute path");
1655 	if (rexeced_flag)
1656 		closefrom(REEXEC_MIN_FREE_FD);
1657 	else
1658 		closefrom(REEXEC_DEVCRYPTO_RESERVED_FD);
1659 
1660 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1661 	OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
1662 #endif
1663 
1664 	/* If requested, redirect the logs to the specified logfile. */
1665 	if (logfile != NULL)
1666 		log_redirect_stderr_to(logfile);
1667 	/*
1668 	 * Force logging to stderr until we have loaded the private host
1669 	 * key (unless started from inetd)
1670 	 */
1671 	log_init(__progname,
1672 	    options.log_level == SYSLOG_LEVEL_NOT_SET ?
1673 	    SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO : options.log_level,
1674 	    options.log_facility == SYSLOG_FACILITY_NOT_SET ?
1675 	    SYSLOG_FACILITY_AUTH : options.log_facility,
1676 	    log_stderr || !inetd_flag);
1677 
1678 	/*
1679 	 * Unset KRB5CCNAME, otherwise the user's session may inherit it from
1680 	 * root's environment
1681 	 */
1682 	if (getenv("KRB5CCNAME") != NULL)
1683 		(void) unsetenv("KRB5CCNAME");
1684 
1685 	sensitive_data.have_ssh2_key = 0;
1686 
1687 	/*
1688 	 * If we're not doing an extended test do not silently ignore connection
1689 	 * test params.
1690 	 */
1691 	if (test_flag < 2 && connection_info != NULL)
1692 		fatal("Config test connection parameter (-C) provided without "
1693 		   "test mode (-T)");
1694 
1695 	/* Fetch our configuration */
1696 	if ((cfg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1697 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
1698 	if (rexeced_flag)
1699 		recv_rexec_state(REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD, cfg);
1700 	else if (strcasecmp(config_file_name, "none") != 0)
1701 		load_server_config(config_file_name, cfg);
1702 
1703 	parse_server_config(&options, rexeced_flag ? "rexec" : config_file_name,
1704 	    cfg, NULL);
1705 
1706 	seed_rng();
1707 
1708 	/* Fill in default values for those options not explicitly set. */
1709 	fill_default_server_options(&options);
1710 
1711 	/* challenge-response is implemented via keyboard interactive */
1712 	if (options.challenge_response_authentication)
1713 		options.kbd_interactive_authentication = 1;
1714 
1715 	/* Check that options are sensible */
1716 	if (options.authorized_keys_command_user == NULL &&
1717 	    (options.authorized_keys_command != NULL &&
1718 	    strcasecmp(options.authorized_keys_command, "none") != 0))
1719 		fatal("AuthorizedKeysCommand set without "
1720 		    "AuthorizedKeysCommandUser");
1721 	if (options.authorized_principals_command_user == NULL &&
1722 	    (options.authorized_principals_command != NULL &&
1723 	    strcasecmp(options.authorized_principals_command, "none") != 0))
1724 		fatal("AuthorizedPrincipalsCommand set without "
1725 		    "AuthorizedPrincipalsCommandUser");
1726 
1727 	/*
1728 	 * Check whether there is any path through configured auth methods.
1729 	 * Unfortunately it is not possible to verify this generally before
1730 	 * daemonisation in the presence of Match block, but this catches
1731 	 * and warns for trivial misconfigurations that could break login.
