xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/auth-rhosts.c (revision 8ddb146abcdf061be9f2c0db7e391697dafad85c)
1 /* $OpenBSD: auth-rhosts.c,v 1.56 2022/02/23 21:21:49 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * Rhosts authentication.  This file contains code to check whether to admit
7  * the login based on rhosts authentication.  This file also processes
8  * /etc/hosts.equiv.
9  *
10  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
11  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
12  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
13  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
14  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
15  */
16 
17 #include "includes.h"
18 
19 #include <sys/types.h>
20 #include <sys/stat.h>
21 
22 #include <fcntl.h>
23 #ifdef HAVE_NETGROUP_H
24 # include <netgroup.h>
25 #endif
26 #include <pwd.h>
27 #include <stdio.h>
28 #include <string.h>
29 #include <stdarg.h>
30 #include <stdlib.h>
31 #include <unistd.h>
32 
33 #include "packet.h"
34 #include "uidswap.h"
35 #include "pathnames.h"
36 #include "log.h"
37 #include "misc.h"
38 #include "xmalloc.h"
39 #include "sshbuf.h"
40 #include "sshkey.h"
41 #include "servconf.h"
42 #include "canohost.h"
43 #include "hostfile.h"
44 #include "auth.h"
45 
46 /* import */
47 extern ServerOptions options;
48 extern int use_privsep;
49 
50 /*
51  * This function processes an rhosts-style file (.rhosts, .shosts, or
52  * /etc/hosts.equiv).  This returns true if authentication can be granted
53  * based on the file, and returns zero otherwise.
54  */
55 
56 static int
57 check_rhosts_file(const char *filename, const char *hostname,
58 		  const char *ipaddr, const char *client_user,
59 		  const char *server_user)
60 {
61 	FILE *f;
62 #define RBUFLN 1024
63 	char buf[RBUFLN];/* Must not be larger than host, user, dummy below. */
64 	int fd;
65 	struct stat st;
66 
67 	/* Open the .rhosts file, deny if unreadable */
68 	if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK)) == -1)
69 		return 0;
70 	if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1) {
71 		close(fd);
72 		return 0;
73 	}
74 	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
75 		logit("User %s hosts file %s is not a regular file",
76 		    server_user, filename);
77 		close(fd);
78 		return 0;
79 	}
80 	unset_nonblock(fd);
81 	if ((f = fdopen(fd, "r")) == NULL) {
82 		close(fd);
83 		return 0;
84 	}
85 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f)) {
86 		/* All three must have length >= buf to avoid overflows. */
87 		char hostbuf[RBUFLN], userbuf[RBUFLN], dummy[RBUFLN];
88 		char *host, *user, *cp;
89 		int negated;
90 
91 		for (cp = buf; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
92 			;
93 		if (*cp == '#' || *cp == '\n' || !*cp)
94 			continue;
95 
96 		/*
97 		 * NO_PLUS is supported at least on OSF/1.  We skip it (we
98 		 * don't ever support the plus syntax).
99 		 */
100 		if (strncmp(cp, "NO_PLUS", 7) == 0)
101 			continue;
102 
103 		/*
104 		 * This should be safe because each buffer is as big as the
105 		 * whole string, and thus cannot be overwritten.
