xref: /freebsd/contrib/tcpdump/print-bootp.c (revision d37eb51047221dc3322b34db1038ff3aa533883f)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions
7  * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2)
8  * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and
9  * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials
10  * provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning
11  * features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement:
12  * ``This product includes software developed by the University of California,
13  * Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of
14  * the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse
15  * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
16  * written permission.
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
18  * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
19  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
20  */
21 
22 /* \summary: BOOTP and IPv4 DHCP printer */
23 
24 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
25 #include <config.h>
26 #endif
27 
28 #include "netdissect-stdinc.h"
29 
30 #include <string.h>
31 
32 #include "netdissect.h"
33 #include "addrtoname.h"
34 #include "extract.h"
35 
36 
37 /*
38  * Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP).  RFC951 and RFC1048.
39  *
40  * This file specifies the "implementation-independent" BOOTP protocol
41  * information which is common to both client and server.
42  *
43  * Copyright 1988 by Carnegie Mellon.
44  *
45  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this program for any
46  * purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided that this copyright
47  * and permission notice appear on all copies and supporting documentation,
48  * the name of Carnegie Mellon not be used in advertising or publicity
49  * pertaining to distribution of the program without specific prior
50  * permission, and notice be given in supporting documentation that copying
51  * and distribution is by permission of Carnegie Mellon and Stanford
52  * University.  Carnegie Mellon makes no representations about the
53  * suitability of this software for any purpose.  It is provided "as is"
54  * without express or implied warranty.
55  */
56 
57 struct bootp {
58 	nd_uint8_t	bp_op;		/* packet opcode type */
59 	nd_uint8_t	bp_htype;	/* hardware addr type */
60 	nd_uint8_t	bp_hlen;	/* hardware addr length */
61 	nd_uint8_t	bp_hops;	/* gateway hops */
62 	nd_uint32_t	bp_xid;		/* transaction ID */
63 	nd_uint16_t	bp_secs;	/* seconds since boot began */
64 	nd_uint16_t	bp_flags;	/* flags - see bootp_flag_values[]
65 					   in print-bootp.c */
66 	nd_ipv4		bp_ciaddr;	/* client IP address */
67 	nd_ipv4		bp_yiaddr;	/* 'your' IP address */
68 	nd_ipv4		bp_siaddr;	/* server IP address */
69 	nd_ipv4		bp_giaddr;	/* gateway IP address */
70 	nd_byte		bp_chaddr[16];	/* client hardware address */
71 	nd_byte		bp_sname[64];	/* server host name */
72 	nd_byte		bp_file[128];	/* boot file name */
73 	nd_byte		bp_vend[64];	/* vendor-specific area */
74 };
75 
76 #define BOOTPREPLY	2
77 #define BOOTPREQUEST	1
78 
79 /*
80  * Vendor magic cookie (v_magic) for CMU
81  */
82 #define VM_CMU		"CMU"
83 
84 /*
85  * Vendor magic cookie (v_magic) for RFC1048
86  */
87 #define VM_RFC1048	{ 99, 130, 83, 99 }
88 
89 /*
90  * RFC1048 tag values used to specify what information is being supplied in
91  * the vendor field of the packet.
92  */
93 
94 #define TAG_PAD			((uint8_t)   0)
95 #define TAG_SUBNET_MASK		((uint8_t)   1)
96 #define TAG_TIME_OFFSET		((uint8_t)   2)
97 #define TAG_GATEWAY		((uint8_t)   3)
98 #define TAG_TIME_SERVER		((uint8_t)   4)
99 #define TAG_NAME_SERVER		((uint8_t)   5)
100 #define TAG_DOMAIN_SERVER	((uint8_t)   6)
101 #define TAG_LOG_SERVER		((uint8_t)   7)
102 #define TAG_COOKIE_SERVER	((uint8_t)   8)
103 #define TAG_LPR_SERVER		((uint8_t)   9)
104 #define TAG_IMPRESS_SERVER	((uint8_t)  10)
105 #define TAG_RLP_SERVER		((uint8_t)  11)
106 #define TAG_HOSTNAME		((uint8_t)  12)
107 #define TAG_BOOTSIZE		((uint8_t)  13)
108 #define TAG_END			((uint8_t) 255)
109 /* RFC1497 tags */
110 #define	TAG_DUMPPATH		((uint8_t)  14)
111 #define	TAG_DOMAINNAME		((uint8_t)  15)
112 #define	TAG_SWAP_SERVER		((uint8_t)  16)
113 #define	TAG_ROOTPATH		((uint8_t)  17)
114 #define	TAG_EXTPATH		((uint8_t)  18)
115 /* RFC2132 */
116 #define	TAG_IP_FORWARD		((uint8_t)  19)
117 #define	TAG_NL_SRCRT		((uint8_t)  20)
118 #define	TAG_PFILTERS		((uint8_t)  21)
119 #define	TAG_REASS_SIZE		((uint8_t)  22)
120 #define	TAG_DEF_TTL		((uint8_t)  23)
121 #define	TAG_MTU_TIMEOUT		((uint8_t)  24)
122 #define	TAG_MTU_TABLE		((uint8_t)  25)