1732 	 */
1733 	if (options.num_auth_methods != 0) {
1734 		for (i = 0; i < options.num_auth_methods; i++) {
1735 			if (auth2_methods_valid(options.auth_methods[i],
1736 			    1) == 0)
1737 				break;
1738 		}
1739 		if (i >= options.num_auth_methods)
1740 			fatal("AuthenticationMethods cannot be satisfied by "
1741 			    "enabled authentication methods");
1742 	}
1743 
1744 	/* Check that there are no remaining arguments. */
1745 	if (optind < ac) {
1746 		fprintf(stderr, "Extra argument %s.\n", av[optind]);
1747 		exit(1);
1748 	}
1749 
1750 	debug("sshd version %s, %s", SSH_VERSION,
1751 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1752 	    SSLeay_version(SSLEAY_VERSION)
1753 #else
1754 	    "without OpenSSL"
1755 #endif
1756 	);
1757 
1758 	/* Store privilege separation user for later use if required. */
1759 	privsep_chroot = use_privsep && (getuid() == 0 || geteuid() == 0);
1760 	if ((privsep_pw = getpwnam(SSH_PRIVSEP_USER)) == NULL) {
1761 		if (privsep_chroot || options.kerberos_authentication)
1762 			fatal("Privilege separation user %s does not exist",
1763 			    SSH_PRIVSEP_USER);
1764 	} else {
1765 		privsep_pw = pwcopy(privsep_pw);
1766 		freezero(privsep_pw->pw_passwd, strlen(privsep_pw->pw_passwd));
1767 		privsep_pw->pw_passwd = xstrdup("*");
1768 	}
1769 	endpwent();
1770 
1771 	/* load host keys */
1772 	sensitive_data.host_keys = xcalloc(options.num_host_key_files,
1773 	    sizeof(struct sshkey *));
1774 	sensitive_data.host_pubkeys = xcalloc(options.num_host_key_files,
1775 	    sizeof(struct sshkey *));
1776 
1777 	if (options.host_key_agent) {
1778 		if (strcmp(options.host_key_agent, SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME))
1779 			setenv(SSH_AUTHSOCKET_ENV_NAME,
1780 			    options.host_key_agent, 1);
1781 		if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(NULL)) == 0)
1782 			have_agent = 1;
1783 		else
1784 			error("Could not connect to agent \"%s\": %s",
1785 			    options.host_key_agent, ssh_err(r));
1786 	}
1787 
1788 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++) {
1789 		if (options.host_key_files[i] == NULL)
1790 			continue;
1791 		if ((r = sshkey_load_private(options.host_key_files[i], "",
1792 		    &key, NULL)) != 0 && r != SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR)
1793 			error("Error loading host key \"%s\": %s",
1794 			    options.host_key_files[i], ssh_err(r));
1795 		if ((r = sshkey_load_public(options.host_key_files[i],
1796 		    &pubkey, NULL)) != 0 && r != SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR)
1797 			error("Error loading host key \"%s\": %s",
1798 			    options.host_key_files[i], ssh_err(r));
1799 		if (pubkey == NULL && key != NULL)
1800 			if ((r = sshkey_from_private(key, &pubkey)) != 0)
1801 				fatal("Could not demote key: \"%s\": %s",
1802 				    options.host_key_files[i], ssh_err(r));
1803 		sensitive_data.host_keys[i] = key;
1804 		sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i] = pubkey;
1805 
1806 		if (key == NULL && pubkey != NULL && have_agent) {
1807 			debug("will rely on agent for hostkey %s",
1808 			    options.host_key_files[i]);
1809 			keytype = pubkey->type;
1810 		} else if (key != NULL) {
1811 			keytype = key->type;
1812 			accumulate_host_timing_secret(cfg, key);
1813 		} else {
1814 			error("Could not load host key: %s",
1815 			    options.host_key_files[i]);
1816 			sensitive_data.host_keys[i] = NULL;
1817 			sensitive_data.host_pubkeys[i] = NULL;
1818 			continue;
1819 		}
1820 
1821 		switch (keytype) {
1822 		case KEY_RSA:
1823 		case KEY_DSA:
1824 		case KEY_ECDSA:
1825 		case KEY_ED25519:
1826 		case KEY_XMSS:
1827 			if (have_agent || key != NULL)
1828 				sensitive_data.have_ssh2_key = 1;
1829 			break;
1830 		}
1831 		if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(pubkey, options.fingerprint_hash,
1832 		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
1833 			fatal("sshkey_fingerprint failed");
1834 		debug("%s host key #%d: %s %s",
1835 		    key ? "private" : "agent", i, sshkey_ssh_name(pubkey), fp);
1836 		free(fp);
1837 	}
1838 	accumulate_host_timing_secret(cfg, NULL);
1839 	if (!sensitive_data.have_ssh2_key) {
1840 		logit("sshd: no hostkeys available -- exiting.");
1841 		exit(1);
1842 	}
1843 
1844 	/*
1845 	 * Load certificates. They are stored in an array at identical
1846 	 * indices to the public keys that they relate to.
