xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/mac.c (revision 675382f12b67e8b7b2f35bd1f8dfd96b8d8e4aae)
1 /* $OpenBSD: mac.c,v 1.38 2026/03/03 09:57:25 dtucker Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2001 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
16  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
17  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
18  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
19  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
20  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
21  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
22  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
23  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24  */
25 
26 #include "includes.h"
27 
28 #include <sys/types.h>
29 
30 #include <stdio.h>
31 #include <stdlib.h>
32 #include <string.h>
33 
34 #include "digest.h"
35 #include "hmac.h"
36 #include "umac.h"
37 #include "mac.h"
38 #include "misc.h"
39 #include "ssherr.h"
40 #include "sshbuf.h"
41 
42 #include "openbsd-compat/openssl-compat.h"
43 
44 #define SSH_DIGEST	1	/* SSH_DIGEST_XXX */
45 #define SSH_UMAC	2	/* UMAC (not integrated with OpenSSL) */
46 #define SSH_UMAC128	3
47 
48 struct macalg {
49 	char		*name;
50 	int		type;
51 	int		alg;
52 	int		truncatebits;	/* truncate digest if != 0 */
53 	int		key_len;	/* just for UMAC */
54 	int		len;		/* just for UMAC */
55 	int		etm;		/* Encrypt-then-MAC */
56 };
57 
58 static const struct macalg macs[] = {
59 	/* Encrypt-and-MAC (encrypt-and-authenticate) variants */
60 	{ "hmac-sha1",				SSH_DIGEST, SSH_DIGEST_SHA1, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
61 	{ "hmac-sha1-96",			SSH_DIGEST, SSH_DIGEST_SHA1, 96, 0, 0, 0 },
62 	{ "hmac-sha2-256",			SSH_DIGEST, SSH_DIGEST_SHA256, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
63 	{ "hmac-sha2-512",			SSH_DIGEST, SSH_DIGEST_SHA512, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
64 	{ "hmac-md5",				SSH_DIGEST, SSH_DIGEST_MD5, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
65 	{ "hmac-md5-96",			SSH_DIGEST, SSH_DIGEST_MD5, 96, 0, 0, 0 },
66 	{ "umac-64@openssh.com",		SSH_UMAC, 0, 0, 128, 64, 0 },
67 	{ "umac-128@openssh.com",		SSH_UMAC128, 0, 0, 128, 128, 0 },
68 
69 	/* Encrypt-then-MAC variants */
70 	{ "hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com",		SSH_DIGEST, SSH_DIGEST_SHA1, 0, 0, 0, 1 },
71 	{ "hmac-sha1-96-etm@openssh.com",	SSH_DIGEST, SSH_DIGEST_SHA1, 96, 0, 0, 1 },
72 	{ "hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com",	SSH_DIGEST, SSH_DIGEST_SHA256, 0, 0, 0, 1 },
73 	{ "hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com",	SSH_DIGEST, SSH_DIGEST_SHA512, 0, 0, 0, 1 },
74 	{ "hmac-md5-etm@openssh.com",		SSH_DIGEST, SSH_DIGEST_MD5, 0, 0, 0, 1 },
75 	{ "hmac-md5-96-etm@openssh.com",	SSH_DIGEST, SSH_DIGEST_MD5, 96, 0, 0, 1 },
76 	{ "umac-64-etm@openssh.com",		SSH_UMAC, 0, 0, 128, 64, 1 },
77 	{ "umac-128-etm@openssh.com",		SSH_UMAC128, 0, 0, 128, 128, 1 },
78 
79 	{ NULL,					0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
80 };
81 
82 /* Returns a list of supported MACs separated by the specified char. */
83 char *
84 mac_alg_list(char sep)
85 {
86 	char *ret = NULL;
87 	const struct macalg *m;
88 	char sep_str[2] = {sep, '\0'};
89 
90 	for (m = macs; m->name != NULL; m++)
91 		xextendf(&ret, sep_str, "%s", m->name);
92 
93 	return ret;
94 }
95 
96 static int
97 mac_setup_by_alg(struct sshmac *mac, const struct macalg *macalg)
98 {
99 	mac->type = macalg->type;
100 	if (mac->type == SSH_DIGEST) {
101 		if ((mac->hmac_ctx = ssh_hmac_start(macalg->alg)) == NULL)
102 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
103 		mac->key_len = mac->mac_len = ssh_hmac_bytes(macalg->alg);
104 	} else {
105 		mac->mac_len = macalg->len / 8;
106 		mac->key_len = macalg->key_len / 8;
107 		mac->umac_ctx = NULL;
108 	}
109 	if (macalg->truncatebits != 0)
110 		mac->mac_len = macalg->truncatebits / 8;
111 	mac->etm = macalg->etm;
112 	return 0;