123 #define	TAG_INT_MTU		((uint8_t)  26)
124 #define	TAG_LOCAL_SUBNETS	((uint8_t)  27)
125 #define	TAG_BROAD_ADDR		((uint8_t)  28)
126 #define	TAG_DO_MASK_DISC	((uint8_t)  29)
127 #define	TAG_SUPPLY_MASK		((uint8_t)  30)
128 #define	TAG_DO_RDISC		((uint8_t)  31)
129 #define	TAG_RTR_SOL_ADDR	((uint8_t)  32)
130 #define	TAG_STATIC_ROUTE	((uint8_t)  33)
131 #define	TAG_USE_TRAILERS	((uint8_t)  34)
132 #define	TAG_ARP_TIMEOUT		((uint8_t)  35)
133 #define	TAG_ETH_ENCAP		((uint8_t)  36)
134 #define	TAG_TCP_TTL		((uint8_t)  37)
135 #define	TAG_TCP_KEEPALIVE	((uint8_t)  38)
136 #define	TAG_KEEPALIVE_GO	((uint8_t)  39)
137 #define	TAG_NIS_DOMAIN		((uint8_t)  40)
138 #define	TAG_NIS_SERVERS		((uint8_t)  41)
139 #define	TAG_NTP_SERVERS		((uint8_t)  42)
140 #define	TAG_VENDOR_OPTS		((uint8_t)  43)
141 #define	TAG_NETBIOS_NS		((uint8_t)  44)
142 #define	TAG_NETBIOS_DDS		((uint8_t)  45)
143 #define	TAG_NETBIOS_NODE	((uint8_t)  46)
144 #define	TAG_NETBIOS_SCOPE	((uint8_t)  47)
145 #define	TAG_XWIN_FS		((uint8_t)  48)
146 #define	TAG_XWIN_DM		((uint8_t)  49)
147 #define	TAG_NIS_P_DOMAIN	((uint8_t)  64)
148 #define	TAG_NIS_P_SERVERS	((uint8_t)  65)
149 #define	TAG_MOBILE_HOME		((uint8_t)  68)
150 #define	TAG_SMPT_SERVER		((uint8_t)  69)
151 #define	TAG_POP3_SERVER		((uint8_t)  70)
152 #define	TAG_NNTP_SERVER		((uint8_t)  71)
153 #define	TAG_WWW_SERVER		((uint8_t)  72)
154 #define	TAG_FINGER_SERVER	((uint8_t)  73)
155 #define	TAG_IRC_SERVER		((uint8_t)  74)
156 #define	TAG_STREETTALK_SRVR	((uint8_t)  75)
157 #define	TAG_STREETTALK_STDA	((uint8_t)  76)
158 /* DHCP options */
159 #define	TAG_REQUESTED_IP	((uint8_t)  50)
160 #define	TAG_IP_LEASE		((uint8_t)  51)
161 #define	TAG_OPT_OVERLOAD	((uint8_t)  52)
162 #define	TAG_TFTP_SERVER		((uint8_t)  66)
163 #define	TAG_BOOTFILENAME	((uint8_t)  67)
164 #define	TAG_DHCP_MESSAGE	((uint8_t)  53)
165 #define	TAG_SERVER_ID		((uint8_t)  54)
166 #define	TAG_PARM_REQUEST	((uint8_t)  55)
167 #define	TAG_MESSAGE		((uint8_t)  56)
168 #define	TAG_MAX_MSG_SIZE	((uint8_t)  57)
169 #define	TAG_RENEWAL_TIME	((uint8_t)  58)
170 #define	TAG_REBIND_TIME		((uint8_t)  59)
171 #define	TAG_VENDOR_CLASS	((uint8_t)  60)
172 #define	TAG_CLIENT_ID		((uint8_t)  61)
173 /* RFC 2241 */
174 #define	TAG_NDS_SERVERS		((uint8_t)  85)
175 #define	TAG_NDS_TREE_NAME	((uint8_t)  86)
176 #define	TAG_NDS_CONTEXT		((uint8_t)  87)
177 /* RFC 2242 */
178 #define	TAG_NDS_IPDOMAIN	((uint8_t)  62)
179 #define	TAG_NDS_IPINFO		((uint8_t)  63)
180 /* RFC 2485 */
181 #define	TAG_OPEN_GROUP_UAP	((uint8_t)  98)
182 /* RFC 2563 */
183 #define	TAG_DISABLE_AUTOCONF	((uint8_t) 116)
184 /* RFC 2610 */
185 #define	TAG_SLP_DA		((uint8_t)  78)
186 #define	TAG_SLP_SCOPE		((uint8_t)  79)
187 /* RFC 2937 */
188 #define	TAG_NS_SEARCH		((uint8_t) 117)
189 /* RFC 3004 - The User Class Option for DHCP */
190 #define	TAG_USER_CLASS		((uint8_t)  77)
191 /* RFC 3011 */
192 #define	TAG_IP4_SUBNET_SELECT	((uint8_t) 118)
193 /* RFC 3442 */
194 #define TAG_CLASSLESS_STATIC_RT	((uint8_t) 121)
195 #define TAG_CLASSLESS_STA_RT_MS	((uint8_t) 249)
196 /* RFC 5859 - TFTP Server Address Option for DHCPv4 */
197 #define	TAG_TFTP_SERVER_ADDRESS	((uint8_t) 150)
198 /* https://www.iana.org/assignments/bootp-dhcp-parameters/bootp-dhcp-parameters.xhtml */
199 #define	TAG_SLP_NAMING_AUTH	((uint8_t)  80)
200 #define	TAG_CLIENT_FQDN		((uint8_t)  81)
201 #define	TAG_AGENT_CIRCUIT	((uint8_t)  82)
202 #define	TAG_AGENT_REMOTE	((uint8_t)  83)
203 #define	TAG_TZ_STRING		((uint8_t)  88)
204 #define	TAG_FQDN_OPTION		((uint8_t)  89)
205 #define	TAG_AUTH		((uint8_t)  90)
206 #define	TAG_CLIENT_LAST_TRANSACTION_TIME	((uint8_t)  91)
207 #define	TAG_ASSOCIATED_IP			((uint8_t)  92)
208 #define	TAG_CLIENT_ARCH		((uint8_t)  93)
209 #define	TAG_CLIENT_NDI		((uint8_t)  94)
210 #define	TAG_CLIENT_GUID		((uint8_t)  97)
211 #define	TAG_LDAP_URL		((uint8_t)  95)
212 /* RFC 4833, TZ codes */
213 #define	TAG_TZ_PCODE		((uint8_t) 100)
214 #define	TAG_TZ_TCODE		((uint8_t) 101)
215 #define	TAG_NETINFO_PARENT	((uint8_t) 112)
216 #define	TAG_NETINFO_PARENT_TAG	((uint8_t) 113)
217 #define	TAG_URL			((uint8_t) 114)
218 #define TAG_MUDURL              ((uint8_t) 161)
219 
220 /* DHCP Message types (values for TAG_DHCP_MESSAGE option) */
221 #define DHCPDISCOVER	1
222 #define DHCPOFFER	2
223 #define DHCPREQUEST	3
224 #define DHCPDECLINE	4
225 #define DHCPACK		5
226 #define DHCPNAK		6
227 #define DHCPRELEASE	7
228 #define DHCPINFORM	8
229 /* Defined in RFC4388 */
230 #define DHCPLEASEQUERY       10
231 #define DHCPLEASEUNASSIGNED  11
232 #define DHCPLEASEUNKNOWN     12
233 #define DHCPLEASEACTIVE      13
234 
235 
236 /*
237  * "vendor" data permitted for CMU bootp clients.
