xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/kexgen.c (revision 5f4c09dd85bff675e0ca63c55ea3c517e0fddfcc)
1 /* $OpenBSD: kexgen.c,v 1.8 2021/12/19 22:08:06 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2019 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
16  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
17  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
18  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
19  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
20  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
21  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
22  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
23  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24  */
25 
26 #include "includes.h"
27 
28 #include <sys/types.h>
29 
30 #include <stdarg.h>
31 #include <stdio.h>
32 #include <string.h>
33 #include <signal.h>
34 
35 #include "sshkey.h"
36 #include "kex.h"
37 #include "log.h"
38 #include "packet.h"
39 #include "ssh2.h"
40 #include "sshbuf.h"
41 #include "digest.h"
42 #include "ssherr.h"
43 
44 static int input_kex_gen_init(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
45 static int input_kex_gen_reply(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh);
46 
47 static int
48 kex_gen_hash(
49     int hash_alg,
50     const struct sshbuf *client_version,
51     const struct sshbuf *server_version,
52     const struct sshbuf *client_kexinit,
53     const struct sshbuf *server_kexinit,
54     const struct sshbuf *server_host_key_blob,
55     const struct sshbuf *client_pub,
56     const struct sshbuf *server_pub,
57     const struct sshbuf *shared_secret,
58     u_char *hash, size_t *hashlen)
59 {
60 	struct sshbuf *b;
61 	int r;
62 
63 	if (*hashlen < ssh_digest_bytes(hash_alg))
64 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
65 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
66 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
67 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, client_version)) != 0 ||
68 	    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, server_version)) != 0 ||
69 	    /* kexinit messages: fake header: len+SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT */
70 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(b, sshbuf_len(client_kexinit) + 1)) != 0 ||
71 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u8(b, SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT)) != 0 ||
72 	    (r = sshbuf_putb(b, client_kexinit)) != 0 ||
73 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(b, sshbuf_len(server_kexinit) + 1)) != 0 ||
74 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u8(b, SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT)) != 0 ||
75 	    (r = sshbuf_putb(b, server_kexinit)) != 0 ||
76 	    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, server_host_key_blob)) != 0 ||
77 	    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, client_pub)) != 0 ||
78 	    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, server_pub)) != 0 ||
79 	    (r = sshbuf_putb(b, shared_secret)) != 0) {
80 		sshbuf_free(b);
81 		return r;
82 	}
83 #ifdef DEBUG_KEX
84 	sshbuf_dump(b, stderr);
85 #endif
86 	if (ssh_digest_buffer(hash_alg, b, hash, *hashlen) != 0) {
87 		sshbuf_free(b);
88 		return SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
89 	}
90 	sshbuf_free(b);
91 	*hashlen = ssh_digest_bytes(hash_alg);
92 #ifdef DEBUG_KEX
93 	dump_digest("hash", hash, *hashlen);
94 #endif
95 	return 0;
96 }
97 
98 int
99 kex_gen_client(struct ssh *ssh)
100 {
101 	struct kex *kex = ssh->kex;
102 	int r;
103 
104 	switch (kex->kex_type) {
105 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
106 	case KEX_DH_GRP1_SHA1:
107 	case KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA1:
108 	case KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA256:
109 	case KEX_DH_GRP16_SHA512:
110 	case KEX_DH_GRP18_SHA512:
111 		r = kex_dh_keypair(kex);
112 		break;
113 	case KEX_ECDH_SHA2:
114 		r = kex_ecdh_keypair(kex);
115 		break;
116 #endif
117 	case KEX_C25519_SHA256:
118 		r = kex_c25519_keypair(kex);
119 		break;
120 	case KEX_KEM_SNTRUP761X25519_SHA512:
121 		r = kex_kem_sntrup761x25519_keypair(kex);
122 		break;