113 }
114 
115 int
116 mac_setup(struct sshmac *mac, char *name)
117 {
118 	const struct macalg *m;
119 
120 	for (m = macs; m->name != NULL; m++) {
121 		if (strcmp(name, m->name) != 0)
122 			continue;
123 		if (mac != NULL)
124 			return mac_setup_by_alg(mac, m);
125 		return 0;
126 	}
127 	return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
128 }
129 
130 int
131 mac_init(struct sshmac *mac)
132 {
133 	if (mac->key == NULL)
134 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
135 	switch (mac->type) {
136 	case SSH_DIGEST:
137 		if (mac->hmac_ctx == NULL ||
138 		    ssh_hmac_init(mac->hmac_ctx, mac->key, mac->key_len) < 0)
139 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
140 		return 0;
141 	case SSH_UMAC:
142 		if ((mac->umac_ctx = umac_new(mac->key)) == NULL)
143 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
144 		return 0;
145 	case SSH_UMAC128:
146 		if ((mac->umac_ctx = umac128_new(mac->key)) == NULL)
147 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
148 		return 0;
149 	default:
150 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
151 	}
152 }
153 
154 int
155 mac_compute(struct sshmac *mac, uint32_t seqno,
156     const u_char *data, int datalen,
157     u_char *digest, size_t dlen)
158 {
159 	static union {
160 		u_char m[SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH];
161 		uint64_t for_align;
162 	} u;
163 	u_char b[4];
164 	u_char nonce[8];
165 
166 	if (mac->mac_len > sizeof(u))
167 		return SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
168 
169 	switch (mac->type) {
170 	case SSH_DIGEST:
171 		put_u32(b, seqno);
172 		/* reset HMAC context */
173 		if (ssh_hmac_init(mac->hmac_ctx, NULL, 0) < 0 ||
174 		    ssh_hmac_update(mac->hmac_ctx, b, sizeof(b)) < 0 ||
175 		    ssh_hmac_update(mac->hmac_ctx, data, datalen) < 0 ||
176 		    ssh_hmac_final(mac->hmac_ctx, u.m, sizeof(u.m)) < 0)
177 			return SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
178 		break;
179 	case SSH_UMAC:
180 		POKE_U64(nonce, seqno);
181 		umac_update(mac->umac_ctx, data, datalen);
182 		umac_final(mac->umac_ctx, u.m, nonce);
183 		break;
184 	case SSH_UMAC128:
185 		put_u64(nonce, seqno);
186 		umac128_update(mac->umac_ctx, data, datalen);
187 		umac128_final(mac->umac_ctx, u.m, nonce);
188 		break;
189 	default:
190 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
191 	}
192 	if (digest != NULL) {
193 		if (dlen > mac->mac_len)
194 			dlen = mac->mac_len;
195 		memcpy(digest, u.m, dlen);
196 	}
197 	return 0;
198 }
199 
200 int
201 mac_check(struct sshmac *mac, uint32_t seqno,
202     const u_char *data, size_t dlen,
203     const u_char *theirmac, size_t mlen)
204 {
205 	u_char ourmac[SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH];
206 	int r;
207 
208 	if (mac->mac_len > mlen)
209 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
210 	if ((r = mac_compute(mac, seqno, data, dlen,
211 	    ourmac, sizeof(ourmac))) != 0)
212 		return r;
213 	if (timingsafe_bcmp(ourmac, theirmac, mac->mac_len) != 0)
214 		return SSH_ERR_MAC_INVALID;
215 	return 0;
216 }
217 
218 void
219 mac_clear(struct sshmac *mac)
220 {
221 	if (mac->type == SSH_UMAC) {
222 		if (mac->umac_ctx != NULL)
223 			umac_delete(mac->umac_ctx);
224 	} else if (mac->type == SSH_UMAC128) {
225 		if (mac->umac_ctx != NULL)
226 			umac128_delete(mac->umac_ctx);
227 	} else if (mac->hmac_ctx != NULL)
228 		ssh_hmac_free(mac->hmac_ctx);
229 	mac->hmac_ctx = NULL;
230 	mac->umac_ctx = NULL;
231 }
232 
233 /* XXX copied from ciphers_valid */
234 #define	MAC_SEP	","
235 int
236 mac_valid(const char *names)
237 {
238 	char *maclist, *cp, *p;
239 
240 	if (names == NULL || strcmp(names, "") == 0)
241 		return 0;
242 	if ((maclist = cp = strdup(names)) == NULL)
243 		return 0;
244 	for ((p = strsep(&cp, MAC_SEP)); p && *p != '\0';
245 	    (p = strsep(&cp, MAC_SEP))) {
246 		if (mac_setup(NULL, p) < 0) {
247 			free(maclist);
248 			return 0;
249 		}
250 	}
251 	free(maclist);
252 	return 1;
253 }
254