238  */
239 
240 struct cmu_vend {
241 	nd_byte		v_magic[4];	/* magic number */
242 	nd_uint32_t	v_flags;	/* flags/opcodes, etc. */
243 	nd_ipv4		v_smask;	/* Subnet mask */
244 	nd_ipv4		v_dgate;	/* Default gateway */
245 	nd_ipv4		v_dns1, v_dns2; /* Domain name servers */
246 	nd_ipv4		v_ins1, v_ins2; /* IEN-116 name servers */
247 	nd_ipv4		v_ts1, v_ts2;	/* Time servers */
248 	nd_byte		v_unused[24];	/* currently unused */
249 };
250 
251 
252 /* v_flags values */
253 #define VF_SMASK	1	/* Subnet mask field contains valid data */
254 
255 /* RFC 4702 DHCP Client FQDN Option */
256 
257 #define CLIENT_FQDN_FLAGS_S	0x01
258 #define CLIENT_FQDN_FLAGS_O	0x02
259 #define CLIENT_FQDN_FLAGS_E	0x04
260 #define CLIENT_FQDN_FLAGS_N	0x08
261 /* end of original bootp.h */
262 
263 static void rfc1048_print(netdissect_options *, const u_char *);
264 static void cmu_print(netdissect_options *, const u_char *);
265 static char *client_fqdn_flags(u_int flags);
266 
267 static const struct tok bootp_flag_values[] = {
268 	{ 0x8000,	"Broadcast" },
269 	{ 0, NULL}
270 };
271 
272 static const struct tok bootp_op_values[] = {
273 	{ BOOTPREQUEST,	"Request" },
274 	{ BOOTPREPLY,	"Reply" },
275 	{ 0, NULL}
276 };
277 
278 /*
279  * Print bootp requests
280  */
281 void
282 bootp_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
283 	    const u_char *cp, u_int length)
284 {
285 	const struct bootp *bp;
286 	static const u_char vm_cmu[4] = VM_CMU;
287 	static const u_char vm_rfc1048[4] = VM_RFC1048;
288 	uint8_t bp_op, bp_htype, bp_hlen;
289 
290 	ndo->ndo_protocol = "bootp";
291 	bp = (const struct bootp *)cp;
292 	bp_op = GET_U_1(bp->bp_op);
293 	ND_PRINT("BOOTP/DHCP, %s",
294 		  tok2str(bootp_op_values, "unknown (0x%02x)", bp_op));
295 
296 	bp_htype = GET_U_1(bp->bp_htype);
297 	bp_hlen = GET_U_1(bp->bp_hlen);
298 	if (bp_htype == 1 && bp_hlen == MAC_ADDR_LEN && bp_op == BOOTPREQUEST) {
299 		ND_PRINT(" from %s", GET_ETHERADDR_STRING(bp->bp_chaddr));
300 	}
301 
302 	ND_PRINT(", length %u", length);
303 
304 	if (!ndo->ndo_vflag)
305 		return;
306 
307 	ND_TCHECK_2(bp->bp_secs);
308 
309 	/* The usual hardware address type is 1 (10Mb Ethernet) */
310 	if (bp_htype != 1)
311 		ND_PRINT(", htype %u", bp_htype);
312 
313 	/* The usual length for 10Mb Ethernet address is 6 bytes */
314 	if (bp_htype != 1 || bp_hlen != MAC_ADDR_LEN)
315 		ND_PRINT(", hlen %u", bp_hlen);
316 
317 	/* Only print interesting fields */
318 	if (GET_U_1(bp->bp_hops))
319 		ND_PRINT(", hops %u", GET_U_1(bp->bp_hops));
320 	if (GET_BE_U_4(bp->bp_xid))
321 		ND_PRINT(", xid 0x%x", GET_BE_U_4(bp->bp_xid));
322 	if (GET_BE_U_2(bp->bp_secs))
323 		ND_PRINT(", secs %u", GET_BE_U_2(bp->bp_secs));
324 
325 	ND_PRINT(", Flags [%s]",
326 		  bittok2str(bootp_flag_values, "none", GET_BE_U_2(bp->bp_flags)));
327 	if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1)
328 		ND_PRINT(" (0x%04x)", GET_BE_U_2(bp->bp_flags));
329 
330 	/* Client's ip address */
331 	if (GET_IPV4_TO_NETWORK_ORDER(bp->bp_ciaddr))
332 		ND_PRINT("\n\t  Client-IP %s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(bp->bp_ciaddr));
333 
334 	/* 'your' ip address (bootp client) */
335 	if (GET_IPV4_TO_NETWORK_ORDER(bp->bp_yiaddr))
336 		ND_PRINT("\n\t  Your-IP %s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(bp->bp_yiaddr));
337 
338 	/* Server's ip address */
339 	if (GET_IPV4_TO_NETWORK_ORDER(bp->bp_siaddr))
340 		ND_PRINT("\n\t  Server-IP %s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(bp->bp_siaddr));
341 
342 	/* Gateway's ip address */
343 	if (GET_IPV4_TO_NETWORK_ORDER(bp->bp_giaddr))
344 		ND_PRINT("\n\t  Gateway-IP %s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(bp->bp_giaddr));
345 
346 	/* Client's Ethernet address */
347 	if (bp_htype == 1 && bp_hlen == MAC_ADDR_LEN) {
348 		ND_PRINT("\n\t  Client-Ethernet-Address %s", GET_ETHERADDR_STRING(bp->bp_chaddr));
349 	}
350 
351 	if (GET_U_1(bp->bp_sname)) {	/* get first char only */
352 		ND_PRINT("\n\t  sname \"");
353 		if (nd_printztn(ndo, bp->bp_sname, (u_int)sizeof(bp->bp_sname),
354 				ndo->ndo_snapend) == 0) {
