xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/authfile.c (revision b0d29bc47dba79f6f38e67eabadfb4b32ffd9390)
1 /* $OpenBSD: authfile.c,v 1.131 2018/09/21 12:20:12 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2013 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
16  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
17  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
18  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
19  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
20  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
21  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
22  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
23  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24  */
25 
26 #include "includes.h"
27 
28 #include <sys/types.h>
29 #include <sys/stat.h>
30 #include <sys/uio.h>
31 
32 #include <errno.h>
33 #include <fcntl.h>
34 #include <stdio.h>
35 #include <stdarg.h>
36 #include <stdlib.h>
37 #include <string.h>
38 #include <unistd.h>
39 #include <limits.h>
40 
41 #include "cipher.h"
42 #include "ssh.h"
43 #include "log.h"
44 #include "authfile.h"
45 #include "misc.h"
46 #include "atomicio.h"
47 #include "sshkey.h"
48 #include "sshbuf.h"
49 #include "ssherr.h"
50 #include "krl.h"
51 
52 #define MAX_KEY_FILE_SIZE	(1024 * 1024)
53 
54 /* Save a key blob to a file */
55 static int
56 sshkey_save_private_blob(struct sshbuf *keybuf, const char *filename)
57 {
58 	int fd, oerrno;
59 
60 	if ((fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0600)) < 0)
61 		return SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
62 	if (atomicio(vwrite, fd, sshbuf_mutable_ptr(keybuf),
63 	    sshbuf_len(keybuf)) != sshbuf_len(keybuf)) {
64 		oerrno = errno;
65 		close(fd);
66 		unlink(filename);
67 		errno = oerrno;
68 		return SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
69 	}
70 	close(fd);
71 	return 0;
72 }
73 
74 int
75 sshkey_save_private(struct sshkey *key, const char *filename,
76     const char *passphrase, const char *comment,
77     int force_new_format, const char *new_format_cipher, int new_format_rounds)
78 {
79 	struct sshbuf *keyblob = NULL;
80 	int r;
81 
82 	if ((keyblob = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
83 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
84 	if ((r = sshkey_private_to_fileblob(key, keyblob, passphrase, comment,
85 	    force_new_format, new_format_cipher, new_format_rounds)) != 0)
86 		goto out;
87 	if ((r = sshkey_save_private_blob(keyblob, filename)) != 0)
88 		goto out;
89 	r = 0;
90  out:
91 	sshbuf_free(keyblob);
92 	return r;
93 }
94 
95 /* Load a key from a fd into a buffer */
96 int
97 sshkey_load_file(int fd, struct sshbuf *blob)
98 {
99 	u_char buf[1024];
100 	size_t len;
101 	struct stat st;
102 	int r;
103 
104 	if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0)
105 		return SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
106 	if ((st.st_mode & (S_IFSOCK|S_IFCHR|S_IFIFO)) == 0 &&
107 	    st.st_size > MAX_KEY_FILE_SIZE)
108 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
109 	for (;;) {
110 		if ((len = atomicio(read, fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) == 0) {
111 			if (errno == EPIPE)
112 				break;
113 			r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
114 			goto out;
115 		}
116 		if ((r = sshbuf_put(blob, buf, len)) != 0)
117 			goto out;
118 		if (sshbuf_len(blob) > MAX_KEY_FILE_SIZE) {
119 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
120 			goto out;
121 		}
122 	}
123 	if ((st.st_mode & (S_IFSOCK|S_IFCHR|S_IFIFO)) == 0 &&
124 	    st.st_size != (off_t)sshbuf_len(blob)) {
125 		r = SSH_ERR_FILE_CHANGED;
126 		goto out;
127 	}
128 	r = 0;
129 
130  out:
131 	explicit_bzero(buf, sizeof(buf));
132 	if (r != 0)
133 		sshbuf_reset(blob);
134 	return r;
135 }
136 
137 
138 /* XXX remove error() calls from here? */
139 int
140 sshkey_perm_ok(int fd, const char *filename)
141 {
142 	struct stat st;
143 
144 	if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0)
145 		return SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
146 	/*
147 	 * if a key owned by the user is accessed, then we check the
148 	 * permissions of the file. if the key owned by a different user,
149 	 * then we don't care.