106 		 */
107 		switch (sscanf(buf, "%1023s %1023s %1023s", hostbuf, userbuf,
108 		    dummy)) {
109 		case 0:
110 			auth_debug_add("Found empty line in %.100s.", filename);
111 			continue;
112 		case 1:
113 			/* Host name only. */
114 			strlcpy(userbuf, server_user, sizeof(userbuf));
115 			break;
116 		case 2:
117 			/* Got both host and user name. */
118 			break;
119 		case 3:
120 			auth_debug_add("Found garbage in %.100s.", filename);
121 			continue;
122 		default:
123 			/* Weird... */
124 			continue;
125 		}
126 
127 		host = hostbuf;
128 		user = userbuf;
129 		negated = 0;
130 
131 		/* Process negated host names, or positive netgroups. */
132 		if (host[0] == '-') {
133 			negated = 1;
134 			host++;
135 		} else if (host[0] == '+')
136 			host++;
137 
138 		if (user[0] == '-') {
139 			negated = 1;
140 			user++;
141 		} else if (user[0] == '+')
142 			user++;
143 
144 		/* Check for empty host/user names (particularly '+'). */
145 		if (!host[0] || !user[0]) {
146 			/* We come here if either was '+' or '-'. */
147 			auth_debug_add("Ignoring wild host/user names "
148 			    "in %.100s.", filename);
149 			continue;
150 		}
151 		/* Verify that host name matches. */
152 		if (host[0] == '@') {
153 			if (!innetgr(host + 1, hostname, NULL, NULL) &&
154 			    !innetgr(host + 1, ipaddr, NULL, NULL))
155 				continue;
156 		} else if (strcasecmp(host, hostname) &&
157 		    strcmp(host, ipaddr) != 0)
158 			continue;	/* Different hostname. */
159 
160 		/* Verify that user name matches. */
161 		if (user[0] == '@') {
162 			if (!innetgr(user + 1, NULL, client_user, NULL))
163 				continue;
164 		} else if (strcmp(user, client_user) != 0)
165 			continue;	/* Different username. */
166 
167 		/* Found the user and host. */
168 		fclose(f);
169 
170 		/* If the entry was negated, deny access. */
171 		if (negated) {
172 			auth_debug_add("Matched negative entry in %.100s.",
173 			    filename);
174 			return 0;
175 		}
176 		/* Accept authentication. */
177 		return 1;
178 	}
179 
180 	/* Authentication using this file denied. */
181 	fclose(f);
182 	return 0;
183 }
184 
185 /*
186  * Tries to authenticate the user using the .shosts or .rhosts file. Returns
187  * true if authentication succeeds.  If ignore_rhosts is true, only
188  * /etc/hosts.equiv will be considered (.rhosts and .shosts are ignored).
189  */
190 int
191 auth_rhosts2(struct passwd *pw, const char *client_user, const char *hostname,
192     const char *ipaddr)
193 {
194 	char *path = NULL;
195 	struct stat st;
196 	static const char * const rhosts_files[] = {".shosts", ".rhosts", NULL};
197 	u_int rhosts_file_index;
198 	int r;
199 
200 	debug2_f("clientuser %s hostname %s ipaddr %s",
201 	    client_user, hostname, ipaddr);
202 
203 	/* Switch to the user's uid. */
204 	temporarily_use_uid(pw);
205 	/*
206 	 * Quick check: if the user has no .shosts or .rhosts files and
207 	 * no system hosts.equiv/shosts.equiv files exist then return
208 	 * failure immediately without doing costly lookups from name
209 	 * servers.
210 	 */
211 	for (rhosts_file_index = 0; rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index];
212 	    rhosts_file_index++) {
213 		/* Check users .rhosts or .shosts. */
214 		xasprintf(&path, "%s/%s",
215 		    pw->pw_dir, rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
216 		r = stat(path, &st);
217 		free(path);
218 		if (r >= 0)
219 			break;
220 	}
221 	/* Switch back to privileged uid. */
222 	restore_uid();
223 
224 	/*
225 	 * Deny if The user has no .shosts or .rhosts file and there
226 	 * are no system-wide files.
227 	 */
228 	if (!rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index] &&
229 	    stat(_PATH_RHOSTS_EQUIV, &st) == -1 &&
230 	    stat(_PATH_SSH_HOSTS_EQUIV, &st) == -1) {
231 		debug3_f("no hosts access files exist");
232 		return 0;
233 	}
234 
235 	/*
236 	 * If not logging in as superuser, try /etc/hosts.equiv and
237 	 * shosts.equiv.