355 			ND_PRINT("\"");
356 			nd_print_trunc(ndo);
357 			return;
358 		}
359 		ND_PRINT("\"");
360 	}
361 	if (GET_U_1(bp->bp_file)) {	/* get first char only */
362 		ND_PRINT("\n\t  file \"");
363 		if (nd_printztn(ndo, bp->bp_file, (u_int)sizeof(bp->bp_file),
364 				ndo->ndo_snapend) == 0) {
365 			ND_PRINT("\"");
366 			nd_print_trunc(ndo);
367 			return;
368 		}
369 		ND_PRINT("\"");
370 	}
371 
372 	/* Decode the vendor buffer */
373 	ND_TCHECK_4(bp->bp_vend);
374 	if (memcmp((const char *)bp->bp_vend, vm_rfc1048,
375 		    sizeof(uint32_t)) == 0)
376 		rfc1048_print(ndo, bp->bp_vend);
377 	else if (memcmp((const char *)bp->bp_vend, vm_cmu,
378 			sizeof(uint32_t)) == 0)
379 		cmu_print(ndo, bp->bp_vend);
380 	else {
381 		uint32_t ul;
382 
383 		ul = GET_BE_U_4(bp->bp_vend);
384 		if (ul != 0)
385 			ND_PRINT("\n\t  Vendor-#0x%x", ul);
386 	}
387 
388 	return;
389 trunc:
390 	nd_print_trunc(ndo);
391 }
392 
393 /*
394  * The first character specifies the format to print:
395  *     i - ip address (32 bits)
396  *     p - ip address pairs (32 bits + 32 bits)
397  *     l - long (32 bits)
398  *     L - unsigned long (32 bits)
399  *     s - short (16 bits)
400  *     b - period-separated decimal bytes (variable length)
401  *     x - colon-separated hex bytes (variable length)
402  *     a - ASCII string (variable length)
403  *     B - on/off (8 bits)
404  *     $ - special (explicit code to handle)
405  */
406 static const struct tok tag2str[] = {
407 /* RFC1048 tags */
408 	{ TAG_PAD,		" PAD" },
409 	{ TAG_SUBNET_MASK,	"iSubnet-Mask" },	/* subnet mask (RFC950) */
410 	{ TAG_TIME_OFFSET,	"LTime-Zone" },	/* seconds from UTC */
411 	{ TAG_GATEWAY,		"iDefault-Gateway" },	/* default gateway */
412 	{ TAG_TIME_SERVER,	"iTime-Server" },	/* time servers (RFC868) */
413 	{ TAG_NAME_SERVER,	"iIEN-Name-Server" },	/* IEN name servers (IEN116) */
414 	{ TAG_DOMAIN_SERVER,	"iDomain-Name-Server" },	/* domain name (RFC1035) */
415 	{ TAG_LOG_SERVER,	"iLOG" },	/* MIT log servers */
416 	{ TAG_COOKIE_SERVER,	"iCS" },	/* cookie servers (RFC865) */
417 	{ TAG_LPR_SERVER,	"iLPR-Server" },	/* lpr server (RFC1179) */
418 	{ TAG_IMPRESS_SERVER,	"iIM" },	/* impress servers (Imagen) */
419 	{ TAG_RLP_SERVER,	"iRL" },	/* resource location (RFC887) */
420 	{ TAG_HOSTNAME,		"aHostname" },	/* ASCII hostname */
421 	{ TAG_BOOTSIZE,		"sBS" },	/* 512 byte blocks */
422 	{ TAG_END,		" END" },
423 /* RFC1497 tags */
424 	{ TAG_DUMPPATH,		"aDP" },
425 	{ TAG_DOMAINNAME,	"aDomain-Name" },
426 	{ TAG_SWAP_SERVER,	"iSS" },
427 	{ TAG_ROOTPATH,		"aRP" },
428 	{ TAG_EXTPATH,		"aEP" },
429 /* RFC2132 tags */
430 	{ TAG_IP_FORWARD,	"BIPF" },
431 	{ TAG_NL_SRCRT,		"BSRT" },
432 	{ TAG_PFILTERS,		"pPF" },
433 	{ TAG_REASS_SIZE,	"sRSZ" },
434 	{ TAG_DEF_TTL,		"bTTL" },
435 	{ TAG_MTU_TIMEOUT,	"lMTU-Timeout" },
436 	{ TAG_MTU_TABLE,	"sMTU-Table" },
437 	{ TAG_INT_MTU,		"sMTU" },
438 	{ TAG_LOCAL_SUBNETS,	"BLSN" },
439 	{ TAG_BROAD_ADDR,	"iBR" },
440 	{ TAG_DO_MASK_DISC,	"BMD" },
441 	{ TAG_SUPPLY_MASK,	"BMS" },
442 	{ TAG_DO_RDISC,		"BRouter-Discovery" },
443 	{ TAG_RTR_SOL_ADDR,	"iRSA" },
444 	{ TAG_STATIC_ROUTE,	"pStatic-Route" },
445 	{ TAG_USE_TRAILERS,	"BUT" },
446 	{ TAG_ARP_TIMEOUT,	"lAT" },
447 	{ TAG_ETH_ENCAP,	"BIE" },
448 	{ TAG_TCP_TTL,		"bTT" },
449 	{ TAG_TCP_KEEPALIVE,	"lKI" },
450 	{ TAG_KEEPALIVE_GO,	"BKG" },
451 	{ TAG_NIS_DOMAIN,	"aYD" },
452 	{ TAG_NIS_SERVERS,	"iYS" },
453 	{ TAG_NTP_SERVERS,	"iNTP" },
454 	{ TAG_VENDOR_OPTS,	"bVendor-Option" },
455 	{ TAG_NETBIOS_NS,	"iNetbios-Name-Server" },
456 	{ TAG_NETBIOS_DDS,	"iWDD" },
457 	{ TAG_NETBIOS_NODE,	"$Netbios-Node" },
458 	{ TAG_NETBIOS_SCOPE,	"aNetbios-Scope" },
459 	{ TAG_XWIN_FS,		"iXFS" },
460 	{ TAG_XWIN_DM,		"iXDM" },
461 	{ TAG_NIS_P_DOMAIN,	"sN+D" },
462 	{ TAG_NIS_P_SERVERS,	"iN+S" },
463 	{ TAG_MOBILE_HOME,	"iMH" },
464 	{ TAG_SMPT_SERVER,	"iSMTP" },
465 	{ TAG_POP3_SERVER,	"iPOP3" },
466 	{ TAG_NNTP_SERVER,	"iNNTP" },
467 	{ TAG_WWW_SERVER,	"iWWW" },
468 	{ TAG_FINGER_SERVER,	"iFG" },
469 	{ TAG_IRC_SERVER,	"iIRC" },
470 	{ TAG_STREETTALK_SRVR,	"iSTS" },
471 	{ TAG_STREETTALK_STDA,	"iSTDA" },