150 	 */
151 #ifdef HAVE_CYGWIN
152 	if (check_ntsec(filename))
153 #endif
154 	if ((st.st_uid == getuid()) && (st.st_mode & 077) != 0) {
155 		error("@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@");
156 		error("@         WARNING: UNPROTECTED PRIVATE KEY FILE!          @");
157 		error("@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@");
158 		error("Permissions 0%3.3o for '%s' are too open.",
159 		    (u_int)st.st_mode & 0777, filename);
160 		error("It is required that your private key files are NOT accessible by others.");
161 		error("This private key will be ignored.");
162 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_BAD_PERMISSIONS;
163 	}
164 	return 0;
165 }
166 
167 /* XXX kill perm_ok now that we have SSH_ERR_KEY_BAD_PERMISSIONS? */
168 int
169 sshkey_load_private_type(int type, const char *filename, const char *passphrase,
170     struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp, int *perm_ok)
171 {
172 	int fd, r;
173 
174 	if (keyp != NULL)
175 		*keyp = NULL;
176 	if (commentp != NULL)
177 		*commentp = NULL;
178 
179 	if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
180 		if (perm_ok != NULL)
181 			*perm_ok = 0;
182 		return SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
183 	}
184 	if (sshkey_perm_ok(fd, filename) != 0) {
185 		if (perm_ok != NULL)
186 			*perm_ok = 0;
187 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_BAD_PERMISSIONS;
188 		goto out;
189 	}
190 	if (perm_ok != NULL)
191 		*perm_ok = 1;
192 
193 	r = sshkey_load_private_type_fd(fd, type, passphrase, keyp, commentp);
194 	if (r == 0 && keyp && *keyp)
195 		r = sshkey_set_filename(*keyp, filename);
196  out:
197 	close(fd);
198 	return r;
199 }
200 
201 int
202 sshkey_load_private_type_fd(int fd, int type, const char *passphrase,
203     struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp)
204 {
205 	struct sshbuf *buffer = NULL;
206 	int r;
207 
208 	if (keyp != NULL)
209 		*keyp = NULL;
210 	if ((buffer = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
211 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
212 		goto out;
213 	}
214 	if ((r = sshkey_load_file(fd, buffer)) != 0 ||
215 	    (r = sshkey_parse_private_fileblob_type(buffer, type,
216 	    passphrase, keyp, commentp)) != 0)
217 		goto out;
218 
219 	/* success */
220 	r = 0;
221  out:
222 	sshbuf_free(buffer);
223 	return r;
224 }
225 
226 /* XXX this is almost identical to sshkey_load_private_type() */
227 int
228 sshkey_load_private(const char *filename, const char *passphrase,
229     struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp)
230 {
231 	struct sshbuf *buffer = NULL;
232 	int r, fd;
233 
234 	if (keyp != NULL)
235 		*keyp = NULL;
236 	if (commentp != NULL)
237 		*commentp = NULL;
238 
239 	if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
240 		return SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
241 	if (sshkey_perm_ok(fd, filename) != 0) {
242 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_BAD_PERMISSIONS;
243 		goto out;
244 	}
245 
246 	if ((buffer = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
247 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
248 		goto out;
249 	}
250 	if ((r = sshkey_load_file(fd, buffer)) != 0 ||
251 	    (r = sshkey_parse_private_fileblob(buffer, passphrase, keyp,
252 	    commentp)) != 0)
253 		goto out;
254 	if (keyp && *keyp &&
255 	    (r = sshkey_set_filename(*keyp, filename)) != 0)
256 		goto out;
257 	r = 0;
258  out:
259 	close(fd);
260 	sshbuf_free(buffer);
261 	return r;
262 }
263 
264 static int
265 sshkey_try_load_public(struct sshkey *k, const char *filename, char **commentp)
266 {
267 	FILE *f;
268 	char *line = NULL, *cp;
269 	size_t linesize = 0;
270 	int r;
271 
272 	if (commentp != NULL)
273 		*commentp = NULL;
274 	if ((f = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL)
275 		return SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
276 	while (getline(&line, &linesize, f) != -1) {
277 		cp = line;
278 		switch (*cp) {
279 		case '#':
280 		case '\n':
281 		case '\0':
282 			continue;
283 		}
284 		/* Abort loading if this looks like a private key */
285 		if (strncmp(cp, "-----BEGIN", 10) == 0 ||
286 		    strcmp(cp, "SSH PRIVATE KEY FILE") == 0)
287 			break;
288 		/* Skip leading whitespace. */
289 		for (; *cp && (*cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'); cp++)
290 			;
291 		if (*cp) {
292 			if ((r = sshkey_read(k, &cp)) == 0) {
293 				cp[strcspn(cp, "\r\n")] = '\0';
294 				if (commentp) {
295 					*commentp = strdup(*cp ?
