xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/scp.1 (revision 8ddb146abcdf061be9f2c0db7e391697dafad85c)
1.\"
2.\" scp.1
3.\"
4.\" Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
5.\"
6.\" Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
7.\"                    All rights reserved
8.\"
9.\" Created: Sun May  7 00:14:37 1995 ylo
10.\"
11.\" $OpenBSD: scp.1,v 1.108 2022/02/23 21:21:16 djm Exp $
12.\"
13.Dd $Mdocdate: February 23 2022 $
14.Dt SCP 1
15.Os
16.Sh NAME
17.Nm scp
18.Nd OpenSSH secure file copy
19.Sh SYNOPSIS
20.Nm scp
21.Op Fl 346ABCOpqRrsTv
22.Op Fl c Ar cipher
23.Op Fl D Ar sftp_server_path
24.Op Fl F Ar ssh_config
25.Op Fl i Ar identity_file
26.Op Fl J Ar destination
27.Op Fl l Ar limit
28.Op Fl o Ar ssh_option
29.Op Fl P Ar port
30.Op Fl S Ar program
31.Ar source ... target
32.Sh DESCRIPTION
33.Nm
34copies files between hosts on a network.
35.Pp
36It uses
37.Xr ssh 1
38for data transfer, and uses the same authentication and provides the
39same security as a login session.
40.Pp
41.Nm
42will ask for passwords or passphrases if they are needed for
43authentication.
44.Pp
45The
46.Ar source
47and
48.Ar target
49may be specified as a local pathname, a remote host with optional path
50in the form
51.Sm off
52.Oo user @ Oc host : Op path ,
53.Sm on
54or a URI in the form
55.Sm off
56.No scp:// Oo user @ Oc host Oo : port Oc Op / path .
57.Sm on
58Local file names can be made explicit using absolute or relative pathnames
59to avoid
60.Nm
61treating file names containing
62.Sq :\&
63as host specifiers.
64.Pp
65When copying between two remote hosts, if the URI format is used, a
66.Ar port
67cannot be specified on the
68.Ar target
69if the
70.Fl R
71option is used.
72.Pp
73The options are as follows:
74.Bl -tag -width Ds
75.It Fl 3
76Copies between two remote hosts are transferred through the local host.
77Without this option the data is copied directly between the two remote
78hosts.
79Note that, when using the legacy SCP protocol (via the
80.Fl O
81flag), this option
82selects batch mode for the second host as
83.Nm
84cannot ask for passwords or passphrases for both hosts.
85This mode is the default.
86.It Fl 4
87Forces
88.Nm
89to use IPv4 addresses only.
90.It Fl 6
91Forces
92.Nm
93to use IPv6 addresses only.
94.It Fl A
95Allows forwarding of
96.Xr ssh-agent 1
97to the remote system.
98The default is not to forward an authentication agent.
99.It Fl B
100Selects batch mode (prevents asking for passwords or passphrases).
101.It Fl C
102Compression enable.
103Passes the
104.Fl C
105flag to
106.Xr ssh 1
107to enable compression.
108.It Fl c Ar cipher
109Selects the cipher to use for encrypting the data transfer.
110This option is directly passed to
111.Xr ssh 1 .
112.It Fl D Ar sftp_server_path
113When using the SFTP protocol support via
114.Fl M ,
115connect directly to a local SFTP server program rather than a
116remote one via
117.Xr ssh 1 .
118This option may be useful in debugging the client and server.
119.It Fl F Ar ssh_config
120Specifies an alternative
121per-user configuration file for
122.Nm ssh .
123This option is directly passed to
124.Xr ssh 1 .
125.It Fl i Ar identity_file
126Selects the file from which the identity (private key) for public key
127authentication is read.
128This option is directly passed to
129.Xr ssh 1 .
130.It Fl J Ar destination
131Connect to the target host by first making an
132.Nm
133connection to the jump host described by
134.Ar destination
135and then establishing a TCP forwarding to the ultimate destination from
136there.
137Multiple jump hops may be specified separated by comma characters.
138This is a shortcut to specify a
139.Cm ProxyJump
140configuration directive.
141This option is directly passed to
142.Xr ssh 1 .
143.It Fl l Ar limit
144Limits the used bandwidth, specified in Kbit/s.
145.It Fl O
146Use the legacy SCP protocol for file transfers instead of the SFTP protocol.
147Forcing the use of the SCP protocol may be necessary for servers that do
148not implement SFTP, for backwards-compatibility for particular filename
149wildcard patterns and for expanding paths with a
150.Sq ~
151prefix for older SFTP servers.
152.It Fl o Ar ssh_option
153Can be used to pass options to
154.Nm ssh
155in the format used in
156.Xr ssh_config 5 .