472 	{ TAG_REQUESTED_IP,	"iRequested-IP" },
473 	{ TAG_IP_LEASE,		"lLease-Time" },
474 	{ TAG_OPT_OVERLOAD,	"$OO" },
475 	{ TAG_TFTP_SERVER,	"aTFTP" },
476 	{ TAG_BOOTFILENAME,	"aBF" },
477 	{ TAG_DHCP_MESSAGE,	" DHCP-Message" },
478 	{ TAG_SERVER_ID,	"iServer-ID" },
479 	{ TAG_PARM_REQUEST,	"bParameter-Request" },
480 	{ TAG_MESSAGE,		"aMSG" },
481 	{ TAG_MAX_MSG_SIZE,	"sMSZ" },
482 	{ TAG_RENEWAL_TIME,	"lRN" },
483 	{ TAG_REBIND_TIME,	"lRB" },
484 	{ TAG_VENDOR_CLASS,	"aVendor-Class" },
485 	{ TAG_CLIENT_ID,	"$Client-ID" },
486 /* RFC 2485 */
487 	{ TAG_OPEN_GROUP_UAP,	"aUAP" },
488 /* RFC 2563 */
489 	{ TAG_DISABLE_AUTOCONF,	"BNOAUTO" },
490 /* RFC 2610 */
491 	{ TAG_SLP_DA,		"bSLP-DA" },	/*"b" is a little wrong */
492 	{ TAG_SLP_SCOPE,	"bSLP-SCOPE" },	/*"b" is a little wrong */
493 /* RFC 2937 */
494 	{ TAG_NS_SEARCH,	"sNSSEARCH" },	/* XXX 's' */
495 /* RFC 3004 - The User Class Option for DHCP */
496 	{ TAG_USER_CLASS,	"$User-Class" },
497 /* RFC 3011 */
498 	{ TAG_IP4_SUBNET_SELECT, "iSUBNET" },
499 /* RFC 3442 */
500 	{ TAG_CLASSLESS_STATIC_RT, "$Classless-Static-Route" },
501 	{ TAG_CLASSLESS_STA_RT_MS, "$Classless-Static-Route-Microsoft" },
502 /* RFC 5859 - TFTP Server Address Option for DHCPv4 */
503 	{ TAG_TFTP_SERVER_ADDRESS, "iTFTP-Server-Address" },
504 /* https://www.iana.org/assignments/bootp-dhcp-parameters/bootp-dhcp-parameters.xhtml#options */
505 	{ TAG_SLP_NAMING_AUTH,	"aSLP-NA" },
506 	{ TAG_CLIENT_FQDN,	"$FQDN" },
507 	{ TAG_AGENT_CIRCUIT,	"$Agent-Information" },
508 	{ TAG_AGENT_REMOTE,	"bARMT" },
509 	{ TAG_TZ_STRING,	"aTZSTR" },
510 	{ TAG_FQDN_OPTION,	"bFQDNS" },	/* XXX 'b' */
511 	{ TAG_AUTH,		"bAUTH" },	/* XXX 'b' */
512 	{ TAG_CLIENT_LAST_TRANSACTION_TIME, "LLast-Transaction-Time" },
513 	{ TAG_ASSOCIATED_IP,	"iAssociated-IP" },
514 	{ TAG_CLIENT_ARCH,	"sARCH" },
515 	{ TAG_CLIENT_NDI,	"bNDI" },	/* XXX 'b' */
516 	{ TAG_CLIENT_GUID,	"bGUID" },	/* XXX 'b' */
517 	{ TAG_LDAP_URL,		"aLDAP" },
518 	{ TAG_TZ_PCODE,		"aPOSIX-TZ" },
519 	{ TAG_TZ_TCODE,		"aTZ-Name" },
520 	{ TAG_NETINFO_PARENT,	"iNI" },
521 	{ TAG_NETINFO_PARENT_TAG, "aNITAG" },
522 	{ TAG_URL,		"aURL" },
523 	{ TAG_MUDURL,           "aMUD-URL" },
524 	{ 0, NULL }
525 };
526 
527 /* DHCP "options overload" types */
528 static const struct tok oo2str[] = {
529 	{ 1,	"file" },
530 	{ 2,	"sname" },
531 	{ 3,	"file+sname" },
532 	{ 0, NULL }
533 };
534 
535 /* NETBIOS over TCP/IP node type options */
536 static const struct tok nbo2str[] = {
537 	{ 0x1,	"b-node" },
538 	{ 0x2,	"p-node" },
539 	{ 0x4,	"m-node" },
540 	{ 0x8,	"h-node" },
541 	{ 0, NULL }
542 };
543 
544 /* ARP Hardware types, for Client-ID option */
545 static const struct tok arp2str[] = {
546 	{ 0x1,	"ether" },
547 	{ 0x6,	"ieee802" },
548 	{ 0x7,	"arcnet" },
549 	{ 0xf,	"frelay" },
550 	{ 0x17,	"strip" },
551 	{ 0x18,	"ieee1394" },
552 	{ 0, NULL }
553 };
554 
555 static const struct tok dhcp_msg_values[] = {
556 	{ DHCPDISCOVER,	       "Discover" },
557 	{ DHCPOFFER,	       "Offer" },
558 	{ DHCPREQUEST,	       "Request" },
559 	{ DHCPDECLINE,	       "Decline" },
560 	{ DHCPACK,	       "ACK" },
561 	{ DHCPNAK,	       "NACK" },
562 	{ DHCPRELEASE,	       "Release" },
563 	{ DHCPINFORM,	       "Inform" },
564 	{ DHCPLEASEQUERY,      "LeaseQuery" },
565 	{ DHCPLEASEUNASSIGNED, "LeaseUnassigned" },
566 	{ DHCPLEASEUNKNOWN,    "LeaseUnknown" },
567 	{ DHCPLEASEACTIVE,     "LeaseActive" },
568 	{ 0, NULL }
569 };
570 
571 #define AGENT_SUBOPTION_CIRCUIT_ID	1	/* RFC 3046 */
572 #define AGENT_SUBOPTION_REMOTE_ID	2	/* RFC 3046 */
573 #define AGENT_SUBOPTION_SUBSCRIBER_ID	6	/* RFC 3993 */
574 static const struct tok agent_suboption_values[] = {
575 	{ AGENT_SUBOPTION_CIRCUIT_ID,    "Circuit-ID" },
576 	{ AGENT_SUBOPTION_REMOTE_ID,     "Remote-ID" },
577 	{ AGENT_SUBOPTION_SUBSCRIBER_ID, "Subscriber-ID" },
578 	{ 0, NULL }
579 };
580 
581 
582 static void
583 rfc1048_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
584 	      const u_char *bp)
585 {
586 	uint16_t tag;
587 	u_int len;
588 	const char *cp;
589 	char c;
590 	int first, idx;
591 	uint8_t subopt, suboptlen;
592 