1847 	 */
1848 	sensitive_data.host_certificates = xcalloc(options.num_host_key_files,
1849 	    sizeof(struct sshkey *));
1850 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_key_files; i++)
1851 		sensitive_data.host_certificates[i] = NULL;
1852 
1853 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_host_cert_files; i++) {
1854 		if (options.host_cert_files[i] == NULL)
1855 			continue;
1856 		if ((r = sshkey_load_public(options.host_cert_files[i],
1857 		    &key, NULL)) != 0) {
1858 			error("Could not load host certificate \"%s\": %s",
1859 			    options.host_cert_files[i], ssh_err(r));
1860 			continue;
1861 		}
1862 		if (!sshkey_is_cert(key)) {
1863 			error("Certificate file is not a certificate: %s",
1864 			    options.host_cert_files[i]);
1865 			sshkey_free(key);
1866 			continue;
1867 		}
1868 		/* Find matching private key */
1869 		for (j = 0; j < options.num_host_key_files; j++) {
1870 			if (sshkey_equal_public(key,
1871 			    sensitive_data.host_keys[j])) {
1872 				sensitive_data.host_certificates[j] = key;
1873 				break;
1874 			}
1875 		}
1876 		if (j >= options.num_host_key_files) {
1877 			error("No matching private key for certificate: %s",
1878 			    options.host_cert_files[i]);
1879 			sshkey_free(key);
1880 			continue;
1881 		}
1882 		sensitive_data.host_certificates[j] = key;
1883 		debug("host certificate: #%u type %d %s", j, key->type,
1884 		    sshkey_type(key));
1885 	}
1886 
1887 	if (privsep_chroot) {
1888 		struct stat st;
1889 
1890 		if ((stat(_PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR, &st) == -1) ||
1891 		    (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) == 0))
1892 			fatal("Missing privilege separation directory: %s",
1893 			    _PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR);
1894 
1895 #ifdef HAVE_CYGWIN
1896 		if (check_ntsec(_PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR) &&
1897 		    (st.st_uid != getuid () ||
1898 		    (st.st_mode & (S_IWGRP|S_IWOTH)) != 0))
1899 #else
1900 		if (st.st_uid != 0 || (st.st_mode & (S_IWGRP|S_IWOTH)) != 0)
1901 #endif
1902 			fatal("%s must be owned by root and not group or "
1903 			    "world-writable.", _PATH_PRIVSEP_CHROOT_DIR);
1904 	}
1905 
1906 	if (test_flag > 1) {
1907 		/*
1908 		 * If no connection info was provided by -C then use
1909 		 * use a blank one that will cause no predicate to match.
1910 		 */
1911 		if (connection_info == NULL)
1912 			connection_info = get_connection_info(0, 0);
1913 		parse_server_match_config(&options, connection_info);
1914 		dump_config(&options);
1915 	}
1916 
1917 	/* Configuration looks good, so exit if in test mode. */
1918 	if (test_flag)
1919 		exit(0);
1920 
1921 	/*
1922 	 * Clear out any supplemental groups we may have inherited.  This
1923 	 * prevents inadvertent creation of files with bad modes (in the
1924 	 * portable version at least, it's certainly possible for PAM
1925 	 * to create a file, and we can't control the code in every
1926 	 * module which might be used).