238 	 */
239 	if (pw->pw_uid == 0)
240 		debug3_f("root user, ignoring system hosts files");
241 	else {
242 		if (check_rhosts_file(_PATH_RHOSTS_EQUIV, hostname, ipaddr,
243 		    client_user, pw->pw_name)) {
244 			auth_debug_add("Accepted for %.100s [%.100s] by "
245 			    "/etc/hosts.equiv.", hostname, ipaddr);
246 			return 1;
247 		}
248 		if (check_rhosts_file(_PATH_SSH_HOSTS_EQUIV, hostname, ipaddr,
249 		    client_user, pw->pw_name)) {
250 			auth_debug_add("Accepted for %.100s [%.100s] by "
251 			    "%.100s.", hostname, ipaddr, _PATH_SSH_HOSTS_EQUIV);
252 			return 1;
253 		}
254 	}
255 
256 	/*
257 	 * Check that the home directory is owned by root or the user, and is
258 	 * not group or world writable.
259 	 */
260 	if (stat(pw->pw_dir, &st) == -1) {
261 		logit("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
262 		    "no home directory %.200s", pw->pw_name, pw->pw_dir);
263 		auth_debug_add("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
264 		    "no home directory %.200s", pw->pw_name, pw->pw_dir);
265 		return 0;
266 	}
267 	if (options.strict_modes &&
268 	    ((st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) ||
269 	    (st.st_mode & 022) != 0)) {
270 		logit("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
271 		    "bad ownership or modes for home directory.", pw->pw_name);
272 		auth_debug_add("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
273 		    "bad ownership or modes for home directory.", pw->pw_name);
274 		return 0;
275 	}
276 	/* Temporarily use the user's uid. */
277 	temporarily_use_uid(pw);
278 
279 	/* Check all .rhosts files (currently .shosts and .rhosts). */
280 	for (rhosts_file_index = 0; rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index];
281 	    rhosts_file_index++) {
282 		/* Check users .rhosts or .shosts. */
283 		xasprintf(&path, "%s/%s",
284 		    pw->pw_dir, rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
285 		if (stat(path, &st) == -1) {
286 			free(path);
287 			continue;
288 		}
289 
290 		/*
291 		 * Make sure that the file is either owned by the user or by
292 		 * root, and make sure it is not writable by anyone but the
293 		 * owner.  This is to help avoid novices accidentally
294 		 * allowing access to their account by anyone.
295 		 */
296 		if (options.strict_modes &&
297 		    ((st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) ||
298 		    (st.st_mode & 022) != 0)) {
299 			logit("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
300 			    "bad modes for %.200s", pw->pw_name, path);
301 			auth_debug_add("Bad file modes for %.200s", path);
302 			free(path);
303 			continue;
304 		}
305 		/*
306 		 * Check if we have been configured to ignore .rhosts
307 		 * and .shosts files.
308 		 */
309 		if (options.ignore_rhosts == IGNORE_RHOSTS_YES ||
310 		    (options.ignore_rhosts == IGNORE_RHOSTS_SHOSTS &&
311 		    strcmp(rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index], ".shosts") != 0)) {
312 			auth_debug_add("Server has been configured to "
313 			    "ignore %.100s.", rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
314 			free(path);
315 			continue;
316 		}
317 		/* Check if authentication is permitted by the file. */
318 		if (check_rhosts_file(path, hostname, ipaddr,
319 		    client_user, pw->pw_name)) {
320 			auth_debug_add("Accepted by %.100s.",
321 			    rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
322 			/* Restore the privileged uid. */
323 			restore_uid();
324 			auth_debug_add("Accepted host %s ip %s client_user "
325 			    "%s server_user %s", hostname, ipaddr,
326 			    client_user, pw->pw_name);
327 			free(path);
328 			return 1;
329 		}
330 		free(path);
331 	}
332 
333 	/* Restore the privileged uid. */
334 	restore_uid();
335 	return 0;
336 }
337