296 					    cp : filename);
297 					if (*commentp == NULL)
298 						r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
299 				}
300 				free(line);
301 				fclose(f);
302 				return r;
303 			}
304 		}
305 	}
306 	free(line);
307 	fclose(f);
308 	return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
309 }
310 
311 /* load public key from any pubkey file */
312 int
313 sshkey_load_public(const char *filename, struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp)
314 {
315 	struct sshkey *pub = NULL;
316 	char *file = NULL;
317 	int r;
318 
319 	if (keyp != NULL)
320 		*keyp = NULL;
321 	if (commentp != NULL)
322 		*commentp = NULL;
323 
324 	if ((pub = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
325 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
326 	if ((r = sshkey_try_load_public(pub, filename, commentp)) == 0) {
327 		if (keyp != NULL) {
328 			*keyp = pub;
329 			pub = NULL;
330 		}
331 		r = 0;
332 		goto out;
333 	}
334 	sshkey_free(pub);
335 
336 	/* try .pub suffix */
337 	if (asprintf(&file, "%s.pub", filename) == -1)
338 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
339 	if ((pub = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) {
340 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
341 		goto out;
342 	}
343 	if ((r = sshkey_try_load_public(pub, file, commentp)) == 0) {
344 		if (keyp != NULL) {
345 			*keyp = pub;
346 			pub = NULL;
347 		}
348 		r = 0;
349 	}
350  out:
351 	free(file);
352 	sshkey_free(pub);
353 	return r;
354 }
355 
356 /* Load the certificate associated with the named private key */
357 int
358 sshkey_load_cert(const char *filename, struct sshkey **keyp)
359 {
360 	struct sshkey *pub = NULL;
361 	char *file = NULL;
362 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
363 
364 	if (keyp != NULL)
365 		*keyp = NULL;
366 
367 	if (asprintf(&file, "%s-cert.pub", filename) == -1)
368 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
369 
370 	if ((pub = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) {
371 		goto out;
372 	}
373 	if ((r = sshkey_try_load_public(pub, file, NULL)) != 0)
374 		goto out;
375 	/* success */
376 	if (keyp != NULL) {
377 		*keyp = pub;
378 		pub = NULL;
379 	}
380 	r = 0;
381  out:
382 	free(file);
383 	sshkey_free(pub);
384 	return r;
385 }
386 
387 /* Load private key and certificate */
388 int
389 sshkey_load_private_cert(int type, const char *filename, const char *passphrase,
390     struct sshkey **keyp, int *perm_ok)
391 {
392 	struct sshkey *key = NULL, *cert = NULL;
393 	int r;
394 
395 	if (keyp != NULL)
396 		*keyp = NULL;
397 
398 	switch (type) {
399 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
400 	case KEY_RSA:
401 	case KEY_DSA:
402 	case KEY_ECDSA:
403 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
404 	case KEY_ED25519:
405 	case KEY_XMSS:
406 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
407 		break;
408 	default:
409 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
410 	}
411 
412 	if ((r = sshkey_load_private_type(type, filename,
413 	    passphrase, &key, NULL, perm_ok)) != 0 ||
414 	    (r = sshkey_load_cert(filename, &cert)) != 0)
415 		goto out;
416 
417 	/* Make sure the private key matches the certificate */
418 	if (sshkey_equal_public(key, cert) == 0) {
419 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_MISMATCH;
420 		goto out;
421 	}
422 
423 	if ((r = sshkey_to_certified(key)) != 0 ||
424 	    (r = sshkey_cert_copy(cert, key)) != 0)
425 		goto out;
426 	r = 0;
427 	if (keyp != NULL) {
428 		*keyp = key;
429 		key = NULL;
430 	}
431  out:
432 	sshkey_free(key);
433 	sshkey_free(cert);
434 	return r;
435 }
436 
437 /*
438  * Returns success if the specified "key" is listed in the file "filename",
439  * SSH_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND: if the key is not listed or another error.
