xref: /freebsd/contrib/wpa/src/utils/json.c (revision 8ddb146abcdf061be9f2c0db7e391697dafad85c)
1 /*
2  * JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) parser (RFC7159)
3  * Copyright (c) 2017, Qualcomm Atheros, Inc.
4  *
5  * This software may be distributed under the terms of the BSD license.
6  * See README for more details.
7  */
8 
9 #include "includes.h"
10 
11 #include "common.h"
12 #include "base64.h"
13 #include "json.h"
14 
15 #define JSON_MAX_DEPTH 10
16 #define JSON_MAX_TOKENS 500
17 
18 
19 void json_escape_string(char *txt, size_t maxlen, const char *data, size_t len)
20 {
21 	char *end = txt + maxlen;
22 	size_t i;
23 
24 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
25 		if (txt + 4 >= end)
26 			break;
27 
28 		switch (data[i]) {
29 		case '\"':
30 			*txt++ = '\\';
31 			*txt++ = '\"';
32 			break;
33 		case '\\':
34 			*txt++ = '\\';
35 			*txt++ = '\\';
36 			break;
37 		case '\n':
38 			*txt++ = '\\';
39 			*txt++ = 'n';
40 			break;
41 		case '\r':
42 			*txt++ = '\\';
43 			*txt++ = 'r';
44 			break;
45 		case '\t':
46 			*txt++ = '\\';
47 			*txt++ = 't';
48 			break;
49 		default:
50 			if (data[i] >= 32 && data[i] <= 126) {
51 				*txt++ = data[i];
52 			} else {
53 				txt += os_snprintf(txt, end - txt, "\\u%04x",
54 						   (unsigned char) data[i]);
55 			}
56 			break;
57 		}
58 	}
59 
60 	*txt = '\0';
61 }
62 
63 
64 static char * json_parse_string(const char **json_pos, const char *end)
65 {
66 	const char *pos = *json_pos;
67 	char *str, *spos, *s_end;
68 	size_t max_len, buf_len;
69 	u8 bin[2];
70 
71 	pos++; /* skip starting quote */
72 
73 	max_len = end - pos + 1;
74 	buf_len = max_len > 10 ? 10 : max_len;
75 	str = os_malloc(buf_len);
76 	if (!str)
77 		return NULL;
78 	spos = str;
79 	s_end = str + buf_len;
80 
81 	for (; pos < end; pos++) {
82 		if (buf_len < max_len && s_end - spos < 3) {
83 			char *tmp;
84 			int idx;
85 
86 			idx = spos - str;
87 			buf_len *= 2;
88 			if (buf_len > max_len)
89 				buf_len = max_len;
90 			tmp = os_realloc(str, buf_len);
91 			if (!tmp)
92 				goto fail;
93 			str = tmp;
94 			spos = str + idx;
95 			s_end = str + buf_len;
96 		}
97 
98 		switch (*pos) {
99 		case '\"': /* end string */
100 			*spos = '\0';
101 			/* caller will move to the next position */
102 			*json_pos = pos;
103 			return str;
104 		case '\\':
105 			pos++;
106 			if (pos >= end) {
107 				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
108 					   "JSON: Truncated \\ escape");
109 				goto fail;
110 			}
111 			switch (*pos) {
112 			case '"':
113 			case '\\':
114 			case '/':
115 				*spos++ = *pos;
116 				break;
117 			case 'n':
118 				*spos++ = '\n';
119 				break;
120 			case 'r':
121 				*spos++ = '\r';
122 				break;
123 			case 't':
124 				*spos++ = '\t';
125 				break;
126 			case 'u':
127 				if (end - pos < 5 ||
128 				    hexstr2bin(pos + 1, bin, 2) < 0 ||
129 				    bin[1] == 0x00) {
130 					wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
131 						   "JSON: Invalid \\u escape");
132 					goto fail;
133 				}
134 				if (bin[0] == 0x00) {
135 					*spos++ = bin[1];
136 				} else {
137 					*spos++ = bin[0];
138 					*spos++ = bin[1];
139 				}
140 				pos += 4;
141 				break;
142 			default:
143 				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
144 					   "JSON: Unknown escape '%c'", *pos);
145 				goto fail;
146 			}
147 			break;
148 		default:
149 			*spos++ = *pos;
150 			break;
151 		}
152 	}
153 
154 fail:
155 	os_free(str);
156 	return NULL;
157 }
158 
159 
160 static int json_parse_number(const char **json_pos, const char *end,
161 			     int *ret_val)
162 {