157This is useful for specifying options
158for which there is no separate
159.Nm scp
160command-line flag.
161For full details of the options listed below, and their possible values, see
162.Xr ssh_config 5 .
163.Pp
164.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
165.It AddressFamily
166.It BatchMode
167.It BindAddress
168.It BindInterface
169.It CanonicalDomains
170.It CanonicalizeFallbackLocal
171.It CanonicalizeHostname
172.It CanonicalizeMaxDots
173.It CanonicalizePermittedCNAMEs
174.It CASignatureAlgorithms
175.It CertificateFile
176.It CheckHostIP
177.It Ciphers
178.It Compression
179.It ConnectionAttempts
180.It ConnectTimeout
181.It ControlMaster
182.It ControlPath
183.It ControlPersist
184.It GlobalKnownHostsFile
185.It GSSAPIAuthentication
186.It GSSAPIDelegateCredentials
187.It HashKnownHosts
188.It Host
189.It HostbasedAcceptedAlgorithms
190.It HostbasedAuthentication
191.It HostKeyAlgorithms
192.It HostKeyAlias
193.It Hostname
194.It IdentitiesOnly
195.It IdentityAgent
196.It IdentityFile
197.It IPQoS
198.It KbdInteractiveAuthentication
199.It KbdInteractiveDevices
200.It KexAlgorithms
201.It KnownHostsCommand
202.It LogLevel
203.It MACs
204.It NoHostAuthenticationForLocalhost
205.It NumberOfPasswordPrompts
206.It PasswordAuthentication
207.It PKCS11Provider
208.It Port
209.It PreferredAuthentications
210.It ProxyCommand
211.It ProxyJump
212.It PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms
213.It PubkeyAuthentication
214.It RekeyLimit
215.It SendEnv
216.It ServerAliveInterval
217.It ServerAliveCountMax
218.It SetEnv
219.It StrictHostKeyChecking
220.It TCPKeepAlive
221.It UpdateHostKeys
222.It User
223.It UserKnownHostsFile
224.It VerifyHostKeyDNS
225.El
226.It Fl P Ar port
227Specifies the port to connect to on the remote host.
228Note that this option is written with a capital
229.Sq P ,
230because
231.Fl p
232is already reserved for preserving the times and mode bits of the file.
233.It Fl p
234Preserves modification times, access times, and file mode bits from the
235source file.
236.It Fl q
237Quiet mode: disables the progress meter as well as warning and diagnostic
238messages from
239.Xr ssh 1 .
240.It Fl R
241Copies between two remote hosts are performed by connecting to the origin
242host and executing
243.Nm
244there.
245This requires that
246.Nm
247running on the origin host can authenticate to the destination host without
248requiring a password.
249.It Fl r
250Recursively copy entire directories.
251Note that
252.Nm
253follows symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal.
254.It Fl S Ar program
255Name of
256.Ar program
257to use for the encrypted connection.
258The program must understand
259.Xr ssh 1
260options.
261.It Fl T
262Disable strict filename checking.
263By default when copying files from a remote host to a local directory
264.Nm
265checks that the received filenames match those requested on the command-line
266to prevent the remote end from sending unexpected or unwanted files.
267Because of differences in how various operating systems and shells interpret
268filename wildcards, these checks may cause wanted files to be rejected.
269This option disables these checks at the expense of fully trusting that
270the server will not send unexpected filenames.
271.It Fl v
272Verbose mode.
273Causes
274.Nm
275and
276.Xr ssh 1
277to print debugging messages about their progress.
278This is helpful in
279debugging connection, authentication, and configuration problems.
280.El
281.Sh EXIT STATUS
282.Ex -std scp
283.Sh SEE ALSO
284.Xr sftp 1 ,
285.Xr ssh 1 ,
286.Xr ssh-add 1 ,
287.Xr ssh-agent 1 ,
288.Xr ssh-keygen 1 ,
289.Xr ssh_config 5 ,
290.Xr sftp-server 8 ,
291.Xr sshd 8
292.Sh HISTORY
293.Nm
294is based on the rcp program in
295.Bx
296source code from the Regents of the University of California.
297.Pp
298Since OpenSSH 9.0,
299.Nm
300has use the SFTP protocol for transfers by default.
301.Sh AUTHORS
302.An Timo Rinne Aq Mt tri@iki.fi
303.An Tatu Ylonen Aq Mt ylo@cs.hut.fi
304.Sh CAVEATS
305The legacy SCP protocol (selected by the
306.Fl O
307flag) requires execution of the remote user's shell to perform
308.Xr glob 3
309pattern matching.
310This requires careful quoting of any characters that have special meaning to
311the remote shell, such as quote characters.
312