123 	default:
124 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
125 		break;
126 	}
127 	if (r != 0)
128 		return r;
129 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT)) != 0 ||
130 	    (r = sshpkt_put_stringb(ssh, kex->client_pub)) != 0 ||
131 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
132 		return r;
133 	debug("expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY");
134 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY, &input_kex_gen_reply);
135 	return 0;
136 }
137 
138 static int
139 input_kex_gen_reply(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
140 {
141 	struct kex *kex = ssh->kex;
142 	struct sshkey *server_host_key = NULL;
143 	struct sshbuf *shared_secret = NULL;
144 	struct sshbuf *server_blob = NULL;
145 	struct sshbuf *tmp = NULL, *server_host_key_blob = NULL;
146 	u_char *signature = NULL;
147 	u_char hash[SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH];
148 	size_t slen, hashlen;
149 	int r;
150 
151 	debug("SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY received");
152 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY, &kex_protocol_error);
153 
154 	/* hostkey */
155 	if ((r = sshpkt_getb_froms(ssh, &server_host_key_blob)) != 0)
156 		goto out;
157 	/* sshkey_fromb() consumes its buffer, so make a copy */
158 	if ((tmp = sshbuf_fromb(server_host_key_blob)) == NULL) {
159 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
160 		goto out;
161 	}
162 	if ((r = sshkey_fromb(tmp, &server_host_key)) != 0)
163 		goto out;
164 	if ((r = kex_verify_host_key(ssh, server_host_key)) != 0)
165 		goto out;
166 
167 	/* Q_S, server public key */
168 	/* signed H */
169 	if ((r = sshpkt_getb_froms(ssh, &server_blob)) != 0 ||
170 	    (r = sshpkt_get_string(ssh, &signature, &slen)) != 0 ||
171 	    (r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0)
172 		goto out;
173 
174 	/* compute shared secret */
175 	switch (kex->kex_type) {
176 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
177 	case KEX_DH_GRP1_SHA1:
178 	case KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA1:
179 	case KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA256:
180 	case KEX_DH_GRP16_SHA512:
181 	case KEX_DH_GRP18_SHA512:
182 		r = kex_dh_dec(kex, server_blob, &shared_secret);
183 		break;
184 	case KEX_ECDH_SHA2:
185 		r = kex_ecdh_dec(kex, server_blob, &shared_secret);
186 		break;
187 #endif
188 	case KEX_C25519_SHA256:
189 		r = kex_c25519_dec(kex, server_blob, &shared_secret);
190 		break;
191 	case KEX_KEM_SNTRUP761X25519_SHA512:
192 		r = kex_kem_sntrup761x25519_dec(kex, server_blob,
193 		    &shared_secret);
194 		break;
195 	default:
196 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
197 		break;
198 	}
199 	if (r !=0 )
200 		goto out;
201 
202 	/* calc and verify H */
203 	hashlen = sizeof(hash);
204 	if ((r = kex_gen_hash(
205 	    kex->hash_alg,
206 	    kex->client_version,
207 	    kex->server_version,
208 	    kex->my,
209 	    kex->peer,
210 	    server_host_key_blob,
211 	    kex->client_pub,
212 	    server_blob,
213 	    shared_secret,
214 	    hash, &hashlen)) != 0)
215 		goto out;
216 
217 	if ((r = sshkey_verify(server_host_key, signature, slen, hash, hashlen,
218 	    kex->hostkey_alg, ssh->compat, NULL)) != 0)
219 		goto out;
220 
221 	if ((r = kex_derive_keys(ssh, hash, hashlen, shared_secret)) != 0 ||
222 	    (r = kex_send_newkeys(ssh)) != 0)
223 		goto out;
224 
225 	/* save initial signature and hostkey */
226 	if ((kex->flags & KEX_INITIAL) != 0) {
227 		if (kex->initial_hostkey != NULL || kex->initial_sig != NULL) {
228 			r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
229 			goto out;
230 		}
231 		if ((kex->initial_sig = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
232 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
233 			goto out;
234 		}
235 		if ((r = sshbuf_put(kex->initial_sig, signature, slen)) != 0)
236 			goto out;
237 		kex->initial_hostkey = server_host_key;
238 		server_host_key = NULL;
239 	}
240 	/* success */
241 out:
242 	explicit_bzero(hash, sizeof(hash));
243 	explicit_bzero(kex->c25519_client_key, sizeof(kex->c25519_client_key));
244 	explicit_bzero(kex->sntrup761_client_key,
245 	    sizeof(kex->sntrup761_client_key));