163 	const char *pos = *json_pos;
164 	size_t len;
165 	char *str;
166 
167 	for (; pos < end; pos++) {
168 		if (*pos != '-' && (*pos < '0' || *pos > '9')) {
169 			pos--;
170 			break;
171 		}
172 	}
173 	if (pos == end)
174 		pos--;
175 	if (pos < *json_pos)
176 		return -1;
177 	len = pos - *json_pos + 1;
178 	str = os_malloc(len + 1);
179 	if (!str)
180 		return -1;
181 	os_memcpy(str, *json_pos, len);
182 	str[len] = '\0';
183 
184 	*ret_val = atoi(str);
185 	os_free(str);
186 	*json_pos = pos;
187 	return 0;
188 }
189 
190 
191 static int json_check_tree_state(struct json_token *token)
192 {
193 	if (!token)
194 		return 0;
195 	if (json_check_tree_state(token->child) < 0 ||
196 	    json_check_tree_state(token->sibling) < 0)
197 		return -1;
198 	if (token->state != JSON_COMPLETED) {
199 		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
200 			   "JSON: Unexpected token state %d (name=%s type=%d)",
201 			   token->state, token->name ? token->name : "N/A",
202 			   token->type);
203 		return -1;
204 	}
205 	return 0;
206 }
207 
208 
209 static struct json_token * json_alloc_token(unsigned int *tokens)
210 {
211 	(*tokens)++;
212 	if (*tokens > JSON_MAX_TOKENS) {
213 		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "JSON: Maximum token limit exceeded");
214 		return NULL;
215 	}
216 	return os_zalloc(sizeof(struct json_token));
217 }
218 
219 
220 struct json_token * json_parse(const char *data, size_t data_len)
221 {
222 	struct json_token *root = NULL, *curr_token = NULL, *token = NULL;
223 	const char *pos, *end;
224 	char *str;
225 	int num;
226 	unsigned int depth = 0;
227 	unsigned int tokens = 0;
228 
229 	pos = data;
230 	end = data + data_len;
231 
232 	for (; pos < end; pos++) {
233 		switch (*pos) {
234 		case '[': /* start array */
235 		case '{': /* start object */
236 			if (!curr_token) {
237 				token = json_alloc_token(&tokens);
238 				if (!token)
239 					goto fail;
240 				if (!root)
241 					root = token;
242 			} else if (curr_token->state == JSON_WAITING_VALUE) {
243 				token = curr_token;
244 			} else if (curr_token->parent &&
245 				   curr_token->parent->type == JSON_ARRAY &&
246 				   curr_token->parent->state == JSON_STARTED &&
247 				   curr_token->state == JSON_EMPTY) {
248 				token = curr_token;
249 			} else {
250 				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
251 					   "JSON: Invalid state for start array/object");
252 				goto fail;
253 			}
254 			depth++;
255 			if (depth > JSON_MAX_DEPTH) {
256 				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
257 					   "JSON: Max depth exceeded");
258 				goto fail;
259 			}
260 			token->type = *pos == '[' ? JSON_ARRAY : JSON_OBJECT;
261 			token->state = JSON_STARTED;
262 			token->child = json_alloc_token(&tokens);
263 			if (!token->child)
264 				goto fail;
265 			curr_token = token->child;
266 			curr_token->parent = token;
267 			curr_token->state = JSON_EMPTY;
268 			break;
269 		case ']': /* end array */
270 		case '}': /* end object */
271 			if (!curr_token || !curr_token->parent ||
272 			    curr_token->parent->state != JSON_STARTED) {
273 				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
274 					   "JSON: Invalid state for end array/object");
275 				goto fail;
276 			}
277 			depth--;
278 			curr_token = curr_token->parent;
279 			if ((*pos == ']' &&
280 			     curr_token->type != JSON_ARRAY) ||
281 			    (*pos == '}' &&
282 			     curr_token->type != JSON_OBJECT)) {
283 				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
284 					   "JSON: Array/Object mismatch");
285 				goto fail;
286 			}
287 			if (curr_token->child->state == JSON_EMPTY &&