1927 	 */
1928 	if (setgroups(0, NULL) < 0)
1929 		debug("setgroups() failed: %.200s", strerror(errno));
1930 
1931 	if (rexec_flag) {
1932 		if (rexec_argc < 0)
1933 			fatal("rexec_argc %d < 0", rexec_argc);
1934 		rexec_argv = xcalloc(rexec_argc + 2, sizeof(char *));
1935 		for (i = 0; i < (u_int)rexec_argc; i++) {
1936 			debug("rexec_argv[%d]='%s'", i, saved_argv[i]);
1937 			rexec_argv[i] = saved_argv[i];
1938 		}
1939 		rexec_argv[rexec_argc] = "-R";
1940 		rexec_argv[rexec_argc + 1] = NULL;
1941 	}
1942 
1943 	/* Ensure that umask disallows at least group and world write */
1944 	new_umask = umask(0077) | 0022;
1945 	(void) umask(new_umask);
1946 
1947 	/* Initialize the log (it is reinitialized below in case we forked). */
1948 	if (debug_flag && (!inetd_flag || rexeced_flag))
1949 		log_stderr = 1;
1950 	log_init(__progname, options.log_level, options.log_facility, log_stderr);
1951 
1952 	/*
1953 	 * If not in debugging mode, not started from inetd and not already
1954 	 * daemonized (eg re-exec via SIGHUP), disconnect from the controlling
1955 	 * terminal, and fork.  The original process exits.
1956 	 */
1957 	already_daemon = daemonized();
1958 	if (!(debug_flag || inetd_flag || no_daemon_flag || already_daemon)) {
1959 
1960 		if (daemon(0, 0) < 0)
1961 			fatal("daemon() failed: %.200s", strerror(errno));
1962 
1963 		disconnect_controlling_tty();
1964 	}
1965 	/* Reinitialize the log (because of the fork above). */
1966 	log_init(__progname, options.log_level, options.log_facility, log_stderr);
1967 
1968 	/* Avoid killing the process in high-pressure swapping environments. */
1969 	if (!inetd_flag && madvise(NULL, 0, MADV_PROTECT) != 0)
1970 		debug("madvise(): %.200s", strerror(errno));
1971 
1972 	/* Chdir to the root directory so that the current disk can be
1973 	   unmounted if desired. */
1974 	if (chdir("/") == -1)
1975 		error("chdir(\"/\"): %s", strerror(errno));
1976 
1977 	/* ignore SIGPIPE */
1978 	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
1979 
1980 	/* Get a connection, either from inetd or a listening TCP socket */
1981 	if (inetd_flag) {
1982 		server_accept_inetd(&sock_in, &sock_out);
1983 	} else {
1984 		platform_pre_listen();
1985 		server_listen();
1986 
1987 		signal(SIGHUP, sighup_handler);
1988 		signal(SIGCHLD, main_sigchld_handler);
1989 		signal(SIGTERM, sigterm_handler);
1990 		signal(SIGQUIT, sigterm_handler);
1991 
1992 		/*
1993 		 * Write out the pid file after the sigterm handler
1994 		 * is setup and the listen sockets are bound
1995 		 */
1996 		if (options.pid_file != NULL && !debug_flag) {
1997 			FILE *f = fopen(options.pid_file, "w");
1998 
1999 			if (f == NULL) {
2000 				error("Couldn't create pid file \"%s\": %s",
2001 				    options.pid_file, strerror(errno));
2002 			} else {
2003 				fprintf(f, "%ld\n", (long) getpid());
2004 				fclose(f);
2005 			}
2006 		}
2007 
2008 		/* Accept a connection and return in a forked child */
2009 		server_accept_loop(&sock_in, &sock_out,
2010 		    &newsock, config_s);
2011 	}
2012 
2013 	/* This is the child processing a new connection. */
2014 	setproctitle("%s", "[accepted]");
2015 
2016 	/*
2017 	 * Create a new session and process group since the 4.4BSD
2018 	 * setlogin() affects the entire process group.  We don't
2019 	 * want the child to be able to affect the parent.
2020 	 */
2021 #if !defined(SSHD_ACQUIRES_CTTY)
2022 	/*
2023 	 * If setsid is called, on some platforms sshd will later acquire a
2024 	 * controlling terminal which will result in "could not set
2025 	 * controlling tty" errors.