593 	ND_PRINT("\n\t  Vendor-rfc1048 Extensions");
594 
595 	/* Step over magic cookie */
596 	ND_PRINT("\n\t    Magic Cookie 0x%08x", GET_BE_U_4(bp));
597 	bp += sizeof(int32_t);
598 
599 	/* Loop while we there is a tag left in the buffer */
600 	while (ND_TTEST_1(bp)) {
601 		tag = GET_U_1(bp);
602 		bp++;
603 		if (tag == TAG_PAD && ndo->ndo_vflag < 3)
604 			continue;
605 		if (tag == TAG_END && ndo->ndo_vflag < 3)
606 			return;
607 		cp = tok2str(tag2str, "?Unknown", tag);
608 		c = *cp++;
609 
610 		if (tag == TAG_PAD || tag == TAG_END)
611 			len = 0;
612 		else {
613 			/* Get the length; check for truncation */
614 			len = GET_U_1(bp);
615 			bp++;
616 		}
617 
618 		ND_PRINT("\n\t    %s (%u), length %u%s", cp, tag, len,
619 			  len > 0 ? ": " : "");
620 
621 		if (tag == TAG_PAD && ndo->ndo_vflag > 2) {
622 			u_int ntag = 1;
623 			while (ND_TTEST_1(bp) &&
624 			       GET_U_1(bp) == TAG_PAD) {
625 				bp++;
626 				ntag++;
627 			}
628 			if (ntag > 1)
629 				ND_PRINT(", occurs %u", ntag);
630 		}
631 
632 		ND_TCHECK_LEN(bp, len);
633 
634 		if (tag == TAG_DHCP_MESSAGE && len == 1) {
635 			ND_PRINT("%s",
636 				 tok2str(dhcp_msg_values, "Unknown (%u)", GET_U_1(bp)));
637 			bp++;
638 			continue;
639 		}
640 
641 		if (tag == TAG_PARM_REQUEST) {
642 			idx = 0;
643 			while (len > 0) {
644 				uint8_t innertag = GET_U_1(bp);
645 				bp++;
646 				len--;
647 				cp = tok2str(tag2str, "?Unknown", innertag);
648 				if (idx % 4 == 0)
649 					ND_PRINT("\n\t      ");
650 				else
651 					ND_PRINT(", ");
652 				ND_PRINT("%s (%u)", cp + 1, innertag);
653 				idx++;
654 			}
655 			continue;
656 		}
657 
658 		/* Print data */
659 		if (c == '?') {
660 			/* Base default formats for unknown tags on data size */
661 			if (len & 1)
662 				c = 'b';
663 			else if (len & 2)
664 				c = 's';
665 			else
666 				c = 'l';
667 		}
668 		first = 1;
669 		switch (c) {
670 
671 		case 'a':
672 			/* ASCII strings */
673 			ND_PRINT("\"");
674 			if (nd_printn(ndo, bp, len, ndo->ndo_snapend)) {
675 				ND_PRINT("\"");
676 				goto trunc;
677 			}
678 			ND_PRINT("\"");
679 			bp += len;
680 			len = 0;
681 			break;
682 
683 		case 'i':
684 		case 'l':
685 		case 'L':
686 			/* ip addresses/32-bit words */
687 			while (len >= 4) {
688 				if (!first)
689 					ND_PRINT(",");
690 				if (c == 'i')
691 					ND_PRINT("%s", GET_IPADDR_STRING(bp));
692 				else if (c == 'L')
693 					ND_PRINT("%d", GET_BE_S_4(bp));
694 				else
695 					ND_PRINT("%u", GET_BE_U_4(bp));
696 				bp += 4;
697 				len -= 4;
698 				first = 0;
699 			}
700 			break;
701 
702 		case 'p':
703 			/* IP address pairs */
704 			while (len >= 2*4) {
705 				if (!first)
706 					ND_PRINT(",");
707 				ND_PRINT("(%s:", GET_IPADDR_STRING(bp));
708 				bp += 4;
709 				len -= 4;
710 				ND_PRINT("%s)", GET_IPADDR_STRING(bp));
711 				bp += 4;
712 				len -= 4;
713 				first = 0;
714 			}
715 			break;
716 
717 		case 's':
718 			/* shorts */
719 			while (len >= 2) {
720 				if (!first)
721 					ND_PRINT(",");
722 				ND_PRINT("%u", GET_BE_U_2(bp));
723 				bp += 2;
724 				len -= 2;
725 				first = 0;
726 			}
727 			break;
728 
729 		case 'B':
730 			/* boolean */
731 			while (len > 0) {
732 				uint8_t bool_value;
733 				if (!first)
734 					ND_PRINT(",");
735 				bool_value = GET_U_1(bp);
736 				switch (bool_value) {
737 				case 0:
738 					ND_PRINT("N");
739 					break;
740 				case 1:
741 					ND_PRINT("Y");
742 					break;
743 				default:
744 					ND_PRINT("%u?", bool_value);
745 					break;
746 				}
747 				++bp;
748 				--len;
749 				first = 0;
750 			}
751 			break;
752 
753 		case 'b':
754 		case 'x':
755 		default:
756 			/* Bytes */
757 			while (len > 0) {
758 				uint8_t byte_value;
759 				if (!first)
760 					ND_PRINT(c == 'x' ? ":" : ".");
761 				byte_value = GET_U_1(bp);
762 				if (c == 'x')
763 					ND_PRINT("%02x", byte_value);
764 				else
765 					ND_PRINT("%u", byte_value);
766 				++bp;
767 				--len;
768 				first = 0;
769 			}
770 			break;
771 
772 		case '$':
773 			/* Guys we can't handle with one of the usual cases */