288 			    !curr_token->child->child &&
289 			    !curr_token->child->sibling) {
290 				/* Remove pending child token since the
291 				 * array/object was empty. */
292 				json_free(curr_token->child);
293 				curr_token->child = NULL;
294 			}
295 			curr_token->state = JSON_COMPLETED;
296 			break;
297 		case '\"': /* string */
298 			str = json_parse_string(&pos, end);
299 			if (!str)
300 				goto fail;
301 			if (!curr_token) {
302 				token = json_alloc_token(&tokens);
303 				if (!token) {
304 					os_free(str);
305 					goto fail;
306 				}
307 				token->type = JSON_STRING;
308 				token->string = str;
309 				token->state = JSON_COMPLETED;
310 			} else if (curr_token->parent &&
311 				   curr_token->parent->type == JSON_ARRAY &&
312 				   curr_token->parent->state == JSON_STARTED &&
313 				   curr_token->state == JSON_EMPTY) {
314 				curr_token->string = str;
315 				curr_token->state = JSON_COMPLETED;
316 				curr_token->type = JSON_STRING;
317 				wpa_printf(MSG_MSGDUMP,
318 					   "JSON: String value: '%s'",
319 					   curr_token->string);
320 			} else if (curr_token->state == JSON_EMPTY) {
321 				curr_token->type = JSON_VALUE;
322 				curr_token->name = str;
323 				curr_token->state = JSON_STARTED;
324 			} else if (curr_token->state == JSON_WAITING_VALUE) {
325 				curr_token->string = str;
326 				curr_token->state = JSON_COMPLETED;
327 				curr_token->type = JSON_STRING;
328 				wpa_printf(MSG_MSGDUMP,
329 					   "JSON: String value: '%s' = '%s'",
330 					   curr_token->name,
331 					   curr_token->string);
332 			} else {
333 				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
334 					   "JSON: Invalid state for a string");
335 				os_free(str);
336 				goto fail;
337 			}
338 			break;
339 		case ' ':
340 		case '\t':
341 		case '\r':
342 		case '\n':
343 			/* ignore whitespace */
344 			break;
345 		case ':': /* name/value separator */
346 			if (!curr_token || curr_token->state != JSON_STARTED)
347 				goto fail;
348 			curr_token->state = JSON_WAITING_VALUE;
349 			break;
350 		case ',': /* member separator */
351 			if (!curr_token)
352 				goto fail;
353 			curr_token->sibling = json_alloc_token(&tokens);
354 			if (!curr_token->sibling)
355 				goto fail;
356 			curr_token->sibling->parent = curr_token->parent;
357 			curr_token = curr_token->sibling;
358 			curr_token->state = JSON_EMPTY;
359 			break;
360 		case 't': /* true */
361 		case 'f': /* false */
362 		case 'n': /* null */
363 			if (!((end - pos >= 4 &&
364 			       os_strncmp(pos, "true", 4) == 0) ||
365 			      (end - pos >= 5 &&
366 			       os_strncmp(pos, "false", 5) == 0) ||
367 			      (end - pos >= 4 &&
368 			       os_strncmp(pos, "null", 4) == 0))) {
369 				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
370 					   "JSON: Invalid literal name");
371 				goto fail;
372 			}
373 			if (!curr_token) {
374 				token = json_alloc_token(&tokens);
375 				if (!token)
376 					goto fail;
377 				curr_token = token;
378 			} else if (curr_token->state == JSON_WAITING_VALUE) {
379 				wpa_printf(MSG_MSGDUMP,
380 					   "JSON: Literal name: '%s' = %c",
381 					   curr_token->name, *pos);
382 			} else if (curr_token->parent &&
383 				   curr_token->parent->type == JSON_ARRAY &&
384 				   curr_token->parent->state == JSON_STARTED &&
385 				   curr_token->state == JSON_EMPTY) {
386 				wpa_printf(MSG_MSGDUMP,
387 					   "JSON: Literal name: %c", *pos);
388 			} else {
389 				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
390 					   "JSON: Invalid state for a literal name");
391 				goto fail;
392 			}
393 			switch (*pos) {