2026 	 */
2027 	if (!debug_flag && !inetd_flag && setsid() < 0)
2028 		error("setsid: %.100s", strerror(errno));
2029 #endif
2030 
2031 	if (rexec_flag) {
2032 		int fd;
2033 
2034 		debug("rexec start in %d out %d newsock %d pipe %d sock %d",
2035 		    sock_in, sock_out, newsock, startup_pipe, config_s[0]);
2036 		dup2(newsock, STDIN_FILENO);
2037 		dup2(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO);
2038 		if (startup_pipe == -1)
2039 			close(REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD);
2040 		else if (startup_pipe != REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD) {
2041 			dup2(startup_pipe, REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD);
2042 			close(startup_pipe);
2043 			startup_pipe = REEXEC_STARTUP_PIPE_FD;
2044 		}
2045 
2046 		dup2(config_s[1], REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD);
2047 		close(config_s[1]);
2048 
2049 		execv(rexec_argv[0], rexec_argv);
2050 
2051 		/* Reexec has failed, fall back and continue */
2052 		error("rexec of %s failed: %s", rexec_argv[0], strerror(errno));
2053 		recv_rexec_state(REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD, NULL);
2054 		log_init(__progname, options.log_level,
2055 		    options.log_facility, log_stderr);
2056 
2057 		/* Clean up fds */
2058 		close(REEXEC_CONFIG_PASS_FD);
2059 		newsock = sock_out = sock_in = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
2060 		if ((fd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR, 0)) != -1) {
2061 			dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
2062 			dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
2063 			if (fd > STDERR_FILENO)
2064 				close(fd);
2065 		}
2066 		debug("rexec cleanup in %d out %d newsock %d pipe %d sock %d",
2067 		    sock_in, sock_out, newsock, startup_pipe, config_s[0]);
2068 	}
2069 
2070 	/* Executed child processes don't need these. */
2071 	fcntl(sock_out, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
2072 	fcntl(sock_in, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
2073 
2074 	/*
2075 	 * Disable the key regeneration alarm.  We will not regenerate the
2076 	 * key since we are no longer in a position to give it to anyone. We
2077 	 * will not restart on SIGHUP since it no longer makes sense.
2078 	 */
2079 	alarm(0);
2080 	signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL);
2081 	signal(SIGHUP, SIG_DFL);
2082 	signal(SIGTERM, SIG_DFL);
2083 	signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL);
2084 	signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
2085 	signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
2086 
2087 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
2088 	/*
2089 	 * Initialize the resolver.  This may not happen automatically
2090 	 * before privsep chroot().
2091 	 */
2092 	if ((_res.options & RES_INIT) == 0) {
2093 		debug("res_init()");
2094 		res_init();
2095 	}
2096 #ifdef GSSAPI
2097 	/*
2098 	 * Force GSS-API to parse its configuration and load any
2099 	 * mechanism plugins.
2100 	 */
2101 	{
2102 		gss_OID_set mechs;
2103 		OM_uint32 minor_status;
2104 		gss_indicate_mechs(&minor_status, &mechs);
2105 		gss_release_oid_set(&minor_status, &mechs);
2106 	}
2107 #endif
2108 #endif
2109 
2110 	/*
2111 	 * Register our connection.  This turns encryption off because we do
2112 	 * not have a key.
2113 	 */
2114 	packet_set_connection(sock_in, sock_out);
2115 	packet_set_server();
2116 	ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
2117 
2118 	check_ip_options(ssh);
2119 
2120 	/* Prepare the channels layer */
2121 	channel_init_channels(ssh);
2122 	channel_set_af(ssh, options.address_family);
2123 	process_permitopen(ssh, &options);
2124 
2125 	/* Set SO_KEEPALIVE if requested. */
2126 	if (options.tcp_keep_alive && packet_connection_is_on_socket() &&
2127 	    setsockopt(sock_in, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0)
2128 		error("setsockopt SO_KEEPALIVE: %.100s", strerror(errno));
2129 
2130 	if ((remote_port = ssh_remote_port(ssh)) < 0) {
2131 		debug("ssh_remote_port failed");
2132 		cleanup_exit(255);
2133 	}
2134 
2135 	if (options.routing_domain != NULL)
2136 		set_process_rdomain(ssh, options.routing_domain);
2137 
2138 	/*
2139 	 * The rest of the code depends on the fact that
2140 	 * ssh_remote_ipaddr() caches the remote ip, even if
2141 	 * the socket goes away.