774 			switch (tag) {
775 
776 			case TAG_NETBIOS_NODE:
777 				/* this option should be at least 1 byte long */
778 				if (len < 1) {
779 					ND_PRINT("[ERROR: length < 1 bytes]");
780 					break;
781 				}
782 				tag = GET_U_1(bp);
783 				++bp;
784 				--len;
785 				ND_PRINT("%s", tok2str(nbo2str, NULL, tag));
786 				break;
787 
788 			case TAG_OPT_OVERLOAD:
789 				/* this option should be at least 1 byte long */
790 				if (len < 1) {
791 					ND_PRINT("[ERROR: length < 1 bytes]");
792 					break;
793 				}
794 				tag = GET_U_1(bp);
795 				++bp;
796 				--len;
797 				ND_PRINT("%s", tok2str(oo2str, NULL, tag));
798 				break;
799 
800 			case TAG_CLIENT_FQDN:
801 				/* this option should be at least 3 bytes long */
802 				if (len < 3) {
803 					ND_PRINT("[ERROR: length < 3 bytes]");
804 					bp += len;
805 					len = 0;
806 					break;
807 				}
808 				if (GET_U_1(bp) & 0xf0) {
809 					ND_PRINT("[ERROR: MBZ nibble 0x%x != 0] ",
810 						 (GET_U_1(bp) & 0xf0) >> 4);
811 				}
812 				if (GET_U_1(bp) & 0x0f)
813 					ND_PRINT("[%s] ",
814 						 client_fqdn_flags(GET_U_1(bp)));
815 				bp++;
816 				if (GET_U_1(bp) || GET_U_1(bp + 1))
817 					ND_PRINT("%u/%u ", GET_U_1(bp),
818 						 GET_U_1(bp + 1));
819 				bp += 2;
820 				ND_PRINT("\"");
821 				if (nd_printn(ndo, bp, len - 3, ndo->ndo_snapend)) {
822 					ND_PRINT("\"");
823 					goto trunc;
824 				}
825 				ND_PRINT("\"");
826 				bp += len - 3;
827 				len = 0;
828 				break;
829 
830 			case TAG_CLIENT_ID:
831 			    {
832 				int type;
833 
834 				/* this option should be at least 1 byte long */
835 				if (len < 1) {
836 					ND_PRINT("[ERROR: length < 1 bytes]");
837 					break;
838 				}
839 				type = GET_U_1(bp);
840 				bp++;
841 				len--;
842 				if (type == 0) {
843 					ND_PRINT("\"");
844 					if (nd_printn(ndo, bp, len, ndo->ndo_snapend)) {
845 						ND_PRINT("\"");
846 						goto trunc;
847 					}
848 					ND_PRINT("\"");
849 					bp += len;
850 					len = 0;
851 					break;
852 				} else {
853 					ND_PRINT("%s ", tok2str(arp2str, "hardware-type %u,", type));
854 					while (len > 0) {
855 						if (!first)
856 							ND_PRINT(":");
857 						ND_PRINT("%02x", GET_U_1(bp));
858 						++bp;
859 						--len;
860 						first = 0;
861 					}
862 				}
863 				break;
864 			    }
865 
866 			case TAG_AGENT_CIRCUIT:
867 				while (len >= 2) {
868 					subopt = GET_U_1(bp);
869 					suboptlen = GET_U_1(bp + 1);
870 					bp += 2;
871 					len -= 2;
872 					if (suboptlen > len) {
873 						ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s SubOption %u, length %u: length goes past end of option",
874 							  tok2str(agent_suboption_values, "Unknown", subopt),
875 							  subopt,
876 							  suboptlen);
877 						bp += len;
878 						len = 0;
879 						break;
880 					}
881 					ND_PRINT("\n\t      %s SubOption %u, length %u: ",
882 						  tok2str(agent_suboption_values, "Unknown", subopt),
883 						  subopt,
884 						  suboptlen);
885 					switch (subopt) {
886 
887 					case AGENT_SUBOPTION_CIRCUIT_ID: /* fall through */
888 					case AGENT_SUBOPTION_REMOTE_ID:
889 					case AGENT_SUBOPTION_SUBSCRIBER_ID:
890 						if (nd_printn(ndo, bp, suboptlen, ndo->ndo_snapend))
891 							goto trunc;
892 						break;
893 
894 					default:
895 						print_unknown_data(ndo, bp, "\n\t\t", suboptlen);
896 					}
897 
898 					len -= suboptlen;
899 					bp += suboptlen;
900 				}
901 				break;
902 
903 			case TAG_CLASSLESS_STATIC_RT:
904 			case TAG_CLASSLESS_STA_RT_MS:
905 			    {
906 				u_int mask_width, significant_octets, i;
907 
908 				/* this option should be at least 5 bytes long */
909 				if (len < 5) {
910 					ND_PRINT("[ERROR: length < 5 bytes]");
911 					bp += len;
912 					len = 0;
913 					break;
914 				}
915 				while (len > 0) {
916 					if (!first)
917 						ND_PRINT(",");
918 					mask_width = GET_U_1(bp);
919 					bp++;
920 					len--;
921 					/* mask_width <= 32 */
922 					if (mask_width > 32) {
923 						ND_PRINT("[ERROR: Mask width (%u) > 32]", mask_width);
924 						bp += len;
925 						len = 0;
926 						break;
927 					}