440  * If "strict_type" is set then the key type must match exactly,
441  * otherwise a comparison that ignores certficiate data is performed.
442  * If "check_ca" is set and "key" is a certificate, then its CA key is
443  * also checked and sshkey_in_file() will return success if either is found.
444  */
445 int
446 sshkey_in_file(struct sshkey *key, const char *filename, int strict_type,
447     int check_ca)
448 {
449 	FILE *f;
450 	char *line = NULL, *cp;
451 	size_t linesize = 0;
452 	int r = 0;
453 	struct sshkey *pub = NULL;
454 
455 	int (*sshkey_compare)(const struct sshkey *, const struct sshkey *) =
456 	    strict_type ?  sshkey_equal : sshkey_equal_public;
457 
458 	if ((f = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL)
459 		return SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
460 
461 	while (getline(&line, &linesize, f) != -1) {
462 		sshkey_free(pub);
463 		pub = NULL;
464 		cp = line;
465 
466 		/* Skip leading whitespace. */
467 		for (; *cp && (*cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'); cp++)
468 			;
469 
470 		/* Skip comments and empty lines */
471 		switch (*cp) {
472 		case '#':
473 		case '\n':
474 		case '\0':
475 			continue;
476 		}
477 
478 		if ((pub = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) {
479 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
480 			goto out;
481 		}
482 		switch (r = sshkey_read(pub, &cp)) {
483 		case 0:
484 			break;
485 		case SSH_ERR_KEY_LENGTH:
486 			continue;
487 		default:
488 			goto out;
489 		}
490 		if (sshkey_compare(key, pub) ||
491 		    (check_ca && sshkey_is_cert(key) &&
492 		    sshkey_compare(key->cert->signature_key, pub))) {
493 			r = 0;
494 			goto out;
495 		}
496 	}
497 	r = SSH_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND;
498  out:
499 	free(line);
500 	sshkey_free(pub);
501 	fclose(f);
502 	return r;
503 }
504 
505 /*
506  * Checks whether the specified key is revoked, returning 0 if not,
507  * SSH_ERR_KEY_REVOKED if it is or another error code if something
508  * unexpected happened.
509  * This will check both the key and, if it is a certificate, its CA key too.
510  * "revoked_keys_file" may be a KRL or a one-per-line list of public keys.
511  */
512 int
513 sshkey_check_revoked(struct sshkey *key, const char *revoked_keys_file)
514 {
515 	int r;
516 
517 	r = ssh_krl_file_contains_key(revoked_keys_file, key);
518 	/* If this was not a KRL to begin with then continue below */
519 	if (r != SSH_ERR_KRL_BAD_MAGIC)
520 		return r;
521 
522 	/*
523 	 * If the file is not a KRL or we can't handle KRLs then attempt to
524 	 * parse the file as a flat list of keys.
525 	 */
526 	switch ((r = sshkey_in_file(key, revoked_keys_file, 0, 1))) {
527 	case 0:
528 		/* Key found => revoked */
529 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_REVOKED;
530 	case SSH_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND:
531 		/* Key not found => not revoked */
532 		return 0;
533 	default:
534 		/* Some other error occurred */
535 		return r;
536 	}
537 }
538 
539