2142 	 */
2143 	remote_ip = ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh);
2144 
2145 #ifdef HAVE_LOGIN_CAP
2146 	/* Also caches remote hostname for sandboxed child. */
2147 	auth_get_canonical_hostname(ssh, options.use_dns);
2148 #endif
2149 
2150 #ifdef SSH_AUDIT_EVENTS
2151 	audit_connection_from(remote_ip, remote_port);
2152 #endif
2153 #ifdef LIBWRAP
2154 	allow_severity = options.log_facility|LOG_INFO;
2155 	deny_severity = options.log_facility|LOG_WARNING;
2156 	/* Check whether logins are denied from this host. */
2157 	if (packet_connection_is_on_socket()) {
2158 		struct request_info req;
2159 
2160 		request_init(&req, RQ_DAEMON, __progname, RQ_FILE, sock_in, 0);
2161 		fromhost(&req);
2162 
2163 		if (!hosts_access(&req)) {
2164 			debug("Connection refused by tcp wrapper");
2165 			refuse(&req);
2166 			/* NOTREACHED */
2167 			fatal("libwrap refuse returns");
2168 		}
2169 	}
2170 #endif /* LIBWRAP */
2171 
2172 	rdomain = ssh_packet_rdomain_in(ssh);
2173 
2174 	/* Log the connection. */
2175 	laddr = get_local_ipaddr(sock_in);
2176 	verbose("Connection from %s port %d on %s port %d%s%s%s",
2177 	    remote_ip, remote_port, laddr,  ssh_local_port(ssh),
2178 	    rdomain == NULL ? "" : " rdomain \"",
2179 	    rdomain == NULL ? "" : rdomain,
2180 	    rdomain == NULL ? "" : "\"");
2181 	free(laddr);
2182 
2183 	/*
2184 	 * We don't want to listen forever unless the other side
2185 	 * successfully authenticates itself.  So we set up an alarm which is
2186 	 * cleared after successful authentication.  A limit of zero
2187 	 * indicates no limit. Note that we don't set the alarm in debugging
2188 	 * mode; it is just annoying to have the server exit just when you
2189 	 * are about to discover the bug.
2190 	 */
2191 	signal(SIGALRM, grace_alarm_handler);
2192 	if (!debug_flag)
2193 		alarm(options.login_grace_time);
2194 
2195 	sshd_exchange_identification(ssh, sock_in, sock_out);
2196 	packet_set_nonblocking();
2197 
2198 	/* allocate authentication context */
2199 	authctxt = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*authctxt));
2200 
2201 	authctxt->loginmsg = loginmsg;
2202 
2203 	/* XXX global for cleanup, access from other modules */
2204 	the_authctxt = authctxt;
2205 
2206 	/* Set default key authentication options */
2207 	if ((auth_opts = sshauthopt_new_with_keys_defaults()) == NULL)
2208 		fatal("allocation failed");
2209 
2210 	/* prepare buffer to collect messages to display to user after login */
2211 	if ((loginmsg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
2212 		fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
2213 	auth_debug_reset();
2214 
2215 	BLACKLIST_INIT();
2216 
2217 	if (use_privsep) {
2218 		if (privsep_preauth(authctxt) == 1)
2219 			goto authenticated;
2220 	} else if (have_agent) {
2221 		if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&auth_sock)) != 0) {
2222 			error("Unable to get agent socket: %s", ssh_err(r));
2223 			have_agent = 0;
2224 		}
2225 	}
2226 
2227 	/* perform the key exchange */
2228 	/* authenticate user and start session */
2229 	do_ssh2_kex();
2230 	do_authentication2(authctxt);
2231 
2232 	/*
2233 	 * If we use privilege separation, the unprivileged child transfers
2234 	 * the current keystate and exits
2235 	 */
2236 	if (use_privsep) {
2237 		mm_send_keystate(pmonitor);
2238 		packet_clear_keys();
2239 		exit(0);
2240 	}
2241 
2242  authenticated:
2243 	/*
2244 	 * Cancel the alarm we set to limit the time taken for
2245 	 * authentication.