394 			case 't':
395 				curr_token->type = JSON_BOOLEAN;
396 				curr_token->number = 1;
397 				pos += 3;
398 				break;
399 			case 'f':
400 				curr_token->type = JSON_BOOLEAN;
401 				curr_token->number = 0;
402 				pos += 4;
403 				break;
404 			case 'n':
405 				curr_token->type = JSON_NULL;
406 				pos += 3;
407 				break;
408 			}
409 			curr_token->state = JSON_COMPLETED;
410 			break;
411 		case '-':
412 		case '0':
413 		case '1':
414 		case '2':
415 		case '3':
416 		case '4':
417 		case '5':
418 		case '6':
419 		case '7':
420 		case '8':
421 		case '9':
422 			/* number */
423 			if (json_parse_number(&pos, end, &num) < 0)
424 				goto fail;
425 			if (!curr_token) {
426 				token = json_alloc_token(&tokens);
427 				if (!token)
428 					goto fail;
429 				token->type = JSON_NUMBER;
430 				token->number = num;
431 				token->state = JSON_COMPLETED;
432 			} else if (curr_token->state == JSON_WAITING_VALUE) {
433 				curr_token->number = num;
434 				curr_token->state = JSON_COMPLETED;
435 				curr_token->type = JSON_NUMBER;
436 				wpa_printf(MSG_MSGDUMP,
437 					   "JSON: Number value: '%s' = '%d'",
438 					   curr_token->name,
439 					   curr_token->number);
440 			} else if (curr_token->parent &&
441 				   curr_token->parent->type == JSON_ARRAY &&
442 				   curr_token->parent->state == JSON_STARTED &&
443 				   curr_token->state == JSON_EMPTY) {
444 				curr_token->number = num;
445 				curr_token->state = JSON_COMPLETED;
446 				curr_token->type = JSON_NUMBER;
447 				wpa_printf(MSG_MSGDUMP,
448 					   "JSON: Number value: %d",
449 					   curr_token->number);
450 			} else {
451 				wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
452 					   "JSON: Invalid state for a number");
453 				goto fail;
454 			}
455 			break;
456 		default:
457 			wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
458 				   "JSON: Unexpected JSON character: %c", *pos);
459 			goto fail;
460 		}
461 
462 		if (!root)
463 			root = token;
464 		if (!curr_token)
465 			curr_token = token;
466 	}
467 
468 	if (json_check_tree_state(root) < 0) {
469 		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "JSON: Incomplete token in the tree");
470 		goto fail;
471 	}
472 
473 	return root;
474 fail:
475 	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "JSON: Parsing failed");
476 	json_free(root);
477 	return NULL;
478 }
479 
480 
481 void json_free(struct json_token *json)
482 {
483 	if (!json)
484 		return;
485 	json_free(json->child);
486 	json_free(json->sibling);
487 	os_free(json->name);
488 	os_free(json->string);
489 	os_free(json);
490 }
491 
492 
493 struct json_token * json_get_member(struct json_token *json, const char *name)
494 {
495 	struct json_token *token, *ret = NULL;
496 
497 	if (!json || json->type != JSON_OBJECT)
498 		return NULL;
499 	/* Return last matching entry */
500 	for (token = json->child; token; token = token->sibling) {
501 		if (token->name && os_strcmp(token->name, name) == 0)
502 			ret = token;
503 	}
504 	return ret;
505 }
506 
507 
508 struct wpabuf * json_get_member_base64url(struct json_token *json,
509 					  const char *name)
510 {
511 	struct json_token *token;
512 	unsigned char *buf;
513 	size_t buflen;
514 	struct wpabuf *ret;
515 
516 	token = json_get_member(json, name);
517 	if (!token || token->type != JSON_STRING)
518 		return NULL;
519 	buf = base64_url_decode(token->string, os_strlen(token->string),
520 				&buflen);
521 	if (!buf)
522 		return NULL;
523 	ret = wpabuf_alloc_ext_data(buf, buflen);
524 	if (!ret)
525 		os_free(buf);
526 
527 	return ret;
528 }
529 
530 