246 	sshbuf_free(server_host_key_blob);
247 	free(signature);
248 	sshbuf_free(tmp);
249 	sshkey_free(server_host_key);
250 	sshbuf_free(server_blob);
251 	sshbuf_free(shared_secret);
252 	sshbuf_free(kex->client_pub);
253 	kex->client_pub = NULL;
254 	return r;
255 }
256 
257 int
258 kex_gen_server(struct ssh *ssh)
259 {
260 	debug("expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT");
261 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT, &input_kex_gen_init);
262 	return 0;
263 }
264 
265 static int
266 input_kex_gen_init(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
267 {
268 	struct kex *kex = ssh->kex;
269 	struct sshkey *server_host_private, *server_host_public;
270 	struct sshbuf *shared_secret = NULL;
271 	struct sshbuf *server_pubkey = NULL;
272 	struct sshbuf *client_pubkey = NULL;
273 	struct sshbuf *server_host_key_blob = NULL;
274 	u_char *signature = NULL, hash[SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH];
275 	size_t slen, hashlen;
276 	int r;
277 
278 	debug("SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT received");
279 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT, &kex_protocol_error);
280 
281 	if ((r = kex_load_hostkey(ssh, &server_host_private,
282 	    &server_host_public)) != 0)
283 		goto out;
284 
285 	if ((r = sshpkt_getb_froms(ssh, &client_pubkey)) != 0 ||
286 	    (r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0)
287 		goto out;
288 
289 	/* compute shared secret */
290 	switch (kex->kex_type) {
291 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
292 	case KEX_DH_GRP1_SHA1:
293 	case KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA1:
294 	case KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA256:
295 	case KEX_DH_GRP16_SHA512:
296 	case KEX_DH_GRP18_SHA512:
297 		r = kex_dh_enc(kex, client_pubkey, &server_pubkey,
298 		    &shared_secret);
299 		break;
300 	case KEX_ECDH_SHA2:
301 		r = kex_ecdh_enc(kex, client_pubkey, &server_pubkey,
302 		    &shared_secret);
303 		break;
304 #endif
305 	case KEX_C25519_SHA256:
306 		r = kex_c25519_enc(kex, client_pubkey, &server_pubkey,
307 		    &shared_secret);
308 		break;
309 	case KEX_KEM_SNTRUP761X25519_SHA512:
310 		r = kex_kem_sntrup761x25519_enc(kex, client_pubkey,
311 		    &server_pubkey, &shared_secret);
312 		break;
313 	default:
314 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
315 		break;
316 	}
317 	if (r !=0 )
318 		goto out;
319 
320 	/* calc H */
321 	if ((server_host_key_blob = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
322 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
323 		goto out;
324 	}
325 	if ((r = sshkey_putb(server_host_public, server_host_key_blob)) != 0)
326 		goto out;
327 	hashlen = sizeof(hash);
328 	if ((r = kex_gen_hash(
329 	    kex->hash_alg,
330 	    kex->client_version,
331 	    kex->server_version,
332 	    kex->peer,
333 	    kex->my,
334 	    server_host_key_blob,
335 	    client_pubkey,
336 	    server_pubkey,
337 	    shared_secret,
338 	    hash, &hashlen)) != 0)
339 		goto out;
340 
341 	/* sign H */
342 	if ((r = kex->sign(ssh, server_host_private, server_host_public,
343 	    &signature, &slen, hash, hashlen, kex->hostkey_alg)) != 0)
344 		goto out;
345 
346 	/* send server hostkey, ECDH pubkey 'Q_S' and signed H */
347 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY)) != 0 ||
348 	    (r = sshpkt_put_stringb(ssh, server_host_key_blob)) != 0 ||
349 	    (r = sshpkt_put_stringb(ssh, server_pubkey)) != 0 ||
350 	    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, signature, slen)) != 0 ||
351 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
352 		goto out;
353 
354 	if ((r = kex_derive_keys(ssh, hash, hashlen, shared_secret)) != 0 ||
355 	    (r = kex_send_newkeys(ssh)) != 0)
356 		goto out;
357 	/* retain copy of hostkey used at initial KEX */
358 	if (kex->initial_hostkey == NULL &&
359 	    (r = sshkey_from_private(server_host_public,
360 	    &kex->initial_hostkey)) != 0)
361 		goto out;
362 	/* success */
363 out:
364 	explicit_bzero(hash, sizeof(hash));
365 	sshbuf_free(server_host_key_blob);
366 	free(signature);
367 	sshbuf_free(shared_secret);
368 	sshbuf_free(client_pubkey);
369 	sshbuf_free(server_pubkey);
370 	return r;
371 }
372