2246 	 */
2247 	alarm(0);
2248 	signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL);
2249 	authctxt->authenticated = 1;
2250 	if (startup_pipe != -1) {
2251 		close(startup_pipe);
2252 		startup_pipe = -1;
2253 	}
2254 
2255 #ifdef SSH_AUDIT_EVENTS
2256 	audit_event(SSH_AUTH_SUCCESS);
2257 #endif
2258 
2259 #ifdef GSSAPI
2260 	if (options.gss_authentication) {
2261 		temporarily_use_uid(authctxt->pw);
2262 		ssh_gssapi_storecreds();
2263 		restore_uid();
2264 	}
2265 #endif
2266 #ifdef USE_PAM
2267 	if (options.use_pam) {
2268 		do_pam_setcred(1);
2269 		do_pam_session(ssh);
2270 	}
2271 #endif
2272 
2273 	/*
2274 	 * In privilege separation, we fork another child and prepare
2275 	 * file descriptor passing.
2276 	 */
2277 	if (use_privsep) {
2278 		privsep_postauth(authctxt);
2279 		/* the monitor process [priv] will not return */
2280 	}
2281 
2282 	packet_set_timeout(options.client_alive_interval,
2283 	    options.client_alive_count_max);
2284 
2285 	/* Try to send all our hostkeys to the client */
2286 	notify_hostkeys(ssh);
2287 
2288 	/* Start session. */
2289 	do_authenticated(ssh, authctxt);
2290 
2291 	/* The connection has been terminated. */
2292 	packet_get_bytes(&ibytes, &obytes);
2293 	verbose("Transferred: sent %llu, received %llu bytes",
2294 	    (unsigned long long)obytes, (unsigned long long)ibytes);
2295 
2296 	verbose("Closing connection to %.500s port %d", remote_ip, remote_port);
2297 
2298 #ifdef USE_PAM
2299 	if (options.use_pam)
2300 		finish_pam();
2301 #endif /* USE_PAM */
2302 
2303 #ifdef SSH_AUDIT_EVENTS
2304 	PRIVSEP(audit_event(SSH_CONNECTION_CLOSE));
2305 #endif
2306 
2307 	packet_close();
2308 
2309 	if (use_privsep)
2310 		mm_terminate();
2311 
2312 	exit(0);
2313 }
2314 
2315 int
2316 sshd_hostkey_sign(struct sshkey *privkey, struct sshkey *pubkey,
2317     u_char **signature, size_t *slenp, const u_char *data, size_t dlen,
2318     const char *alg, u_int flag)
2319 {
2320 	int r;
2321 
2322 	if (privkey) {
2323 		if (PRIVSEP(sshkey_sign(privkey, signature, slenp, data, dlen,
2324 		    alg, datafellows)) < 0)
2325 			fatal("%s: key_sign failed", __func__);
2326 	} else if (use_privsep) {
2327 		if (mm_sshkey_sign(pubkey, signature, slenp, data, dlen,
2328 		    alg, datafellows) < 0)
2329 			fatal("%s: pubkey_sign failed", __func__);
2330 	} else {
2331 		if ((r = ssh_agent_sign(auth_sock, pubkey, signature, slenp,
2332 		    data, dlen, alg, datafellows)) != 0)
2333 			fatal("%s: ssh_agent_sign failed: %s",
2334 			    __func__, ssh_err(r));
2335 	}
2336 	return 0;
2337 }
2338 
2339 /* SSH2 key exchange */
2340 static void
2341 do_ssh2_kex(void)
2342 {
2343 	char *myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAX] = { KEX_SERVER };
2344 	struct kex *kex;
2345 	int r;
2346 
2347 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_KEX_ALGS] = compat_kex_proposal(
2348 	    options.kex_algorithms);
2349 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_ENC_ALGS_CTOS] = compat_cipher_proposal(
2350 	    options.ciphers);
2351 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_ENC_ALGS_STOC] = compat_cipher_proposal(
2352 	    options.ciphers);