928 					significant_octets = (mask_width + 7) / 8;
929 					/* significant octets + router(4) */
930 					if (len < significant_octets + 4) {
931 						ND_PRINT("[ERROR: Remaining length (%u) < %u bytes]", len, significant_octets + 4);
932 						bp += len;
933 						len = 0;
934 						break;
935 					}
936 					ND_PRINT("(");
937 					if (mask_width == 0)
938 						ND_PRINT("default");
939 					else {
940 						for (i = 0; i < significant_octets ; i++) {
941 							if (i > 0)
942 								ND_PRINT(".");
943 							ND_PRINT("%u",
944 								 GET_U_1(bp));
945 							bp++;
946 						}
947 						for (i = significant_octets ; i < 4 ; i++)
948 							ND_PRINT(".0");
949 						ND_PRINT("/%u", mask_width);
950 					}
951 					ND_PRINT(":%s)", GET_IPADDR_STRING(bp));
952 					bp += 4;
953 					len -= (significant_octets + 4);
954 					first = 0;
955 				}
956 				break;
957 			    }
958 
959 			case TAG_USER_CLASS:
960 			    {
961 				u_int suboptnumber = 1;
962 
963 				first = 1;
964 				if (len < 2) {
965 					ND_PRINT("[ERROR: length < 2 bytes]");
966 					bp += len;
967 					len = 0;
968 					break;
969 				}
970 				while (len > 0) {
971 					suboptlen = GET_U_1(bp);
972 					bp++;
973 					len--;
974 					ND_PRINT("\n\t      ");
975 					ND_PRINT("instance#%u: ", suboptnumber);
976 					if (suboptlen == 0) {
977 						ND_PRINT("[ERROR: suboption length must be non-zero]");
978 						bp += len;
979 						len = 0;
980 						break;
981 					}
982 					if (len < suboptlen) {
983 						ND_PRINT("[ERROR: invalid option]");
984 						bp += len;
985 						len = 0;
986 						break;
987 					}
988 					ND_PRINT("\"");
989 					if (nd_printn(ndo, bp, suboptlen, ndo->ndo_snapend)) {
990 						ND_PRINT("\"");
991 						goto trunc;
992 					}
993 					ND_PRINT("\"");
994 					ND_PRINT(", length %u", suboptlen);
995 					suboptnumber++;
996 					len -= suboptlen;
997 					bp += suboptlen;
998 				}
999 				break;
1000 			    }
1001 
1002 			default:
1003 				ND_PRINT("[unknown special tag %u, size %u]",
1004 					  tag, len);
1005 				bp += len;
1006 				len = 0;
1007 				break;
1008 			}
1009 			break;
1010 		}
1011 		/* Data left over? */
1012 		if (len) {
1013 			ND_PRINT("\n\t  trailing data length %u", len);
1014 			bp += len;
1015 		}
1016 	}
1017 	return;
1018 trunc:
1019 	nd_print_trunc(ndo);
1020 }
1021 
1022 #define PRINTCMUADDR(m, s) { ND_TCHECK_4(cmu->m); \
1023     if (GET_IPV4_TO_NETWORK_ORDER(cmu->m) != 0) \
1024 	ND_PRINT(" %s:%s", s, GET_IPADDR_STRING(cmu->m)); }
1025 
1026 static void
1027 cmu_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
1028 	  const u_char *bp)
1029 {
1030 	const struct cmu_vend *cmu;
1031 	uint8_t v_flags;
1032 
1033 	ND_PRINT(" vend-cmu");
1034 	cmu = (const struct cmu_vend *)bp;
1035 
1036 	/* Only print if there are unknown bits */
1037 	ND_TCHECK_4(cmu->v_flags);
1038 	v_flags = GET_U_1(cmu->v_flags);
1039 	if ((v_flags & ~(VF_SMASK)) != 0)
1040 		ND_PRINT(" F:0x%x", v_flags);
1041 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_dgate, "DG");
1042 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_smask, v_flags & VF_SMASK ? "SM" : "SM*");
1043 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_dns1, "NS1");
1044 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_dns2, "NS2");
1045 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_ins1, "IEN1");
1046 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_ins2, "IEN2");
1047 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_ts1, "TS1");
1048 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_ts2, "TS2");
1049 	return;
1050 
1051 trunc:
1052 	nd_print_trunc(ndo);
1053 }
1054 
1055 #undef PRINTCMUADDR
1056 
1057 static char *
1058 client_fqdn_flags(u_int flags)
1059 {
1060 	static char buf[8+1];
1061 	int i = 0;
1062 
1063 	if (flags & CLIENT_FQDN_FLAGS_S)
1064 		buf[i++] = 'S';
1065 	if (flags & CLIENT_FQDN_FLAGS_O)
1066 		buf[i++] = 'O';
1067 	if (flags & CLIENT_FQDN_FLAGS_E)
1068 		buf[i++] = 'E';
1069 	if (flags & CLIENT_FQDN_FLAGS_N)
1070 		buf[i++] = 'N';
1071 	buf[i] = '\0';
1072 
1073 	return buf;
1074 }
1075