531 struct wpabuf * json_get_member_base64(struct json_token *json,
532 				       const char *name)
533 {
534 	struct json_token *token;
535 	unsigned char *buf;
536 	size_t buflen;
537 	struct wpabuf *ret;
538 
539 	token = json_get_member(json, name);
540 	if (!token || token->type != JSON_STRING)
541 		return NULL;
542 	buf = base64_decode(token->string, os_strlen(token->string), &buflen);
543 	if (!buf)
544 		return NULL;
545 	ret = wpabuf_alloc_ext_data(buf, buflen);
546 	if (!ret)
547 		os_free(buf);
548 
549 	return ret;
550 }
551 
552 
553 static const char * json_type_str(enum json_type type)
554 {
555 	switch (type) {
556 	case JSON_VALUE:
557 		return "VALUE";
558 	case JSON_OBJECT:
559 		return "OBJECT";
560 	case JSON_ARRAY:
561 		return "ARRAY";
562 	case JSON_STRING:
563 		return "STRING";
564 	case JSON_NUMBER:
565 		return "NUMBER";
566 	case JSON_BOOLEAN:
567 		return "BOOLEAN";
568 	case JSON_NULL:
569 		return "NULL";
570 	}
571 	return "??";
572 }
573 
574 
575 static void json_print_token(struct json_token *token, int depth,
576 			     char *buf, size_t buflen)
577 {
578 	size_t len;
579 	int ret;
580 
581 	if (!token)
582 		return;
583 	len = os_strlen(buf);
584 	ret = os_snprintf(buf + len, buflen - len, "[%d:%s:%s]",
585 			  depth, json_type_str(token->type),
586 			  token->name ? token->name : "");
587 	if (os_snprintf_error(buflen - len, ret)) {
588 		buf[len] = '\0';
589 		return;
590 	}
591 	json_print_token(token->child, depth + 1, buf, buflen);
592 	json_print_token(token->sibling, depth, buf, buflen);
593 }
594 
595 
596 void json_print_tree(struct json_token *root, char *buf, size_t buflen)
597 {
598 	buf[0] = '\0';
599 	json_print_token(root, 1, buf, buflen);
600 }
601 
602 
603 void json_add_int(struct wpabuf *json, const char *name, int val)
604 {
605 	wpabuf_printf(json, "\"%s\":%d", name, val);
606 }
607 
608 
609 void json_add_string(struct wpabuf *json, const char *name, const char *val)
610 {
611 	wpabuf_printf(json, "\"%s\":\"%s\"", name, val);
612 }
613 
614 
615 int json_add_string_escape(struct wpabuf *json, const char *name,
616 			   const void *val, size_t len)
617 {
618 	char *tmp;
619 	size_t tmp_len = 6 * len + 1;
620 
621 	tmp = os_malloc(tmp_len);
622 	if (!tmp)
623 		return -1;
624 	json_escape_string(tmp, tmp_len, val, len);
625 	json_add_string(json, name, tmp);
626 	bin_clear_free(tmp, tmp_len);
627 	return 0;
628 }
629 
630 
631 int json_add_base64url(struct wpabuf *json, const char *name, const void *val,
632 		       size_t len)
633 {
634 	char *b64;
635 
636 	b64 = base64_url_encode(val, len, NULL);
637 	if (!b64)
638 		return -1;
639 	json_add_string(json, name, b64);
640 	os_free(b64);
641 	return 0;
642 }
643 
644 
645 int json_add_base64(struct wpabuf *json, const char *name, const void *val,
646 		    size_t len)
647 {
648 	char *b64;
649 
650 	b64 = base64_encode_no_lf(val, len, NULL);
651 	if (!b64)
652 		return -1;
653 	json_add_string(json, name, b64);
654 	os_free(b64);
655 	return 0;
656 }
657 
658 
659 void json_start_object(struct wpabuf *json, const char *name)
660 {
661 	if (name)
662 		wpabuf_printf(json, "\"%s\":", name);
663 	wpabuf_put_u8(json, '{');
664 }
665 
666 
667 void json_end_object(struct wpabuf *json)
668 {
669 	wpabuf_put_u8(json, '}');
670 }
671 
672 
673 void json_start_array(struct wpabuf *json, const char *name)
674 {
675 	if (name)
676 		wpabuf_printf(json, "\"%s\":", name);
677 	wpabuf_put_u8(json, '[');
678 }
679 
680 
681 void json_end_array(struct wpabuf *json)
682 {
683 	wpabuf_put_u8(json, ']');
684 }
685 
686 
687 void json_value_sep(struct wpabuf *json)
688 {
689 	wpabuf_put_u8(json, ',');
690 }
691