2353 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAC_ALGS_CTOS] =
2354 	    myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAC_ALGS_STOC] = options.macs;
2355 
2356 	if (options.compression == COMP_NONE) {
2357 		myproposal[PROPOSAL_COMP_ALGS_CTOS] =
2358 		    myproposal[PROPOSAL_COMP_ALGS_STOC] = "none";
2359 	}
2360 
2361 	if (options.rekey_limit || options.rekey_interval)
2362 		packet_set_rekey_limits(options.rekey_limit,
2363 		    options.rekey_interval);
2364 
2365 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_SERVER_HOST_KEY_ALGS] = compat_pkalg_proposal(
2366 	    list_hostkey_types());
2367 
2368 	/* start key exchange */
2369 	if ((r = kex_setup(active_state, myproposal)) != 0)
2370 		fatal("kex_setup: %s", ssh_err(r));
2371 	kex = active_state->kex;
2372 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2373 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP1_SHA1] = kexdh_server;
2374 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA1] = kexdh_server;
2375 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA256] = kexdh_server;
2376 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP16_SHA512] = kexdh_server;
2377 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP18_SHA512] = kexdh_server;
2378 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA1] = kexgex_server;
2379 	kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA256] = kexgex_server;
2380 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
2381 	kex->kex[KEX_ECDH_SHA2] = kexecdh_server;
2382 # endif
2383 #endif
2384 	kex->kex[KEX_C25519_SHA256] = kexc25519_server;
2385 	kex->server = 1;
2386 	kex->client_version_string=client_version_string;
2387 	kex->server_version_string=server_version_string;
2388 	kex->load_host_public_key=&get_hostkey_public_by_type;
2389 	kex->load_host_private_key=&get_hostkey_private_by_type;
2390 	kex->host_key_index=&get_hostkey_index;
2391 	kex->sign = sshd_hostkey_sign;
2392 
2393 	ssh_dispatch_run_fatal(active_state, DISPATCH_BLOCK, &kex->done);
2394 
2395 	session_id2 = kex->session_id;
2396 	session_id2_len = kex->session_id_len;
2397 
2398 #ifdef DEBUG_KEXDH
2399 	/* send 1st encrypted/maced/compressed message */
2400 	packet_start(SSH2_MSG_IGNORE);
2401 	packet_put_cstring("markus");
2402 	packet_send();
2403 	packet_write_wait();
2404 #endif
2405 	debug("KEX done");
2406 }
2407 
2408 /* server specific fatal cleanup */
2409 void
2410 cleanup_exit(int i)
2411 {
2412 	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
2413 
2414 	if (the_authctxt) {
2415 		do_cleanup(ssh, the_authctxt);
2416 		if (use_privsep && privsep_is_preauth &&
2417 		    pmonitor != NULL && pmonitor->m_pid > 1) {
2418 			debug("Killing privsep child %d", pmonitor->m_pid);
2419 			if (kill(pmonitor->m_pid, SIGKILL) != 0 &&
2420 			    errno != ESRCH)
2421 				error("%s: kill(%d): %s", __func__,
2422 				    pmonitor->m_pid, strerror(errno));
2423 		}
2424 	}
2425 #ifdef SSH_AUDIT_EVENTS
2426 	/* done after do_cleanup so it can cancel the PAM auth 'thread' */
2427 	if (!use_privsep || mm_is_monitor())
2428 		audit_event(SSH_CONNECTION_ABANDON);
2429 #endif
2430 	_exit(i);
2431 }
2432